CN110632042B - Positioning method for pollution point source caused by crude oil leakage of oil pipeline - Google Patents
Positioning method for pollution point source caused by crude oil leakage of oil pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN110632042B CN110632042B CN201910767827.8A CN201910767827A CN110632042B CN 110632042 B CN110632042 B CN 110632042B CN 201910767827 A CN201910767827 A CN 201910767827A CN 110632042 B CN110632042 B CN 110632042B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum development environment protection, and particularly relates to a method for positioning a pollution point source of crude oil leakage of an oil pipeline. The method comprises the steps of drilling at the periphery of a roughly determined oil pipeline leakage range according to a certain arrangement mode, collecting soil samples, analyzing the oil content of the soil samples, rapidly acquiring the condition of a crude oil leakage pollution range, and positioning a pollution core area by comparing the crude oil content of the soil samples in different areas, so as to rapidly reduce the search range of leakage point positions, facilitate engineering technicians to take control and treatment measures in time, and reduce the ecological environment threat caused by crude oil leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum development environment protection, and particularly relates to a method for positioning a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline.
Background
In the process of petroleum exploitation, gathering and transportation and refining, the transfer and transportation of crude oil medium are completed by means of a large-scale oil pipeline system. The integrity of the system is the basis for ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the oil transportation process. In the actual use process, the pipeline is often leaked due to factors such as third party damage, material corrosion and the like, so that economic property and personal safety are harmed to people. To fundamentally solve this problem, it is necessary to detect and locate the location of the leak in the pipe. The range of the leakage point of the oil pipeline can be conveniently searched by using a negative pressure wave detection method, an optical fiber leakage detection method and an infrasonic wave method, but the determination of specific point positions still needs to be actually measured on site; in addition, the condition of pollution of the crude oil conveying pipeline to peripheral soil is rapidly investigated and determined, and decision basis can be provided for manual control and treatment of pollution of soil, underground water and the like caused by crude oil leakage. At the present stage, the accurate positioning of the leakage point of the oil pipeline is generally determined by adopting a large excavation mode, and the method has the advantages of large workload, high construction risk and lower working efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for positioning a pollution point source of crude oil leakage of an oil pipeline, and aims to provide a sampling and preprocessing method for monitoring the pollution point source of crude oil leakage, which has the advantages of small workload, low construction risk and high working efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the soil is polluted by crude oil
Performing soil drilling and sample collection at the suspected crude oil leakage point, quickly judging whether the soil is polluted by crude oil, if the soil is not polluted, re-estimating the leakage point for drilling, and if the soil is polluted, entering the next step;
step two: secondary drilling
Taking the primary hole probing of the step one as the circle center, taking the distance of 1.5-3 times the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil as the radius, performing secondary drilling on the arc line, and collecting a soil sample;
step three: analysis of soil for determining contaminated conditions
Pretreating the soil sample collected in the secondary drilling in the step two, and determining the polluted condition of the soil for analysis;
step four: re-drilling
And according to the analysis result of the soil petroleum pollution condition in the third step, re-drilling the soil sample on the semicircular arc with the outward radiation radius of L by taking the probe hole with the highest soil petroleum content as a reference, and repeating the operation in the third step until determining the oil leakage pollution point and the soil range polluted by the leaked petroleum.
In the method for rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil in the step one, a portable detection instrument of a fluorescence photometric detection technology is adopted to determine the concentration of the oil in the soil.
In the second drilling step, the distance twice the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil is detected as the radius, the second drilling is carried out on the arc line, and a soil sample is collected.
The secondary drilling is to perform secondary drilling at 3-8 equal points on an arc which takes the primary borehole as the center of a circle and takes the distance of twice the depth polluted by crude oil as the radius, and collect soil samples of corresponding points, wherein the step length of 1/10-1/8 of the drilling depth H is taken as the step length during sample collection, and multiple samples are collected.
And in the third step, the soil sample collected by the secondary drilling is pretreated by extracting extractable petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil by using dichloromethane, evaporating the dichloromethane in the extraction liquid by using a rotary evaporator, and dissolving the residual oil by using carbon tetrachloride and fixing the volume.
Weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 25-30min; placing in 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 12-17ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 13-18min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 7-12min; repeating ultrasonic centrifugation for at least two times, mixing the supernatants, rotary evaporating at 50-55 deg.C for 25-35min, and rinsing the inner wall of flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.
In the third step, 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample is weighed by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling, added with anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume and uniformly mixed, and kept stand for 30min; placing in a 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 15ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 15min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 10min. Repeating ultrasonic centrifugation twice, combining the supernatants, rotating at 54 deg.C to evaporate to dryness, maintaining for 30min, and rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring the carbon tetrachloride rinsed in the flask for many times into the volumetric flask, and metering the volume of the carbon tetrachloride to a marked line to obtain a sample.
And in the fourth step, the exploration hole with the highest soil oil content in re-drilling is the average value of the oil content measurement of the soil sample in the range of 1/3 of the middle of the selected drilling depth, and the oil content is highest when the average value is the largest.
Has the advantages that:
1. the sample collection and pretreatment method can efficiently and accurately position the crude oil leakage position;
2. the invention can conveniently and quickly determine the range of the polluted soil, reduce the risk of excavation construction and improve the working efficiency.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to implement the technical solutions according to the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention using a drilling rig for initial exploration along a pipeline range;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a leak area obtained by using an infrasonic method to leak a petroleum pipeline according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an oil pipeline; 2-roughly determining a leakage area; 3-petroleum contaminated soil area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the soil is polluted by crude oil
Performing soil drilling and sample collection at the suspected crude oil leakage point, rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil, if no pollution is found, re-estimating the leakage point for drilling, and if the pollution is found, entering the next step;
step two: secondary drilling
Taking the primary hole probing of the step one as the circle center, taking the distance of 1.5-3 times the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil as the radius, performing secondary drilling on the arc line, and collecting a soil sample;
step three: analysis of soil for determining contaminated conditions
Pretreating the soil sample collected in the secondary drilling in the step two, and determining the polluted condition of the soil for analysis;
step four: re-drilling
And as shown in fig. 2, according to the analysis result of the soil oil pollution condition in the third step, based on the probe hole with the highest soil oil content, re-drilling the soil sample on the semicircular arc with the outward radiation radius of L, and repeating the operation of the third step until an oil leakage pollution point and a soil range polluted by the leaked oil are determined.
In actual use, the method can efficiently and accurately position the crude oil leakage position by judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil, performing secondary drilling, determining the polluted condition of the soil, analyzing and performing secondary drilling; the invention reduces the excavation construction risk and improves the working efficiency.
Example two:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is different from the first embodiment in that: the method for rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil in the step one adopts a portable detection instrument of a fluorescence photometric detection technology to measure the concentration of the oil in the soil.
When the device is actually used, the technical scheme of the invention can be used for quickly judging the degree of soil pollution, and the cost is lower.
Example three:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is different from the first embodiment in that: and in the second drilling step, the distance twice the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil is detected as a radius, the secondary drilling is carried out on the arc line, and a soil sample is collected.
When the method is used in practice, secondary drilling is carried out by adopting the technical scheme, the time for determining the crude oil leakage point source is greatly shortened, and the efficiency for determining the crude oil leakage position is improved.
Example four:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is different from the first embodiment in that: the secondary drilling is to perform secondary drilling at 3-8 equal points on an arc taking the primary borehole as the center of a circle and taking the distance of twice the depth polluted by crude oil as the radius, and collect soil samples at corresponding points, wherein the step length of the sample collection is 1/10-1/8 of the drilling depth H, and multiple samples are collected.
In actual use, by drilling at the equally divided points, not only can the orientation of the leakage points of the crude oil be grasped, but also the burial depth of the leakage points can be quickly confirmed. The number of the equal division points can be determined according to the requirement of precision; the number of equally divided point selections is large, the precision is high but the speed is low, and the number of equally divided point selections is small, the precision is low but the speed is high.
Example five:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is different from the first embodiment in that: and in the third step, the soil sample collected by the secondary drilling is pretreated by extracting extractable petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil by using dichloromethane, evaporating the dichloromethane in the extraction liquid by using a rotary evaporator, and dissolving the residual oil by using carbon tetrachloride and fixing the volume.
In actual use, the influence of volatile organic compounds on the background of soil is eliminated by performing two-stage extraction on petroleum hydrocarbon, and the real condition of a treated soil sample is accurately obtained.
Example six:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is different from the first embodiment in that: weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 25-30min; placing in 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 12-17ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 13-18min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 7-12min; repeating ultrasonic centrifugation for at least two times, mixing the supernatants, rotary evaporating to dryness at 50-55 deg.C, and maintaining
Rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride for 25-35 min; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.
Preferably, in the third step, 5.00g of the freeze-dried soil sample is weighed by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by the secondary drilling, added with anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume and uniformly mixed, and kept stand for 30min; placing in 50ml centrifuge tube, adding 15ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 15min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 10min. Repeating ultrasonic centrifugation twice, combining the supernatants, rotating at 54 deg.C to evaporate to dryness, maintaining for 30min, and rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.
In practical use, the technical scheme of the invention is adopted to pretreat the soil sample collected by secondary drilling, and the purpose of accurately extracting the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the soil is achieved by shielding the influence of water in the soil sample.
Example seven:
a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is different from the first embodiment in that: and in the fourth step, the exploration hole with the highest soil oil content is drilled again, the average value of the oil content measurement of the soil sample in the range of 1/3 of the middle of the selected drilling depth is selected, and the oil content is highest when the average value is the largest.
In practical use, the technical scheme of the invention eliminates the influence caused by operation errors through multiple measurements, so that the obtained final data is closer to reality.
Example eight:
when leakage occurs in a certain oil pipeline, the petroleum pipeline 1 is subjected to leakage detection by adopting an infrasonic wave method, and a rough leakage area 2 shown in figure 1 is obtained. Specific leakage point positions can be arranged at any position of the roughly determined leakage area 2, and the leakage point positions need to be selected for carrying out multi-position excavation to find a target position in the prior art. The method adopts drilling equipment to carry out primary detection along the pipeline range until the polluted soil is collected in a primary detection hole, and the buried depth of the polluted soil is 5.5m through detection; and (3) carrying out secondary drilling by taking the primary hole probing as the circle center, selecting two times (11 m) of the distance of the depth of the detected crude oil pollution of the soil by the radius D1, carrying out secondary drilling at 4 equi-spaced points on the arc line, and collecting soil samples at corresponding points, wherein the drilling depth during sample collection is 12m, and the soil sample collection is carried out 7 times in a single hole by taking 1.5m (1/8 of the depth of the hole probing) as the step length.
The analysis result of the soil petroleum pollution condition shows that the oil content of the No. 3 exploration hole drilled secondarily is the highest in the soil depth of 6-9 m, and the average oil content can reach 620mg/kg; then, with the probing hole No. 3 of the secondary drilling as a reference, the drilling and soil sample of the radiation probing hole are seen again on an arc which is radiated outwards and takes D2 (15 m, twice the depth of the oil-contaminated soil of the secondary probing hole) as a radius, and the operation process is repeated for 4 times, so that the position of the oil leakage point on the pipeline and the soil area of the oil-contaminated soil area 3 polluted by the leaked oil can be accurately determined, wherein the soil area is about 1350m 2 The average depth of the petroleum polluted soil layer is 4.8m. Based on the method, the pollution problems of soil, underground water and the like caused by crude oil leakage are developed and controlled manually.
In actual operation, the sounding hole numbering rule is as follows: and numbering clockwise by taking the initial probing hole as the center of a circle and the probing hole above the initial probing hole as No. 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
In the case of no conflict, a person skilled in the art may combine the related technical features in the above examples according to actual situations to achieve corresponding technical effects, and details of various combining situations are not described herein.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the soil is polluted by crude oil
Performing soil drilling and sample collection at the suspected crude oil leakage point, rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil, if no pollution is found, re-estimating the leakage point for drilling, and if the pollution is found, entering the next step;
step two: secondary drilling
Taking the primary hole probing in the step one as a circle center, taking the distance of 1.5-3 times the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil as a radius, obtaining an arc line, performing secondary drilling on the arc line, and collecting a soil sample;
performing secondary drilling on the arc line at equal points of 3-8, and collecting soil samples at corresponding points, wherein the step length of the secondary drilling is 1/10-1/8 of the drilling depth H, and collecting multiple samples;
step three: analysis of soil for determining contaminated conditions
Pretreating the soil sample collected in the secondary drilling in the step two, and determining the polluted condition of the soil for analysis;
step four: re-drilling
According to the analysis result of the soil oil pollution condition in the third step, the exploration hole with the highest soil oil content is taken as a reference, the soil sample is re-drilled on the semicircular arc with the outward radiation radius of L, and the operation of preprocessing and soil pollution condition analysis determination of the soil sample in the third step is repeated until an oil leakage pollution point and a soil range polluted by leaked oil are determined; wherein L is a distance twice the depth of the petroleum polluted soil of the secondary hole probing, and the semicircular arc is opposite to the semicircular arc of the primary hole probing;
and in the fourth step, the exploration hole with the highest soil oil content is drilled again, the average value of the oil content measurement of the soil sample in the range of 1/3 of the middle of the selected drilling depth is selected, and the oil content is highest when the average value is the largest.
2. The method for positioning the pollution point source of the crude oil leakage of the oil pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil in the step one adopts a portable detection instrument of a fluorescence photometric detection technology to measure the concentration of the oil in the soil.
3. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second drilling step, the distance twice the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil is detected as a radius, the secondary drilling is carried out on the arc line, and a soil sample is collected.
4. The method for positioning the pollution point source of the crude oil leakage of the oil pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the soil sample collected by the secondary drilling is pretreated by extracting extractable petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil by using dichloromethane, evaporating the dichloromethane in the extraction liquid by using a rotary evaporator, and dissolving the residual oil by using carbon tetrachloride and fixing the volume.
5. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 25-30min; placing in 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 12-17ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 13-18min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 7-12min; repeating ultrasonic centrifugation for at least two times, combining the supernatants, rotating and evaporating at 50-55 ℃ to dryness, keeping for 25-35min, rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride, transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring the carbon tetrachloride rinsed the flask for many times into the volumetric flask, and metering the volume to the marked line with the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.
6. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the third step, 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample is weighed by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling, added with anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume and uniformly mixed, and kept stand for 30min; placing in a 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 15ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonically treating for 15min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 10min; repeating ultrasonic centrifugation twice, combining the supernatants, rotating at 54 deg.C to evaporate to dryness, maintaining for 30min, and rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.
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| CN117805933B (en) * | 2024-03-02 | 2024-05-10 | 宝航环境修复有限公司 | Groundwater pollution source leakage investigation method, system, device and storage medium |
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