CN110631683A - Building rigid part strain safety monitoring method - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building rigid part strain safety monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that detection optical fibers are preset in a building rigid part of an object to be built or micro grooves are formed in the building rigid part of a built object main body and used for placing the detection optical fibers, the detection optical fibers are tightly attached to the building rigid part into a whole through wall body repair, and a signal detection unit is arranged at the end part of each detection optical fiber; and carrying out manual simulation aiming at the actual vibration, inclination or collapse of the detection optical fiber, and then establishing a data model. The invention relates to a novel distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology based on a coherent Rayleigh scattering principle; the method comprises the steps of collecting and analyzing typical vibration data of the building rigid part under different levels of strong wind and earthquake in real time under actual field working conditions, extracting characteristic parameters of events endangering the house safety, establishing an analysis model, and combining a mode recognition algorithm to monitor and early warn dangerous events of the object building rigid part in real time and efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building safety monitoring, in particular to a building rigid member strain safety monitoring method.
Background
The building rigid member is everywhere in real life, basically any object with a shape has a structure with a stable shape of a retainer, and the part playing a key role in the structure is the building rigid member, so the quality and the state of the building rigid member determine the stability of the shape of the object.
The stability of the rigid structure is guaranteed to comprise the object and the state of the object, such as a tower crane, a bridge girder erection machine and a bridge column in construction, which are common in daily life, and the stability of the rigid structure on the surface of the foundation is guaranteed to be the most important problem to be solved because of the height, the size and the weight of the rigid structure, and the consequences are unreasonable if the rigid structure is inclined and collapsed in practical application.
The stability of the rigid structure is a practical problem, in recent years, building collapse events are frequently reported in China, and related events occur in a plurality of places in China, so that a large amount of casualties are caused, huge property loss is caused, and meanwhile, great negative effects are brought to social stability. Tens of such events occur nationwide in the last 3 years, causing significant losses. The house bears the lives of people, is the most important ring in daily clothes and eating and housing, practically influences the most basic life guarantee of people, and the safety of the house becomes the most concerned thing of everyone.
Along with the development of economy, house safety is concerned more and more by relevant government departments and residents, a related simple and reliable monitoring device is lacked for monitoring house safety, and the house detection also depends on manual detection, so that the time consumption is long, the detection method is complicated, and a real-time, reliable, rapid and objective house safety monitoring device is urgently needed.
In the current large total number of urban houses, there are still some houses built before liberation, most of which have entered into an over-age service period. Due to different construction times, the house is made of different materials and standard standards, so that the overall condition is complex. In addition, in the using process of the house, the house may experience the conditions of decoration, reconstruction and the like for many times, and particularly, the collapse accidents occur due to the safety problem caused by dismantling and modifying the bearing structure.
Meanwhile, in the urban construction process, the construction of large-scale construction projects such as subways, houses, deep foundation pits and the like is influenced, and the safety of surrounding buildings is adversely affected.
From the information related to urban houses, the information data volume is large, the change is frequent, and the related management departments are more. In the in-service period of the house, the damage degree of the house is changed, and in the face of the existing buildings with large quantity and wide range in China, the statistical data of the damage condition is not available at present. Meanwhile, in activities such as daily maintenance management or emergency rescue and danger relief of existing buildings, basic data of a house such as historical data of property owners, design, construction drawings, later-stage decoration and transformation, damage completion conditions, detection reports, repair drawings and the like are lost, and part of related data information of the existing buildings is dispersed in related departments or units, so that a centralized and unified information management system is not available, and the data information is difficult to collect and arrange and becomes a short board for emergency treatment of emergencies.
By comparison, in the field of house security identification, the traditional method has the following defects:
(1) the traditional method can generate omission and incomplete data;
(2) possibly missing the burst stage, not immediately correcting, and selecting the time which is not the most effective and economical;
(3) monitoring personnel are not professional, scientific basis is not provided, and early warning level is low;
(4) the traditional mode is low in automation, real-time performance and integration degree, and large-scale monitoring coverage and rapid popularization are difficult to achieve.
In order to further improve the level of house safety management and fully utilize advanced, reliable and applicable information technology, a set of house safety identification system and a use method thereof are urgently needed to be established, the scientificity and the fineness of the house safety management are improved, and the instantaneity and the efficiency of the safety management are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a building rigid part strain safety monitoring method, which can be used for carrying out real-time stress monitoring on a building rigid part and preventing the inclination caused by overlarge stress change of a building under the action of an external force.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for monitoring the strain safety of a building rigid part comprises the following steps:
step A: the method comprises the following steps that detection optical fibers are preset in a building rigid part of an object to be built or micro grooves are formed in the building rigid part of a built object main body and used for placing the detection optical fibers, the detection optical fibers are tightly attached to the building rigid part into a whole through wall body repair, and a signal detection unit is arranged at the end part of each detection optical fiber;
and B: carrying out manual simulation aiming at actual vibration, inclination or collapse of the detection optical fiber, and then establishing a data model;
and C: when the detection optical fiber is normally used, a power supply is not needed, laser is emitted through a laser in real time, the feedback pulse is calculated through a signal detection unit to obtain characteristic values of temperature, vibration and stress, and the mode of the real environment of the current detection optical fiber can be identified according to the characteristic values;
step D: performing mode recognition in the model established in the step B aiming at the characteristic data after the current detection optical fiber is fed back, and calling a corresponding decision response to the recognized mode;
step E: and remote alarming, displaying or linkage is realized according to different decision responses.
The step B comprises the following steps:
b1, environmental condition classification, namely combining the actual environmental state classification of the existing optical fiber, specifically three types: high wind vibration, seismic vibration and collapse inclination;
b2, performing manual simulation on one type of environment state, and acquiring data through a signal detection unit;
b3, preprocessing data: recombining a space domain, a time domain and a frequency domain according to the characteristics of the vibration signal to obtain characteristic values of temperature, stress and vibration, and then performing associated storage on the characteristic values, the corresponding environment types and decision values which should be adopted according to the environment types, so as to prepare for the next data processing;
b4, repeating the steps B2-B3 until all classified environment state data collection is completed, and sending the collected data to a storage server so as to complete modeling.
In the step A, the step of closely laying the detection optical fiber and the house or the house main bearing body specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: detecting the operating environment of the power cable, and determining the attenuation degree of a propagation signal of an optical fiber in the current operating environment, wherein the operating environment of the power cable comprises a wall material and a wall environment;
a2: determining the length of the laid optical fiber according to the attenuation degree of the optical fiber in the propagation signal in the current operation environment;
a3, laying the optical fiber with a fixed length closely to the bearing wall.
The detection optical fiber is of a vibration sensitive type sensing optical cable structure, and detects a vibration signal within the range of 0.1Hz ~ 1 kIIz.
The signal detection unit is composed of a Rapu laser, a coupler, an electro-optic modulator, a laser detector, a first detector, a second detector, a signal source, a network analyzer and a signal processor, wherein the output of the pump laser is connected with one end of a detection optical fiber, the other end of the detection optical fiber is connected with the output end of the electro-optic modulator through the coupler, the income of the detection laser is connected with the input end of the electro-optic modulator, the output end of the coupler is connected with the network analyzer through the first detector and the second detector respectively, and the signal source is connected with the network analyzer and the electro-optic modulator respectively.
The invention relates to a novel distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology based on a coherent Rayleigh scattering principle, which takes an optical fiber as a sensor, realizes continuous distributed measurement, is intrinsically safe, does not need power supply, realizes the real-time monitoring of an ultra-long distance and no measuring blind area, obtains the detection of a 0.1Hz ~ 1kIIz large-range vibration signal by designing and researching a vibration sensitive type sensing optical cable structure, extracts characteristic parameters of house security events by collecting and analyzing the typical vibration data of the house under different levels of strong wind and earthquake in real time under the actual field working condition test, establishes an analysis model, and combines a mode identification algorithm to monitor and early warn the house security events in real time and high efficiently.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a signal detection unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the invention, the parameter stress when the actual building rigid member deforms under the influence of external factors is simulated manually, and the database is established, so that accurate judgment can be provided for the subsequent actual building rigid member monitoring.
The method for monitoring the building rigid members is the same, so that the method can be adopted for the building rigid members of different parts, and the concrete use is described in detail by taking the stress monitoring of the building rigid members of a house as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises the steps of:
step A: the method is characterized in that a detection optical fiber is preset in a building rigid part of an object to be built or a micro groove is formed in the building rigid part of a built object main body and used for placing the detection optical fiber, the detection optical fiber is tightly attached to the building rigid part into a whole through wall body repair, and a signal detection unit is arranged at the end part of the detection optical fiber:
a1: detecting the operating environment of the power cable, and determining the attenuation degree of a propagation signal of an optical fiber in the current operating environment, wherein the operating environment of the power cable comprises a wall material and a wall environment;
a2: determining the length of the laid optical fiber according to the attenuation degree of the optical fiber in the propagation signal in the current operation environment;
a3, laying the optical fiber with a fixed length closely to the bearing wall.
And B: carrying out manual simulation aiming at the actual vibration of the detection optical fiber, and then establishing a data model;
the step B comprises the following steps:
b1, environmental condition classification, namely combining the actual environmental state classification of the existing optical fiber, specifically three types: high wind vibration, seismic vibration and collapse inclination;
b2, performing manual simulation on one type of environment state, then acquiring data through the signal detection unit,
b3, preprocessing data: according to the vibration signal characteristics, carrying out recombination of a space domain, a time domain and a frequency domain to obtain a characteristic numerical value, then carrying out associated storage on the characteristic numerical value, the corresponding environment type and a decision numerical value which is required to be adopted according to the environment type, and preparing for the next data processing;
b4, repeating the steps B2-B3 until all classified environment state data collection is completed, and sending the collected data to a storage server so as to complete modeling.
When the detection optical fiber is normally used, a power supply is not needed, laser is emitted through a laser in real time, characteristic values of perpendicularity, vibration and stress are obtained by calculating feedback pulses through a signal detection unit, and mode identification can be carried out on the real environment of the current detection optical fiber according to the characteristic values;
performing mode recognition in the model established in the step B aiming at the characteristic data after the current detection optical fiber is fed back, and calling a corresponding decision response to the recognized mode; the decision response is that strong wind, earthquake or collapse vibration occurs, if the result is normal, the processing is not needed, the operator is only reminded whether the comparison with the actual environment is consistent, if so, the operator does not need to check and maintain, otherwise, the operator needs to go to the field environment to confirm whether other damages exist again; otherwise, if the foreseeable verticality of the wall is too low in actual use, people in the building can be evacuated early, and therefore safety is guaranteed. Similarly, the temperature detection is real-time measurement, according to the setting of different temperatures, alarm is started when the temperature exceeds a set value, the alarm can be linked with a fire alarm and the like, secondary insurance cannot be realized, the alarm cannot be timely reminded when a fire is placed, and specific warning measures can be set randomly according to actual requirements; the same is so with the stress, the detection of stress can effectively prevent the change of the effective bearing capacity of house bearing piece, can be more high-efficient accurate carry out long-range real-time accurate detection to main part bearing structure's in the house safety, in case take place exogenic action, the change of stress is greater than the detection range, then go back to produce the warning immediately, arrange operating personnel to go on-the-spot inspection and rescue, the accuracy and the ageing of monitoring have been improved greatly, the safety in house is provided with powerful assurance, and this device can long distance distributed laying measure, and need not provide electric power, the whole economy, the further operation environment safety in the house that has improved greatly of use of no electric power, take place greatly reduced for phenomenons such as conflagration. And remote alarming and displaying are realized according to different decision responses.
And performing mode classification storage according to the data received by the corresponding decision method in combination with the actual environment condition of the optical fiber: for example, the system monitors, senses, judges and responds to environmental behaviors, the optical fiber is a sensing unit at the front end, and the system is the key for accurately identifying the environmental behaviors for analyzing, judging, classifying and judging collected data or samples. The characteristics of the external environment behaviors such as the masculinity, the complexity and the concurrency pose a great challenge to the cognitive function of the system, the differences (characteristics) between different natural disasters or disaster behaviors caused by the reasons become the standard of qualitative description, the environmental behaviors of different types are defined as different models (models) o, the decision process after classification and judgment is more important than the mode identification process, the quality of the decision theory design directly influences the reasonable degree of the mode identification result, and the principle of the method is that the most accurate combination is obtained at the minimum risk cost
The principle is also a balance between the completeness of the protection theory and the market practice requirement in the product design process.
The perception and classification of the system to the environmental behaviors and the decision making machine based on the system response are directly closely related to the reliability, stability and effectiveness of algorithm implementation. For example, for the two behaviors of rockfall and artificial destruction, after the front-end sensing process is completed, the pattern recognition process of the system can be divided according to preprocessing, feature extraction, classification judgment and decision, and the corresponding algorithm is realized.
The detection optical fiber is of a vibration sensitive type sensing optical cable structure, and detects a vibration signal within the range of 0.1Hz ~ 1 kIIz.
The temperature measuring optical cables are arranged on the surface of the cable loop to be measured, and all the temperature measuring optical cables are connected with the DTS temperature measuring host machine so as to monitor the surface temperature of the running cable in real time; and alarming when the temperature of the cable to be measured reaches an alarm set value.
The optical fiber vibration sensing system is a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system. And the optical fiber with the determined length is closely laid with the stress bearing of the house, so that the monitoring effect is better and accurate.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal detection unit is a laser, a coupler, an electro-optic modulator, a laser detector, a first detector, a second detector, a signal source, a network analyzer, and a signal processor, the output of the pump laser is connected to one end of a detection optical fiber, the other end of the detection optical fiber is connected to the output end of the electro-optic modulator through the coupler, the input end of the electro-optic modulator is connected to the input end of the detection laser, the output end of the coupler is connected to the network analyzer through the first detector and the second detector, and the signal source is connected to the network analyzer and the electro-optic modulator. Through the setting respectively at detection optic fibre both ends of thunder pu laser instrument and laser detector to realize interfering, the signal of interference is detected by the detector respectively behind the coupler, then carries the data detected to the analysis appearance and carries out the analysis, thereby reachs the corresponding eigenvalue of vibration parameter, the calling, judgement and the analysis of the model building and later stage numerical value of being convenient for, because this detection and analytic method are prior known technology, so concrete analytic principle is no longer repeated here.
The invention adopts the optical fiber to detect the building rigid part, has wide detection range, high precision, strong sustainability, energy conservation and environmental protection, and can be suitable for real-time monitoring of most longer, larger and higher files in daily life.
Claims (5)
1. A building rigid member strain safety monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step A: the method comprises the following steps that detection optical fibers are preset in a building rigid part of an object to be built or micro grooves are formed in the building rigid part of a built object main body and used for placing the detection optical fibers, the detection optical fibers are tightly attached to the building rigid part into a whole through wall body repair, and a signal detection unit is arranged at the end part of each detection optical fiber;
and B: carrying out manual simulation aiming at actual vibration, inclination or collapse of the detection optical fiber, and then establishing a data model;
and C: when the detection optical fiber is normally used, a power supply is not needed, laser is emitted through a laser in real time, the feedback pulse is calculated through a signal detection unit to obtain characteristic values of temperature, vibration and stress, and the mode of the real environment of the current detection optical fiber can be identified according to the characteristic values;
step D: performing mode recognition in the model established in the step B aiming at the characteristic data after the current detection optical fiber is fed back, and calling a corresponding decision response to the recognized mode;
step E: and remote alarming, displaying or linkage is realized according to different decision responses.
2. The method for monitoring the strain safety of the building rigid part according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step B comprises the following steps:
b1, environmental condition classification, namely combining the actual environmental state classification of the existing optical fiber, specifically three types: high wind vibration, seismic vibration and collapse inclination;
b2, performing manual simulation on one type of environment state, and acquiring data through a signal detection unit;
b3, preprocessing data: recombining a space domain, a time domain and a frequency domain according to the characteristics of the vibration signal to obtain characteristic values of temperature, stress and vibration, and then performing associated storage on the characteristic values, the corresponding environment types and decision values which should be adopted according to the environment types, so as to prepare for the next data processing;
b4, repeating the steps B2-B3 until all classified environment state data collection is completed, and sending the collected data to a storage server so as to complete modeling.
3. The method for monitoring the strain safety of the building rigid part according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step A, the step of closely laying the detection optical fiber and the house or the house main bearing body specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: detecting the operating environment of the power cable, and determining the attenuation degree of a propagation signal of an optical fiber in the current operating environment, wherein the operating environment of the power cable comprises a wall material and a wall environment;
a2: determining the length of the laid optical fiber according to the attenuation degree of the optical fiber in the propagation signal in the current operation environment;
a3, laying the optical fiber with a fixed length closely to the bearing wall.
4. The method for monitoring the strain safety of the building rigid member according to claim 1, wherein the detection optical fiber is of a vibration-sensitive sensing optical cable structure, and the detection range is 0.1Hz ~ 1kIIz vibration signals.
5. The method for monitoring the strain safety of the building rigid part according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the signal detection unit is composed of a Rapu laser, a coupler, an electro-optic modulator, a laser detector, a first detector, a second detector, a signal source, a network analyzer and a signal processor, wherein the output of the pump laser is connected with one end of a detection optical fiber, the other end of the detection optical fiber is connected with the output end of the electro-optic modulator through the coupler, the income of the detection laser is connected with the input end of the electro-optic modulator, the output end of the coupler is connected with the network analyzer through the first detector and the second detector respectively, and the signal source is connected with the network analyzer and the electro-optic modulator respectively.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113139257A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-20 | 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 | Device and method for quickly drawing drawings of automatic fire alarm system |
| WO2022000719A1 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-06 | 江苏东曌建筑产业创新发展研究院有限公司 | Intelligent building sensor detection method |
| CN115950461A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-11 | 无锡布里渊电子科技有限公司 | Building safety monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing technology and monitoring method thereof |
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