CN110631550A - Method and device for measuring inclination of cofferdam back cover - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring inclination of cofferdam back cover Download PDFInfo
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- CN110631550A CN110631550A CN201910933986.0A CN201910933986A CN110631550A CN 110631550 A CN110631550 A CN 110631550A CN 201910933986 A CN201910933986 A CN 201910933986A CN 110631550 A CN110631550 A CN 110631550A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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Abstract
A measuring method and a measuring device for the inclination of the back cover of a cofferdam relate to the technical field of building construction and comprise the following steps: after the cofferdam is initially leveled; two laser projection devices are installed on the cofferdam; two scale digital display devices are arranged in the laser emission directions of the two laser projection devices; marking an initial scale, an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale on the corresponding scale digital display device; carrying out bottom sealing construction, checking laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices on the corresponding scale digital display device in real time, and enabling the laser projection scales to be located between the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale all the time by changing the pouring sequence of concrete on the inner side of the cofferdam until the bottom sealing construction is finished; the measuring device comprises the two laser projection devices and two scale digital display devices; the invention solves the technical problems of difficult instrument erection and high measurement frequency when the inclination condition of the overwater construction cofferdam is monitored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover.
Background
During the construction of various buildings, the inclination condition of the buildings is often measured and monitored; similarly, the inclination of the cofferdam needs to be monitored in the cofferdam bottom sealing process, especially relating to the cofferdam construction on water. The existing method for monitoring the inclination condition of the cofferdam comprises the steps that a measurer measures elevations of four corners of the cofferdam by using a total station or a level gauge to obtain a height difference relative to an initial state elevation and a distance from the measuring instrument to the cofferdam, the inclination direction of the cofferdam can be obtained according to the positive and negative of the height value, and the inclination of the cofferdam is obtained according to the ratio of the height difference to the distance from the measuring instrument to the cofferdam.
However, the monitoring method has the following defects when being applied to cofferdam water construction:
1. construction platform on water receives the influence of rivers and self structure, and whole construction platform has slight vibrations, leads to setting up the instrument flattening difficulty on the platform, and measurement accuracy can't ensure.
2. In the measuring process, measuring personnel need to respectively walk to the measuring point positions along the cofferdam to measure; and along with the progress of back cover construction, need measure once every a period of time, the frequency of measurement is higher, needs to consume a large amount of manpower and materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a measuring method and a measuring device for the inclination of the sealed bottom of a cofferdam, and solves the technical problems that the instrument is difficult to erect and the measuring frequency is high when the inclination condition of the cofferdam constructed on water is monitored.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is that the cofferdam bottom sealing inclination measuring method comprises the following steps:
after the cofferdam is initially leveled; two laser projection devices are installed on the cofferdam, the lasers emitted by the two laser projection devices are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the straight lines of the two emitted lasers are mutually vertical;
two scale digital display devices are arranged in the laser emission direction of the two laser projection devices, and a distance is reserved between each scale digital display device and the corresponding cofferdam;
recording initial scales of laser light of the two laser projection devices projected on the corresponding scale digital display devices respectively, and marking an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale on each scale digital display device by taking the initial scales as the center;
and carrying out back cover construction, checking the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices corresponding to the scale digital display device in real time, and enabling the laser projection scales to be located between the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale all the time by changing the pouring sequence of the concrete on the inner side of the cofferdam until the back cover construction is finished.
Preferably, the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale are calculated according to the following formula:
H2＝KD+H1
wherein H1D is the distance between the scale digital display device and the corresponding laser projection device; k is the maximum inclination of the cofferdam; when K takes a positive value, H2On the upper critical scale, when K takes a negative value, H2Is the lower critical scale.
Preferably, K is plus or minus one fiftieth.
Preferably, if the laser projection scale is adjacent to the upper critical scale or the lower critical scale, more concrete is poured into the side, with the higher inclination, of the cofferdam, so that the laser projection scale approaches to the initial scale.
Preferably, the two laser projection devices are both arranged on the top surface of the cofferdam, each laser projection device comprises a laser pen and a steel plate, the bottom surface of each steel plate is fixed on the top surface of the cofferdam, and the laser pens are fixed on the top surface of each steel plate.
Preferably, the scale digital display device comprises a steel pipe pile and scale paper with scale marks, the steel pipe pile is vertically inserted to the ground bottom, and the scale paper is vertically adhered to the outer wall of the steel pipe pile; when the scale digital display device is installed, the laser is projected to the center of the scale paper in the width direction.
Preferably, the graduated paper comprises a zero graduation, an upward positive graduation and a downward negative graduation; the initial scale of the cofferdam is zero.
The invention also discloses a measuring device for the inclination of the cofferdam back cover, which comprises:
the two laser projection devices are arranged on the top surface of the cofferdam, the lasers emitted by the two laser projection devices are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the straight lines of the two emitted lasers are vertical to each other;
the two scale digital display devices are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the laser emission directions of the two laser projection devices, and a distance is reserved between the scale digital display devices and the cofferdam and used for recording the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices; the scale digital display device marks an initial scale of laser projection after the cofferdam is initially leveled, and an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale which take the initial scale as the center; the scale digital display device is also used for displaying the position of the laser projection scale between the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale in real time in the bottom sealing construction process of the cofferdam.
Preferably, the laser projection device comprises a laser pen and a steel plate, the bottom surface of the steel plate is fixed on the top surface of the cofferdam, and the laser pen is fixed on the top surface of the steel plate; the scale digital display device comprises a steel pipe pile and scale paper with scale lines, the steel pipe pile is vertically inserted into the ground, and the scale paper is vertically adhered to the outer surface of the steel pipe pile; when the scale digital display device is installed, the laser is projected to the center of the scale paper in the width direction.
Preferably, the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale are calculated according to the following formula:
H2＝KD+H1
wherein H1D is the distance between the scale digital display device and the corresponding laser projection device; k is the maximum inclination of the cofferdam; when K takes a positive value, H2On the upper critical scale, when K takes a negative value, H2Is the lower critical scale.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the measuring device only comprises two laser projection devices and two scale digital display devices, and has simple structure and low manufacturing cost; after the cofferdam is initially leveled and the installation of the measuring device is completed, only the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices corresponding to the scale digital display device are always positioned between the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale; compared with the prior art, in the cofferdam bottom sealing construction process, measuring instruments such as a total station instrument, a level instrument and the like are not needed, so that the input cost of the instruments is saved, and the cofferdam bottom sealing construction method is economical and practical; the measuring instrument does not need to be erected, and the technical problem that the instrument is difficult to erect during water construction is solved.
2. The measuring method converts the inclination change of the cofferdam in the cofferdam bottom sealing process into the change of the laser projection scale relative to the initial scale, and can know the inclination change of the cofferdam at any time by checking the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices on the corresponding scale digital display device in real time; the high-frequency measurement of measurement personnel is not needed any more, so that the labor cost is saved; meanwhile, the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale of the scale digital display device can play a role in early warning, and the inclination degree of the cofferdam is guaranteed to be in a safety range all the time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-laser projection device, 2-scale digital display device, 3-cofferdam, 11-laser pen, 12-steel plate, 21-scale paper and 22-steel pipe pile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring the inclination of the cofferdam bottom sealing includes the following steps:
after the cofferdam 3 is initially leveled; two laser projection devices 1 are installed on the cofferdam 3, the lasers emitted by the two laser projection devices 1 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the straight lines of the two emitted lasers are vertical to each other;
two scale digital display devices 2 are arranged in the laser emission direction of the two laser projection devices 1, and a distance is reserved between each scale digital display device 2 and the corresponding cofferdam 3;
recording initial scales of laser light of the two laser projection devices 1 projected on the corresponding scale digital display devices 2 respectively, and marking an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale on each scale digital display device 2 by taking the initial scales as the center;
and carrying out back cover construction, checking the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices 1 corresponding to the scale digital display device 2 in real time, and enabling the laser projection scales to be located between the upper critical scales and the lower critical scales all the time by changing the pouring sequence of the concrete on the inner side of the cofferdam 3 until the back cover construction is finished.
In this embodiment, in the process of initially leveling the cofferdam 3, measuring instruments such as a total station instrument and a level instrument can be used; in the cofferdam bottom sealing construction process, measuring instruments such as a total station instrument, a level instrument and the like are not needed.
Specifically, the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale are calculated according to the following formula:
H2＝KD+H1
wherein H1Is a firstStarting the scale, wherein D is the distance between the scale digital display device 2 and the corresponding laser projection device 1; k is the maximum inclination of the cofferdam 3; when K takes a positive value, H2On the upper critical scale, when K takes a negative value, H2Is the lower critical scale.
Further, the maximum safe inclination angle of the cofferdam is theta, and K is tan theta, when the cofferdam is inclined upwards (the top surface is upwarped), the inclination angle theta is positive, and the value of K is positive; when the cofferdam is inclined downwards (the top surface is sunken), the inclination angle theta is negative, and the K value is negative.
Specifically, the specific length of a distance between the scale digital display device 2 and the cofferdam 3 is estimated according to the maximum inclination of the cofferdam 3; the scale on the digital scale display device 2 is not small but obviously changed when the cofferdam is slightly inclined, and can be directly read from the scale.
Preferably, the distance between the upper and lower critical scales does not exceed 1 m.
Preferably, K is plus or minus one fiftieth, i.e. the upper critical scale isThe lower critical scale is
In the process of back cover construction, the cofferdam can incline, if the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices corresponding to the scale digital display device are adjacent to the upper critical scale or the lower critical scale, more concrete is poured in the side of the cofferdam 3 with higher inclination, so that the laser projection scales are close to the initial scales.
Preferably, in the process of bottom sealing construction, after each unit amount of concrete is poured, the inclination condition of the cofferdam is observed in time, and the pouring sequence of the concrete on the inner side of the cofferdam 3 is adjusted, so that the cofferdam is always in a smaller inclination state, namely the laser projection scale is always close to the initial scale.
In this embodiment, two laser projection devices 1 are installed on the top surface of the cofferdam 3, each laser projection device 1 includes a laser pen 11 and a steel plate 12, the bottom surface of the steel plate 12 is fixed on the top surface of the cofferdam 3, and the laser pen 11 is fixed on the top surface of the steel plate 12.
The scale digital display device 2 comprises a steel pipe pile 22 and scale paper 21 with scale marks, the steel pipe pile 22 is vertically inserted to the ground bottom, and the scale paper 21 is vertically adhered to the outer wall of the steel pipe pile 22; when the scale digital display device 2 is mounted, laser light is projected to the center of the scale paper 21 in the width direction.
The scale paper 21 comprises a zero scale, an upward positive scale and a downward negative scale; the initial scale of the weir 3 is zero.
The measuring method of the inclination of the cofferdam back cover comprises the following steps:
at the moment before bottom sealing construction is carried out, the distance between the scale degree display device 2 and the corresponding laser projection device 1 is moderate; the scale of the laser projected on the scale paper 21 is just zero, the scale paper 21 is a positive scale upwards and a negative scale downwards, and the laser is projected at the width center of the scale paper 21.
In the bottom sealing construction process, no matter how the cofferdam inclines (because the cofferdam volume is large, the inclination process changes slowly and does not change suddenly), the cofferdam can be decomposed into two mutually perpendicular laser projection directions. And observing the changes of the two laser projection scales in the height direction and the width direction relative to the initial scale from the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices corresponding to the scale digital display device, so that the inclination direction and the inclination size of the cofferdam can be obtained.
And then, adjusting the concrete pouring sequence according to the inclination condition of the cofferdam, so that the inclination state of the cofferdam can be always in a safe state until the bottom sealing construction is finished.
The measuring method can know the inclination change of the cofferdam at any time by checking the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices on the corresponding scale digital display device in real time; the high-frequency measurement of measurement personnel is not needed any more, so that the labor cost is saved; meanwhile, the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale of the scale digital display device can play a role in early warning, and the inclination degree of the cofferdam is guaranteed to be in a safety range all the time.
The invention also comprises a measuring device for the inclination of the cofferdam back cover, which comprises two laser projection devices 1 and two scale digital display devices 2, wherein the two laser projection devices 1 are both arranged on the top surface of the cofferdam, the lasers emitted by the two laser projection devices 1 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the straight lines of the two emitted lasers are vertical to each other.
The two scale digital display devices 2 are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the laser emission directions of the two laser projection devices 1, and a distance is reserved between the scale digital display devices 2 and the cofferdam 3 and used for recording the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices 1.
The scale digital display device 2 marks an initial scale of laser projection after the cofferdam 3 is initially leveled, and an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale which take the initial scale as the center; the scale digital display device 2 is also used for displaying the position of the laser projection scale between the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale in real time in the bottom sealing construction process of the cofferdam 3.
Specifically, the laser projection device 1 comprises a laser pen 11 and a steel plate 12, wherein the bottom surface of the steel plate 12 is fixed on the top surface of the cofferdam 3, and the laser pen 11 is fixed on the top surface of the steel plate 12; the scale digital display device 2 comprises a steel pipe pile 22 and scale paper 21 with scale marks, the steel pipe pile 22 is vertically inserted into the ground, and the scale paper 21 is vertically adhered to the outer surface of the steel pipe pile 22; when the scale digital display device 2 is mounted, laser light is projected to the center of the scale paper 21 in the width direction.
Further, the calculation formula of the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale of the scale digital display device 2 is as follows:
H2＝KD+H1
wherein H1D is the distance between the scale digital display device 2 and the corresponding laser projection device 1; k is the maximum inclination of the cofferdam 3; when K takes a positive value, H2On the upper critical scale, when K takes a negative value, H2Is the lower critical scale.
In another embodiment, the cofferdam 3 can also be provided with more than two laser projection devices 1, and the inclination condition of the cofferdam 3 can be reflected more accurately by the laser projection devices 1.
Compared with the prior art, in the cofferdam bottom sealing construction process, measuring instruments such as a total station instrument, a level instrument and the like are not needed, so that the cost of instrument investment is saved, and the cofferdam bottom sealing construction method is economical and practical; the measuring instrument does not need to be erected, and the technical problem that the instrument is difficult to erect during water construction is solved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (10)
1. A cofferdam bottom sealing inclination measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the cofferdam (3) is initially leveled; two laser projection devices (1) are installed on the cofferdam (3), the lasers emitted by the two laser projection devices (1) are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the straight lines of the two emitted lasers are vertical to each other;
two scale digital display devices (2) are arranged in the laser emission direction of the two laser projection devices (1), and a distance is reserved between each scale digital display device (2) and the corresponding cofferdam (3);
recording initial scales of laser light of the two laser projection devices (1) projected on the corresponding scale digital display devices (2) respectively, and marking an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale on each scale digital display device (2) by taking the initial scales as the center;
and carrying out back cover construction, checking the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices (1) corresponding to the scale digital display device (2) in real time, and enabling the laser projection scales to be located between the upper critical scales and the lower critical scales all the time by changing the pouring sequence of the concrete on the inner side of the cofferdam (3) until the back cover construction is finished.
2. The method for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation formula of the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale is as follows:
H2＝KD+H1
wherein H1D is the distance between the scale digital display device (2) and the corresponding laser projection device (1); k is the maximum inclination of the cofferdam (3); when K takes a positive value, H2On the upper critical scale, when K takes a negative value, H2Is the lower critical scale.
3. Method for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: and K is one of plus or minus fifty-one.
4. Method for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the laser projection scale is close to the upper critical scale or the lower critical scale, more concrete is poured into the side, with the higher inclination, of the cofferdam (3), so that the laser projection scale approaches to the initial scale.
5. Method for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two laser projection devices (1) are mounted on the top surface of the cofferdam (3), each laser projection device (1) comprises a laser pen (11) and a steel plate (12), the bottom surface of each steel plate (12) is fixed to the top surface of the cofferdam (3), and each laser pen (11) is fixed to the top surface of each steel plate (12).
6. Method for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: the scale digital display device (2) comprises a steel pipe pile (22) and scale paper (21) with scale marks, the steel pipe pile (22) is vertically inserted to the ground bottom, and the scale paper (21) is vertically adhered to the outer wall of the steel pipe pile (22); when the scale digital display device (2) is installed, the laser is projected to the center of the scale paper (21) in the width direction.
7. Method for measuring the inclination of a cofferdam back cover according to claim 6, characterized in that: the scale paper (21) comprises a zero scale, an upward positive scale and a downward negative scale; the initial scale of the cofferdam (3) is zero.
8. A measuring device for the inclination of the back cover of a cofferdam is characterized by comprising:
the two laser projection devices (1) are arranged on the top surface of the cofferdam, the lasers emitted by the two laser projection devices (1) are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the straight lines of the two emitted lasers are vertical to each other;
the two scale digital display devices (2) are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the laser emission directions of the two laser projection devices (1), and a distance is reserved between each scale digital display device (2) and the corresponding cofferdam (3) and used for recording the laser projection scales of the two laser projection devices (1); the scale digital display device (2) marks an initial scale of laser projection after the cofferdam (3) is initially leveled, and an upper critical scale and a lower critical scale which take the initial scale as the center; the scale digital display device (2) is also used for displaying the position of the laser projection scale between the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale in real time in the bottom sealing construction process of the cofferdam (3).
9. The measurement device of claim 8, wherein: the laser projection device (1) comprises a laser pen (11) and a steel plate (12), the bottom surface of the steel plate (12) is fixed on the top surface of the cofferdam (3), and the laser pen (11) is fixed on the top surface of the steel plate (12); the scale digital display device (2) comprises a steel pipe pile (22) and scale paper (21) with scale lines, the steel pipe pile (22) is vertically inserted into the ground, and the scale paper (21) is vertically adhered to the outer surface of the steel pipe pile (22); when the scale digital display device (2) is installed, the laser is projected to the center of the scale paper (21) in the width direction.
10. The measurement device of claim 8, wherein:
the upper critical scale and the lower critical scale are calculated according to the following formula:
H2＝KD+H1
wherein H1D is the distance between the scale digital display device (2) and the corresponding laser projection device (1); k is cofferdam (3)) The maximum inclination of (3); when K takes a positive value, H2On the upper critical scale, when K takes a negative value, H2Is the lower critical scale.
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| CN114353768A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-15 | 上海先行建设监理有限公司 | Device and method for monitoring construction of main beam of short-tower cable-stayed bridge |
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