CN110629078B - High-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and preparation method of component - Google Patents
High-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and preparation method of component Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and a member preparation method are characterized in that: the alloy mainly comprises aluminum, silicon, copper, strontium, zirconium and titanium, wherein the mass percent of Zr/Ti is 1.15-1.27: 1, the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent. The preparation method of the alloy sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) smelting; (2) homogenizing annealing (250 deg.C.times.6 h +350 deg.C.times.6 h +450 deg.C.times.6 h +480 deg.C.times.20 h), and (3) solid dissolving (480 deg.C.times.1 h +490 deg.C.times.1 h, warm water quenching); (4) forging technology (forging temperature is 450 ℃, deformation is 50%) (4) strengthening and toughening heat treatment: (480 ℃ multiplied by 2h +490 ℃ multiplied by 2h solid solution, warm water quenching, 191 ℃ multiplied by 12h aging). The actual measurement strength of the invention is 379.20MPa, and the elongation at break is 10.5%; and the alloy performance is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy material, in particular to a novel high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and a member preparation method, and specifically relates to a Zr, Sr and Ti composite microalloyed high-strength high-plasticity Al-Si-Cu series cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and a member preparation method.
Background
The Al-Si (-Cu) series cast aluminum alloys are currently the most used cast aluminum alloy materials in industry, and the alloys are numbered as follows: such as domestic YL102 (AlSi 12), YL112 (AlSi 8.5Cu3.5), YL113 (AlSi 811Cu 3), Japanese ADC12 (AlSi 11Cu 3), ADC10 (AlSi 8.5Cu3.5), American A380 (AlSi 8.5Cu3.5) and the like, the alloys have excellent casting performance and higher strength, but the plasticity and toughness are relatively lower, so that the application of the alloys is limited.
It is known that the mechanical properties of Al-Si (-Cu) cast aluminum alloys are closely related to the morphology, size, and distribution of the second phase (Si phase or the like) in their structure. The thinning of the Si phase is an effective way for reducing the cracking of the Si phase relative to the matrix Al so as to improve the performance of the Al-Si (-Cu) series cast aluminum alloy. The strontium (Sr) element is an effective long-acting alterant in the aluminum alloy, can effectively refine Si phase in Al-Si (-Cu) series cast aluminum alloy and FeSiAl in the alloy5And (3) an equivalent compound phase. Zirconium (Zr) is an element with strong affinity with Al, is added into the aluminum alloy, and forms A1 with Al in the process of alloy solidification3Zr and other high-melting-point phases play a role in heterogeneous nucleation on subsequent solidification of the alloy, so that the as-cast matrix structure of the alloy is refined, the formation of fine isometric crystals is promoted, and the fluidity and the element distribution uniformity of the liquid alloy are improved. The Al-Ti-B alloy is a high-quality aluminium alloy grain refiner, and Al is obtained by ternary eutectic reaction generated during smelting3The Ti particles produce a thinning effect. And Al generated by Zr and Ti composite micro-alloying3(Zr x,Ti 1-x) Eutectic structure ratio of A1 alone3Zr and A13The Ti particles have better refining effect and provide guarantee for the strength and plasticity of the alloy.
The forging can form parts with better mechanical property and high tissue density, but the forming process flow is more complicated, the production cost is higher, the production period is relatively longer, the limitation of the appearance size of the forged parts is large, and workpieces with relatively complicated appearances are difficult to process. The casting and forging compounding is a forming process combining casting and forging, and combines the advantages of the casting and forging.
So far, no high-strength and high-plasticity Al-Si-Cu series cast-forged composite aluminum alloy with independent intellectual property rights and a component preparation method are available in China, and the development of the high-performance cast aluminum alloy product manufacturing industry in China is restricted to a certain extent. Therefore, the strength and toughness of the Al-Si-Cu series cast aluminum alloy can be greatly improved by designing a novel high-strength high-plasticity Al-Si-Cu series cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and a member preparation method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of lower strength and plasticity of the existing Al-Si (-Cu) cast aluminum alloy, the invention provides a method for carrying out composite alloying by adjusting the contents of Si and Cu elements and simultaneously adding trace elements of strontium zirconium (Sr) and (Zr) and a small amount of aluminum-titanium-boron alloy (Al-Ti-B) on the basis of the component design of the Al-Si-Cu cast aluminum alloy and adopting a forging process to ensure that the alloy structure is compact and the mechanical property is excellent; the preparation method of the novel Al-Si-Cu series cast-forged composite aluminum alloy and the member thereof have the advantages that the Si phase and the compound phase in the alloy are refined efficiently without reducing the casting performance (fluidity) of the alloy, the strength and the plasticity of the alloy are greatly improved, and the novel Al-Si-Cu series cast-forged composite aluminum alloy with excellent casting performance, high strength and high plasticity and the member thereof are obtained.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows:
the high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy is characterized in that: the alloy mainly comprises aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), copper (Cu), strontium (Sr), zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti), wherein the mass percent of the silicon (Si) is 8.78-10.7%, the mass percent of the copper (Cu) is 3.22-4.71%, the mass percent of the strontium (Sr) is 0.1-0.15% (the addition amount), the mass percent of the zirconium (Zr) is 0.23-0.4%, the mass percent of the titanium (Ti) is 0.18-0.31%, the mass percent of the Zr/Ti is 1.15-1.27%, the balance is aluminum and a small amount of impurity elements, and the sum of the mass percent of all the components is 100%.
The Si is in the form of Al-Si master alloy, the Cu is in the form of Al-Cu master alloy, the Sr is in the form of Al-Sr master alloy, and the Zr is in the form of Al-Zr master alloy.
The mass percent of Si in the Al-Si intermediate alloy is 17%, the mass percent of Cu in the Al-Cu intermediate alloy is 50.12%, the mass percent of Sr in the Al-Sr intermediate alloy is 9.89%, the mass percent of Zr in the Al-Zr intermediate alloy is 4.11%, and the mass percent of Ti in the Al-Ti-B alloy is 5.11%.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of: (1) casting; (2) homogenizing and annealing; (3) solution treatment; (4) forging and pressing; (5) strengthening and toughening heat treatment;
the casting comprises the following steps: melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 +/-0.5 h; secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving the temperature for 15 +/-1 min, removing slag, removing gas for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving the temperature for 15 +/-1 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ to cast into ingots;
the homogenizing annealing comprises the following steps: 250 plus or minus 10 multiplied by 6 h plus 350 plus or minus 10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h plus 450 plus or minus 10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h plus 480 plus or minus 10 ℃ multiplied by 20 h, and cooling along with the furnace;
the solution treatment comprises the following steps: carrying out water quenching at the room temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ after heat preservation for 480 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 1h +490 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 1 h;
the forging and pressing are as follows: the forging temperature is 450 +/-10 ℃, and the deformation is 50 +/-5%.
The toughening heat treatment comprises the following steps: carrying out solid solution at 480 +/-10 ℃ for 2h +490 +/-10 ℃ for 2h, and carrying out water quenching at the room temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ after heat preservation; aging at 191 plus or minus 10 ℃ for 12 h;
and obtaining the high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member after the treatment.
The mass percent of Si in the Al-Si intermediate alloy is 17%, the mass percent of Cu in the Al-Cu intermediate alloy is 50.12%, the mass percent of Sr in the Al-Sr intermediate alloy is 9.89%, the mass percent of Zr in the Al-Zr intermediate alloy is 4.11%, and the mass percent of Ti in the Al-Ti-B alloy is 5.11%.
The diameter phi of the cast ingot obtained by casting into the ingot is 40mm, and the height is 150 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention obtains the high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy with the room-temperature tensile strength of 349.88-379.20 MPa (GB/T228-.
(1) The invention takes the hypoeutectic Al-Si-Cu alloy as the basis, refines the size of Si phase through Sr micro-alloying, further refines crystal grains through Zr and Ti composite micro-alloying on the basis, strictly controls the Zr/Ti ratio to be 1.15-1.27: 1, the effect of Zr and Ti composite micro-alloying is exerted to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the content of Cu is designed to be within the range of 3.22-4.71 percent, so that the strength of the alloy is ensured after strengthening and toughening heat treatment.
(2) The strength of the cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member prepared by the invention can reach 349.88-379.2 MPa, and the elongation at break can reach 9-11.5% (taking the first to third embodiments as examples). Compared with the strength of only casting aluminum alloy 300.07 MPa-326.1 MPa and the elongation at break of 3.75% -4.25% (taking comparative examples I-III as examples), the strength and the plasticity are both greatly improved. The strength is improved by 16.6%, and the elongation at break is improved by 1.4-1.7 times.
(3) Compared with the casting of aluminum alloy castings only, the performance stability of the cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member prepared by the invention is greatly improved, and compared with the forging of aluminum alloy castings only, the production period is greatly shortened, and the production cost is reduced. The high-plasticity casting and forging composite aluminum alloy has compact microstructure, fine crystal grains and uniform distribution of the crystal grains; the fracture appearance fossa is obviously increased in number and small and deep in shape; the tearing edge is fine; the plasticity ability is greatly improved.
(4) The invention obtains an ideal preparation method through a large number of tests, particularly controls the content of each component by adopting a method of adding each intermediate alloy and pure metal in sequence, and can easily obtain the aluminum alloy material meeting the requirements according to the process of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a fracture of a tensile specimen of an aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of the metallographic structure of the aluminum alloy of example II according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a fracture of a tensile specimen of an aluminum alloy of comparative example of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of the metallographic structure of the aluminum alloy of example III according to the invention.
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of a fracture of a tensile specimen of the aluminum alloy of example III of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the metallographic structure of an unformed cast aluminum alloy according to a comparative example of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a scanning electron micrograph of a fracture in a tensile specimen of an uncapped cast aluminum alloy of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a scanning electron micrograph of the metallographic structure of a comparative example No-wrought aluminum alloy according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a scanning electron micrograph of fractures in tensile specimens of two uncapped, as-cast aluminum alloys according to the comparative example of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a scanning electron micrograph of the metallographic structure of an unformed cast aluminum alloy according to a comparative example of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a scanning electron micrograph of fractures in tensile specimens of a comparative three uncapped, as-cast aluminum alloy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The first embodiment.
A novel high-strength high-plasticity casting and forging composite aluminum alloy comprises the following actual measurement mass fractions: al-10.7Si-3.22Cu-0.1Sr-0.23Zr-0.18Ti, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) casting: weighing the raw materials according to the composition design, firstly melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 +/-0.5 h;
secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving the temperature for 15 +/-1 min, removing slag, removing gas for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving the temperature for 15 +/-1 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ at about 770 +/-10 ℃ to cast into ingots (the diameter phi 40mm and the height 150 mm).
(2) Homogenizing and annealing: and (3) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the ingot obtained in the last step, wherein the annealing mechanism is 250 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +350 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +450 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +480 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 20 h.
(3) Solid solution process: water quenching at 480 +/-10 ℃ for 1h +490 +/-10 ℃ for 1h, and keeping the room temperature at 60 +/-5 ℃.
(4) The forging process comprises the following steps: the forging temperature is 450 +/-10 ℃, and the deformation is 50 +/-5%.
(5) And (3) strengthening and toughening heat treatment: carrying out solid solution at 480 +/-10 ℃ for 2h +490 +/-10 ℃ for 2h, and carrying out water quenching at the room temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ after heat preservation; aging at 191 plus or minus 10 ℃ for 12 h.
The aluminum alloy is obtained through the steps, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 349.88MPa (GB/T228-. In the present example, the primary Si phase and the eutectic structure in the scanning electron microscope photograph of the metallographic structureAl3(Zr x ,Ti 1-x) (FIG. 1A, B), scanning Electron microscope photograph of Si phase and eutectic structure (attached structure) relative to comparative example I metallographic structure7C, D, fig. 7) is forged to a smaller size, and the structure is denser, reducing stress concentration; in the present embodiment, the number of the tough pits is more and the tearing edge is fine in the scanning electron microscope photograph of the fracture (fig. 2); the scanning electron microscope photograph of the fracture of the comparative example I shows that the number of the dimple is small and the tearing edge is thick (figure 8), which is consistent with the macroscopic plasticity and strength performance.
Example two.
Preparing the novel high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy, wherein the actually measured mass fraction is as follows: al-9.49Si-4.71Cu-0.15Sr-0.31Zr-0.27Ti, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) casting: weighing the raw materials according to the composition design, firstly melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, degassing for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ at about 770 ℃ to cast into ingots (the diameter is phi 40mm, and the height is 150 mm).
(2) Homogenizing and annealing: and (3) carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot obtained in the last step, wherein the annealing mechanism is 250 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +350 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +450 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +480 ℃ multiplied by 20 h.
(3) Solid solution process: water quenching at 480 ℃ for 1h +490 ℃ for 1h, and keeping the temperature at 60 ℃.
(4) The forging process comprises the following steps: the forging temperature is 450 ℃, and the deformation is 50%.
(5) And (3) strengthening and toughening heat treatment: solid solution is carried out at 480 ℃ for 2h +490 ℃ for 2h, and water quenching is carried out at room temperature of 60 ℃ after heat preservation; aging at 191 ℃ for 12 h.
The aluminum alloy is obtained through the steps, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 367.20MPa (GB/T228-.
Example three.
Preparing the novel high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy, wherein the actually measured mass fraction is as follows: al-10.7Si-3.95Cu-0.12Sr-0.40Zr-0.31Ti, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) casting: weighing the raw materials according to the composition design, firstly melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, degassing for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ at about 770 ℃ to cast into ingots (the diameter is phi 40mm, and the height is 150 mm).
(2) Homogenizing and annealing: and (3) carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot obtained in the last step, wherein the annealing mechanism is 250 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +350 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +450 ℃ multiplied by 6 h +480 ℃ multiplied by 20 h.
(3) Solid solution process: water quenching at 480 ℃ for 1h +490 ℃ for 1h, and keeping the temperature at 60 ℃.
(4) The forging process comprises the following steps: the forging temperature is 450 ℃, and the deformation is 50%.
(5) And (3) strengthening and toughening heat treatment: solid solution is carried out at 480 ℃ for 2h +490 ℃ for 2h, and water quenching is carried out at room temperature of 60 ℃ after heat preservation; aging at 191 ℃ for 12 h.
The aluminum alloy is obtained through the steps, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 379.20MPa (GB/T228-.
Example four.
Preparing the novel high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy, wherein the actually measured mass fraction is as follows: al-7.78Si-4Cu-0.12Sr-0.40Zr-0.31Ti, and the preparation process is the same as in the first example.
Comparative example one.
Preparing Al-Si-Cu series cast aluminum alloy which is not subjected to a forging process, wherein the actually measured mass fraction is as follows: al-10.69Si-3.24Cu-0.13Sr-0.17Zr-0.20Ti, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) casting: weighing the raw materials according to the composition design, firstly melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, degassing for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ at about 770 ℃ to cast into ingots (the diameter is phi 40mm, and the height is 150 mm).
(2) Homogenizing and annealing: carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot obtained in the last step, wherein the annealing mechanism is
250℃×6 h+350℃×6 h+450℃×6 h+480℃×20 h。
(3) Solution treatment: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the extruded bar obtained in the last step, wherein the solution mechanism is that the temperature is kept for 480 ℃ multiplied by 2h +490 ℃ multiplied by 2h, then the bar is quenched with warm water at 60 ℃ in a room, and the water quenching transfer time is not more than 10 s.
(4) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out T6 aging treatment on the bar subjected to the solution treatment in the last step, wherein the aging mechanism is 191 ℃ multiplied by 12 h.
The aluminum alloy is obtained through the steps, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 300.07MPa (GB/T228-.
Comparative example two.
Preparing Al-Si-Cu series cast aluminum alloy which is not subjected to a forging process, wherein the actually measured mass fraction is as follows: al-10.45Si-4.05Cu-0.18Sr-0.33Zr-0.26Ti, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) casting: weighing the raw materials according to the composition design, firstly melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, degassing for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ at about 770 ℃ to cast into ingots (the diameter is phi 40mm, and the height is 150 mm).
(2) Homogenizing and annealing: carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot obtained in the last step, wherein the annealing mechanism is
250℃×6 h+350℃×6 h+450℃×6 h+480℃×20 h。
(3) Solution treatment: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the extruded bar obtained in the last step, wherein the solution mechanism is that the temperature is kept for 480 ℃ multiplied by 2h +490 ℃ multiplied by 2h, then the bar is quenched with warm water at 60 ℃ in a room, and the water quenching transfer time is not more than 10 s.
(4) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out T6 aging treatment on the bar subjected to the solution treatment in the last step, wherein the aging mechanism is 191 ℃ multiplied by 12 h.
The aluminum alloy is obtained through the steps, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 321.61MPa (GB/T228-.
Comparative example three.
Preparing Al-Si-Cu series cast aluminum alloy which is not subjected to a forging process, wherein the actually measured mass fraction is as follows: al-8.78Si-4.25Cu-0.18Sr-0.53Zr-0.35Ti, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) casting: weighing the raw materials according to the composition design, firstly melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, degassing for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving heat for 15 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ at about 770 ℃ to cast into ingots (the diameter is phi 40mm, and the height is 150 mm).
(2) Homogenizing and annealing: carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot obtained in the last step, wherein the annealing mechanism is
250℃×6 h+350℃×6 h+450℃×6 h+480℃×20 h。
(3) Solution treatment: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the extruded bar obtained in the last step, wherein the solution mechanism is that the temperature is kept for 480 ℃ multiplied by 2h +490 ℃ multiplied by 2h, then the bar is quenched with warm water at 60 ℃ in a room, and the water quenching transfer time is not more than 10 s.
(4) Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out T6 aging treatment on the bar subjected to the solution treatment in the last step, wherein the aging mechanism is 191 ℃ multiplied by 12 h.
The aluminum alloy is obtained through the steps, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 326.10MPa (GB/T228-.
The preparation method of the novel high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy with ideal actual strength of 379.20MPa and elongation of 10.5% can be obtained by those skilled in the art by properly adjusting the mixture ratio of the components according to the above examples and strictly performing the preparation steps.
The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of: (1) casting; (2) homogenizing and annealing; (3) solution treatment; (4) forging and pressing; (5) strengthening and toughening heat treatment;
the casting comprises the following steps: melting pure Al, Al-Cu intermediate alloy and Al-Si intermediate alloy, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃, then sequentially adding Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and keeping the temperature for 2 +/-0.5 h; secondly, after all the intermediate alloy and metal are melted, adjusting the temperature to 770 +/-10 ℃, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving the temperature for 15 +/-1 min, removing slag, removing gas for the second time, adding hexachloroethane for refining and degassing until no gas escapes, standing and preserving the temperature for 15 +/-1 min, removing slag, and finally pouring into a metal mold preheated to 400 +/-10 ℃ to cast into ingots;
the homogenizing annealing comprises the following steps: 250 plus or minus 10 multiplied by 6 h plus 350 plus or minus 10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h plus 450 plus or minus 10 ℃ multiplied by 6 h plus 480 plus or minus 10 ℃ multiplied by 20 h, and cooling along with the furnace;
the solution treatment comprises the following steps: carrying out water quenching at the room temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ after heat preservation for 480 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 1h +490 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 1 h;
the forging and pressing are as follows: the forging temperature is 450 +/-10 ℃, and the deformation is 50 +/-5%;
the toughening heat treatment comprises the following steps: carrying out solid solution at 480 +/-10 ℃ for 2h +490 +/-10 ℃ for 2h, and carrying out water quenching at the room temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ after heat preservation; aging at 191 plus or minus 10 ℃ for 12 h;
after the treatment, the high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member with room-temperature tensile strength of 349.88-379.20 MPa and elongation at break of 9-11.5% is obtained; the high-strength high-plasticity cast-forged composite aluminum alloy member consists of 8.78-10.7 mass percent of silicon (Si), 3.22-4.71 mass percent of copper (Cu), 0.1-0.15 mass percent of strontium (Sr), 0.23-0.4 mass percent of zirconium (Zr), 0.18-0.31 mass percent of titanium (Ti), and 1.15-1.27 mass percent of Zr/Ti: 1, the balance of aluminum and a small amount of impurity elements, and the sum of the mass percentages of all the components is 100%.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the Al-Si master alloy contains Si of 17 mass%, the Al-Cu master alloy contains Cu of 50.12 mass%, the Al-Sr master alloy contains Sr of 9.89 mass%, the Al-Zr master alloy contains Zr of 4.11 mass%, and the Al-Ti-B alloy contains Ti of 5.11 mass%.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said ingot obtained by casting into an ingot has a diameter of 40mm and a height of 150 mm.
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