CN109136681B - 6061 aluminum cast bar and casting process thereof - Google Patents

6061 aluminum cast bar and casting process thereof Download PDF

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CN109136681B
CN109136681B CN201811044781.9A CN201811044781A CN109136681B CN 109136681 B CN109136681 B CN 109136681B CN 201811044781 A CN201811044781 A CN 201811044781A CN 109136681 B CN109136681 B CN 109136681B
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骆耀斌
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ANHUI STRONG AUTO PARTS Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

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Abstract

The invention relates to a 6061 aluminum cast bar formula and a casting process thereof, wherein the 6061 formula is optimized, and several trace elements are mainly added, so that the mechanical property and the product processability of a 6061 aluminum alloy bar are effectively improved; so that the tensile strength MPa is greater than 336; yield strength MPa > 311; elongation after break > 16; hardness HB is greater than 112; in addition, the crystal grains are also refined to some extent.

Description

6061 aluminum cast bar and casting process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a 6061 aluminum cast bar and a casting process thereof.
Background
The pure aluminum has small density (rho =2.7g/cm 3), is about 1/3 of iron, has low melting point (660 ℃), has high plasticity (delta: 32-40%, psi: 70-90%), is easy to process, can be made into various sections and plates, and has good corrosion resistance. However, pure aluminum has a low strength and an annealed σ b value of about 8kgf/mm2, and thus is not suitable as a structural material. Through long-term production practices and scientific experiments, people gradually add alloy elements and apply heat treatment and other methods to strengthen aluminum, so that a series of aluminum alloys are obtained. The alloy formed by adding certain elements has higher strength while keeping the advantages of light weight of pure aluminum and the like, and the sigma b values can respectively reach 24-60 kgf/mm 2. Therefore, the specific strength (the ratio sigma b/rho of the strength to the specific gravity) of the steel plate is superior to that of a plurality of alloy steels, the steel plate becomes an ideal structural material, and the structural weight can be reduced by more than 50% by adopting the aluminum alloy to replace the steel plate for welding.
Aluminum alloys have excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance, and have been used in a large number of applications next to steel in the aerospace, automotive, machinery, marine, and chemical industries.
The 6061 aluminum alloy is a typical medium-strength Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy, has good corrosion resistance and weldability, is widely applied to industrial structures requiring certain strength and corrosion resistance, such as trucks, ships, furniture and the like, and is a promising aluminum alloy.
6061 aluminum alloy is a high Si-containing alloy, so Si is the main alloying element in this series of alloys and plays an important role. First, silicon has a large latent heat of crystallization and is easily cast. Can improve the fluidity of the alloy, reduce the hot cracking tendency and reduce the looseness. Secondly, most of the Si elements form a eutectic Si structure due to the fact that silicon has a maximum solubility of 1.65% in aluminum at the eutectic temperature (577 ℃), a solubility of 0.05% at room temperature, a small difference in solid solubility between high and room temperature, and an unbalanced cooling process. This second phase can constitute an excess phase strengthening after modification and heat treatment, and is the main strengthening mode of the alloy. And the appearance of Si can increase the corrosion resistance, the wear resistance and the like of the alloy. With the increase of Si content, the crystal area becomes smaller, the eutectic increases, the flowability is improved, and although the casting performance of the alloy is improved, needle-shaped or flaky eutectic Si structures are easy to appear in the structures, even coarse polygonal or coral-shaped primary crystal Si is easy to appear, stress concentration is easy to form at the tips or water caltrops of the Si stopping points, and the Si cracking is easy to be carried out along the direction of crystal grains or plate-shaped Si structures. Thereby reducing the performance of the aluminum alloy. The Si content is generally controlled around the eutectic point. Finally, Si is also a main element forming the precipitation strengthening phase Mg2 Si.
The Mg element may appear as a primary second phase of Mg2Si in the actual cast structure, except in the matrix which is mostly present in the form of solid solution. The primary Mg2Si phase produced is gradually solutionized into the matrix during solution treatment at 550 c, while the Mg2Si phase appears as a needle in the form of a precipitate phase during subsequent aging at around 150 c. The small-scale precipitated phase can strongly obstruct the movement of dislocation, so that the strength of the matrix is improved to a certain extent. This is one of the reasons why Al-Si-Mg is heat-treated to strengthen cast aluminum alloys and is widely used. However, the alloy is easily oxidized and gettered by increasing the Mg content, and the Mg content is very low, and the strengthening effect is not achieved.
The solubility of Cu in Al is 0.2% at room temperature, a limited solid solution can be formed, and the second phase Cu atoms are extruded into the solid solution, so that the solid solution generates serious lattice distortion, the movement of dislocation is hindered, and the strength of the alloy is improved, so that the copper has a larger solid solution strengthening effect; the room temperature solid solubility of Cu is very small, the existing solid solubility difference is large, a supersaturated solid solution can be obtained through quenching, then a secondary strengthening phase is precipitated (precipitated) through aging treatment to generate a larger strengthening effect, and the secondary precipitated phase is very fine and cannot be seen under a light lens. For high-strength Al-Si alloy Al-Si-Cu-Mg, Cu and Mg are added simultaneously to generate alpha (Al), Si, Al2Cu, Mg2Si and quaternary phase w (AlxMg 5Cu4Si 4), so that the Al-Si alloy has better strengthening effect.
Fe is an impurity element which has the greatest harm to a cast structure in Al-Si-Mg alloy. It and Al are easy to form brittle intermetallic compounds, which seriously reduce the toughness of the material.
During solidification of Al-Si-Mg alloys, a number of iron-containing compounds may be formed, with the beta phase (i.e., fesai 5, Al9Fe2Si 2) having the most severe impact on the mechanical properties of the alloy. As the beta phase precipitates out in the form of coarse flakes, the ductility, impact toughness and fracture toughness will decrease. Therefore, to improve the mechanical properties of the material, the amount of Fe must be strictly controlled or the detrimental effect of Fe on the properties must be impaired.
6061 aluminum cast bars in the market at present generally have internal defects such as shrinkage cavities, looseness, air holes, cracks and the like due to the limitation of processing technology and components.
The patent with publication number CN104131202A discloses a short-flow preparation method of 6061 aluminum alloy die forging, which improves the metallographic structure of the alloy by optimizing the chemical components of the alloy, such as adding Sr and Ti for modification and refinement, and combining with a melt purification technology, thereby not only improving the appearance quality of the product, but also greatly eliminating the internal defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness, pores, cracks and the like in the product; however, the research shows that the method still has certain defects, such as poor high-temperature high-creep property, crack source of the product and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a 6061 aluminum cast bar formula which comprises the following specific steps:
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components (by weight portion):
A6061 aluminum cast bar is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: si: 0.46-0.8 part; cu: 0.25-0.40 parts; mg: 0.80-1.20 parts; cr: 0.05-0.25 part; fe: <0.50 parts; mn: 0.03-0.15 part; zn: <0.25 parts; ti: 0.06-0.10 part; zr: 0.04-0.10; nb: 0.04-0.10; the balance being aluminum.
further, the 6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components in parts by weight: si: 0.60-0.70 parts; cu: 0.32-0.36 part; mg: 1.00-1.10 parts; cr: 0.10-0.15 part; fe: <0.20 parts; mn: 0.07-0.10 part; zn: <0.25 parts; ti: 0.06-0.08 part; zr: 0.04-0.08 part; 0.04-0.08 percent of Nb and the balance of aluminum.
Preferably, the 6061 aluminum cast bar can further comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.012-0.016 parts of B and/or Be: 0.02-0.06 parts and/or Sc: 0.04-0.08 portion.
A small amount of B is added into the alloy, and the B and Ti act together to refine the microstructure of the alloy and effectively refine the crystal grains of the alloy.
The trace amount of Be is added into some high-quality castings, which can not only improve the elongation rate due to the reduction of the oxidation of the alloy, but also improve the dispersion degree of an iron phase, so that a coarse needle-shaped beta phase is converted into a tiny isometric crystal, and the strength and the toughness are improved. Be added into the Al-Si-Mg alloy can also prevent the generation of Al10Mg4Si4Fe compounds, and is beneficial to improving the solid solution amount of Mg, thereby improving the strength. Therefore, the addition of Be has the dual effect of improving the strength and toughness.
sc is a rare earth metal element which has been found to have the most remarkable strengthening effect on aluminum alloys so far. The strengthening effect of Sc on the Al alloy is very obvious, and the Al alloy can be changed from dendrite into equiaxed crystal by only a very small amount of Sc, so that the modification effect is obvious, and the tissue structure and the performance of the Al alloy are obviously improved. After a trace amount of Sc is added, the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy is increased, the recrystallization resistant structure can be always kept, and the performance is excellent. The addition of Sc element, which forms secondary dispersed Al3Sc particles in the aging stage, directly strengthens the matrix. The addition of Sc can inhibit recrystallization in the aluminum alloy, and fine subgrain grains in a deformed product cause remarkable subgrain strengthening, and the special effect is also caused by Sc elements. When Sc or Sc and Zr are added in a combined manner, the formed Al3Sc particles have higher dispersity than other dispersed phases, so that the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy can be increased. The higher the amount of Al3Sc particles per unit volume, the more marked the increase in recrystallization temperature.
The addition of Zr to aluminum can improve the high-temperature strength of the alloy and also effectively cause recrystallization of the metal structure in a high-temperature environment by forming a precipitate phase coherent to the matrix. However, Zr in the solidified ancient city is partially gathered at the centers of crystal arms and crystal branches of the dendritic structure of the aluminum alloy, so that the nonuniformity of precipitated phase distribution during annealing treatment is caused, and the high-temperature resistance of the whole alloy material is further influenced. By adding Sc (scandium) alloy elements, precipitated phases with Al3 (Sc, Zr) core-shell structures can be formed, the distribution uniformity of the precipitated phases is greatly improved, and the bulk density of the precipitated phases is increased. Zr, Ti and Sc can play a more obvious role in Al alloy, Zr and Ti can replace Sc atoms in Al3Sc to form Al3 (Sc, Zr) and Al3 (Sc, Ti) intermetallic compounds, the structure of the intermetallic compounds is very similar to that of Al3Sc and Al matrixes, the intermetallic compounds can also be used as heterogeneous nucleation cores and refined grains, the aging state can exist as fine and dispersed strengthening phases, the strengthening effect is obvious, and the mechanical property is obviously improved. The prices of Zr and Ti are much lower than those of Sc, so that the cost is reduced by considering the composite addition of Zr, Ti and Sc, the performance is better, and the large-scale application of the aluminum-scandium alloy is promoted.
Nb is similar to Zr in many aspects, and when Nb acts alone, the oxidation capacity of the alloy can be improved, and no obvious influence is caused on the shaping of the alloy; however, Nb and Zr can form an alloy, and the addition of the Nb-Zr alloy can enable the alloy to have higher light and good plastic processing performance, and can also improve the oxygen resistance and alkali metal corrosion resistance of the alloy.
A casting process of an aluminum cast bar material comprises the following steps: (1) adding an aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot comprises the following components: si, Cu, Mg, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn and Ti; heating to 550-570 ℃ until the materials are completely melted, standing and preserving the heat for 30-40min, and then gradually heating to 800-850 ℃; (2) adding Al-Zr-Nb intermediate alloy wrapped by aluminum foil, adding a mechanical stirring rod after the Al-Zr-Nb intermediate alloy is melted, stirring for 10min, and standing for 10-20 min; (3) preferably, the intermediate alloy can also comprise Al-Ti-B alloy and/or Al-Be alloy and/or Al-Sc alloy (4), the temperature is gradually reduced to 550 ℃, and a refining agent is added; (5) standing and maintaining the temperature for 20-30min, and removing residues; (6) the temperature was maintained at 550 ℃ and the specimens were cast in a mold preheated to 250 ℃.
Aging treatment: and (3) performing primary aging heat treatment on the material obtained in the step (6) at the temperature of 450-.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the mechanical property and the product processability of the 6061 aluminum alloy bar are effectively improved; the oxygen resistance and the alkali metal corrosion resistance are improved; so that the tensile strength MPa is greater than 336; yield strength MPa > 311; elongation after break > 16; hardness HB is greater than 112; in addition, the crystal grains are also refined to a great extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a stress-deformation curve of the fifth preferred embodiment
Detailed Description
the following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example one
A6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components (by weight portion):
Si: 0.60 part; cu: 0.32 part; mg: 1.00 part; cr: 0.10 part; fe: 0.12 part; mn: 0.07 part; zn: 0.10 part; ti: 0.08 part; zr: 0.04 parts; 0.04 portion of Nb and the balance of aluminum.
And (3) casting process: (1) adding an aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot comprises the following components in parts by weight: si: 0.60 part; cu: 0.32 part; mg: 1.00 part; cr: 0.10 part; fe: 0.12 part; mn: 0.07 part; zn: 0.10 part; ti: 0.08 part; the balance being aluminum; heating to 550 deg.C, standing for 30min after it is completely melted, and gradually heating to 800 deg.C; (2) adding Al-Zr-Nb intermediate alloy wrapped by aluminum foil, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: zr: 0.04 parts; 0.04 part of Nb; (3) after the materials are melted, adding a mechanical stirring rod, stirring for 10min, and standing for 10 min; (4) gradually cooling to 550 ℃, and adding a refining agent, wherein the refining agent is hexachloroethane and accounts for 0.6 percent of the total amount; (5) standing and keeping the temperature for 20min, and removing slag; (6) the temperature was maintained at 550 ℃ and the specimens were cast in a mold preheated to 250 ℃.
aging treatment: and (3) carrying out primary aging heat treatment on the material obtained in the step (6) at the temperature of 450 ℃ for 30min, then carrying out water cooling or air cooling on the material to room temperature, then carrying out secondary aging heat treatment at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 2h, and then air cooling the material to room temperature to obtain the finished product of the aluminum cast bar.
Example two
A6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components (by weight portion):
Si: 0.65 part; cu: 0.34 part; mg: 1.05 parts; cr: 0.13 part; fe: 0.15 part; mn: 0.08 part; zn: 0.15 part; ti: 0.07 part; zr: 0.06 part; 0.06 part of Nb; and (C) Sc: 0.04 parts; the balance being aluminum.
And (3) casting process: (1) adding an aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot comprises the following components: si: 0.65 part; cu: 0.34 part; mg: 1.05 parts; cr: 0.13 part; fe: 0.15 part; mn: 0.08 part; zn: 0.15 part; ti: 0.07 part; the balance being aluminum; heating to 565 deg.C, standing, maintaining the temperature for 35min, and gradually heating to 820 deg.C; (2) sequentially adding Al-Sc and Al-Zr-Nb intermediate alloy wrapped by aluminum foil, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: zr: 0.06 part; 0.06 part of Nb; and (C) Sc: 0.04 parts; (3) after the materials are melted, adding a mechanical stirring rod, stirring for 10min, and standing for 15 min; (4) gradually cooling to 550 ℃, and adding a refining agent, wherein the refining agent is sodium fluoroaluminate and accounts for 0.6% of the total amount; (5) standing and keeping the temperature for 25min, and removing slag; (6) the temperature was maintained at 550 ℃ and the specimens were cast in a mold preheated to 250 ℃.
Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out primary aging heat treatment on the material obtained in the step (6) at 480 ℃ for 75min, then carrying out water cooling or air cooling on the material to room temperature, then carrying out secondary aging heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 5h, and then air cooling the material to room temperature to obtain the finished product of the aluminum cast bar.
EXAMPLE III
A6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components (by weight portion):
Si: 0.70 part; cu: 0.36 part; mg: 1.10 parts; cr: 0.15 part; fe: 0.18 part; mn: 0.10 part; zn: 0.20 part; ti: 0.08 part; 0.016 parts of B; zr: 0.08 part; 0.08 part of Nb; the balance being aluminum.
and (3) casting process: (1) adding an aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot comprises the following components: si: 0.70 part; cu: 0.36 part; mg: 1.10 parts; cr: 0.15 part; fe: 0.18 part; mn: 0.10 part; zn: 0.20 part; the balance being aluminum; heating to 570 deg.C, standing for 40min after it is completely melted, and gradually heating to 850 deg.C; (2) sequentially adding Al-Ti-B and Al-Zr-Nb intermediate alloys wrapped by aluminum foil, wherein the alloy components comprise (by weight portion): ti: 0.08 part; 0.016 parts of B; zr: 0.08 part; 0.08 part of Nb; (3) after the materials are melted, adding a mechanical stirring rod, stirring for 10min, and standing for 20 min; (4) gradually cooling to 550 ℃, and adding a refining agent, wherein the refining agent is hexachloroethane and accounts for 0.6 percent of the total amount; (5) standing and keeping the temperature for 30min, and removing slag; (6) the temperature was maintained at 550 ℃ and the specimens were cast in a mold preheated to 250 ℃.
Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out primary aging heat treatment on the material obtained in the step (6) at the temperature of 520 ℃ for 120min, then carrying out water cooling or air cooling on the material to room temperature, then carrying out secondary aging heat treatment at the temperature of 250 ℃ for 8h, and then air cooling the material to room temperature to obtain the finished product of the aluminum cast bar.
Example four
A6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components (by weight portion):
Si: 0.65 part; cu: 0.34 part; mg: 1.05 parts; cr: 0.13 part; fe: 0.15 part; mn: 0.08 part; zn: 0.15 part; ti: 0.07 part; zr: 0.06 part; 0.06 part of Nb; be: 0.02 part; the balance being aluminum.
And (3) casting process: (1) adding an aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot comprises the following components: si: 0.65 part; cu: 0.34 part; mg: 1.05 parts; cr: 0.13 part; fe: 0.15 part; mn: 0.08 part; zn: 0.15 part; ti: 0.07 part; the balance being aluminum; heating to 570 deg.C, standing for 40min after it is completely melted, and gradually heating to 850 deg.C; (2) sequentially adding Al-Zr-Nb and Al-Be intermediate alloy wrapped by aluminum foil, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: zr: 0.06 part; 0.06 part of Nb; be: 0.02 part; (3) after the materials are melted, adding a mechanical stirring rod, stirring for 10min, and standing for 20 min; (4) gradually cooling to 550 ℃, and adding a refining agent, wherein the refining agent is hexachloroethane and accounts for 0.6 percent of the total amount; (5) standing and keeping the temperature for 30min, and removing slag; (6) the temperature was maintained at 550 ℃ and the specimens were cast in a mold preheated to 250 ℃.
Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out primary aging heat treatment on the material obtained in the step (6) at 480 ℃ for 75min, then carrying out water cooling or air cooling on the material to room temperature, then carrying out secondary aging heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 5h, and then air cooling the material to room temperature to obtain the finished product of the aluminum cast bar.
EXAMPLE five
A6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components (by weight portion):
Si: 0.65 part; cu: 0.34 part; mg: 1.05 parts; cr: 0.13 part; fe: 0.15 part; mn: 0.08 part; zn: 0.15 part; ti: 0.06 part; 0.012 portion of B; zr: 0.06 part; 0.06 part of Nb; be: 0.06 part; and (C) Sc: 0.08 part; the balance being aluminum.
And (3) casting process: (1) adding an aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot comprises the following components: si: 0.65 part; cu: 0.34 part; mg: 1.05 parts; cr: 0.13 part; fe: 0.15 part; mn: 0.08 part; zn: 0.15 part; the balance being aluminum; heating to 570 deg.C, standing for 40min after it is completely melted, and gradually heating to 850 deg.C; (2) sequentially adding Al-Ti-B, Al-Zr-Nb, Al-Be and Al-Sc intermediate alloys wrapped by aluminum foil, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: ti: 0.06 part; 0.012 portion of B; zr: 0.06 part; 0.06 part of Nb; be: 0.06 part; and (C) Sc: 0.08 part; (3) after the materials are melted, adding a mechanical stirring rod, stirring for 10min, and standing for 20 min; (4) gradually cooling to 550 ℃, and adding a refining agent, wherein the refining agent is hexachloroethane and accounts for 0.6 percent of the total amount; (5) standing and keeping the temperature for 30min, and removing slag; (6) the temperature was maintained at 550 ℃ and the specimens were cast in a mold preheated to 250 ℃.
Aging treatment: and (3) carrying out primary aging heat treatment on the material obtained in the step (6) at 480 ℃ for 75min, then carrying out water cooling or air cooling on the material to room temperature, then carrying out secondary aging heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 5h, and then air cooling the material to room temperature to obtain the finished product of the aluminum cast bar.
The mechanical properties of example five are reported in table 1 and figure 1:
TABLE 1 Metal tensile test report
Metallographic reports (high power analysis) for example five are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 metallographic report (high power analysis)
Metallographic reports (low power analysis) for example five are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 metallographic report (macroscopic analysis)
the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A 6061 aluminum cast bar, which is characterized in that,
the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: si: 0.60-0.70 parts; cu: 0.32-0.36 part; mg: 1.00-1.10 parts; cr: 0.10-0.15 part; fe: <0.20 parts; mn: 0.07-0.10 part; zn: <0.25 parts; ti: 0.06-0.08 part; zr: 0.04-0.08 part; nb is 0.04-0.08; 0.012-0.016 parts of B; be: 0.02-0.06 part; and (C) Sc: 0.04-0.08 part; the balance being aluminum.
2. A casting process of a 6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following steps: (1) adding aluminum ingots, heating to 550-570 ℃, completely melting, standing, and gradually heating to 800-850 ℃; (2) sequentially adding the intermediate alloy, stirring after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, and standing; (3) gradually cooling to 550-570 ℃, and adding a refining agent; (4) standing and removing slag; (5) keeping the temperature, and pouring a sample by using a preheated mould; the 6061 aluminum cast bar comprises the following components in parts by weight: si: 0.60-0.70 parts; cu: 0.32-0.36 part; mg: 1.00-1.10 parts; cr: 0.10-0.15 part; fe: <0.20 parts; mn: 0.07-0.10 part; zn: <0.25 parts; ti: 0.06-0.08 part; zr: 0.04-0.08 part; nb is 0.04-0.08; 0.012-0.016 parts of B; be: 0.02-0.06 part; and (C) Sc: 0.04-0.08 part; the balance being aluminum; the aluminum ingot comprises the following components: si, Cu, Mg, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn; the intermediate alloy is Zr-Nb alloy, Al-Ti-B alloy, Al-Be alloy and Al-Sc alloy.
3. A casting process of 6061 aluminum cast bar as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aging treatment: the obtained material is subjected to primary aging heat treatment at the temperature of 450-520 ℃ for 30-120 min.
4. A casting process of 6061 aluminum cast bar as claimed in claim 3, wherein: after the primary aging heat treatment, the material is cooled to room temperature by water or air, then secondary aging heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 2-8h, and then the material is cooled to room temperature by air, thus obtaining the finished product of the aluminum cast bar.
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