CN110628154A - Environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110628154A CN110628154A CN201910924965.2A CN201910924965A CN110628154A CN 110628154 A CN110628154 A CN 110628154A CN 201910924965 A CN201910924965 A CN 201910924965A CN 110628154 A CN110628154 A CN 110628154A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D19/00—Gloves
- A41D19/0055—Plastic or rubber gloves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/14—Gas barrier composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention relates to an environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove and a preparation method thereof, wherein the glove comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol modifier, 1-3 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of defoaming agent and 0.5-1.5 parts of release agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: modifying polyvinyl alcohol with modifier, ageing, heating in distilled water to dissolve, adding defoaming agent and demoulding agent, immersing hand mould in polyvinyl alcohol sol, baking, demoulding and shaping. The glove of the invention has the characteristics that: the appearance is transparent, the hand feeling is soft, and the coating has good solvent resistance, friction resistance, tensile strength and oxygen barrier property, and has the greatest characteristic of environmental friendliness. After the gloves are used, the gloves can be selectively recycled or naturally degraded after being buried, and finally converted into carbon dioxide and water, and under the condition of small using amount, the gloves can be dissolved by a certain amount of water at 70-95 ℃, so that the environment is not polluted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of disposable gloves, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing disposable gloves can be divided into PVC gloves, PE gloves, butyronitrile gloves and latex gloves according to the material. The PVC and PE plastic gloves are generally used in non-professional occasions, and have the advantages of low price, no elasticity of the plastic disposable gloves, and poor durability and suitability; latex gloves are generally used in professional occasions, such as operating rooms, laboratories and other places with higher requirements on sanitary conditions, have the advantages of certain elasticity and durability, have the disadvantages of animal grease corrosion resistance, and more importantly, have different degrees of allergy to latex by 2-17% of people according to statistics; besides the characteristics of latex gloves, the nitrile gloves can resist the corrosion of animal fat and do not generate allergy.
The disposable gloves made of traditional materials have mature process and perfect technology, but the defects are obvious, and the PE gloves are thin and easy to damage; the PVC gloves have a large plasticizer amount and are easy to release harmful gases when heated; butyronitrile gloves have poor elasticity; the latex gloves are easy to be allergic and the like. The glove materials made of PE and PVC must be molded in a molten state, so that the energy consumption is high; butyronitrile and latex gloves are complex in manufacturing process, three wastes are easily generated in the production process, and the gloves made of traditional materials have the biggest defects of being not environment-friendly and difficult to degrade.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove and a preparation method thereof, wherein degradable modified polyvinyl alcohol is used as a raw material, the process is easy to operate, nontoxic and environment-friendly, and the prepared glove has the greatest characteristics of good friction resistance, tensile strength, oxygen barrier property, solvent resistance, water resistance and environment friendliness.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
namely, the polyvinyl alcohol gloves are characterized in that the raw materials are as follows according to the mass ratio:
100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
8-20 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol modifier;
1-3 parts of a crosslinking agent;
0.5-1.5 parts of defoaming agent;
0.5-1.5 parts of release agent.
The polyvinyl alcohol is one or the mixture of more than two of powders with alcoholysis degree of 90-99%, polymerization degree of 1700-2600 and granularity of more than 60 meshes. The particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably, but not limited to, 60-150 mesh.
In the present invention, the polyvinyl alcohol used is preferably, but not limited to, polyvinyl alcohols 1792, 2092, 2492, 1793, 2493, 1795, 2095, 2495, 2097, 1799, 2099, 2499, 2699 and the like.
According to the invention, polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 95%, polymerization degree of 2400 and granularity of 80 meshes, namely polyvinyl alcohol 2495, is preferred, and gloves prepared by using polyvinyl alcohol 2495 as a raw material have the best water resistance.
The polyvinyl alcohol used in the invention has the greatest characteristic that a single variety of polyvinyl alcohol can be selected, and polyvinyl alcohols with different polymerization degrees and alcoholysis degrees can also be selected for mixed use. For example: polyvinyl alcohols with different polymerization degrees and the same alcoholysis degree, namely polyvinyl alcohol 1799 and polyvinyl alcohol 2499; polyvinyl alcohols with different alcoholysis degrees and the same polymerization degree are mixed for use, namely, the polyvinyl alcohol 1795 and the polyvinyl alcohol 1799; polyvinyl alcohols with different alcoholysis degrees and different polymerization degrees, namely polyvinyl alcohol 1795 and polyvinyl alcohol 2499. The weight fraction of each component is determined by the characteristics of the glove.
The polyvinyl alcohol as an organic polymer material has the characteristic of water solubility, which is a disadvantage of polyvinyl alcohol gloves in the process of preparing the gloves by using the polyvinyl alcohol as a material and limits the application range of the polyvinyl alcohol gloves.
The polyvinyl alcohol with higher alcoholysis degree is selected, the alcoholysis degree is more than 90%, the polyvinyl alcohol is poor in normal temperature water solubility after film forming, and the film can swell and break in a water environment higher than 40 ℃.
In the invention, the polyvinyl alcohol modifier is a self-made modifier, and has two schemes:
1) the polyvinyl alcohol modifier comprises two or more than two linear chain polyols of C3-C10, and is prepared under the catalysis of trace organic acid.
If two or more than two C3-C5 straight chain polyols are selected to prepare the polyvinyl alcohol modifier, the two or more than two can be combined in any mass ratio;
if C6-C10 linear chain polyol is selected, C3-C5 linear chain polyol is matched to prepare the polyvinyl alcohol modifier together, C3-C5 linear chain polyol is taken as the main component, C6-C10 linear chain polyol is taken as the auxiliary component, and the mass ratio of C3-C5 linear chain polyol to C6-C10 linear chain polyol is controlled to be 1.5: 1-3: 1, two or more kinds of C3-C5 linear polyol and C6-C10 linear polyol, and any mass ratio can be selected.
For example, the simple chemical equation for preparing polyvinyl alcohol modifier from diethylene glycol and glycerol:
2) the catalyst is prepared from one or more than one C3-C10 linear chain polyol and polyethylene glycol, wherein the mass ratio of the linear chain polyol to the polyethylene glycol is 1: 1-5: 1, and the catalyst is a trace amount of organic acid.
When more than one linear chain polyol of C3-C10 is selected, the mass ratio of different linear chain polyols is arbitrarily selected
For example, the simple chemical equation for preparing polyvinyl alcohol modifier from glycerol and PEG 400:
the polyvinyl alcohol modifier provided by the invention is prepared by mixing C3-C10 linear chain polyol and polyethylene glycol, and has a good polyvinyl alcohol modification effect. The polyhydric alcohol and the polyethylene glycol are matched for use, the polyhydric alcohol is used as a main component, the polyethylene glycol is used as an auxiliary component, and the mass ratio is preferably 3: 1.
the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol of the invention is PEG200-PEG 1500.
The C3-C10 linear polyol of the present invention preferably includes, but is not limited to, polyethylene glycol of low molecular weight, such as monoethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, pentanetriol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, etc.
The trace organic acid of the present invention is preferably, but not limited to, one of glutaric acid, succinic acid, and adipic acid.
The self-made polyvinyl alcohol modifier is characterized in that a certain number of effective hydrogen bonds are formed between polyols or between the polyols and the polyethylene glycol, and in the process of modifying the polyvinyl alcohol, redundant hydroxyl groups of the modifier and the polyvinyl alcohol form stable hydrogen bonds, so that the water resistance and plasticity of the polyvinyl alcohol are improved.
The cross-linking agent is polyacrylic acid substance, and the degree of polymerization is 500-1500. The polyacrylic acid substances are polymers with low viscosity, preferably low-molecular-weight acrylate polymers.
The carboxyl functional group of polyacrylic acid can improve the water resistance of polyvinyl alcohol and prolong the service life of the glove in high-temperature and humid and hot environments.
In the present invention, since polyvinyl alcohol has good emulsifying properties, a large number of bubbles are generated during the dissolution process, and the bubbles must be eliminated when the film is formed on a mold. The defoaming agent is mineral oil, natural oil defoaming agent or polyether defoaming agent. For example GPE type antifoam agents.
The release agent of the invention is nano-scale montmorillonite or talcum powder with more than 300 meshes. The inorganic release agent of montmorillonite or talcum powder has small granularity, is easy to wrap polyvinyl alcohol sol, can be uniformly dispersed in the polyvinyl alcohol sol, reduces the friction force between the glove and a mold, ensures that the glove is not excessively stretched and adhered, ensures the integrity of the glove, and avoids the damage of the selected liquid release agent to the skin, and the preferred release agent is 500-mesh sodium-based montmorillonite.
In the invention, distilled water is used as a solvent of polyvinyl alcohol, the mass ratio of the distilled water to the polyvinyl alcohol influences the viscosity of polyvinyl alcohol sol, the viscosity of the polyvinyl alcohol sol directly determines the thickness and the quality of the glove, and the mass ratio of the distilled water to the polyvinyl alcohol (after modification) is 5:1-10:1 according to different thicknesses of the produced glove.
A preparation method of environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of polyvinyl alcohol modifier
Accurately weighing C3-C10 linear chain polyol or C3-C10 linear chain polyol and polyethylene glycol according to the proportion, heating to 60 ℃, adding trace organic acid as a catalyst, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for about 2 hours, cooling, and discharging for later use;
in the manufacturing method, the proper polyvinyl alcohol modifier is prepared, which plays an important role in the characteristics of the finished product of the glove.
2) Modification of polyvinyl alcohol
Correctly weighing polyvinyl alcohol, mixing at high speed, heating, controlling the temperature to be 30-50 ℃, adding a polyvinyl alcohol modifier for 0.5-1 hour, heating to be above 60 ℃ after the addition is finished, stirring for 0.5 hour, adding a cross-linking agent and a release agent, controlling the temperature to be within 60-80 ℃, stirring for 0.5 hour, discharging and aging for 8-16 hours for later use;
aging is the resorption of the polyvinyl alcohol to the modifier, which acts to bridge the polyvinyl alcohol molecular chains, so the aging time is particularly important, preferably 12 hours.
The invention modifies polyvinyl alcohol, which is different from the traditional modifying method, the polyvinyl alcohol modifier is directly added under the high-speed stirring state of polyvinyl alcohol at a specific temperature without medium, the polyvinyl alcohol material generates a series of physical and chemical changes through contact and mixing, and finally, the effect of the series of changes is stabilized through aging, which is of great importance for the subsequent operation of the polyvinyl alcohol gloves.
The modification of polyvinyl alcohol by the polyvinyl alcohol modifier of the invention results in a chemical change, which is illustrated by the following equation for a possible chemical reaction:
3) preparation of polyvinyl alcohol Sol
Dissolving the aged polyvinyl alcohol in distilled water at a ratio of 5:1-10:1, heating to 75-90 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-4 hours, observing that sol is transparent and uniform, cooling to below 45 ℃, adding a defoaming agent, and discharging to a trough for later use;
4) manufacturing gloves
Soaking and cleaning the die, and drying the die at the temperature of not higher than 40 ℃ for later use;
uniformly coating the polyvinyl alcohol sol on a mould, controlling the temperature to be 75-95 ℃, demoulding after 10-20 minutes, and cutting edges to obtain a finished product.
The glove prepared by the invention has the advantages of transparent appearance, soft hand feeling, good solvent resistance, water resistance, friction resistance, tensile strength and oxygen barrier property, and the greatest advantages of water resistance and environmental friendliness.
After the gloves are used, the gloves can be selectively recycled and reused or naturally degraded after being buried according to the using condition and the using quantity, and finally converted into carbon dioxide and water, and under the condition of small using quantity, the gloves can be dissolved by a certain amount of water at 70-95 ℃, discharged into a sewage pipeline and enter a sewage pipeline network for treatment, so that the environment cannot be polluted.
The basic raw material polyvinyl alcohol and petrochemical byproducts are low in price and easy to obtain, the polyvinyl alcohol has high-temperature water solubility and degradability in a short time, can be recycled, does not cause white pollution compared with other glove raw materials, is more environment-friendly, and belongs to environment-friendly raw materials; the polyvinyl alcohol modifier and the defoaming agent used in the invention are water-soluble polyhydroxy auxiliaries, are nontoxic and environment-friendly, and other inorganic auxiliaries are also nontoxic and harmless.
The manufacturing method has simple process, easy operation and low energy consumption, is suitable for mass production and meets the social requirements on environment-friendly materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. But the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Mixing glycerol and diethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, heating to 60 ℃, adding a trace amount of glutaric acid as a catalyst, heating to 80 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling, and discharging for later use.
Accurately weighing 2495 g of polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the granularity of 2495 is 80 meshes, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a high-speed mixer, heating to 30 ℃, adding 16g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier for about 1 hour, heating to 70 ℃, adding 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with 500 polymerization degrees and 1g of 500-mesh sodium-based montmorillonite, keeping the temperature, stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 1g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 40 ℃, and then putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a trough, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating way, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is measured to have a double-layer thickness of about 150 microns after edge cutting, the weight of 6.5g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the hand feeling is soft, the elasticity and the water resistance are good, and the glove is not dissolved after being put into water at 67 ℃.
Example 2
Mixing diethylene glycol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, preparing a polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Accurately weighing 100g of polyvinyl alcohol 2495, wherein the granularity of the polyvinyl alcohol 2495 is 80 meshes, adding the polyvinyl alcohol 2495 into a high-speed mixer, blending, heating to 30 ℃, adding 8g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier, heating for about 1 hour, heating to 70 ℃, adding 1g of polyacrylic acid with the polymerization degree of 500 and 0.5g of 500-mesh sodium montmorillonite, keeping the temperature, stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 35 ℃, and putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a material tank, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating mode, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is cut edge, the thickness of the glove is measured to be about 120 micrometers in a double layer, the weight of the glove is 5.0g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the glove has good flexibility, certain elasticity and good water resistance, and the glove is placed in water at 60 ℃ and is not dissolved.
Example 3
Mixing glycerol, pentaerythritol and distilled water according to a mass ratio of 4: 1: 2 preparing the polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Accurately weighing 100g of polyvinyl alcohol 2495, wherein the granularity of the polyvinyl alcohol 2495 is 80 meshes, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a high-speed mixer, heating to 40 ℃, adding 20g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier (which is inconsistent with the mass ratio of the claims and is uniform), wherein the time is about 1 hour, heating to 75 ℃, adding 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with the polymerization degree of 500 and 1g of 500-mesh sodium-based montmorillonite, keeping the temperature and stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5 antifoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 40 ℃, and placing into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a material tank, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating mode, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is cut edge, the measured thickness of the glove is about 160 micrometers in a double-layer mode, the weight of the glove is 6.0g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the glove is soft in hand feeling and elastic, has certain stretch-resistant performance and good water resistance, and the glove is not dissolved in water at 62 ℃.
Example 4
Mixing glycerol, pentaerythritol and distilled water according to a mass ratio of 4: 1: 3 preparing the polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Accurately weighing 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 2495 and 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 1799, wherein the granularity of the two polyvinyl alcohols is 80 meshes, adding the two polyvinyl alcohols into a high-speed mixer for blending, heating to 40 ℃, adding 20g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier (which is inconsistent with the mass ratio of the claims and uniform), wherein the time is about 1 hour, heating to 75 ℃, adding 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with the polymerization degree of 500 and 1g of 500-mesh sodium-based montmorillonite, keeping the temperature and stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 35 ℃, and putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a trough, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating way, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is measured to have a double-layer thickness of about 130 micrometers after edge cutting, the weight of the glove is 5.7g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the hand feeling is soft, the glove has elasticity and good water resistance, and the glove is not dissolved in water at 60 ℃.
Example 5
Mixing glycerol and polyethylene glycol 200 according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, preparing a polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
50g of polyvinyl alcohol 2495 and 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 1793 are accurately weighed, the granularity of the two polyvinyl alcohols is 80 meshes, the two polyvinyl alcohols are added into a high-speed mixer for blending, the temperature is raised to 40 ℃, 15g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier is added for about 1 hour, the temperature is raised to 75 ℃, 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with 500 degree of polymerization and 1g of sodium montmorillonite with 500 meshes are added, the temperature is kept and the stirring is carried out for 0.5 hour, the temperature is lowered to 40 ℃, the materials are discharged, and the materials are aged for 12 hours and then used.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 35 ℃, and putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a trough, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating way, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is cut edge, the thickness of the glove is measured to be about 130 micrometers in a double layer, the weight is 5.5g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the glove is soft, elastic and good in water resistance, and the glove is not dissolved in water at 65 ℃.
Example 6
Mixing glycerol and polyethylene glycol 200 according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, preparing a polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Accurately weighing 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 2495 and 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 2095, wherein the granularity of the two polyvinyl alcohols is 80 meshes, adding the two polyvinyl alcohols into a high-speed mixer for blending, heating to 40 ℃, adding 8g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier for about 1 hour, heating to 75 ℃, adding 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with 500 degree of polymerization and 1g of 500-mesh sodium montmorillonite, keeping the temperature and stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 35 ℃, and putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a material tank, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating way, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is cut edge, the thickness of the glove is measured to be about 140 micrometers in a double layer, the weight is 5.9g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the glove has better flexibility, elasticity and water resistance, and the glove is not dissolved in water at 60 ℃.
Example 7
Mixing glycerol, pentaerythritol and distilled water according to a mass ratio of 4: 1: 3 preparing the polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Accurately weighing 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 2495 and 50g of polyvinyl alcohol 2093, wherein the granularity of the two polyvinyl alcohols is 80 meshes, adding the two polyvinyl alcohols into a high-speed mixer for blending, heating to 40 ℃, adding 20g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier (which is inconsistent with the mass ratio of the claims and uniform), wherein the time is about 1 hour, heating to 75 ℃, adding 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with 500 degree of polymerization and 1g of 500-mesh sodium montmorillonite, keeping the temperature and stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 35 ℃, and putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a trough, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating way, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is measured to have a double-layer thickness of about 140 micrometers after edge cutting, the weight of the glove is 5.8g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the glove has soft hand feeling, elasticity and good water resistance, and the glove is not dissolved in water at 63 ℃.
Example 8
Mixing diethylene glycol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, preparing a polyvinyl alcohol modifier. The process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Accurately weighing 2699 g of polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the granularity of the 2699 g of the polyvinyl alcohol is 80 meshes, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a high-speed mixer for blending, heating to 40 ℃, adding 15g of polyvinyl alcohol modifier for about 1 hour, heating to 80 ℃, adding 1.5g of polyacrylic acid with 500 polymerization degrees and 1g of 500-mesh sodium montmorillonite, keeping the temperature and stirring for 0.5 hour, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging, and aging for 12 hours for later use.
Accurately weighing 50g of aged polyvinyl alcohol, adding 350g of distilled water, stirring, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5g of defoaming agent GPE200, cooling to 45 ℃, and putting into a trough for later use.
The hand mold is put into a trough, is fully contacted, is taken out, is put on equipment to be dried in a rotating way, is demoulded after 15 minutes, and is measured to have a double-layer thickness of about 150 microns after edge cutting, the weight of 6.8g, the surface of the glove is smooth, the hand feeling is soft, the elasticity and the water resistance are good, and the glove is not dissolved in water at 65 ℃.
The above embodiments clearly embody the characteristics of the process of the present invention, that is, the plasticity of polyvinyl alcohol is increased and the water resistance of polyvinyl alcohol is improved by modifying polyvinyl alcohol, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the water resistance of polyvinyl alcohol gloves and widen the application range of polyvinyl alcohol gloves.
The present invention has been described in the above embodiments, but it is obvious that the embodiments are not so limited, and various changes and modifications can be made to the materials, production, and the like of gloves according to the specification, and therefore, such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves are characterized in that the raw materials are as follows according to the mass ratio:
100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
8-20 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol modifier;
1-3 parts of a crosslinking agent;
0.5-1.5 parts of defoaming agent;
0.5-1.5 parts of release agent.
2. The environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is one or a mixture of two or more of powders with alcoholysis degree of 90% -99%, polymerization degree of 1700-2600 and granularity of more than 60 meshes.
3. The environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of 2400, an alcoholysis degree of 95%, and a particle size of 80 mesh.
4. The environmentally friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove of claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol modifier comprises two or more linear polyols of C3-C10.
5. The environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol modifier comprises one or more than one C3-C10 linear chain polyol and one polyethylene glycol, and the mass ratio of the linear chain polyol to the polyethylene glycol is 1: 1-5: 1.
6. The environmentally friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove of claim 5, wherein the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 200-1500.
7. The environmentally friendly polyvinyl alcohol glove of claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent is polyacrylic acid, and the degree of polymerization is 500-1500.
8. The environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves according to claim 1, wherein the defoaming agent is mineral oil type, natural oil type defoaming agent or polyether type defoaming agent.
9. The environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves according to claim 1, wherein the release agent is nano-montmorillonite or talcum powder with a size of more than 300 meshes.
10. The preparation method of the environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of polyvinyl alcohol modifier
Accurately weighing C3-C10 linear chain polyol or C3-C10 linear chain polyol and polyethylene glycol according to the proportion, heating to 60 ℃, adding trace organic acid as a catalyst, heating to 80 ℃, keeping the temperature for about 2 hours, cooling, and discharging for later use;
2) modification of polyvinyl alcohol
Correctly weighing polyvinyl alcohol, mixing at high speed, heating, controlling the temperature to be between 30 and 50 ℃, adding a polyvinyl alcohol modifier for 0.5 to 1 hour, heating to be above 60 ℃ after the addition is finished, stirring for 0.5 hour, adding a cross-linking agent and a release agent, controlling the temperature to be within 60 to 80 ℃, stirring for 0.5 hour, discharging and aging for 8 to 16 hours for later use;
3) preparation of polyvinyl alcohol Sol
Dissolving the aged polyvinyl alcohol in distilled water at a ratio of 5:1-10:1, heating to 75-90 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-4 hours, observing that sol is transparent and uniform, cooling to below 50 ℃, adding a defoaming agent, and discharging to a trough for later use;
4) making polyvinyl alcohol gloves
Soaking and cleaning the die, and drying the die at the temperature of not higher than 40 ℃ for later use; uniformly coating the polyvinyl alcohol sol on a mould, controlling the temperature to be 75-95 ℃, demoulding after 10-20 minutes, and cutting edges to obtain a finished product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910924965.2A CN110628154A (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910924965.2A CN110628154A (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Environment-friendly polyvinyl alcohol gloves and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112126016A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-25 | 山东星宇手套有限公司 | Preparation method of three-layer PVA chemical-resistant gloves with linings |
| CN115028773A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-09 | 东南大学 | Instant film forming material and preparation method and application thereof |
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