CN110627803B - 一种新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及海洋生物及医药技术领域,具体涉及一种新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物及其应用。
背景技术
海洋蓝藻是一种具有广泛生物活性和复杂结构的海洋微生物群体,由于其生存环境的特殊性,能产生大量结构新颖、功能独特的活性物质。其中,海洋蓝藻毒素及抗肿瘤活性物质已成为海洋生物活性物质研究的重点。
产自海南三亚陵水港附近海域的蓝藻Lyngbya majuscula中含有多种Aplysiatoxin衍生物,由于Aplysiatoxin衍生物结构中存在着半缩醛,缩酮以及大环内酯等官能团,使其在弱酸或弱碱等条件下具有不稳定性,容易发生结构重排,产生不同骨架衍生物,目前已经从该属蓝藻中分离得到了一些具有不同类型结构且生物物活性良好的Aplysiatoxin衍生物。Aplysiatoxin衍生物具有多种生物活性:促瘤活性、抗病毒活性和抗增殖活性等。近期,在海洋蓝藻的天然产物研究中发现了一系列具有抑制电压门控钾离子通道Kv1.5电流的Aplysiatoxin衍生物,由于该通道电流仅在人心房肌中表达,是房颤精准治疗极有前景的作用靶标。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物,有望为发现和研究房颤治疗的创新型海洋候选药物提供先导化合物。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:一种新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物,该衍生物具有如式(I)或式(II)所示的化学结构:
所述新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物是蓝藻Lyngbya majuscula中的提取物。
本发明所要解决的另一个技术问题是提供一种上述新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
⑴粗提物制备:将干燥的蓝藻Lyngbya majuscula粉碎后,采用有机溶剂A渗漉法进行提取得提取液,提取液浓缩后得浸膏,所得浸膏采用低级醇溶解后,再用有机溶剂B进行萃取,萃取液浓缩后得粗提物;
⑵分离:将步骤⑴中得到的粗提物经正向减压硅胶柱色谱VLC分离,洗脱后得到流分样品;
⑶纯化:将步骤⑵中得到的流分样品进行反相柱层析得到具有式(Ⅰ)结构的新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物。
所述步骤⑴中的有机溶剂A为二氯甲烷和甲醇的混合溶液,体积比为二氯甲烷:甲醇=2:1-1:1,V/V,所述步骤⑴中的有机溶剂A渗漉法进行提取的次数为至少一次,所述步骤⑴中的有机溶剂B为二氯甲烷,所述有机溶剂B萃取的次数为至少一次。
所述步骤⑴中的低级醇为甲醇,所述甲醇体积浓度为60%-70%,V/V。
所述步骤⑵中正向减压硅胶柱色谱VLC所用正向硅胶为200-300目;所述步骤⑵中的洗脱方式为梯度洗脱,先用体积比分别为5:1,2:1,1:1,1:2,1:5,0:1,V/V的石油醚与乙酸乙酯的混合液逐步洗脱,最后用纯甲醇洗脱。
所述步骤⑶中的反相柱层析所采用的反相层析柱为Interchim Ruriflash 450系统,所述反相柱层析所使用的洗脱溶剂为乙腈的水溶液,所述乙腈的水溶液中乙腈与水的体积比为10:90-100:0。
本发明所要解决的进一步的技术问题是提供一种上述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物在制备钾离子通道Kv1.5抑制剂中的应用。
本发明所要解决的更进一步的技术问题是提供一种上述新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗与Kv1.5离子通道相关病况或疾病的药物组合物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于提供了一种6/6/5新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物及其医药用途,为开发利用我国海洋药用资源提供了科学依据。目前已报道的Aplysiatoxin衍生物中,化合物骨架包括含3,4-二羟基戊酸双内酯环的ABC三环结构(6/12/6、6/10/6)、变构的ABC三环(6/6/6)、单氧螺环的双环结构及开环结构等,本发明提供的Aplysiatoxin衍生物为新骨架结构的ABC三环(6/6/5)结构,新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物具有Kv1.5通道电流的强抑制作用,阻断活性显著,有望为研究和开发新的Kv1.5离子通道阻断药物提供新的先导化合物。
附图说明
图1为本发明提取物中具有式(I)化学结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物浓度与Kv1.5电流阻断百分比的曲线图;
图2为本发明提取物中具有式(II)化学结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物浓度与Kv1.5电流阻断百分比的曲线图。
上述图中,横坐标表示Aplysiatoxin衍生物的浓度,纵坐标表示对Kv1.5电流的阻断百分比。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。以下实施例是在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
本发明的实施例所用的蓝藻Lyngbya majuscula于2016年11月采自海南三亚陵水港附近海域,由浙江理工大学韩兵男教授团队鉴定,样本保存在浙江理工大学。
下述实施例中涉及的术语:
HEPES为4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸;
glucose为葡萄糖;
DMSO为二甲基亚砜;
hERG为人类ether-a-go-go相关基因;
HEK293细胞为人胚肾细胞;
EGTA为乙二醇双(2-氨基乙基醚)四乙酸;
4-AP为4-氨基吡啶;
KAspartate为天冬氨酸钾盐;
Tris-ATP为腺苷三磷酸-三羟甲基氨基甲烷;
Cs-Aspartic acid为天冬氨酸铯盐;
HRESIMS为高分辨电喷雾电离质谱。
实施例1制备本发明化合物
1、制备二氯甲烷粗提物
将150g(干重)经过冷冻干燥的蓝藻Lyngbya majuscula剪碎,用1L二氯甲烷:甲醇(2:1,V/V)渗漉提取5次,合并提取液,提取液经减压浓缩得浸膏,将浸膏用60%,V/V甲醇水混悬,用二氯甲烷萃取3次,浓缩萃取液得到二氯甲烷粗提物20g;
2、分离纯化
1)分离纯化:将二氯甲烷粗提物经正向减压硅胶(200-300目)柱色谱VLC,先采用石油醚:乙酸乙酯系统=5:1,2:1,1:1,1:2,1:5,0:1,V/V洗脱,最后用纯甲醇为溶剂进行梯度洗脱,根据TLC薄层层析用硫酸香草醛显色分析,展开剂选用二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1,根据化合物极性不一样,层析板上显现出的点及颜色分布不同,合并相似流分,得到7个组分Fr.A–G;其中Fr.D组分是上述VLC中石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:2中的洗脱液,极性中等,通过做细胞毒实验,筛选出Fr.D有细胞毒活性。
2)对组分Fr.D进行反相ODS柱色谱,条件为乙腈与水的体积比为10:90-100:0,流速25mL/min,根据TLC薄层层析用硫酸香草醛显色分析,展开剂选用二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1,根据化合物极性不一样,层析板上显现出的点及颜色分布不同,合并相似流分,得到21个组分Fr.D1–D21。
3)对组分Fr.D12、Fr.D13组分经半制备型HPLC[Prep C18(10mm x250mm,5μm)](45.0%、42%乙腈/水,流速8mL/min,检测波长为190nm,保留时间为40.2、30.0分钟),得到式(I)、式(II)化合物。
3、结构鉴定
本发明式(I)化合物:白色固体,分子式为C27H36O6,HRESIMS m/z 457.2589[M+H]+(calcd for 457.2590)。1H and 13C NMR核磁共振谱数据见表1。式(II)化合物:白色固体,分子式为C27H36O6,HRESIMS m/z 457.2579[M+H]+(calcd for 457.2590)。1H and 13C NMR核磁共振谱数据见表2。
表1化合物I的1H和13C NMR数据(600MHz和150MHz,in CDCl3)
表2化合物II的1H和13C NMR数据(600MHz和150MHz,in CDCl3)
上表中,δH为氢的化学位移,J为耦合常数,s代表单峰,m代表多重峰,,d代表双峰,t代表三重峰,dd代表双二重峰,dt双三重峰,δC为碳的化学位移,qC代表季碳,CH代表叔碳,CH2代表仲碳,CH3代表伯碳。
实施例2本发明化合物的体外离子通道影响实验:
对本发明具有式(I)、式(II)化学结构的新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物进行体外离子通道影响的实验,所用材料为:hERG离子通道稳态表达的HEK293细胞,Kir2.1离子通道稳态表达的HEK293细胞,Nav1.5离子通道稳态表达的HEK293细胞,Nav1.8离子通道稳态表达的HEK293细胞,Kv1.5离子通道稳定地表达在CHO细胞,Nav1.7离子通道稳定地表达在CHO细胞。这些材料均购自Sigma(St.Louis,MO)公司。
1、实验原理
hERG,Kir2.1,Nav1.5,Nav1.8离子通道稳定地表达在HEK293细胞上。Kv1.5,Nav1.7离子通道稳定地表达在CHO细胞上,电流稳定后,比较不同化合物浓度应用前后电流的大小,可以得到化合物对离子通道的影响。
2、实验仪器
膜片钳仪器:PC2C
微操控仪器:MP-225
拉制电极仪器:PC-10(Narishige,Japan)
3、药物配制
测试所需化合物除用于酸碱滴定的NaOH和KOH外,均从Sigma(St.Louis,MO)公司购买。式(I)、式(II)化学结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物的最终浓度均在当天配制,再溶于细胞外液。细胞外液(mM)为:NaCl,137;KCl,4;CaCl2,1.8;MgCl2,1;HEPES,10;glucose 10;pH7.4(NaOH滴定)。所有测试化合物和对照化合物溶液均含0.3%DMSO。
4、实验方法
①细胞:所有实验都在室温下进行,每个细胞都以自身为对照。
②式(I)、式(II)化学结构的新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物的测试:待测化合物均采用利用自身重力的灌流系统进行灌流。在电流稳定(或5分钟)后,再比较式(I)、式(II)化学结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物使用前后的电流大小变化来计算阻断作用。
③阳性对照:阳性对照浓度选择是根据它对细胞敏感性测试,阻断率90%左右的浓度为阳性对照最佳浓度。经测试4-AP(购自Sigma(St.Louis,MO)公司)为1000μM时,阻断率为90%左右,故阳性对照4-AP定为1000μM。方法和测试化合物一样。
④电生理:将细胞转移到灌流槽中,用细胞外液进行灌流。KASP细胞内液(mM)为:KAspartate,130;MgCl2,5;EGTA,5;HEPES,10;Tris-ATP 4;pH 7.2(KOH滴定)。CsASP细胞内液(mM)为:Cs-Aspartic acid,130;MgCl2,5;EGTA 5;HEPES,10;Tris-ATP 4;pH 7.2(CsOH滴定)。细胞内液分批少量储存于-80度冰箱,实验当天融化。电极用PC-10(Narishige,Japan)拉制。全细胞膜片钳记录,噪音用采样频率的五分之一进行过滤。
⑤IC50值采用origin8软件通过阻断率拟合得到的。
5、实验结果
相关实验数据见表3-表5,图1-图2。
表3:式(I)化学结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物对Kv1.5电流的阻断效应
N/A表示:没有测定。
表4:式(II)化学结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物对Kv1.5电流的阻断效应
表5:阳性对照(4-AP)对Kv1.5电流的阻断效应
从实验数据可以看出,式(I)、式(II)化学结构的新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物对Kv1.5离子通道的阻断作用IC50分别为1.22±0.22μM和2.85±0.29μM。IC50值可以用来衡量药物诱导凋亡的能力,IC50的数值越低,说明药物诱导能力越强。Kv1.5通道是IKur电流的分子基础,此电流参与心房肌动作电位复极化(APD)过程,而未发现在心室肌中发挥作用。因此阻断IKur电流,治疗房颤的同时不会引起室性心律失常等副作用。本发明中的两个新骨架Aplysiatoxin,由于其对Kv1.5通道的强特异性抑制作用,极有可能成为未来心房颤动治疗的新型主导药物。
Claims (7)
2.权利要求1所述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
⑴粗提物制备:将干燥的蓝藻Lyngbya majuscula粉碎后,采用有机溶剂A渗漉法进行提取得提取液,提取液浓缩后得浸膏,所得浸膏采用甲醇溶解后,再用有机溶剂B进行萃取,萃取液浓缩后得粗提物;
⑵分离:将步骤⑴中得到的粗提物经正向减压硅胶柱色谱分离,洗脱后得到流分样品;
⑶纯化:将步骤⑵中得到的流分样品进行反相柱层析得到具有式(Ⅰ)和式(II)结构的新骨架Aplysiatoxin衍生物;
所述步骤⑴中的有机溶剂A为二氯甲烷和甲醇的混合溶液,体积比为二氯甲烷:甲醇=2:1-1:1,V/V,所述步骤⑴中的有机溶剂A渗漉法进行提取的次数为至少一次,所述步骤⑴中的有机溶剂B为二氯甲烷,所述有机溶剂B萃取的次数为至少一次。
3.如权利要求2所述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤⑴中溶解浸膏采用的甲醇体积浓度为60%-70%,V/V。
4.如权利要求2所述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤⑵中正向减压硅胶柱色谱所用正向硅胶为200-300目;所述步骤⑵中的洗脱方式为梯度洗脱,先用体积比分别为5:1,2:1,1:1,1:2,1:5,0:1,V/V的石油醚与乙酸乙酯的混合液逐步洗脱,最后用纯甲醇洗脱。
5.如权利要求2所述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤⑶中的反相柱层析所采用的反相层析柱为Interchim Ruriflash 450系统,所述反相柱层析所使用的洗脱溶剂为乙腈的水溶液,所述乙腈的水溶液中乙腈与水的体积比为10:90-100:0。
6.权利要求1所述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物在制备钾离子通道Kv1.5抑制剂中的应用。
7.权利要求1所述的新骨架结构的Aplysiatoxin衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗与Kv1.5离子通道相关病况或疾病的药物组合物中的应用。
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