CN110627442B - Fiber grid reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber grid reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
A fiber grid reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of fiber grid reinforced cement-based composite material product engineering application. The well lid adopts the composite structure of cement-based composite material and fiber grids, wherein the grids of bidirectional carbon fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber and the like are used as the stress bar material, and the high-strength high-ductility hybrid fiber cement-based composite material is used as a substrate. The fiber grids are arranged at the bottom of the well cover in a multi-layer mode, and the protective layer is 2-4 mm. The well cover is provided with 6 dispersing ribs along the radial direction and arranged at equal angles; 1 rib ring is arranged in the circumferential direction and is positioned 400mm away from the center of the well cover; each dispersive rib and the inner center of the circumferential rib are provided with 1 carbon fiber rib with the diameter of 12-16 mm. And after the well cover is manufactured, maintaining the well cover in steam of 85 ℃ for 55-80 h. The vehicle fatigue load resistance and the impact load resistance of the well cover are respectively improved by 341 percent and 284 percent compared with those of a cast iron well cover.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and a material of a fiber grid reinforced concrete electric power tunnel inspection well cover, belonging to the technical field of fiber grid reinforced cement-based composite material product engineering application.
Technical Field
In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization and urban communities in China, electric power tunnels are increasing day by day. Due to long-term use, underground pipelines such as power tunnels are aged or seriously damaged, thereby endangering normal use and power supply of the pipelines, and the regular inspection and repair of the pipelines are increasingly important. The inspection well is used as an important component of an underground pipeline, and is influenced by multiple adverse factors such as road traffic load, water seepage and theft for a long time, so that serious problems such as damage and loss occur. Once the inspection well is damaged, the normal use of the pipeline can be seriously influenced, and the inspection and maintenance work of the pipeline is influenced. Therefore, the development of a novel inspection well cover preparation technology and a novel anti-theft material is urgently needed.
The traditional cast iron well lid has the serious problems of easy theft, large brittleness, easy damage and the like. In order to improve the service performance and long-term durability of the manhole cover of the electric power tunnel inspection well and prevent the manhole cover from being stolen, the technology and the material for preparing the manhole cover by using the fiber mesh reinforced cement-based composite material are developed through tests and outdoor verification.
The fiber mesh reinforced cement-based composite material has remarkable advantages in preparing the well cover. The fiber mesh reinforced cement-based composite material well lid has the remarkable advantages of theft prevention, corrosion resistance, light weight, high strength, high durability, simple production process and the like, and the fiber mesh strength is 7-10 times that of common reinforcing steel bars. The cement-based composite material permeates among the fiber yarns of the fiber grids, and the cement-based composite material is embedded into the holes of the fiber grids, so that a stressed whole is formed, and the load can be jointly born in multiple directions. The fiber mesh reinforced cement-based composite material well lid has remarkable advantages in the aspects of improving corrosion resistance, improving vehicle fatigue load and impact load, and is incomparable with cast iron well lids.
Disclosure of Invention
A fiber grid reinforced short fiber cement-based composite material for preparing a well cover of an electric power tunnel inspection well and a well cover preparation technology are provided.
A fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover is characterized in that the manhole cover is of a composite structure of a cement-based composite material and fiber meshes, a plurality of layers of fiber meshes are distributed in the manhole cover from the bottom of the manhole cover upwards layer by layer in parallel, a cementing material in the cement-based composite material permeates among fiber filaments of the fiber meshes, and the cement-based composite material is embedded into holes of the fiber meshes to form a stressed whole;
the fiber grids are made of one of bidirectional carbon fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber, basalt fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and high-modulus polyethylene fiber, or two or three of the bidirectional carbon fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber, basalt fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and high-modulus polyethylene fiber are mixed;
the fiber mesh adopts fiber bundles, the pitch of holes is 2-5mm, and the width or diameter of the fiber bundles is 3-6 mm.
The distance between the bottommost fiber mesh and the bottom is 2-4mm, and the cement-based composite material with the thickness of 2-4mm at the bottommost part is used as a protective layer of the fiber mesh; from the first layer of fiber grids at the bottom to the top, the distance between two adjacent layers of fiber grids is gradually reduced, and the distance interval between the last two layers is 1 mm.
The number of layers of the fiber mesh is 3-4, the fiber mesh layer is parallel to the bottom surface, and the fiber mesh is tensioned and laid flat.
The raw materials of the cement-based composite material comprise a cementing material, hybrid short fibers, aggregate, a water reducing agent, water and carbon nano tubes.
The mixed short fiber is one or two or three of carbon fiber, coarse polyvinyl alcohol fiber, coarse alkali-resistant glass fiber, basalt fiber, coarse high-modulus polyethylene fiber and galvanized high-strength fine steel fiber; the length of the mixed short fiber is 8-25 mm; wherein the total amount of short synthetic fiber and inorganic fiberIs 13-19kg/m3Wherein the thickness is equal to or larger than 1.0 mm; the diameter of the galvanized high-strength fine steel fiber is 1.0-1.12mm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2850MPa, and the dosage is 119-3。
And (3) cementing materials: the cement is selected from Portland cement P.II 52.5, and the using amount is 60-70% of the total gelled material; the using amount of the silica fume is 10-15% of the total mass of the cementing material; the using amount of the I-grade fly ash is 10 percent of the mass of the total cementing material; the using amount of the mineral powder S95 is 10-15% of the total mass of the cementing material.
The consumption of the carbon nano tube is 1.0-1.4% of the mass of the cement material.
The aggregate is quartz sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3-2.7, and the ratio of the rubber to the sand is 1.1-1.0.
The water-to-gel ratio of the cement-based composite material is 0.13-0.16.
The mass of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 0.1-0.2% of that of the cement.
The upper surface of the well lid is radially provided with 6 scattered radioactive ribs which are arranged at equal angles; the ribs are rectangular in cross section, and the cross section area of the ribs gradually decreases from the center of the well cover to the outside according to a linear rule; the hoop sets up 1 uniform cross-section's hoop rib circle, arranges in the department of 400mm apart from well lid center. Each dispersive rib and each annular rib are preferably provided with 1 carbon fiber rib with the diameter of 12-16mm at the center.
The 28d compressive strength of the high-strength high-ductility hybrid fiber cement composite material is C130-170, the flexural strength is 31.4-56.1MPa, and the flexural toughness is f0.5Is 5.4-7.1MPa, f1.03.5-4.9MPa, and T20 is 39.8-59.4 joules. The fatigue load and impact load resistance of the vehicle are respectively improved by 341 percent and 284 percent compared with the fatigue load and impact load of the cast iron manhole cover.
The well lid preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly pouring a cement-based composite material protective layer with the thickness of 2-4mm at the bottom of the mould, tightly attaching a fiber grid to a cement-based composite material base layer, pouring the cement-based composite material with the thickness of 1.5-2.0mm on the fiber grid, then laying a fiber grid layer 1, and pouring the cement-based composite material with the thickness of 1.0-1.5mm on the fiber grid; by analogy, the number of layers of the laid fiber grids is up to the number of layers meeting the design requirement; the thickness of the cement-based composite material between the fiber grid layers is gradually reduced from bottom to top; and after the well cover is manufactured, maintaining the well cover in steam of 85 ℃ for 55-80 h.
The bidirectional fiber grids can be carbon fiber grids, alkali-resistant glass fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, basalt fibers, high-modulus polyethylene fibers, aramid fiber grids and the like, and a layer of carbon fiber grids and a layer of basalt fiber grids can be mixed and laid.
The radioactive and circumferential ribs are: the cement-based composite material is adopted for pouring.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with cast iron well covers, the cement-based composite well cover has the advantages of theft prevention, high density, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, strong hardness, large bearing load and the like. The cement-based composite material and the fiber mesh are completely anti-corrosive, have acid resistance, alkali resistance, salt corrosion resistance and no rust, and are suitable for being used under various severe environmental conditions; the high-performance cement-based composite material utilizes industrial waste materials such as fly ash and mineral powder, changes waste into valuable, and has obvious environmental protection benefit; different from cast iron, the automobile rolling machine has no harsh impact sound during automobile rolling, and obviously reduces noise pollution; the cement-based composite material is used, so that iron ore resources are saved; and the price of the cement-based composite material well cover and the cast iron well cover is only 60-65% of that of the cast iron well cover under the condition of the same performance.
Once the fiber mesh reinforced cement-based composite material is formed, the recovery value is absolutely not available, the internal fiber mesh is firmly bonded with the cement-based material, the fiber mesh cannot be removed again, the anti-theft effect is realized naturally, the stealing behavior is fundamentally eliminated, the defect that a plurality of safety accidents are caused by frequent stealing of the cast iron well lid is overcome, and great convenience is brought to municipal administration departments.
In addition, the plasticity of the cement composite material is strong, the design appearance, the pattern and the colorability are strong according to the aesthetic requirement, the color transformation is rich, and the color can be coordinated with the color of the peripheral terrace and the material of the terrace.
The fiber reinforced cement-based composite material has 28d compressive strength of C130-160, breaking strength of 31.4-56.1MPa and bending toughness of f0.5Is 5.4-7.1MPa, f1.0Is 3.5-4.9MPa, and T20 is 39.8-59.4 joules. The ultimate tensile strain of the cement composite material is 114.5 to 128.9 times that of common concrete.
The fiber mesh reinforced cement-based composite material has long service life, and the vehicle fatigue resistance load is 480 ten thousand times which is improved by 341 percent compared with a cast iron well cover; the impact load times are improved by 284-381% compared with the cast iron well lid, the service life can reach more than thirty years, and the cast iron well lid is an ideal substitute for the cast iron well lid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1.
The carbon fiber grid strengthens the high-strength, high-ductility fiber concrete well cover. The pitch of the bidirectional carbon fiber grids is 8mm, the width of the fiber bundle is 4.6mm, and the bearable tension of the grids is 300 kN/m. 3 layers of carbon fiber grids, 3mm of concrete protective layer, 920mm of diameter of the outermost edge of the round well lid, and 90mm of supporting length of the edge of the well lid. The thickness of the outer edge of the well cover is 50mm, the thickness of the inner center of the well cover is 100mm, namely the thickness of the well cover is linearly increased from the outside to the inner center of the well cover; the ribs are rectangular in cross section, the cross section of each rib linearly increases from outside to inside, the cross section size at the outermost position is 40-40 mm, and the cross section size at the innermost center is 60-60 mm. The number of the circumferential ribs is 1, the cross section size is 45mm, and the center of each rib is 380mm away from the center of the plate. The cement is selected from Portland cement P.II 52.5, and the using amount of the cement is 65 percent of the total gelled material; the using amount of the silica fume is 15 percent of the total gelled material; the using amount of the I-grade fly ash is 10 percent of the total gelled material; the using amount of the mineral powder S95 is 10 percent of the total gelled material. The consumption of the carbon nano tube is 1.2 percent of the cement material. The water-to-glue ratio was 0.135. The fineness modulus of the quartz sand is 2.7. The glue-sand ratio is 1.0. The mass of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 0.2 percent of that of the cement. Polyvinyl alcohol fiber with diameter of 1.0mm in the mixed short fiber is 7.5kg/m36.5kg/m of polyolefin fibers with a diameter of 1.2mm3The length of the hybrid fiber is 8-20 mm. Each dispersing rib and each circumferential rib are internally provided with 1 carbon fiber rib with the diameter of 16 mm. Bending toughness f of hybrid fiber reinforced cement-based composite material0.5Is 6.9MPa, f1.04.8MPa, T20 was 51.4 joules. Outermost diameter of well cover 920 mm. Can bear the concentrated force 410kN at the center. The fatigue load resisting service life of the vehicle and the times of impact load resistance are respectively improved by 301 percent and 280 percent compared with the cast iron manhole cover.
Example 2.
The alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh reinforced high-strength and high-ductility fiber cement-based composite material well lid. The hole pitch of the bidirectional alkali-resistant glass fiber grids is 6mm, the width of the fiber bundle is 5mm, and the bearable tension of the grids is 150 kN/m. 4 alkali-resisting glass fiber net in layer, concrete protective layer 3mm, the most outside diameter 920mm of circle well lid, well lid border support length 90 mm. The thickness of the outer edge of the well cover is 55mm, the thickness of the inner center of the well cover is 110mm, and the thickness of the well cover is increased from the outside to the inner center according to a linear rule; 6 dispersivity ribs are provided, the ribs are rectangular in cross section, the cross section is increased from outside to inside according to a linear rule, the cross section size at the outermost position is 45-45 mm, and the cross section size at the innermost center is 65-65 mm. The number of the circumferential ribs is 1, the cross section size is 50mm, and the center of each rib is 380mm away from the center of the plate. Each of the dispersing ribs and the circumferential ribs was provided with 1 carbon fiber rib having a diameter of 14 mm. The cement is selected from Portland cement P.II 52.5, and the using amount of the cement is 60 percent of the total gelled material; the using amount of the silica fume is 20 percent of the total gelled material; the dosage of the class I fly ash is 10 percent of the total gelled material, and the dosage of the mineral powder S95 is 10 percent of the total gelled material. The consumption of the carbon nano tube is 2.0 percent of the cement material. The water-to-glue ratio was 0.13. The fineness modulus of the quartz sand is 2.65. The glue-sand ratio is 1.1. The mass of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is 0.2 percent of the mass of the cement, and the mass of the carbon nano tube is 1.2 percent of the mass of the cement. In the hybrid short fiber: polyethylene fiber with diameter of 1.0mm 7.5kg/m36.5kg/m of polyvinyl alcohol fiber with the diameter of 1.0mm3The length of the hybrid fiber is 8-20 mm. Bending toughness f of hybrid fiber reinforced cement-based composite material0.5Is 5.8MPa, f1.04.5MPa, T20 was 49.7 joules. The outermost diameter of the well lid is 920 mm. Can withstand the concentrated force 412kN at the center. The service life of the well cover for resisting the fatigue load of the vehicle and the times of resisting the impact load are respectively improved by 291% and 276% compared with the cast iron well cover.
Claims (8)
1. A fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover is characterized in that the manhole cover is of a composite structure of a cement-based composite material and fiber meshes, a plurality of layers of fiber meshes are distributed in the manhole cover in parallel from the bottom of the manhole cover upwards layer by layer, the cement-based composite material permeates among fiber filaments of the fiber meshes, and the cement-based composite material is embedded into holes of the fiber meshes to form a stress whole; the upper surface of the well lid is radially provided with 6 scattered radioactive ribs, 1 annular rib ring with the same cross section is annularly arranged, and 1 carbon fiber rib with the diameter of 12-16mm is correspondingly arranged at the center of the inner part of each scattered rib and each annular rib;
the fiber mesh adopts fiber bundles, the pitch of the holes is 3-10mm, and the width or the diameter of the fiber bundles is 3-6 mm;
the raw materials of the cement-based composite material comprise a cementing material, hybrid short fibers, aggregate, a water reducing agent, water and carbon nano tubes;
the hybrid short fiber is mixed with two or three of carbon fiber, coarse polyvinyl alcohol fiber, coarse alkali-resistant glass fiber, basalt fiber, coarse high-modulus polyethylene fiber and galvanized high-strength fine steel fiber, and the length of the hybrid short fiber is 8-25 mm; wherein the total dosage of short synthetic fiber and inorganic fiber is 13-19kg/m3Wherein the thickness is equal to or larger than 1.0 mm; the diameter of the galvanized high-strength fine steel fiber is 1.0-1.12mm, and the dosage is 119-3；
And (3) cementing materials: the cement is selected from Portland cement P.II 52.5, and the using amount is 60-70% of the total gelled material; the using amount of the silica fume is 10-15% of the total mass of the cementing material; the using amount of the I-grade fly ash is 10 percent of the mass of the total cementing material; the using amount of the mineral powder S95 is 10-15% of the total gelled material;
the using amount of the carbon nano tube is 1.0-1.4% of the mass of the cement material; the aggregate is quartz sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3-2.7, and the ratio of the rubber to the sand is 1.1-1.0; the water-to-gel ratio of the cement-based composite material is 0.13-0.16; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent which accounts for 0.1-0.2% of the mass of the cement.
2. The fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover according to claim 1, wherein the number of fiber mesh layers is 3-4, the fiber mesh layers are parallel to the bottom surface, and the fiber mesh is tensioned and laid flat.
3. The manhole cover of claim 1, wherein the fiber mesh is made of one of bi-directional carbon fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber, basalt fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and high-modulus polyethylene fiber, or a mixture of two or three of them.
4. The fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high strength and high ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the bottommost fiber mesh to the bottom of the cover plate is 2-4mm, and the cement-based composite material with the thickness of 2-4mm at the bottommost part is used as a protective layer of the fiber mesh; from the first layer of fiber grids at the bottom to the top, the distance between two adjacent layers of fiber grids is gradually reduced, and the distance interval between the last two layers is 1 mm.
5. The fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover according to claim 1, wherein the tensile strength of the galvanized high-strength micro steel fiber is equal to or greater than 2850 MPa.
6. The fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high-strength and high-ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength and high-ductility hybrid fiber cement composite material used has a 28d compressive strength of C130-170, a flexural strength of 31.4-56.1MPa, and a flexural toughness of f0.5Is 5.4-7.1MPa, f1.03.5-4.9MPa, and T20 is 39.8-59.4 joules.
7. The fiber mesh reinforced hybrid fiber high strength and high ductility cement-based composite material manhole cover according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the cover has 6 radially dispersed radioactive ribs arranged at equal angles; the ribs are rectangular in cross section, and the cross section area of the ribs gradually decreases from the center of the well cover to the outside; 1 annular rib ring with equal cross section is arranged in the annular direction and is arranged at a position 400mm away from the center of the well lid; each dispersive rib and each annular rib are preferably provided with 1 carbon fiber rib with the diameter of 12-16mm at the center.
8. The process for preparing a manhole cover according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a cement-based composite protective layer of 2 to 4mm is poured on the bottom of the mold, the fiber mesh is tightly attached to the cement-based composite substrate, the cement-based composite is poured on the fiber mesh for 1.5 to 2.0mm, then the fiber mesh for 1 layer is laid, and the cement-based composite is poured on the fiber mesh for 1.0 to 1.5 mm; by analogy, the number of layers of the laid fiber grids is up to the number of layers meeting the design requirement; the thickness of the cement-based composite material between the fiber grid layers is gradually reduced from bottom to top; and after the well cover is manufactured, curing for 55-80h in steam at 85 ℃.
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| CN112876164A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-01 | 黑龙江省宝泉岭农垦宝泉水泥有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength cement |
| CN114057456B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-03-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Multi-scale reinforced light high-ductility cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114907077A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-16 | 浙江建设职业技术学院 | Fiber woven mesh reinforced nanometer cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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