Anti-skew device and method for screw locking machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of screw locking equipment, in particular to an anti-deflection device and an anti-deflection method for a screw locking machine.
Background
The prior screw locking device is installed on a three-shaft manipulator by an electric screwdriver, and the electric screwdriver generally comprises a screwdriver body and a screwdriver rotating shaft rotatably connected to the end part of the screwdriver body. The three-axis manipulator drives the electric screwdriver to move above a material taking position of the screw, and the screw is sucked into the electric screwdriver from the material taking position; then the triaxial manipulator drives the screwdriver to move and wait to drive into the screw to the top of screw hole, then the screwdriver operation goes on paying the lock to the screw.
However, for the arrangement of the existing three-axis manipulator for the material taking position and the position above the screw hole, an operator generally directly inputs coordinate axes of the material taking position and the screw hole into a controller, or the operator moves the three-axis manipulator to the position above the material taking position and the screw hole through a hand controller and then records the coordinate axes into the controller; however, in this process, the alignment is usually performed by the human eye of the operator, so that the coordinates of the input material taking position and the screw hole are usually slightly deviated. When the coordinate deviation between the material taking position and the input controller is too large, the screw can be obliquely moved out of the material taking position, and even the screw can be clamped and fixed at the material taking position and can not be moved out; when the deviation between the screw hole position and the coordinate of the input controller is too large, the screw may be obliquely driven into the screw hole, and even the original piece may be damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is a first object of the present invention to provide an anti-skew apparatus for a screw locking machine, which has the advantages of detecting whether a screw is skewed to prevent the screw from skewing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the anti-deflection device of the screw locking machine comprises a sleeve fixed on the outer side wall of one side of a batch body facing a batch rotating shaft, wherein at least two top plates sliding along the axial direction of the outer wall of the batch body and an elastic piece driving the top plates to slide to one side of the batch rotating shaft are distributed on the sleeve along the circumferential direction; the bottom of the top plate is provided with a butting triggering part for butting and driving the top plate to slide towards one side far away from the batch rotating shaft; the top of roof is provided with the butt in the spacing portion of butt that adjacent roof top end face moved up in order to restrict adjacent roof, the roof top is provided with the distance sensor who detects the roof in sleeve position of sliding.
By adopting the technical scheme, the main reason that the screw is driven to be inclined is that the screw is not completely opposite to the screw hole, and deviation exists. Through the mode that slides a plurality of roofs outside fixed sleeve, if screw and screw hole just right completely, pay the lock in-process, the roof all will butt on the lateral wall outside the screw hole, therefore all roofs shift up together under the butt effect on the lateral wall outside the screw hole to can not influence the screw and squeeze into. When the deviation exists between the screw and the screw hole in a non-opposite mode, the top plate is sunk into the screw hole, the top plate sunk into the screw hole has a non-supported state for a period of time compared with other top plates, and the top plate which is not supported cannot slide on the sleeve; at the moment, due to the existence of the abutting limiting part, the top plate which is not pressed down can apply an acting force for limiting sliding to the adjacent top plate, so that the top plate on the sleeve is limited and cannot smoothly slide upwards. The sliding distance of the top plate can be smaller than the action distance of the electric screwdriver, so that the parameters of the top plate sliding obtained by the position sensor can be different from the parameters in a normal state. Therefore, whether the screw is skewed or not is detected, and the skew of the screw is avoided.
The invention is further configured to: the abutting area of the abutting triggering part is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the top plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reduce the area of propping the contact and sending out the face, can make to prop the contact and send out the face and sink into in the screw hole more easily, the rate of accuracy of detection is higher.
The invention is further configured to: the four top plates are distributed on the sleeve along the circumferential direction and comprise two opposite reference top plates and two opposite linkage top plates; the number of the position sensors is two, and the two position sensors are respectively arranged above the two reference top plates.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the parameter that two relative position sensor acquireed, the data of acquireing can judge whether the screw is crooked through the distance of sliding of single roof, can also judge whether the screw is crooked through the difference between two position sensor of comparison.
The invention is further configured to: and the abutting triggering parts of the two linkage top plates are respectively adjacent to one of the two reference top plates.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the change of the position of butt trigger part can exert an influence to the effect of the benchmark roof of linkage roof and its restriction, consequently triggers the portion through the butt with the linkage roof and closes on one of them benchmark roof, difference between discernment linkage roof and two benchmark roofs that can be more clear to when increase one of them linkage roof does not move up, the difference that moves up between two benchmark roofs.
The invention is further configured to: the circumference outer wall of benchmark roof is provided with the pointer block of protrusion, position sensor is the vertical distance sensor who indicates the block of orientation.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the cooperation mode of instructing piece and distance sensor for distance sensor can be more accurate acquire the distance that the roof slided from top to bottom.
The invention is further configured to: the butt trigger part is an arc-shaped block protruding outwards, and when the butt trigger part is not collided, the bottom surface of the collision is positioned below the batch rotating shaft.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the arc piece at first has the effect of direction, and secondly the outer wall is smooth and is little to the lateral wall damage of being processed the work piece.
The invention is further configured to: the locating piece has been seted up on the spacing portion of butt towards roof one side terminal surface, the constant head tank that supplies the locating piece card to go into is seted up at the top of roof.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the cooperation between constant head tank and the locating piece for interval between the adjacent roof is stable, and the butt area increase, connects more firmly.
The invention is further configured to: the top surface middle part of roof is protruding to be provided with the spacing angle that the opening orientation closes on the spacing portion of butt, the tip embedding of the spacing portion of butt is in the opening of spacing angle.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the spacing portion's of spacing angle and butt cooperation can restrict the spacing portion of butt and constitute the lever upset on adjacent roof, further promotes the spacing effect of gag lever post.
The invention is further configured to: the rectangular hole has been seted up along length direction to the spacing portion of butt, the elastic component is the pressure spring, the pressure spring wears to penetrate in rectangular downthehole, and one end is connected the roof other end and is connected fixed sleeve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the pressure spring can also restrict the upset of the spacing portion of butt except playing elastic effect.
A second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting skew of a screw locking machine, which has the advantage of detecting whether a screw is skewed to prevent the screw from being skewed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for detecting the anti-skew of a screw locking machine using the device of the first object,
acquiring the sliding distance of the reference top plate according to the electric signal output by the distance sensor;
judging whether the difference value of the sliding distances of the two reference top plates exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
and if the threshold value is exceeded, judging that the screw is skewed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) whether the screw is inclined or not is judged by detecting the slippage of the top plate through the position sensor, and the judgment mode is simple;
(2) the detection quantity of the two position sensors can be compared, so that the deviation possibly generated in the detection is reduced, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a in fig. 1.
Reference numerals: 1. an automatic conveyor belt; 2. a three-axis manipulator; 3. servo electric screwdriver; 4. a sleeve; 5. a top plate; 6. an elastic member; 7. a position sensor; 8. an abutting trigger part; 9. abutting against the limiting part; 10. a slideway; 11. a reference top plate; 12. a linked roof; 13. positioning blocks; 14. positioning a groove; 15. limiting the angle; 16. an indication block; 17. and (7) installing a ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
An anti-skew device for screw locking machine, as shown in fig. 1, is mainly applied to automatic screw locking machine. The general screw locking machine comprises an automatic conveyor belt 1, a three-shaft manipulator 2 and a servo electric screwdriver 3. The three-axis manipulator 2 is arranged near the side wall of one side of the middle position of the automatic conveying belt, and the servo electric screwdriver 3 is directly arranged on the three-axis manipulator 2. The automatic conveying belt is used for conveying the to-be-locked screw products at intervals, and conveying the to-be-locked screw products placed on the automatic conveying belt to the middle part, so that the to-be-locked screw products are output in a pause mode after being located below the three-axis manipulator 2. The triaxial manipulator 2 can carry out the removal of XYZ triaxial, consequently servo screwdriver 3 can remove to treating arbitrary screw hole position top of locking the screw product under the drive of triaxial manipulator 2. And after the servo electronic screwdriver 3 is positioned above a screw hole of a screw product to be locked, the auxiliary locking of the screw is realized by starting the servo electronic screwdriver 3.
The existing operator inputs coordinate axes of the screw holes into the controller, or records the coordinate to the controller after moving the three-axis manipulator 2 to the position above the screw holes through the hand controller. The three-axis manipulator 2 is arranged on the position coordinate above the screw hole. However, in this process, the screw holes are generally aligned by human eyes of an operator, so that the coordinates of the input screw holes are generally slightly deviated. When the deviation between the screw hole position and the coordinate of the input controller is too large, the screw may be obliquely driven into the screw hole, and in severe cases, the product may be damaged.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the anti-skew device is mounted on the servo motor 3 in order to prevent the screw from being driven into the screw hole obliquely. The electric screwdriver comprises a screwdriver body and a screwdriver rotating shaft which is rotatably connected to the end part of the screwdriver body; the anti-deflection device comprises a sleeve 4 fixed on the outer side wall of the batch body facing one side of the batch rotating shaft, a top plate 5 distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 4 and sliding along the axial direction of the outer wall of the batch body, an elastic part 6 arranged on the sleeve 4 and driving the top plate 5 to slide towards one side of the batch rotating shaft, and a position sensor 7 arranged above the top plate 5 and used for detecting the sliding position of the top plate 5 on the sleeve 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the top plate 5 is provided with an abutting triggering part 8 for abutting and driving the top plate 5 to slide towards a side far away from the batch turning shaft; the top of the top plate 5 is provided with an abutting limiting part 9 which abuts against the end surface of the top of the adjacent top plate 5 on one side to limit the upward movement of the adjacent top plate 5. Therefore, when the abutting triggering part 8 is abutted, an acting force for driving the top plate 5 to slide away from the batch rotating shaft is generated; when the abutting limiting part 9 abuts on the adjacent top plate 5, an acting force for limiting the sliding of the abutted top plate 5 away from the batch rotation shaft is generated. Therefore, when one top plate 5 is simultaneously subjected to the abutment of the abutment trigger portion 8 and the urging force of the abutment stopper portion 9, the top plate 5 cannot slide upward over the entire surface. In the locking process, if the contact triggering parts 8 of the top plates 5 are in contact with the side walls outside the screw holes, all the top plates 5 can move together under the contact action of the side walls outside the screw holes, so that the driving of screws is not influenced. When the deviation exists between the screw and the screw hole in a non-aligned mode, the abutting triggering part 8 of the top plate 5 is sunk into the screw hole, so that the top plate 5 is in a non-abutting state, and the top plate 5 which is not abutted cannot slide on the sleeve 4; at this time, due to the existence of the abutment stopper 9, the top plate 5 which does not slide exerts a force for restricting the slide movement to the adjacent top plate 5, so that the adjacent top plate 5 cannot smoothly slide up.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, four top plates 5 are adopted, and the four top plates 5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 4. Four slide ways 10 are arranged on the axis of the outer wall of the sleeve 4, and the four slide ways 10 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the sleeve 4. The sliding blocks which are embedded into the sliding ways 10 in a sliding mode are fixed on the inner side walls of the four top plates 5, and the sliding cooperation of the four top plates 5 in the axial direction of the sleeve 4 can be achieved through the sliding cooperation between the sliding blocks and the sliding ways 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the four top plates 5 include two opposing reference top plates 11 and two opposing interlocking top plates 12; the number of the position sensors 7 is two, and the two position sensors 7 are respectively arranged above the two reference top plates 11. The abutting triggering part 8 is a convex arc-shaped block with an abutting area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the top plate 5. When the abutting triggering part 8 is not abutted, the bottom surface of the abutment is positioned below the batch rotating shaft.
As shown in fig. 2, the contact triggering portions 8 of the two reference top plates 11 are provided in the middle of the bottom surfaces of the reference top plates 11; the abutting triggering parts 8 of the two linked top plates 12 are respectively arranged adjacent to the reference top plate 11 on the abutting side of the abutting limiting part 9. The change of the position of the abutting triggering part 8 can affect the action effect of the linkage top plate 12 and the reference top plate 11 limited by the linkage top plate, and the reference top plate 11 which is closer to the abutting side of the abutting limiting part 9 is arranged, so that the influence of the upward movement of the reference top plate 11 can be increased under the action of no stress.
As shown in fig. 2, the abutment stopper 9 is integrally connected to one side wall of the top surface of the top plate 5, and the abutment stopper 9 is rod-shaped and extends along the circumference of the sleeve 4, so that the abutment stopper 9 abuts on the top surface of the adjacent top plate 5. And the area of the top surface of the abutting limiting part 9 integrally connected on the top plate 5 is smaller than the abutting area of the abutting limiting part 9 abutting on the top surface of the adjacent top plate 5, so that the limiting acting force of the abutting limiting part 9 is enhanced. The abutting limiting part 9 is provided with a positioning block 13 on the end face of one side facing the adjacent top plate 5, and the top of the adjacent top plate 5 is provided with a positioning groove 14 for the positioning block 13 to be clamped in. Through the cooperation between constant head tank 14 and the locating piece 13 for interval between the adjacent roof 5 is stable, and the butt area increase, connects more firmly. Further, the top surface middle part of roof 5 is provided with the spacing angle 15 that the opening orientation is close to butt spacing portion 9 that the protruding, and the tip embedding of butt spacing portion 9 is in the opening of spacing angle. The cooperation of spacing portion 9 of spacing angle 15 and butt can restrict the spacing portion 9 of butt and constitute the lever upset on adjacent roof 5, further promotes the spacing effect of gag lever post.
As shown in fig. 2, the elastic member 6 is a pressure spring, the abutting limiting portion 9 is provided with a strip hole along the length direction, the pressure spring penetrates through the strip hole, and one end of the pressure spring is connected with the top plate 5 while the other end is connected with the fixing sleeve 4. Therefore, the compression spring penetrating through the elongated hole not only plays a role of elasticity, but also can limit the overturning of the abutting limit part 9.
As shown in fig. 2, an indicator block 16 is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the reference top plate 11 in a protruding manner, and a mounting ring 17 is fixed to the upper outer side wall of the sleeve 4. The two position sensors 7 are respectively fixed on two opposite sides of the mounting ring 17, and the two position sensors 7 are infrared or ultrasonic equidistant sensors respectively vertically facing the indicating block 16. So that the two position sensors 7 can detect the spacing between the acquisition and indication blocks 16 in real time and output an analog electrical signal corresponding to the detected spacing.
As shown in fig. 2, the analog quantity electric signal thus acquired by acquiring the two opposing position sensors 7. Therefore, by means of the arrangement of the two distance sensors, whether the screw is inclined or not can be judged by comparing the sliding distance of the single top plate 5 with the descending distance of the servo screwdriver 3, and whether the screw is inclined or not can be judged by comparing the difference value between the two position sensors 7.
A method for judging whether a screw is inclined by using an anti-inclination device of a screw locking machine comprises the following steps:
acquiring the sliding distance of the reference top plate 11 according to the electric signals output by the two distance sensors;
judging whether the difference value of the sliding distances of the two reference top plates 11 exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
and if the threshold value is exceeded, judging that the screw is skewed.
The main reason that the screw is inclined when being driven is that the screw is not completely opposite to the screw hole and has deviation; if the screw and the screw hole are completely opposite, in the locking and paying process, the two reference top plates 11 are abutted to the side wall outside the screw hole, all the top plates 5 can move together under the abutting action of the side wall outside the screw hole, the screw cannot be driven into the top plates, and the distance difference acquired by the two distance sensors is small. When the deviation exists between the screw and the screw hole in a non-opposite mode, the top plate 5 is sunk into the screw hole, so that the top plate 5 is not pressed, and the top plate 5 which is not pressed cannot slide on the sleeve 4; at this time, due to the existence of the abutment stopper 9, the top plate 5 which does not slide applies a force for restricting the sliding movement to the adjacent top plate 5, and the amount of sliding movement of the top plate 5 which is closer to the top plate 5 which does not slide is smaller, so that a difference exceeding a preset threshold value is generated between the two opposing reference top plates 11. Therefore, when the screw locking device is used, a worker can quickly judge whether the screw is inclined or not according to the distance difference value output by the two distance sensors and the comparison value of the preset threshold value in the screw locking process only after the threshold value is adjusted to be a proper size. The automation degree of the existing screw locking machine is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.