CN110617062B - Reservoir residual gas distribution characteristic analysis method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an analysis method for distribution characteristics of reservoir residual gas, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step 1, collecting static data and dynamic data of a research block; step 2, calculating the reserve, water body energy, gas production speed and permeability coefficient of variation of a single well; step 3, making an equivalent graph of the calculation result of the step 2; and 4, circling a region of a single reservoir meeting a certain standard on the equivalent diagram in the step 3, overlapping the areas, dividing the research block into different small regions, and researching the distribution characteristics and the formation mechanism of different residual gases in a classification manner. The method has the advantages that a large research block can be divided into small areas with different residual gas distribution characteristics by combining field data, a foundation is provided for making mining strategies with different residual gas distribution characteristics, and the practicability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an analysis method for distribution characteristics of reservoir residual gas, and belongs to the field of natural gas development.
Background
After a certain period of exploitation of a gas field, it is an important topic to study the distribution characteristics of the remaining gas.
Regarding the analysis method of the residual gas distribution characteristics, most scholars only carry out related research on the residual oil distribution characteristics at present. Most of the existing methods do not combine production data, and only analyze residual oil from inherent physical properties of reservoir rocks and fluids, so that the accuracy is not enough. The patent application with application number 201010234800.1, a method for analyzing the distribution of residual oil in a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, finds the distribution position of the residual oil in the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir by a numerical simulation technology. The residual oil saturation content at different positions is determined by adopting an experimental method in patent application No. 201920143726.9, namely an experimental device for determining residual oil saturation distribution in an extra-high water-cut period, and patent application No. 201310151735.X, namely a method and a device for measuring residual oil saturation of a three-dimensional simulation oil reservoir. Therefore, a systematic and comprehensive analysis method is urgently needed to research the distribution characteristics and the formation mechanism of different residual gases in a classified manner, so that scientific basis and theoretical support are provided for comprehensively adjusting the gas field, formulating exploitation strategies with different residual gas distribution characteristics and improving the recovery ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the classification research of different residual gas distribution characteristics and formation mechanisms thereof provides a basis for making mining strategies with different residual gas distribution characteristics.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of analyzing reservoir residual gas distribution characteristics, the method comprising the steps of:
and 4, circling a region of a single reservoir meeting a certain standard on the equivalent diagram in the step 3, overlapping the areas, dividing the research block into different small regions, and researching the distribution characteristics and the formation mechanism of different residual gases in a classification manner.
Further, the static data in step 1 includes: basic data A, reservoir characteristics B, rock physical properties C and fluid physical properties D. The dynamic data includes: and E, production parameters.
Further, the a-basis data in the static material includes: aa porosity, Ab original gas saturation, Ac reservoir effective thickness, Ad gas area, Ae permeability, Af original formation pressure, Ag volume coefficient, Ah reservoir depth, Ai reservoir temperature, Aj perforation horizon, Ak perforation depth, Al well position coordinates, Am gas outer boundary and An well spacing; the B reservoir characteristics include: ba trapping, Bb reservoir heterogeneity, Bc reservoir potential damage; the C rock properties include: ca porosity, Cb sensitivity, Cc cementation type, Cd permeability, Ce saturation and Cf relative permeability; the fluid physical properties include: da natural gas and Db water. The E production parameters in the dynamic profile include: ea production date, Eb pressure, Ec gas production rate, Ed water production rate and Ee gas-water ratio.
Further, the Ak perforation depth can be divided into: ak1 opens the upper part of the small layer, Ak2 opens the middle part of the small layer, Ak3 opens the lower part of the small layer; the An well spacing can be divided into: an1 is greater than the economic ultimate well spacing, and An2 is less than the economic ultimate well spacing; ba traps can be classified as: ba1 structure trap, Ba2 stratum trap, Ba3 lithologic trap and Ba4 composite trap; bb reservoir heterogeneity can be divided into: bb1 interlayer heterogeneity, Bb2 plane heterogeneity, Bb3 in-layer heterogeneity, Bb4 microscopic heterogeneity, Bb5 anisotropy; the Bc reservoir potential damage can be divided into: bc1 throat blockage, Bc2 water seal and Bc3 stress sensitivity; the Ca porosity can be divided into: ca1 is dense (1-10% of sandstone and 1-5% of carbonate rock), Ca2 is medium (10-20% of sandstone and 5-10% of carbonate rock) and Ca3 is good (20-35% of sandstone and 10-20% of carbonate rock); cb sensitivity can be classified as: cb1 water-sensitive, Cb2 salt-sensitive, Cb3 acid-sensitive, Cb4 alkali-sensitive, Cb5 tachysensitive; the Cc cementation types can be divided into: cc1 substrate cementing, Cc2 pore cementing, Cc3 contact cementing; cd permeability can be divided into: the Cd1 has excellent permeability (>1000mD), Cd2 has good permeability (100-1000 mD), Cd3 has medium permeability (10-100 mD), Cd4 has weak permeability (1-10 mD), and Cd5 has non-permeability (<1 mD); ce saturation can be divided into: ce1 gas saturation, Ce2 irreducible water saturation; da natural gas can be divided into: da1 dry gas, Da2 wet gas and Da3 condensate gas; the Db water can be divided into: db1 formation water, Db2 extra water. The Eb pressure can be divided into: eb1 oil pressure, Eb2 sleeve pressure and Eb3 oil sleeve pressure difference; the Ec gas production can be divided into: the daily gas production of Ec1, the annual gas production of Ec2, and the cumulative gas production of Ec 3; the Ed water yield can be divided into: the daily water yield of Ed1, the annual water yield of Ed2 and the cumulative water yield of Ed 3; the Ee gas-water ratio can be divided into: ee1 is unchanged, Ee2 is increased, and Ee3 is decreased.
Further, the Ba1 construction trap can be divided into: ba11 anticline, Ba12 fault, Ba13 crack, Ba14 lithologic puncture; ba2 formation traps can be classified as: ba21 formation unconformity, Ba22 formation overburden; the intralayer heterogeneity of Bb3 can be divided into: bb31 positive prosody, Bb32 negative prosody, Bb33 complex prosody; bc1 roar blockage can be divided into: bc11 sand production and Bc12 water lock; cb1 water sensitivity can be divided into: cb11 swellability, Cb12 disintegratability, Cb13 softening property; db1 formation water can be divided into: db11 side water, Db12 bottom water, Db13 interlayer water, Db14 interlayer water and Db15 bound water. The Eb3 oil jacket pressure difference can be divided into: eb31 is unchanged, Eb32 is increased, Eb33 is decreased; the daily gas yield of Ec1 can be divided into: ec11 is unchanged, Ec12 is increased, Ec13 is decreased; the daily water yield of Ed1 can be divided into: ed11 is unchanged, Ed12 is increased, and Ed13 is decreased.
Further, the F reserves in step 2 include: fa geological reserve, Fb residual geological reserve abundance, Fc dynamic reserve, Fd production degree; g water body energy comprises: ga water invasion constant, Gb water storage volume coefficient, Gc water invasion replacement coefficient, Gd cumulative water invasion, Ge water flooding index, Gf water invasion speed, Gg water body multiple, Gh water invasion time and Gi water invasion direction; h, the annual gas production rate of the single well comprises the following steps: ha low (< 0.1%), Hb high (> 0.1%); i permeability coefficient of variation includes: ia interlayer permeability coefficient of variation, Ib plane permeability coefficient of variation, and Ic layer permeability coefficient of variation.
Further, the Fb residual geological reserve abundance can be divided into: fb1 low (<0.2 × 108m3/km2), Fb2 high (>0.2 × 108m3/km 2); the Fd production degree can be divided into: fd1 low (< 40%), Fd2 high (> 40%); the Ga water intrusion constants can be classified as: ga1 low (<6), Ga2 high (> 6); the coefficient of variation of the interlayer permeability of Ia can be divided into: ia1 small (<0.3), Ia2 large (> 0.3); the Ib plane permeability coefficient of variation can be divided into: ib1 small (<0.3), Ib2 large (> 0.3); the coefficient of variation of permeability in the Ic layer can be divided into: ic1 was small (<0.3), Ic2 was large (> 0.3).
Further, the calculation process in step 2 can be divided into the following 7 steps:
(1) splitting the gas-containing area of the small layer by combining the Ak well position coordinates and the Al gas-containing outer boundary to obtain a single well control area;
(2) calculating Fa geological reserves and Fb residual geological reserves abundance controlled by a single well;
(3) calculating by combining the Eb1 oil pressure, Eb2 casing pressure, Ec1 daily gas yield, Ed1 daily water yield and Ea production date to obtain Fc dynamic reserve;
(4) calculating Fd extraction degree, Ga water invasion constant, Gb water storage volume coefficient, Gc water invasion replacement coefficient, Gd cumulative water invasion, Ge water flooding index, Gf water invasion speed and Gg water body multiple of a single well;
(5) making a relation curve of Eb1 oil pressure, Eb2 casing pressure, Ec1 daily gas yield, Ed1 daily water yield and Ea production date, analyzing the curve to obtain that the oil casing pressure difference is increased, the Ed1 daily water yield is increased, and the date of the decrease of the Ec1 daily gas yield is the Gh water invasion time;
(6) calculating the annual gas production speed of the H single well;
(7) and calculating the coefficient of variation of the permeability between the Ia layer, the coefficient of variation of the permeability of the Ib plane and the coefficient of variation of the permeability of the Ic layer of the single well.
Further, the different residual gas distribution characteristics and the formation mechanism thereof in the step 5 show the following 40 characteristics:
(1) characteristic 1 is Fb1, i.e. low abundance of remaining geological reserves;
(2) the characteristic 2 is Fb2+ Fd2, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant and the extraction degree is high;
(3) the characteristic 3 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb, namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the mining degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is large, and the gas mining speed is high;
(4) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 4 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the plane heterogeneity is serious;
(5) the characteristic 5 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the vertical heterogeneity is serious;
(6) the method is characterized in that the method is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the well spacing is large;
(7) the method is characterized in that the method 7 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, and the plane heterogeneity is severe;
(8) the characteristic 8 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ia2/Ic2, namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is large, the gas production speed is high, and the vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(9) the method is characterized in that 9 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, and the well spacing is large;
(10) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 10 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(11) the method is characterized in that the method 11 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(12) the characteristic 12 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(13) the method is characterized in that the method 13 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas extraction speed is high, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(14) the method is characterized in that 14 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(15) the method is characterized in that 15 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, the vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(16) the method is characterized in that 16 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the heterogeneity between the plane and the vertical direction is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(17) the method is characterized in that the method 17 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(18) the method is characterized in that 18 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Cb1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the reservoir rock is water sensitive;
(19) the method is characterized in that the method 19 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the gas production speed is low;
(20) the method is characterized in that 20 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the plane heterogeneity is serious;
(21) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 21 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(22) the method is characterized in that 22 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the well spacing is large;
(23) the method is characterized in that 23 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the plane heterogeneity is serious;
(24) the method is characterized in that 24 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(25) the method is characterized in that 25 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the well spacing is large;
(26) the characteristic 26 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is small, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious;
(27) the method is characterized in that the method 27 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(28) the characteristic 28 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is small, the vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(29) the method is characterized in that 29 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(30) the method is characterized in that 30 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, the plane heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(31) the method is characterized in that 31 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, the vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(32) the method is characterized in that 32 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the heterogeneity between the plane and the vertical direction is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(33) the characteristic 33 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(34) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 34 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Bc3+ Cc1, namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is small, the stress sensitivity of reservoir rock is strong, and the content of cement is large;
(35) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 35 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Cd4/Cd5, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the permeability is low;
(36) the characteristic 36 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Da3, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the gas reservoir is a condensate gas reservoir;
(37) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 37 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Cb + Db2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the sensitivity of reservoir rock is strong, and extraneous water permeates into the reservoir;
(38) the characteristic 38 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ak1+ Bb31(/ + Ak3+ Bb32), namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the production degree is low, the upper part of the small layer is shot at the perforation and the small layer is in positive rhythm (or the lower part of the small layer is shot at the perforation and the small layer is in reverse rhythm);
(39) the characteristic 39 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ba12, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the gas reservoir is a fault gas reservoir;
(40) the characteristic 40 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ba13, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, and the gas reservoir is a crack gas reservoir.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the large research block can be conveniently and rapidly divided into small blocks with different residual gas distribution characteristics by combining field practice, different residual gas distribution characteristics and formation mechanisms of the residual gas distribution characteristics are researched in a classified mode, a foundation is provided for making mining strategies with different residual gas distribution characteristics, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 analysis of the residual gas distribution profile;
FIG. 2 static data details;
FIG. 3 dynamic data details;
FIG. 4 calculation and analysis details;
FIG. 5 shows the result of the remaining gas distribution feature classification according to the embodiment of the present invention.
1 is low abundance of residual geological reserves; 2, the surplus geological reserves are abundant, and the extraction degree is high; 6, the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the well spacing is large; 7, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas extraction speed is high, and the plane heterogeneity is severe; 11 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the plane heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large; 12 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large; 16 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the heterogeneity of the plane and the vertical direction is serious, and the well spacing is large; 17 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas extraction speed is high, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large; 25 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the well spacing is large; 27 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the well spacing is large; 30, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large; 31, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, the vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large; 32, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large; 33 is high abundance of residual geological reserves, low extraction degree, small influence degree of water invasion, low gas extraction speed, serious heterogeneity of plane and vertical direction and large well spacing.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings.
The implementation example is as follows, the analysis method of the residual gas distribution characteristics shown in the attached figure 1 is implemented for a certain small layer of a certain gas field in China according to the following technical steps:
first, static data and dynamic data of the research block are collected and sorted. And obtaining the porosity, the original gas saturation, the effective thickness of the reservoir, the permeability and the depth of the reservoir of each well in the small layer of the research according to the logging information. And (4) actually obtaining the coordinates of the well positions, the gas-containing outer boundaries and the well distances of all wells according to the site. And obtaining the perforation position and the perforation depth according to the perforation position statistical table.
The oil pressure, the casing pressure, the gas production and the water production of each day can be obtained according to the daily production report.
And secondly, calculating a correlation result. Through a series of calculations, the results of correlating each well in the small layer are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
And thirdly, drawing and overlapping the areas. Combining gas boundary data, well site data and tables1, making corresponding equivalent graphs, and respectively circling the residual geological reserve abundance of the small layer on each equivalent graph<0.2×108m3/km2Degree of production>40% water intrusion constant>6. Annual gas production rate of single well>0.1% of well spacing<400m, coefficient of variation of planar permeability>0.3 coefficient of variation of vertical permeability>Region 0.3.
And fourthly, analyzing the area division and the distribution characteristics of the residual gas. The circled regions are overlapped in area, and the small layer is divided into different small regions, as shown in fig. 5. The small layer is divided into 56 small areas, and contains 14 residual gas distribution characteristics. The number marked in each region is the corresponding feature, as follows:
1 is low abundance of residual geological reserves;
2, the surplus geological reserves are abundant, and the extraction degree is high;
6, the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the well spacing is large;
7, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas extraction speed is high, and the plane heterogeneity is severe;
11 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the plane heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
12 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
16 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the heterogeneity of the plane and the vertical direction is serious, and the well spacing is large;
17 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas extraction speed is high, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
25 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the well spacing is large;
27 is that the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the well spacing is large;
30, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
31, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, the vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
32, the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
33 is high abundance of residual geological reserves, low extraction degree, small influence degree of water invasion, low gas extraction speed, serious heterogeneity of plane and vertical direction and large well spacing.
Accordingly, different production strategies should be tailored to different residual gas distribution characteristics. As in the feature 1 region, the remaining geological reserves are low in abundance and may not be exploited for the time being under the prior art conditions. In the characteristic 2 area, the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the extraction degree is large, the natural gas is effectively used, the production monitoring can be enhanced, and the well spacing is reasonably demonstrated. The water invasion influence degree of the areas of the characteristics 6, 7, 11, 12, 16 and 17 is large, and forced drainage wells are arranged at southeast parts, namely s3-35 and s 3-13. When the water invasion is serious, the breakthrough of side water and the coning of bottom water are aggravated if the mining speed is too high, namely the mining speed is properly reduced in the areas of the characteristics 7 and 17; at lower water intrusion, however, the lower production rates may result in lower economic efficiency, e.g., the production rates should be increased in the regions of features 25, 27, 30, 31, 33. The well spacing is too large in the areas with the characteristics of 6, 11, 12, 16, 17, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32 and 33, the production degree of the far well area is low, the well spacing can be reasonably encrypted, and the well control range is improved. The regional plane heterogeneity of the features 7, 11, 16, 17, 30, 32 and 33 is severe, and the working system should be adjusted to improve the reservoir seepage. The vertical heterogeneity of the regions of the features 12, 16, 17, 31, 32 and 33 is severe, and the mining should be conducted in a layered mode, so that the influence of the vertical heterogeneity is reduced.
Various additions, substitutions and combinations will occur to those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for analyzing a reservoir residual gas distribution characteristic, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, collecting static data and dynamic data of a research block;
step 2, calculating F reserves, G water body energy, H gas production speed per unit well year and I permeability coefficient of variation of the single well according to the data collected in the step 1;
the calculation process in step 2 can be divided into the following 7 steps:
(1) splitting the gas-containing area of the small layer by combining the Ak well position coordinates and the A1 gas-containing outer boundary to obtain a single well control area;
(2) calculating Fa geological reserves and Fb residual geological reserves abundance controlled by a single well;
(3) calculating by combining Ebl oil pressure, Eb2 casing pressure, Ec1 daily gas production, Ed1 daily water production and Ea production date to obtain Fc dynamic reserve;
(4) calculating Fd extraction degree, Ga water invasion constant, Gb water storage volume coefficient, Gc water invasion replacement coefficient, Gd cumulative water invasion, Ge water flooding index, Gf water invasion speed and Gg water body multiple of a single well;
(5) making a relation curve of Eb1 oil pressure, Eb2 casing pressure, Ec1 daily gas yield, Ed1 daily water yield and Ea production date, analyzing the curve to obtain that the oil casing pressure difference is increased, the Ed1 daily water yield is increased, and the date of the decrease of the Ec1 daily gas yield is the Gh water invasion time;
(6) calculating the annual gas production speed of the H single well;
(7) calculating the variation coefficient of the permeability between Ia layers, the variation coefficient of the permeability of Ib planes and the variation coefficient of the permeability in Ic layers of the single well;
step 3, combining the Am gas-containing boundary, Al well data and the data of each single well obtained by calculation in the step 2, and making an equivalent graph of the F reserves, the G water body energy, the H single well annual gas production speed and the I permeability coefficient of variation;
and 4, enclosing a region of a single reservoir meeting a certain standard on the equivalent diagram in the step 3, overlapping the areas, dividing a research block into different small regions, and researching different residual gas distribution characteristics and formation mechanisms thereof in a classification manner.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the static data in step 1 comprises: basic data A, reservoir characteristics B, rock physical properties C and fluid physical properties D; the dynamic data includes: and E, production parameters.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the a-basis data in the static material comprises: aa porosity, Ab original gas saturation, Ac reservoir effective thickness, Ad gas area, Ae permeability, Af original formation pressure, Ag volume coefficient, Ah reservoir depth, Ai reservoir temperature, Aj perforation horizon, Ak perforation depth, Al well position coordinates, Am gas outer boundary and An well spacing; the B reservoir characteristics include: ba trapping, Bb reservoir heterogeneity, Bc reservoir potential damage; the C rock properties include: ca porosity, Cb sensitivity, Cc cementation type, Cd permeability, Ce saturation and Cf relative permeability; the fluid physical properties include: da natural gas and Db water; the E production parameters in the dynamic profile include: ea production date, Eb pressure, Ec gas production rate, Ed water production rate and Ee gas-water ratio.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the Ak perforation depth is divided into: ak1 opens the upper part of the small layer, Ak2 opens the middle part of the small layer, Ak3 opens the lower part of the small layer; the An well spacing can be divided into: an1 is greater than the economic ultimate well spacing, and An2 is less than the economic ultimate well spacing; ba traps can be classified as: ba1 structure trap, Ba2 stratum trap, Ba3 lithologic trap and Ba4 composite trap; bb reservoir heterogeneity can be divided into: bb1 interlayer heterogeneity, Bb2 plane heterogeneity, Bb3 in-layer heterogeneity, Bb4 microscopic heterogeneity, Bb5 anisotropy; the Bc reservoir potential damage can be divided into: bc1 throat blockage, Bc2 water seal and Bc3 stress sensitivity; the Ca porosity can be divided into: the porosity range of the sandstone is 1-10% or the porosity range of the carbonate rock is 1-5%, namely Ca1 compact, the porosity range of the sandstone is 10-20% or the porosity range of the carbonate rock is 5-10%, namely Ca2 medium, the porosity range of the sandstone is 20-35% or the porosity range of the carbonate rock is 10-20%, namely Ca3 is good; cb sensitivity can be classified as: cb1 water-sensitive, Cb2 salt-sensitive, Cb3 acid-sensitive, Cb4 alkali-sensitive, Cb5 tachysensitive; the Cc cementation types can be divided into: cc1 substrate cementing, Cc2 pore cementing, Cc3 contact cementing; cd permeability can be divided into: the permeability is more than 1000mD, namely the Cd1 has excellent permeability, the permeability ranges from 100mD to 1000mD, namely the Cd2 has good permeability, the permeability ranges from 10mD to 100mD, namely the Cd3 has medium permeability, the permeability ranges from 1mD to 10mD, namely the Cd4 has weak permeability, and the permeability less than 1mD, namely the Cd5 is non-permeable; ce saturation can be divided into: ce1 gas saturation, Ce2 irreducible water saturation; da natural gas can be divided into: da1 dry gas, Da2 wet gas and Da3 condensate gas; the Db water can be divided into: db1 formation water, Db2 export water; the Eb pressure can be divided into: eb1 oil pressure, Eb2 sleeve pressure and Eb3 oil sleeve pressure difference; the Ec gas production can be divided into: the daily gas production of Ec1, the annual gas production of Ec2, and the cumulative gas production of Ec 3; the Ed water yield can be divided into: the daily water yield of Ed1, the annual water yield of Ed2 and the cumulative water yield of Ed 3; the Ee gas-water ratio can be divided into: ee1 is unchanged, Ee2 is increased, and Ee3 is decreased.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the Ba1 configuration trap is divided into: ba11 anticline, Ba12 fault, Ba13 crack, Ba14 lithologic puncture; ba2 formation traps can be classified as: ba21 formation unconformity, Ba22 formation overburden; the intralayer heterogeneity of Bb3 can be divided into: bb31 positive prosody, Bb32 negative prosody, Bb33 complex prosody; bc1 roar blockage can be divided into: bc11 sand production and Bc12 water lock; cb1 water sensitivity can be divided into: cb11 swellability, Cb12 disintegratability, Cb13 softening property; db1 formation water can be divided into: db11 side water, Db12 bottom water, Db13 interlayer water, Db14 interlayer water and Db15 bound water; the Eb3 oil jacket pressure difference can be divided into: eb31 is unchanged, Eb32 is increased, Eb33 is decreased; the daily gas yield of Ec1 can be divided into: ec11 is unchanged, Ec12 is increased, Ec13 is decreased; the daily water yield of Ed1 can be divided into: ed11 is unchanged, Ed12 is increased, and Ed13 is decreased.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the F reserve in step 2 comprises: fa geological reserve, Fb residual geological reserve abundance, Fc dynamic reserve, Fd production degree; g water body energy comprises: ga water invasion constant, Gb water storage volume coefficient, Gc water invasion replacement coefficient, Gd cumulative water invasion, Ge water flooding index, Gf water invasion speed, Gg water body multiple, Gh water invasion time and Gi water invasion direction; h, the annual gas production rate of the single well comprises the following steps: the gas production speed is less than 0.1 percent, namely Ha is low, and the gas production speed is more than 0.1 percent, namely Hb is high; i permeability coefficient of variation includes: ia interlayer permeability coefficient of variation, Ib plane permeability coefficient of variation, and Ic layer permeability coefficient of variation.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the Fb residual geological reserve abundance is divided into: residual geological reserve abundance<0.2×108m3/km2I.e., low Fb1, remaining geological reserve abundance>0.2×108m3/km2Fb2 is high; the Fd production degree can be divided into: degree of extraction<40% is Fd1 low and extraction degree>40% is Fd2 high; the Ga water intrusion constants can be classified as: water intrusion constant<Ga1 is low and water invasion constant of 6>6 is Ga2 height; the coefficient of variation of the interlayer permeability of Ia can be divided into: coefficient of variation of permeability between layers<0.3 is Ia1 small, interlayer permeability coefficient of variation>Ia2 size at 0.3; the Ib plane permeability coefficient of variation can be divided into: coefficient of variation of plane permeability<0.3 is the variation coefficient of Ib1 small and plane permeability>0.3 is Ib2 big; the coefficient of variation of permeability in the Ic layer can be divided into: coefficient of variation of permeability within a layer<0.3 is Ic1 small, in-layer permeability coefficient of variation>Ic2 is 0.3.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the different residual gas distribution characteristics and mechanism of formation in step 4 are characterized by the following 40:
(1) characteristic 1 is Fb1, i.e. low abundance of remaining geological reserves;
(2) the characteristic 2 is Fb2+ Fd2, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant and the extraction degree is high;
(3) the characteristic 3 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb, namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the mining degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is large, and the gas mining speed is high;
(4) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 4 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the plane heterogeneity is serious;
(5) the characteristic 5 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the vertical heterogeneity is serious;
(6) the method is characterized in that the method is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the well spacing is large;
(7) the method is characterized in that the method 7 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, and the plane heterogeneity is severe;
(8) the characteristic 8 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ia2/Ic2, namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is large, the gas production speed is high, and the vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(9) the method is characterized in that 9 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, and the well spacing is large;
(10) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 10 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(11) the method is characterized in that the method 11 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(12) the characteristic 12 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(13) the method is characterized in that the method 13 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas extraction speed is high, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(14) the method is characterized in that 14 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(15) the method is characterized in that 15 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, the vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(16) the method is characterized in that 16 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the heterogeneity between the plane and the vertical direction is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(17) the method is characterized in that the method 17 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Hb + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, the gas production speed is high, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(18) the method is characterized in that 18 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga1+ Cb1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is large, and the reservoir rock is water sensitive;
(19) the method is characterized in that the method 19 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the gas production speed is low;
(20) the method is characterized in that 20 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the plane heterogeneity is serious;
(21) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 21 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(22) the method is characterized in that 22 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the well spacing is large;
(23) the method is characterized in that 23 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the plane heterogeneity is serious;
(24) the method is characterized in that 24 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(25) the method is characterized in that 25 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, and the well spacing is large;
(26) the characteristic 26 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is small, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious;
(27) the method is characterized in that the method 27 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the plane heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(28) the characteristic 28 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is small, the vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(29) the method is characterized in that 29 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, and the plane and vertical heterogeneity is severe;
(30) the method is characterized in that 30 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, the plane heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(31) the method is characterized in that 31 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas production speed is low, the vertical heterogeneity is severe, and the well spacing is large;
(32) the method is characterized in that 32 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the production degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the heterogeneity between the plane and the vertical direction is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(33) the characteristic 33 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Ha + Ib2+ Ia2/Ic2+ An1, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, the gas extraction speed is low, the plane and vertical heterogeneity is serious, and the well spacing is large;
(34) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 34 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Bc3+ Cc1, namely the abundance of the residual geological reserves is high, the extraction degree is low, the influence degree of water invasion is small, the stress sensitivity of reservoir rock is strong, and the content of cement is large;
(35) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 35 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Cd4/Cd5, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the permeability is low;
(36) the characteristic 36 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ga2+ Da3, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the water invasion influence degree is small, and the gas reservoir is a condensate gas reservoir;
(37) the method is characterized in that the characteristic 37 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Cb + Db2, namely the surplus geological reserves are high in abundance, the extraction degree is low, the sensitivity of reservoir rock is strong, and extraneous water permeates into the reservoir;
(38) the characteristic 38 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ak1+ Bb31, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the production degree is low, the upper part of a small layer is shot during perforation and positive rhythm is achieved;
(39) the characteristic 39 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ba12, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, the gas reservoir is a fault gas reservoir;
(40) the characteristic 40 is Fb2+ Fd1+ Ba13, namely the surplus geological reserves are abundant, the extraction degree is low, and the gas reservoir is a crack gas reservoir.
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