CN107664029B - Optimal well pattern layout method for recycling sandstone heat storage geothermal resources - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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Abstract
The invention provides an optimal well pattern layout method for recycling sandstone heat storage geothermal resources, which comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a geothermal geological model and a geothermal numerical model; step 2, calculating the water yield of a single well according to an analytical method, correcting by using a district geothermal water recovery well, and establishing a water yield calculation formula suitable for a research district; step 3, determining the geothermal utilization resource requirement of the research area, and determining the optimal water production wells, the recharge well ratio, the water production wells and the recharge wells by combining the recharge conditions; step 4, carrying out numerical simulation on single-well water extraction, a recharge temperature field and a pressure field according to the utilization period, and determining respective temperature and pressure influence radiuses of the water extraction well and the recharge well; and 5, determining the optimal well pattern layout. The method solves the problems of incomplete recharging, reduced heat storage pressure, reduced heat storage temperature and the like in the current domestic geothermal development and utilization, provides the optimal well pattern layout, and improves the recycling efficiency of geothermal resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil field development, in particular to an optimal well pattern layout method for recycling sandstone heat storage geothermal resources.
Background
The main problem in the process of developing and utilizing the geothermal resources in the sedimentary basin is that the pressure of heat storage is reduced along with the increase of the exploitation amount and the exploitation time, meanwhile, the emission of geothermal tail water causes heat pollution to the environment, the recycling of the geothermal resources through recharging is an effective way and an important measure for solving the series of problems, and one of the key problems of the recycling of the geothermal resources is the optimization of well pattern layout. At present, no specific measures exist in the domestic well pattern layout for recycling geothermal resources, most of the measures stay in the theoretical discussion stage, and the most discussed problems are related to well recharging, so that the current situation that the recharging is difficult in the development and utilization of sandstone heat storage geothermal energy cannot be effectively solved. Therefore, a new optimal well pattern layout method for recycling sandstone heat storage geothermal resources is invented, and the technical problems are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the optimal well pattern layout method for the cyclic utilization of the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources, which has the advantages of strong operability, realization of the optimal well pattern layout and improvement of the cyclic utilization efficiency of the geothermal resources.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: the optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a geothermal geological model and a geothermal numerical model; step 2, calculating the water yield of a single well according to an analytical method, correcting by using a district geothermal water recovery well, and establishing a water yield calculation formula suitable for a research district; step 3, determining the geothermal utilization resource requirement of the research area, and determining the optimal water production wells, the recharge well ratio, the water production wells and the recharge wells by combining the recharge conditions; step 4, carrying out numerical simulation on single-well water extraction, a recharge temperature field and a pressure field according to the utilization period, and determining respective temperature and pressure influence radiuses of the water extraction well and the recharge well; and 5, determining the optimal well pattern layout.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:
in step 1, existing drilling, logging and seismic data are utilized to establish a geothermal geological model on the basis of determining the lithology, thickness, distribution range, boundary conditions and heat sources of geological structures, heat storage and cover layers of a research area.
In step 1, parameters of density, porosity, permeability, specific heat, thermal conductivity, temperature and pressure of heat storage of each set of stratum are determined through sampling test, reference area analysis data and national standard empirical values, and a geothermal numerical model is established.
In step 2, the formula for calculating the water yield of the single well by an analytical method is as follows:
q-water production per day per well m3D; k-heat storage permeability coefficient, m/d; m-heat storage thickness, M; sw-deepening, m; r-well diameter, m; r-affects the radius, m,formulas in the specificationThe method is a Giharter empirical formula for calculating the influence radius in hydrology and geology, and is an empirical formula which is fitted on the basis of a large amount of measured data.
In step 3, the optimal ratio of the water recovery well to the recharge well is obtained by calculation, comparison and analysis according to geothermal utilization resource requirements, geothermal single-well water yield and recharge conditions; the geothermal resource utilization requirement refers to the amount of geothermal resources which can meet the geothermal resource utilization requirement.
In step 3, the number of the water recovery wells is obtained by dividing the geothermal utilization resource demand by the single-well recoverable resource amount, and the single-well recoverable resource amount is calculated by the following formula:
Qr＝Q×Cw×Pw×(Ty-Tp)；
qr-amount of resources recoverable by a single well, J/d; q-daily water production per well, m3D; cw-specific heat of hot water, J/Kg DEG C; Pw-Hot Water Density, Kg/m3(ii) a Ty-Heat storage temperature, deg.C; tp-backwater temperature, DEG C; the heat storage temperature is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: Ty-Heat storage temperature, deg.C; ts-temperature in the normal temperature zone, DEG C; q-ground heat flow, μ cal/cm2·s；d0-depth of zone at ambient temperature, m; z-heat storage depth, m; kr-rock thermal conductivity, cal/(cm. s. cndot.).
In step 3, the recharging condition refers to the height of a water column capable of realizing recharging, and is realized by calculation:
in the formula, Hw is a recharging water head, m; q-single well daily recharge water quantity, m3D; r-well diameter, m; the R-recharge affects the radius, m, sw-deepening, m; k-heat storage permeability coefficient, m/d; m-heat storage thickness, M; h0-a thermal storage confined head, m;
in the step 3, when the height of a recharging water column of one well is too high, the recharging amount is reduced by increasing the recharging wells, so that the recharging water column is reduced; the number of the recharging wells is the water yield of all the water producing wells divided by the recharging amount which can be realized, and the result is the integer of the decimal plus 1, and the integer is the number of the recharging wells required.
In step 5, according to the pressure and temperature influence radius of the water recovery well and the recharge well, different water recovery and recharge well spacing and well pattern layouts are designed by combining the structural pattern, the heat storage and spread and the ground conditions, the water outlet temperature and the recharge well pressure of the water recovery well in each well pattern layout are simulated by using numerical simulation software, the water outlet temperature of the water recovery well is kept unchanged, and the well pattern layout with the lowest recharge well pressure is the optimal well pattern layout.
The optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources is suitable for the premise that certain exploration data exist and a geothermal development and utilization block is clear, solves the problems of incomplete recharging, reduced heat storage pressure, reduced heat storage temperature and the like by aiming at the optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources which are difficult to recharge in geothermal development and utilization, and has strong operability, realizes the optimal well pattern layout and improves the recycling efficiency of the geothermal resources. The optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone thermal storage geothermal resources realizes green and recyclable sandstone thermal storage geothermal resources, and has strong operability of the process and the method; the established geological model and the numerical model can be tested by similar geothermal fields, the proposed optimal water recovery well, recharge well ratio and optimal well pattern layout are obtained by comparison on the basis of carrying out a large amount of simulation, and the process is carried out under the constraint of the geological model and the numerical model, so that the reliability of a simulation result is ensured, and the method has practical significance for guiding geothermal development and utilization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for optimal well pattern layout for cyclic utilization of sandstone thermal storage geothermal resources of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a geothermal geological model in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the radius of influence of the temperature used to determine the recharge versus time in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optimal well pattern layout simulation result in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for the optimal well pattern layout for the recycling of sandstone thermal storage geothermal resources.
In step 101, a geothermal geological model is built. The existing well drilling, well logging and seismic data are utilized to establish a geothermal geological model on the basis of determining the lithology, thickness, distribution range, boundary conditions and heat sources of the geological structure, the heat storage and the cover layer of the research area, as shown in figure 2, the lithology, thickness, distribution range, boundary conditions and the like of the top and bottom geological structure, the heat storage and the cover layer of the heat storage.
At step 102, a geotherm numerical model is established. Parameters such as density, porosity, permeability, specific heat, thermal conductivity, temperature and pressure of heat storage of each set of stratum are determined through sampling test, reference area analysis data and national standard empirical values, and a geothermal numerical model is established.
In step 103, the water yield of the single well is calculated according to an analytical method, and the regional geothermal water recovery well is used for correction, so that a water yield calculation formula suitable for the research region is established. The formula for calculating the water yield by the analytic method is as follows:
q-water production per day per well m3D; k-heat storage permeability coefficient, m/d; m-heat storage thickness, M; sw-depthkeeping, m, (water intake capacity limit depth); r-well diameter, m (generally 0.065 m); r-affects the radius, m,
in step 104, the geothermal utilization resource requirement of the research area is determined, and the optimal water recovery well, the recharge well ratio, the water recovery well number and the recharge well number are determined by combining the recharge conditions. The optimal ratio of the water recovery well to the recharge well is obtained by calculation, comparison and analysis according to the geothermal utilization resource demand, the water yield of a geothermal single well and the recharge condition. The geothermal resource utilization requirement refers to the satisfied groundThe amount of geothermal resources required for thermal resource utilization; the number of the water recovery wells is obtained by dividing the geothermal utilization resource demand by the single-well recoverable resource amount, and the single-well recoverable resource amount can be calculated by the following formula: qr＝Q×Cw×Pw×(Ty-Tp)；
Qr-amount of resources recoverable by a single well, J/d; q-daily water production per well, m3D; cw-specific heat of hot water, J/Kg DEG C; Pw-Hot Water Density, Kg/m3(ii) a Ty-Heat storage temperature, deg.C; tp-backwater temperature, DEG C; the temperature is calculated from the heat storage temperature by the following formula:
in the formula: Ty-Heat storage temperature, deg.C; ts-temperature in the normal temperature zone, DEG C; q-ground heat flow, μ cal/cm2·s；d0-depth of zone at ambient temperature, m; z-heat storage depth, m; kr-rock thermal conductivity, cal/(cm. s. degree. C.); the recharging condition refers to the height of a water column capable of realizing recharging, and can be realized by calculation:
in the formula, Hw is a recharging water head, m; q-single well daily recharge water quantity, m3D; r-well diameter, m (generally 0.065 m); the R-recharge affects the radius, m,) (ii) a K-heat storage permeability coefficient, m/d; m-heat storage thickness, M; h0-a thermal storage confined head, m;
when the height of a recharging water column of one well is too high, the recharging amount can be reduced by increasing the recharging well, so that the lowering of the recharging water column is realized; the number of the recharging wells is obtained by dividing the water yield of all the water producing wells by the recharging amount which can be realized, the result is the integer of the decimal plus 1, and the integer is the number of the recharging wells required.
In step 105, according to the utilization period, carrying out numerical simulation of single-well water production, recharging temperature field and pressure field, and determining respective temperature and pressure influence radius (of the water production well and the recharging well), as shown in fig. 3, simulating the change of the recharging temperature influence radius along with time on the basis of determining the recharging amount and the water returning temperature, and finally determining the maximum temperature influence radius as the basis of designing the distance between the production wells and the recharging well.
In step 106, according to the water production and recharge well pressure and temperature influence radius, different positions, different production and recharge well distances, different well pattern layouts, water production well water yield, water outlet temperature and recharge well pressure rise are simulated by combining heat storage and expansion, construction pattern and ground conditions, and the optimal well pattern layout provided after analysis is carried out on the basis of factors of supplementing pressure reduction caused by water production and ensuring that temperature does not break through, being suitable for well arrangement and the like by recharging within the model operation year is ensured by continuously adjusting the well pattern layout, as shown in fig. 4, the simulation result ensures that the water production well temperature does not break through within the maximum utilization year.
The above description is only an ideal model implementation of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and other equivalent variations applying the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, establishing a geothermal geological model and a geothermal numerical model;
step 2, calculating the water yield of a single well according to an analytical method, correcting by using a district geothermal water recovery well, and establishing a water yield calculation formula suitable for a research district;
step 3, determining the geothermal utilization resource requirement of the research area, and determining the optimal water production wells, the recharge well ratio, the water production wells and the recharge wells by combining the recharge conditions;
step 4, carrying out numerical simulation on single-well water extraction, a recharge temperature field and a pressure field according to the utilization period, and determining respective temperature and pressure influence radiuses of the water extraction well and the recharge well;
and 5, determining the optimal well pattern layout.
2. The optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources is characterized in that in the step 1, existing drilling, logging and seismic data are utilized to establish a geothermal geological model on the basis of determining the lithology, thickness, distribution range, boundary conditions and heat sources of geological structures, heat storage and cover layers of a study area.
3. The optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone heat storage geothermal resources is characterized in that in the step 1, parameters of the density, the porosity, the permeability, the specific heat, the thermal conductivity, the temperature and the pressure of the heat storage of each set of stratum are determined through sampling tests, reference area analysis data and national standard empirical values, and a geothermal numerical model is established.
4. The sandstone thermal storage geothermal resource recyclable optimal well pattern layout method according to claim 1, wherein,
in step 2, the formula for calculating the water yield of the single well by an analytical method is as follows:q-water production per day per well m3D; k-heat storage permeability coefficient, m/d; m-heat storage thickness, M; sw-deepening, m; r-well diameter, m; r-affects the radius, m,
5. the optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone thermal storage geothermal resources according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the optimal ratio of the water recovery well to the recharging well is obtained by calculation, comparison and analysis according to the geothermal utilization resource demand, the water yield of a geothermal single well and the recharging conditions; the geothermal resource utilization requirement refers to the amount of geothermal resources which can meet the geothermal resource utilization requirement.
6. The sandstone heat storage geothermal resource recycling optimal well pattern layout method according to claim 5, wherein in the step 3, the number of the water recovery wells is obtained by dividing the geothermal utilization resource demand by the single-well recoverable resource amount, and the single-well recoverable resource amount is calculated by the following formula:
Qr＝Q×Cw×Pw×(Ty-Tp)；
qr-amount of resources recoverable by a single well, J/d; q-daily water production per well, m3D; cw-specific heat of hot water, J/Kg DEG C; Pw-Hot Water Density, Kg/m3(ii) a Ty-Heat storage temperature, deg.C; tp-backwater temperature, DEG C; the heat storage temperature is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: Ty-Heat storage temperature, deg.C; ts-temperature in the normal temperature zone, DEG C; q-ground heat flow, μ cal/cm2·s；d0-depth of zone at ambient temperature, m; z-heat storage depth, m; kr-rock thermal conductivity, cal/(cm. s. cndot.).
7. The optimal well pattern layout method for recycling the sandstone thermal storage geothermal resource according to claim 5, wherein in the step 3, the recharge condition is the height of a water column capable of realizing recharge, and the recharge condition is realized by calculation:
in the formula, Hw is a recharging water head, m; q-single well daily recharge water quantity, m3D; r-well diameter, m; the R-recharge affects the radius, m,sw-deepening, m; k-heat storage permeability coefficient, m/d; m-heat storage thickness, M; h0-a thermal storage confined head, m.
8. The sandstone thermal storage geothermal resource recycling optimal well pattern layout method according to claim 7, wherein in the step 3, when the height of a recharging water column of one well is too high, the recharging water column is reduced by increasing the recharging well and reducing the recharging amount; the number of the recharging wells is the water yield of all the water producing wells divided by the recharging amount which can be realized, and the result is the integer of the decimal plus 1, and the integer is the number of the recharging wells required.
9. The sandstone thermal storage geothermal resource recycling optimal well pattern layout method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, different mining and recharging well distances and well pattern layouts are designed according to the pressure and temperature influence radius of a mining well and a recharging well and by combining the structural pattern, the thermal storage layout and the ground conditions, numerical simulation software is used for simulating the water outlet temperature and the recharging well pressure of the mining well in each well pattern layout, the water outlet temperature of the mining well is kept unchanged, and the well pattern layout with the lowest recharging well recharging pressure is the optimal well pattern layout.
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| CN111927442B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2024-03-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for evaluating recoverable geothermal energy resources |
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| CN111159904A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Method for estimating and evaluating geothermal resource quantity |
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| CN113776210B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-09-15 | 常州大学 | Novel recharging method for improving geothermal recharging efficiency of deep sandstone |
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| CN118296922B (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-08-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for optimizing ground heat Tian Jingwang layout based on flight time |
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