CN110616937A - Variable-frequency curved-surface ball shock insulation support with viscous damper - Google Patents
Variable-frequency curved-surface ball shock insulation support with viscous damper Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title description 14
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- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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Abstract
本发明属于隔震技术领域，具体涉及一种带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，其结构如下：上支座板、下支座板按上下相对设置，上支座板、下支座板的相对应面上分别设有变频凹曲面，上支座板和下支座板的变频凹曲面沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组变频凹曲面之间设置金属滚球。对比传统圆弧或椭球曲面滚球隔震支座，本发明变频凹曲面具有更优的隔震效果；粘滞型阻尼器为滚球隔震支座增加耗能能力，解决传统滚球摩擦摆支座由于自身滚动摩擦力小、耗能差的问题，加之粘滞型阻尼力与速度相关，使滚球支座具有更好的自复位功。另外，下支座板的侧面分别为防上支座板脱离的限位挡板，解决了传统滚球支座的上支座板在大位移下容易倾覆问题。The invention belongs to the field of vibration isolation technology, and in particular relates to a frequency conversion curved ball vibration isolation support with a viscous type damper. The corresponding surfaces of the lower support plate are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave surfaces, and the frequency conversion concave surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate correspond to each other in a group along the up and down direction, and metal rollers are arranged between each group of frequency conversion concave surfaces. ball. Compared with the traditional circular arc or ellipsoidal surface rolling ball vibration isolation bearing, the frequency conversion concave surface of the present invention has a better vibration isolation effect; the viscous damper increases the energy dissipation capacity for the rolling ball vibration isolation bearing and solves the problem of traditional rolling ball friction Due to the low rolling friction and poor energy consumption of the pendulum bearing, and the fact that the viscous damping force is related to the speed, the ball bearing has better self-resetting work. In addition, the sides of the lower support plate are respectively limit baffles to prevent the upper support plate from detaching, which solves the problem that the upper support plate of the traditional ball bearing is easy to overturn under large displacement.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于隔震技术领域，具体涉及一种带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座。The invention belongs to the technical field of shock isolation, and in particular relates to a frequency conversion curved ball shock isolation support with a viscous damper.
背景技术Background technique
滚球隔震支座的研发最早追溯到19世纪，1870年，Touaillon发明一种滚球放置在上下带有球形凹面的支座板中。该支座的隔震原理与摩擦摆隔震支座类似，利用摩擦曲面来延长结构固有周期，可大幅度减小地震作用而引起的动力放大效应，通过滚球与上下凹曲面在滚动过程中产生的摩擦力消耗地震能量，由于滚动摩擦系数较小，滚球摆支座自身的耗能能力有限，同时支座容易出现倾覆导致滚球从底板滚出。因此，改进的滚球隔震支座被一些学者相继提出。The research and development of rolling ball isolation bearings can be traced back to the 19th century. In 1870, Touaillon invented a rolling ball placed in a bearing plate with spherical concave surfaces on the upper and lower sides. The isolation principle of the support is similar to that of the friction pendulum isolation support. The friction surface is used to extend the natural period of the structure, which can greatly reduce the dynamic amplification effect caused by the earthquake. The generated friction consumes seismic energy. Due to the small rolling friction coefficient, the energy dissipation capacity of the ball pendulum support itself is limited, and the support is prone to overturning, causing the ball to roll out of the bottom plate. Therefore, improved ball bearings have been proposed by some scholars.
1995年，Kemeny等人发明一种Ball-In-Cone隔震支座，虽增加了支座的阻尼，但该隔震支座的耗能能力仍旧有限。2010年，Tsai CS等人提出带阻尼材料的滚球隔震支座，但该装置在地震的反复作用下会损害阻尼材料，影响隔震效果，同时大位移下支座会易发生倾覆问题。2012年，隋英杰等人提出滚珠碟簧隔震装置，利用沥青玛蹄脂(SMA)丝来增大耗能能力，但SMA造价比较高，在大位移下会出现绷断情况。2014年，隋英杰等人提出黏弹阻尼滚球隔震支座，该支座虽然解决了耗能和抗倾覆问题，但是构造复杂，在地震作用下，滑道和滑板容易出现卡顿问题，影响隔震效果。In 1995, Kemeny et al. invented a Ball-In-Cone seismic isolation bearing. Although the damping of the bearing was increased, the energy dissipation capacity of the isolation bearing was still limited. In 2010, Tsai CS et al. proposed a rolling ball isolation bearing with damping material, but the device will damage the damping material and affect the isolation effect under the repeated action of earthquakes. At the same time, the bearing will easily overturn under large displacement. In 2012, Sui Yingjie and others proposed a ball disc spring shock isolation device, using asphalt mastic (SMA) wire to increase energy dissipation capacity, but SMA is relatively expensive and will break under large displacements. In 2014, Sui Yingjie and others proposed the viscoelastic damping rolling ball seismic isolation bearing. Although the bearing solved the problems of energy consumption and anti-overturning, the structure is complex. Affect the isolation effect.
通过上述可以看出，目前已研发的滚球隔震支座存在耗能能力不足、或者容易发生倾覆、或者构造复杂、或者成本高等。同时，传统滚球隔震支座的凹曲面大多采用圆弧曲面，没有系统地分析不同的曲面形状对滚球隔震支座隔震效果的影响，没有提出适合滚球隔震支座的最优曲面。From the above, it can be seen that the currently developed ball bearings have insufficient energy dissipation capacity, or are prone to overturning, or have complex structures, or high costs. At the same time, most of the concave curved surfaces of the traditional roller bearings are arc-shaped surfaces, and the influence of different curved surface shapes on the isolation effect of the roller bearings has not been systematically analyzed. excellent surface.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述出现的问题，本发明的目的在于提出一种带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，旨在克服传统滚球隔震支座存在隔震效果不佳、耗能能力弱、易发生倾覆、构造复杂等缺点。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to propose a viscous damper frequency conversion curved ball vibration isolation bearing, which aims to overcome the poor vibration isolation effect and energy dissipation capacity of the traditional rolling ball vibration isolation bearing. Weak, easy to overturn, complex structure and other shortcomings.
本发明的技术方案是：Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，包括：上支座板、上支座板粘滞型阻尼器、下支座板、下支座板粘滞型阻尼器、金属滚球、槽形金属平板，具体结构如下：A frequency-variable curved ball shock-isolation bearing with a viscous damper, comprising: an upper bearing plate, a viscous damper on the upper bearing plate, a lower bearing plate, a viscous damper on the lower bearing plate, a metal Rolling ball, grooved metal flat plate, the specific structure is as follows:
上支座板、下支座板按上下相对设置，上支座板、下支座板的相对应面上分别设有变频凹曲面，上支座板和下支座板的变频凹曲面沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组变频凹曲面之间设置金属滚球；The upper support plate and the lower support plate are set relative to each other up and down, and the corresponding surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave curved surfaces, and the frequency conversion concave curved surfaces of the upper support plate and the lower support plate are Two pairs of directions correspond to one group, and metal rolling balls are set between each group of frequency conversion concave surfaces;
上支座板的顶部设置上支座板粘滞型阻尼器，上支座板、下支座板之间设置下支座板粘滞型阻尼器，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器的一端固定于上支座板，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器的一端固定于下支座板，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组上支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端之间相连；A viscous damper of the upper support plate is arranged on the top of the upper support plate, a viscous damper of the lower support plate is arranged between the upper support plate and the lower support plate, and one end of the viscous damper of the upper support plate Fixed on the upper support plate, one end of the viscous damper on the lower support plate is fixed on the lower support plate, the other end of the viscous damper on the upper support plate and the other end of the viscous damper on the lower support plate Two pairs correspond to one group along the up and down direction, and the other end of the viscous damper on the upper support plate of each group is connected to the other end of the viscous damper on the lower support plate;
上支座板的顶部罩扣槽形金属平板，槽形金属平板的槽形部分与上支座板之间形成上腔室。The top cover of the upper support plate buckles the groove-shaped metal flat plate, and an upper chamber is formed between the groove-shaped part of the groove-shaped metal flat plate and the upper support plate.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器对称设置于上支座板与槽形金属平板之间，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器的一端通过配套使用的固定螺栓一和弹性垫片一相对安装于上支座板，每个上支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端穿过槽形金属平板侧面的凹槽二、伸至槽形金属平板外侧；In the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolation support with a viscous damper, the viscous damper on the upper support plate is symmetrically arranged between the upper support plate and the groove-shaped metal flat plate, and the viscous damper on the upper support plate One end of the device is relatively installed on the upper support plate through the matching fixed bolt one and elastic washer one, and the other end of each upper support plate viscous damper passes through the groove two on the side of the groove-shaped metal plate. to the outside of the grooved metal plate;
下支座板粘滞型阻尼器对称设置于上支座板与下支座板之间，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器的一端通过配套使用的固定螺栓二和弹性垫片二相对安装于下支座板，每个下支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端伸至下支座板外侧。The viscous damper on the lower support plate is arranged symmetrically between the upper support plate and the lower support plate, and one end of the viscous damper on the lower support plate is relatively installed on the The lower bearing plate, the other end of each lower bearing plate viscous damper extends to the outside of the lower bearing plate.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，所述上支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器的另一端沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组上支座板粘滞型阻尼器和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器之间通过连接螺栓杆相连，形成上支座板粘滞型阻尼器和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器组合结构。In the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating bearing with a viscous damper, the other end of the viscous damper on the upper bearing plate and the other end of the viscous damper on the lower bearing plate are arranged in pairs along the vertical direction. Corresponding to one group, each group of viscous dampers on the upper support plate and viscous dampers on the lower support plate are connected by connecting bolt rods to form a viscous damper on the upper support plate and a viscous damper on the lower support plate. Viscous damper combined structure.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，下支座板为底面和侧面形成的上凹形结构，下支座板的侧面分别为防上支座板脱离的限位挡板，限位挡板位于上支座板粘滞型阻尼器和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器组合结构的外侧，限位挡板内侧粘贴橡胶防护层。In the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating bearing with a viscous damper, the lower bearing plate is an upper concave structure formed on the bottom surface and the side surface, and the sides of the lower bearing plate are the limiters for preventing the upper bearing plate from detaching. The baffle, the limit baffle is located on the outer side of the combined structure of the upper support plate viscous damper and the lower support plate viscous damper, and the inside of the limit baffle is pasted with a rubber protective layer.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，下支座板的底面通过均匀分布的固定螺栓三与基础或其他固定物连接。In the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolation bearing with a viscous damper, the bottom surface of the lower bearing plate is connected to the foundation or other fixed objects through evenly distributed fixing bolts.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，上支座板外侧的侧面中部分别开设防上支座板粘滞型阻尼器碰撞的凹槽一，每个凹槽一位于每组上支座板粘滞型阻尼器和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器之间。In the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating bearing with a viscous damper, the middle part of the outer side of the upper bearing plate is respectively provided with a groove for preventing the collision of the viscous damper of the upper bearing plate, and each groove is located at Between each set of viscous dampers on the upper support plate and viscous dampers on the lower support plate.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，除了凹槽一所在的上支座板侧面之外，上支座板外侧的侧面粘贴橡胶防护层。In the viscous-type damper frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating support, except for the side of the upper support plate where the groove 1 is located, the outer side of the upper support plate is pasted with a rubber protective layer.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，固定槽形金属平板的四角分别设有螺栓孔，固定螺栓四分别穿过螺栓孔与上支座板连接。In the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating support with a viscous damper, the four corners of the fixed groove-shaped metal plate are respectively provided with bolt holes, and the four fixing bolts pass through the bolt holes respectively to connect with the upper support plate.
所述的带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，槽形金属平板的剖面为凹形结构，槽形金属平板的侧立面的中部分别设有凹槽，槽形金属平板的前立面的中部设有凹槽。The frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating support with a viscous damper, the section of the grooved metal flat plate is a concave structure, the middle part of the side elevation of the grooved metal flat plate is respectively provided with grooves, and the grooved metal flat plate There is a recess in the middle of the front façade.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的工作原理如下：The working principle adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:
本发明安装在基础(或其他固定物)与隔震物之间，下支座板与基础(或其他固定物)固连，连接在上支座板的金属平板与隔震物固连。上、下支座板各带有四个涂有聚四氟乙烯材料的变频凹曲面，当地震来临时，隔震支座通过滚球在变频凹曲面进行运动，从而将地震能量转化为势能和摩擦产生的热能，滚球起到隔离地震的作用。已知地震力并非单一方向，因此在支座板上均匀分布的四个滚球隔离来自两个水平方向的地震力。上、下支座板的曲面采用的是变频曲面，利用MATLAB软件对比圆弧形曲面、两种不同的椭球形曲面以及锥形曲面，在相同条件下，变频曲面周期变化较大，具有更好的隔震效果，如图9-图13所示。The invention is installed between the foundation (or other fixtures) and the shock-isolators, the lower support plate is fixedly connected to the foundation (or other fixtures), and the metal plate connected to the upper support plate is fixedly connected to the shock-isolation objects. The upper and lower bearing plates each have four frequency-converting concave surfaces coated with PTFE material. When an earthquake strikes, the shock-isolation bearing moves on the frequency-converting concave surface through rolling balls, thereby converting seismic energy into potential energy and The heat energy generated by friction, the rolling ball plays the role of isolating the earthquake. It is known that the seismic force is not in a single direction, so the four rolling balls evenly distributed on the support plate isolate the seismic force from two horizontal directions. The curved surfaces of the upper and lower bearing plates are variable-frequency curved surfaces. Using MATLAB software to compare arc-shaped curved surfaces, two different ellipsoidal curved surfaces, and conical curved surfaces, under the same conditions, the variable-frequency curved surface has a greater period change and has better performance. The shock isolation effect is shown in Figure 9-Figure 13.
当地震发生之后，由于滚动摩擦力较小，导致耗能能力弱，滚球需要较长时间才能自动复位，主要依据上述提到的不论何种曲面形式滚球隔震支座的理想滞回曲线(如图14)可以看出，当仅考虑滚动摩擦时，滚球摆的耗能能力是非常有限的，故此在上支座与下支座板各设置了水平方向的粘滞性阻尼器，来增大隔震支座的耗能能力。因为粘滞阻尼器与速度相关，在阻尼力控制下当速度变小时，阻尼力也很小，滚球很容易复位，进而达到较好的隔震效果。为了防止大位移下上支座板发生脱离倾覆问题，在下支座板外围设置金属限位挡板，同时为了防止阻尼杆与限位挡板发生碰撞，故在上支座板适当的位置加工了四个凹槽。After the earthquake, due to the small rolling friction force, the energy dissipation capacity is weak, and the rolling ball takes a long time to reset automatically, mainly based on the ideal hysteresis curve of the rolling ball isolation bearing mentioned above regardless of the curved surface form. (as shown in Figure 14) it can be seen that when only rolling friction is considered, the energy dissipation capacity of the rolling ball pendulum is very limited, so viscous dampers in the horizontal direction are installed on the upper support and the lower support plate respectively, To increase the energy dissipation capacity of the shock-isolation bearing. Because the viscous damper is related to the speed, when the speed becomes small under the control of the damping force, the damping force is also small, and the rolling ball is easy to reset, thereby achieving a better shock isolation effect. In order to prevent the overturning of the upper support plate under large displacement, a metal limit baffle is set on the periphery of the lower support plate. Four grooves.
本发明的优点及有益效果是：Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1、本发明均为金属制品，表面经过严格的防腐防锈处理，具有良好的耐久性；本发明结构简单，力学途径明确，性能可靠，可移动性强，安装方便；本发明在地震发生时能够隔离传向隔震支座上部放置的低层建筑、博物馆的古文物、重要设备的地震作用，减小隔震支座上部放置的建筑、古文物或者展柜、重要设备的地震响应；本发明采用滚动和低摩擦滑动曲面隔震，支座上部放置的重量对隔震效果没有影响。1. The present invention is all metal products, the surface has undergone strict anti-corrosion and anti-rust treatment, and has good durability; the present invention has simple structure, clear mechanical approach, reliable performance, strong mobility and convenient installation; It can isolate the seismic action transmitted to the low-rise buildings placed on the upper part of the seismic isolation bearing, the ancient cultural relics in the museum, and important equipment, and reduce the seismic response of the buildings, ancient cultural relics or showcases and important equipment placed on the upper part of the seismic isolation bearing; The rolling and low-friction sliding surface is isolated, and the weight placed on the upper part of the support has no effect on the isolation effect.
2、本发明上、下支座板上各设置涂有聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料的变频凹曲面并附加粘滞型阻尼器。对比传统圆弧或椭球曲面滚球隔震支座，变频曲面具有更优的隔震效果；粘滞型阻尼器为滚球隔震支座增加耗能能力，解决传统滚球摩擦摆支座由于自身滚动摩擦力小、耗能差的问题，加之粘滞型阻尼力与速度相关，使滚球支座具有更好的自复位功能。2. The upper and lower bearing plates of the present invention are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave curved surfaces coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material and additional viscous dampers. Compared with the traditional arc or ellipsoidal surface rolling ball vibration isolation bearing, the frequency conversion curved surface has a better vibration isolation effect; the viscous damper increases the energy dissipation capacity of the rolling ball vibration isolation bearing and solves the problem of the traditional rolling ball friction pendulum bearing Due to the small rolling friction and poor energy consumption, and the viscous damping force is related to the speed, the ball bearing has a better self-resetting function.
3、本发明作为一种隔震效果好、构造简单、可移动性强、安装方便的隔震支座，可用于低层建筑、博物馆的古文物、重要设备隔震保护中。3. The present invention, as a shock-isolation support with good shock-isolation effect, simple structure, strong mobility and convenient installation, can be used in the shock-isolation protection of low-rise buildings, ancient cultural relics in museums, and important equipment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座的俯视示意图。Fig. 1 is a top view schematic diagram of a viscous damper frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolation bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是图1中的1-1剖面示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of line 1-1 in Fig. 1 .
图3是本发明实施例中去掉槽形金属平板后的滚球隔震支座俯视示意图。Fig. 3 is a top view schematic diagram of the ball shock-isolating support after removing the grooved metal flat plate in the embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器的上支座板正面示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of an upper support plate with a viscous damper in an embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器的上支座板背面示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the back of the upper support plate with a viscous damper in the embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器和限位挡板的下支座板背面示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the back side of the lower support plate with a viscous damper and a limit baffle in an embodiment of the present invention.
图7(a)是本发明实施例中支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板的主视结构示意图。Fig. 7(a) is a front structural schematic view of a groove-shaped metal plate supporting a shock absorber in an embodiment of the present invention.
图7(b)是图7(a)中的2-2剖面图。Fig. 7(b) is a sectional view of 2-2 in Fig. 7(a).
图8(a)是本发明实施例中支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板的后视结构示意图。Fig. 8(a) is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the groove-shaped metal plate supporting the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention.
图8(b)是图8(a)的前立面图。Fig. 8(b) is a front elevation view of Fig. 8(a).
图8(c)是图8(a)的右立面图。Fig. 8(c) is a right elevation view of Fig. 8(a).
图9-图13是本发明实施例中证明变频曲面隔震效果更佳的分析图。图9是五种曲线的几何形状对比图，横坐标x代表曲线函数的自变量(mm)，纵坐标y代表曲线函数的函数值(mm)；图10是五种曲线的几何斜率对比图，横坐标x代表曲线函数的自变量(mm)，纵坐标y′代表曲线函数的函数斜率值(mm)；图11是五种曲线的刚度比上质量与位移关系曲线的对比图，横坐标x代表位移(mm)，纵坐标K/(M+m1)代表随位移变化的刚度与质量的比值；图12是五种曲线的运动时间与位移关系曲线对比图，横坐标x代表位移(mm)，纵坐标y代表随位移变化的运动时间(T)；图13是五种曲线刚度与位移关系曲线对比图，横坐标x代表位移(mm)，纵坐标F′/(M+m1)代表随位移变化的刚度值。Figures 9 to 13 are analysis diagrams proving that the vibration-isolation effect of the frequency conversion curved surface is better in the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is the geometric shape contrast figure of five kinds of curves, and abscissa x represents the independent variable (mm) of curve function, and ordinate y represents the function value (mm) of curve function; Fig. 10 is the geometric slope contrast figure of five kinds of curves, The abscissa x represents the independent variable (mm) of the curve function, and the ordinate y' represents the function slope value (mm) of the curve function; Fig. 11 is a comparison diagram of the stiffness ratio of the five curves with respect to mass and displacement curves, and the abscissa x Represents the displacement (mm), and the ordinate K/(M+m 1 ) represents the ratio of stiffness to mass that changes with the displacement; Figure 12 is a comparison chart of the relationship between motion time and displacement of five curves, and the abscissa x represents the displacement (mm ), the vertical coordinate y represents the movement time (T) that changes with the displacement; Figure 13 is a comparison diagram of five kinds of curve stiffness and displacement relationship curves, the horizontal coordinate x represents the displacement (mm), and the vertical coordinate F'/(M+m 1 ) Represents the stiffness value that varies with displacement.
图14本发明实施例中证明不同曲面形式滚球隔震支座在没有附加阻尼的情况下耗能能力有限的滞回曲线。图中，横坐标x代表五种曲线的位移(mm)，纵坐标F/(M+m1)代表五种曲线的刚度。Fig. 14 shows the hysteresis curves of the limited energy dissipation capacity of different curved surface ball bearings in the embodiment of the present invention without additional damping. In the figure, the abscissa x represents the displacement (mm) of the five curves, and the ordinate F/(M+m 1 ) represents the stiffness of the five curves.
图中，1 上支座板，2 下支座板，3 变频凹曲面，4 金属滚球，5 上支座板粘滞型阻尼器，6 下支座板粘滞型阻尼器，7 固定螺栓一，8 弹性垫片一，9 固定螺栓二，10 弹性垫片二，11 连接螺栓杆，12 限位挡板，13 凹槽一，14 橡胶防护层，15 固定螺栓三，16 槽形金属平板，17 固定螺栓四，18 螺栓孔，19 槽形金属平板的剖面，20 槽形金属平板的前立面，21 槽形金属平板的侧立面，22 凹槽二。In the figure, 1 upper support plate, 2 lower support plate, 3 frequency conversion concave surface, 4 metal rolling ball, 5 upper support plate viscous damper, 6 lower support plate viscous damper, 7 fixing bolt 1, 8 elastic washer 1, 9 fixing bolt 2, 10 elastic washer 2, 11 connecting bolt rod, 12 limit baffle, 13 groove 1, 14 rubber protective layer, 15 fixing bolt 3, 16 grooved metal plate , 17 fixing bolts four, 18 bolt holes, 19 profile of the grooved metal plate, 20 front elevation of the grooved metal plate, 21 side elevation of the grooved metal plate, 22 groove two.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面，结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。Below, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1-图8所示，本发明带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座，主要包括：上支座板1，下支座板2，变频凹曲面3，不锈钢金属滚球4，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5里端的固定螺栓一7和弹性垫片一8，下支座板2和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的固定螺栓二9和弹性垫片二10，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的外端带螺纹的连接螺栓杆11，防上支座板脱离的限位挡板12，防上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5碰撞的凹槽一13，上支座板1外侧和下支座板2的限位挡板12内侧的橡胶防护层14，下支座板2与基础(或其他固定物)连接的固定螺栓三15，支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板16，槽形金属平板16与上支座板1的固定螺栓四17，固定槽形金属平板16与上支座板1的螺栓孔18，槽形金属平板的剖面19，槽形金属平板的前立面20，槽形金属平板的侧立面21，槽形金属平板16防碰撞到上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的凹槽二22。其具体结构如下：As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 8, the frequency conversion curved ball shock-isolating bearing with viscous damper of the present invention mainly includes: upper bearing plate 1, lower bearing plate 2, frequency conversion concave surface 3, stainless steel metal rolling ball 4. Upper support plate viscous damper 5, lower support plate viscous damper 6, upper support plate viscous damper 5 inside fixed bolt 7 and elastic washer 8, lower support Fixing bolts 2 9 and elastic gasket 2 10 of plate 2 and viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate, outer end belts of viscous damper 5 of the upper support plate and viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate Threaded connecting bolt rod 11, limit baffle plate 12 for preventing upper support plate from detaching, groove 13 for preventing collision of upper support plate viscous damper 5, outer side of upper support plate 1 and lower support plate 2 The rubber protective layer 14 on the inside of the limit baffle plate 12, the fixing bolt three 15 that the lower bearing plate 2 is connected with the foundation (or other fixtures), the grooved metal flat plate 16 that supports the shock absorber, the grooved metal flat plate 16 and the Fixing bolts 4 17 of the upper support plate 1, bolt holes 18 of the fixed grooved metal plate 16 and the upper support plate 1, the section 19 of the grooved metal plate, the front elevation 20 of the grooved metal plate, the grooved metal plate The side elevation 21 of the grooved metal plate 16 is anti-collision to the groove two 22 of the viscous damper 5 of the upper bearing plate. Its specific structure is as follows:
上支座板1、下支座板2按上下相对设置，上支座板1、下支座板2的相对应面上分别设有变频凹曲面3，上支座板1和下支座板2的变频凹曲面3沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组变频凹曲面3之间设置不锈钢金属滚球4。上支座板1的顶部设置上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，上支座板1、下支座板2之间设置下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的一端固定于上支座板1，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的一端固定于下支座板2，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的另一端和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的另一端沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的另一端和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的另一端之间相连。The upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2 are set relative to each other up and down, and the corresponding surfaces of the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2 are respectively provided with frequency conversion concave curved surfaces 3, and the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate The frequency-converting concave curved surfaces 3 of 2 correspond to one group in pairs along the up-down direction, and stainless steel metal rolling balls 4 are arranged between each group of frequency-converting concave curved surfaces 3 . The upper support plate viscous damper 5 is set on the top of the upper support plate 1, the lower support plate viscous damper 6 is set between the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2, and the upper support plate is viscous One end of the viscous damper 5 on the upper support plate is fixed on the upper support plate 1, one end of the viscous damper 6 on the lower support plate is fixed on the lower support plate 2, the other end of the viscous damper 5 on the upper support plate is connected to the lower support plate The other end of the viscous damper 6 on the seat plate corresponds to a group in pairs along the up and down direction, and the other end of the viscous damper 5 on the upper support plate and the other end of the viscous damper 6 on the lower support plate in each group Connected at one end.
上支座板1的顶部罩扣槽形金属平板16，槽形金属平板16的槽形部分与上支座板1之间形成上腔室。四个上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5对称设置于上支座板1与槽形金属平板16之间，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的一端通过配套使用的固定螺栓一7和弹性垫片一8相对安装于上支座板1中心，每个上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的另一端穿过槽形金属平板16侧面的凹槽二22、伸至槽形金属平板16外侧。四个下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6对称设置于上支座板1与下支座板2之间，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的一端通过配套使用的固定螺栓二9和弹性垫片二10相对安装于下支座板2中心，每个下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的另一端伸至下支座板2外侧。所述上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的另一端和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的另一端沿上下方向两两相对应为一组，每组上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6之间通过连接螺栓杆11相连，形成上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6组合结构。The top of the upper support plate 1 is covered with a grooved metal flat plate 16 , and an upper chamber is formed between the grooved part of the grooved metal flat plate 16 and the upper support plate 1 . Four viscous dampers 5 on the upper support plate are arranged symmetrically between the upper support plate 1 and the grooved metal plate 16, and one end of the viscous damper 5 on the upper support plate passes through the fixing bolts 1-7 and Elastic gasket one 8 is relatively installed in the center of the upper support plate 1, and the other end of each upper support plate viscous damper 5 passes through the groove two 22 on the side of the grooved metal plate 16 and extends to the grooved metal plate 16 outside. The four viscous dampers 6 of the lower support plate are arranged symmetrically between the upper support plate 1 and the lower support plate 2, and one end of the viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate is passed through the fixing bolts 2 9 and Elastic spacer 2 10 is relatively installed in the center of the lower support plate 2, and the other end of each lower support plate viscous damper 6 extends to the outside of the lower support plate 2. The other end of the viscous damper 5 on the upper support plate and the other end of the viscous damper 6 on the lower support plate correspond to a group in pairs along the up and down direction, and each group of viscous dampers on the upper support plate The device 5 and the viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate are connected by a connecting bolt rod 11 to form a combined structure of the viscous damper 5 of the upper support plate and the viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate.
上支座板1外侧的四个侧面中部分别开设防上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5碰撞的凹槽一13，每个凹槽一13位于每组上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6之间。除了凹槽一13所在的上支座板1侧面之外，上支座板1外侧的四个侧面粘贴橡胶防护层14。The middle parts of the four sides on the outside of the upper support plate 1 are respectively provided with grooves 13 to prevent the collision of the viscous dampers 5 of the upper support plate. And between the viscous damper 6 of the lower bearing plate. Except for the side of the upper support plate 1 where the groove one 13 is located, the four sides of the upper support plate 1 outside are pasted with a rubber protective layer 14 .
固定槽形金属平板16的四角分别设有螺栓孔18，固定螺栓四17分别穿过螺栓孔18与上支座板1连接。槽形金属平板的剖面19为凹形结构，槽形金属平板的侧立面21的中部分别设有凹槽二22，槽形金属平板的前立面20的中部设有凹槽二22。The four corners of the fixed groove-shaped metal plate 16 are respectively provided with bolt holes 18, and the four fixing bolts 17 pass through the bolt holes 18 and are connected with the upper support plate 1 respectively. The section 19 of the grooved metal flat plate is a concave structure, and the middle part of the side elevation 21 of the grooved metal flat plate is provided with groove two 22 respectively, and the middle part of the front facade 20 of the grooved metal flat plate is provided with the groove two 22.
下支座板2为底面和四个侧面形成的上凹形结构，下支座板2的四个侧面分别为防上支座板脱离的限位挡板12，限位挡板12位于上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6组合结构的外侧，限位挡板12内侧粘贴橡胶防护层14，下支座板2的底面通过均匀分布的固定螺栓三15与基础(或其他固定物)连接。The lower support plate 2 is an upper concave structure formed by the bottom surface and four sides, and the four sides of the lower support plate 2 are respectively limit baffles 12 for preventing the upper support plate from detaching. The outer side of the combined structure of the viscous damper 5 of the seat plate and the viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate, the rubber protective layer 14 is pasted on the inner side of the limit baffle 12, and the bottom surface of the lower support plate 2 is passed through three evenly distributed fixing bolts. 15 is connected with foundation (or other fixtures).
本发明中，变频凹曲面的含义是：变频曲面函数由椭圆函数转化而来的，函数公式：其中，常数b是椭圆短轴长(mm)，d为椭圆长轴和支座位移相关的一个常数，参见文献：Pranesh Murnal and RaviSinha.Behavior of Torsionally Coupled Structures with Variable FrequencyPendulum Isolator[J].JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING,2004,130:1041-1054.In the present invention, the implication of frequency-converting concave surface is: the frequency-converting surface function is transformed by elliptic function, and the function formula is: Among them, the constant b is the length of the minor axis of the ellipse (mm), d is a constant related to the major axis of the ellipse and the displacement of the support, see the literature: Pranesh Murnal and RaviSinha.Behavior of Torsionally Coupled Structures with Variable FrequencyPendulum Isolator[J].JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING, 2004, 130:1041-1054.
如图1所示，本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器变频曲面滚球隔震支座的俯视示意图。本实施例是由支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板16，下支座板2，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，带螺纹的连接螺栓杆11，防上支座板脱离的限位挡板12，上支座板1外侧和下支座板2的限位挡板12内侧的橡胶防护层14，下支座板2与基础(或其他固定物)连接的固定螺栓三15，槽形金属平板16与上支座板1的固定螺栓四17组成。As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a top view schematic diagram of a viscous damper frequency conversion curved ball isolation bearing in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment consists of a trough-shaped metal flat plate 16 supporting the shock-absorbing object, a lower support plate 2, an upper support plate viscous damper 5, a threaded connecting bolt rod 11, and a limiter for preventing the upper support plate from detaching. Baffle plate 12, rubber protective layer 14 on the outside of the upper support plate 1 and the inside of the limit baffle plate 12 of the lower support plate 2, the fixing bolt three 15 connecting the lower support plate 2 with the foundation (or other fixtures), groove Shaped metal flat plate 16 and the fixing bolt four 17 of upper bearing plate 1 are formed.
如图2所示，本发明实施例中滚球隔震支座俯视图的1-1剖面示意图。本实施例是由上支座板1，下支座板2，上、下支座板变频凹曲面3，不锈钢金属滚球4，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5里端的固定螺栓一7和弹性垫片一8，下支座板2和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的固定螺栓二9和弹性垫片二10，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5和下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6的外端带螺纹的连接螺栓杆11，防上支座板脱离的限位挡板12，上支座板1外侧和下支座板2的限位挡板12内侧的橡胶防护层14，下支座板2与基础(或其他固定物)连接的固定螺栓三15，支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板16组成。As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a schematic cross-sectional view of 1-1 of the top view of the ball vibration-isolation bearing in the embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is composed of an upper support plate 1, a lower support plate 2, a frequency-converting concave surface 3 of the upper and lower support plates, a stainless steel metal ball 4, an upper support plate viscous damper 5, and a lower support plate viscous Hysteresis damper 6, fixing bolt 1 7 and elastic washer 1 8 at the inner end of upper support plate 5 of viscous damper, fixing bolt 2 of lower support plate 2 and lower support plate 6 of viscous damper 9 And elastic gasket 2 10, the threaded connecting bolt rod 11 at the outer end of the viscous damper 5 of the upper support plate and the viscous damper 6 of the lower support plate, the limit baffle plate for preventing the upper support plate from detaching 12. Rubber protective layer 14 on the outer side of the upper support plate 1 and the inner side of the limit baffle plate 12 of the lower support plate 2, and the fixing bolts 3 15 connecting the lower support plate 2 to the foundation (or other fixtures) to support shock isolation The trough-shaped metal plate 16 of the object is composed.
安装时，将下支座板2通过固定螺栓三15固定在基础或者其他固定物上，将下支座板粘滞阻尼器6通过弹性垫片二10和固定螺栓二9固定在下支座板2上，将四个不锈钢金属滚球4放置在下支座板2上，在不锈钢金属滚球4上放置上支座板1，将上支座板粘滞阻尼器5通过弹性垫片一8和固定螺栓一7固定在上支座板1上，将槽形金属平板16通过固定螺栓四17固定在上支座板1上。When installing, fix the lower support plate 2 on the foundation or other fixtures through the fixing bolt 3 15, and fix the lower support plate viscous damper 6 on the lower support plate 2 through the elastic gasket 2 10 and the fixing bolt 2 9 Above, place four stainless steel metal rolling balls 4 on the lower support plate 2, place the upper support plate 1 on the stainless steel metal rolling balls 4, and fix the upper support plate viscous damper 5 through the elastic gasket 8 and Bolt one 7 is fixed on the upper support plate 1, and the grooved metal flat plate 16 is fixed on the upper support plate 1 by fixing bolt four 17.
如图3所示，本发明实施例中去掉槽形金属平板后的滚球隔震支座俯视示意图。本实施例是由上支座板1，下支座板2，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，连接螺栓杆11，防上支座板脱离的限位挡板12，上支座板1外侧和下支座板2的限位挡板12内侧的橡胶防护层14，下支座板2与基础(或其他固定物)连接的固定螺栓三15，槽形金属平板16与上支座板1的固定螺栓四17组成。As shown in FIG. 3 , it is a top view schematic diagram of the rolling ball shock-isolation support after removing the trough-shaped metal plate in the embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is composed of an upper support plate 1, a lower support plate 2, an upper support plate viscous damper 5, a connecting bolt rod 11, a limit baffle 12 for preventing the upper support plate from detaching, an upper support plate 1 The outer side and the limit baffle plate 12 of the lower support plate 2, the rubber protective layer 14 on the inner side, the fixing bolts 3 15 connecting the lower support plate 2 with the foundation (or other fixtures), the grooved metal plate 16 and the upper support Plate 1 is composed of four 17 fixing bolts.
如图4所示，本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器的上支座板正面示意图。本实施例是由上支座板1，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，固定螺栓一7，连接螺栓杆11，防上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5碰撞的凹槽一13，上支座板1外侧的橡胶防护层14组成。As shown in FIG. 4 , the front view of the upper support plate with a viscous damper in the embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is composed of the upper support plate 1, the viscous damper 5 of the upper support plate, the fixing bolt 17, the connecting bolt rod 11, the groove 13 for preventing the collision of the viscous damper 5 of the upper support plate, The rubber protective layer 14 on the outside of the upper bearing plate 1 is composed.
如图5所示，本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器的上支座板背面示意图。本实施例是由上支座板1，变频凹曲面3，上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5，连接螺栓杆11，防上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5碰撞的凹槽一13，上支座板1外侧的橡胶防护层14组成。As shown in FIG. 5 , a schematic diagram of the back side of the upper support plate with a viscous damper in the embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment consists of an upper support plate 1, a frequency conversion concave surface 3, an upper support plate viscous damper 5, a connecting bolt rod 11, and a groove 13 for preventing the collision of the upper support plate viscous damper 5, The rubber protective layer 14 on the outside of the upper bearing plate 1 is composed.
如图6所示，本发明实施例中带粘滞型阻尼器和限位挡板的下支座板背面示意图。本实施例是由下支座板2，变频凹曲面3，下支座板粘滞型阻尼器6，固定螺栓二9，防上支座板脱离的限位挡板12，下支座板2的限位挡板12内侧的橡胶防护层14，下支座板2与基础(或其他固定物)连接的固定螺栓三15组成。As shown in FIG. 6 , a schematic diagram of the back side of the lower support plate with a viscous damper and a limit baffle in the embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is composed of the lower support plate 2, the frequency conversion concave surface 3, the lower support plate viscous damper 6, the fixing bolt 2 9, the limit baffle plate 12 for preventing the upper support plate from detaching, and the lower support plate 2 The rubber protective layer 14 of the limit baffle plate 12 inboard, the fixed bolt three 15 that lower support plate 2 is connected with foundation (or other fixtures) are formed.
如图7(a)-图7(b)所示，本发明实施例中支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板的主视图和2-2剖面图。本实施例是由支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板16，槽形金属平板16与上支座板的固定螺栓四17，以及槽形金属平板的剖面19组成。As shown in Fig. 7(a)-Fig. 7(b), the front view and 2-2 sectional view of the trough-shaped metal plate supporting the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is made up of the grooved metal flat plate 16 of support shock absorber, the fixing bolt four 17 of grooved metal flat plate 16 and upper support plate, and the section 19 of grooved metal flat plate.
如图8(a)-图8(c)所示，本发明实施例中支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板的后视图、前立面图和右立面图，本实施例是由支撑隔震物的槽形金属平板16，固定槽形金属平板16与上支座板的螺栓孔18，槽形金属平板的前立面20，槽形金属平板的侧立面21，槽形金属平板16防碰撞到上支座板粘滞型阻尼器5的凹槽二22组成。As shown in Fig. 8(a)-Fig. 8(c), the rear view, the front elevation and the right elevation of the trough-shaped metal plate supporting the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is supported by the The grooved metal plate 16 of the vibration object, the bolt hole 18 for fixing the grooved metal plate 16 and the upper support plate, the front elevation 20 of the grooved metal plate, the side elevation 21 of the grooved metal plate, the grooved metal plate 16 Anti-collision to the groove two 22 of the viscous damper 5 of the upper support plate.
结果表明，本发明以传统滚球隔震支座为基础，在上支座板和下支座板上各加工涂有摩擦系数较小材料(如：聚四氟乙烯等)的变频凹曲面，可达到较佳的隔震效果；同时在支座上附加粘滞型阻尼器，可以有效地解决因滚球摩擦力较小导致耗能能力不足、不容易复位等问题；在下支座板上布置外部的限位挡板，可解决传统滚球支座的上支座板容易倾覆问题。The results show that the present invention is based on the traditional rolling ball shock-isolation bearing, and the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate are respectively processed with frequency-converting concave surfaces coated with materials with a small friction coefficient (such as: polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.), It can achieve a better shock isolation effect; at the same time, adding a viscous damper to the support can effectively solve the problems of insufficient energy dissipation capacity and difficult reset due to the small friction of the rolling ball; it is arranged on the lower support plate The external limit baffle can solve the problem that the upper support plate of the traditional ball bearing is easy to overturn.
Claims (9)
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