CN110615879B - Preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin - Google Patents
Preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin Download PDFInfo
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- CN110615879B CN110615879B CN201911094158.9A CN201911094158A CN110615879B CN 110615879 B CN110615879 B CN 110615879B CN 201911094158 A CN201911094158 A CN 201911094158A CN 110615879 B CN110615879 B CN 110615879B
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- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 102100036284 Hepcidin Human genes 0.000 claims description 13
- 101001021253 Homo sapiens Hepcidin Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 24
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 23
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZNQNBZMBZJQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-azaniumylacetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound NCC(=O)N1CCCC1C(O)=O KZNQNBZMBZJQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- DDRAYWXTTWQAEA-HJXLNUONSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;(2s,4r)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NCC(O)=O.O[C@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 DDRAYWXTTWQAEA-HJXLNUONSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182821 L-proline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002429 proline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/28—Chemically modified polycondensates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin, which comprises the following steps: a) Ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution, paraformaldehyde and a phenolic compound, and then heating for reaction in the presence of an alkali catalyst; b) Stopping heating after the viscosity of the reaction system meets the requirement; then after the temperature is reduced by 5-10 ℃, the water-soluble phenolic resin is mixed with an aldehyde removing agent for reaction to obtain water-soluble phenolic resin; the aldehyde removing agent comprises one or more of gelatin hydrolysate, organic polyamine and methylene hyperbranched product. According to the invention, the reaction materials are uniformly mixed by ultrasonic mixing, so that the uniformity of the reaction materials is ensured, the reaction can be more complete in the subsequent reaction, and the solid content of the product is improved. Then, after the reaction is finished and the temperature is slightly reduced, the specific formaldehyde removing agent is added into the reaction product, so that the residual free formaldehyde in the product is effectively removed, and the safety and the environmental protection of the product are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin.
Background
Phenolic resins prepared by the polycondensation of phenolic compounds with aldehydes have a long history. In the resin and plastic industries, many studies have been made on pure oil-soluble or semi-oil-soluble phenolic resins and the resins have been widely used. The water soluble phenolic resin belongs to the first-order product of phenolic resin, the molecule of the water soluble phenolic resin contains hydroxymethyl functional group or dimethylene ether bond structure, and the water soluble phenolic resin has self-curing performance and is an active intermediate of thermosetting phenolic resin.
Water-soluble phenolic resins have been widely used in the manufacture of coatings, adhesives and various composite materials due to their good heat resistance, flame resistance, water resistance and insulation properties. The solid content of the common water-soluble resin at present is 40-50%, the solid content is low, and the transportation cost of the product is increased. Moreover, the existing commercial phenolic resin has free formaldehyde, which can not meet the increasing environmental protection requirements. Therefore, how to increase the solid content of the water-soluble phenolic resin and remove the free formaldehyde in the water-soluble phenolic resin has become a hotspot and difficulty of industrial research.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing a water-soluble phenolic resin, which has high solid content and does not contain free formaldehyde.
The invention provides a preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin, which comprises the following steps:
a) Ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution, paraformaldehyde and a phenolic compound, and then heating to react in the presence of an alkali catalyst;
b) Stopping heating after the viscosity of the reaction system meets the requirement; then after the temperature is reduced by 5-10 ℃, the water-soluble phenolic resin is mixed with an aldehyde removing agent for reaction to obtain water-soluble phenolic resin;
the aldehyde removing agent comprises one or more of gelatin hydrolysate, organic polyamine and methylene hyperbranched product.
Preferably, in step a), the phenolic compound comprises phenol and/or cresol.
Preferably, in step a), the concentration of the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 32 to 37wt%;
the molar ratio of the formaldehyde in the aqueous formaldehyde solution to the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde is 1: (0.3-19);
the molar ratio of the total molar amount of the formaldehyde in the aqueous formaldehyde solution and the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde to the hydroxyl groups in the phenolic compound is (1.2-2.3): 1.
preferably, in step a), the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic mixing is 25 to 50kHz.
Preferably, in step a), the specific process of ultrasonic mixing comprises:
firstly, ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution and paraformaldehyde, and then ultrasonically mixing a mixture obtained by mixing with a phenolic compound.
Preferably, in step a), the base catalyst comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, barium hydroxide, ammonia water, ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine and hexamethylenediamine.
Preferably, in step a), the temperature of the heating reaction is 50 to 90 ℃.
Preferably, in the step b), the heating is stopped after the viscosity of the reaction system reaches 300 to 2500mpa.s.
Preferably, in step b), the gelatin hydrolysate is prepared according to the following steps:
carrying out hydrolysis reaction on gelatin in water under an alkaline condition or an acidic condition to obtain a gelatin hydrolysate;
the organic polyamine comprises diethylenetriamine and/or triethylene tetramine;
the methylene hyperbranched compound comprises one or more of hyperbranched polyhydroxy poly (amide-ester), hyperbranched polyhydroxy poly (amine-ester) and a terminal group modified hyperbranched compound HAMP;
the end group modified hyperbranched HAMP has a structure of formula (I):
the end group modified hyperbranched product HAMP is prepared by performing end group modification on an end hydroxyl hyperbranched product HBP by ethyl acetoacetate.
Preferably, in the step b), the aldehyde removing agent is used in an amount of 0.05-0.5 wt% of the mass of the reaction system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin, which comprises the following steps: a) Ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution, paraformaldehyde and a phenolic compound, and then heating for reaction in the presence of an alkali catalyst; b) Stopping heating after the viscosity of the reaction system meets the requirement; then after the temperature is reduced by 5-10 ℃, the mixture is mixed with an aldehyde removing agent for reaction to obtain water-soluble phenolic resin; the aldehyde removing agent comprises one or more of gelatin hydrolysate, organic polyamine and methylene hyperbranched product. According to the invention, the reaction materials are uniformly mixed by ultrasonic mixing, so that the uniformity of the reaction materials is ensured, the reaction can be more complete in the subsequent reaction, and the solid content of the product is improved. Then, after the reaction is finished and the temperature is slightly reduced, a specific formaldehyde removing agent is added into a reaction product, so that the residual free formaldehyde of the prepared water-soluble phenolic resin is effectively removed on the basis of keeping the original good heat resistance, flame resistance, water resistance, insulation and other properties, and the safety and the environmental protection of the water-soluble phenolic resin product are greatly improved. Experimental results show that the solid content of the water-soluble phenolic resin prepared by the method is 65-80%, and free formaldehyde is not detected in the resin product.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin, which comprises the following steps:
a) Ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution, paraformaldehyde and a phenolic compound, and then heating to react under the alkali catalysis condition;
b) Stopping heating after the viscosity of the reaction system meets the requirement; then after the temperature is reduced by 5-10 ℃, the water-soluble phenolic resin is mixed with an aldehyde removing agent for reaction to obtain water-soluble phenolic resin;
the aldehyde removing agent comprises one or more of gelatin hydrolysate, organic polyamine and methylene hyperbranched product.
In the present invention, an aqueous formaldehyde solution, paraformaldehyde and a phenolic compound are first ultrasonically mixed. Wherein, the concentration of the formaldehyde aqueous solution is preferably 32-37 wt%, and specifically can be 32wt%, 32.5wt%, 33wt%, 33.5wt%, 34wt%, 34.5wt%, 35wt%, 35.5wt%, 36wt%, 36.5wt% or 37wt%; the polymerization degree of the paraformaldehyde is 3-8; the phenolic compound preferably comprises phenol and/or cresol; the cresol includes, but is not limited to, one or more of o-cresol, m-cresol, and p-cresol; the molar ratio of formaldehyde in the aqueous formaldehyde solution to the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde is preferably 1: (0.3 to 19), specifically, 1; the molar ratio of the total molar amount of formaldehyde in the aqueous formaldehyde solution and the recurring units in the paraformaldehyde to the hydroxyl groups in the phenolic compound is preferably (1.2 to 2.3): 1, specifically can be 1.2; the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic mixing is preferably 25-50 kHz, and specifically can be 25kHz, 30kHz, 35kHz, 40kHz, 45kHz or 50kHz; the time of the ultrasonic mixing is not particularly limited, and the raw materials may be mixed uniformly. In the present invention, the specific process of the ultrasonic mixing preferably includes: firstly, ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution and paraformaldehyde, and then ultrasonically mixing a mixture obtained by mixing with a phenolic compound.
In the invention, after the formaldehyde aqueous solution, the paraformaldehyde and the phenolic compound are uniformly mixed, the alkali catalyst is added into the mixed system, and the mixture is heated for reaction. Wherein, the alkali catalyst preferably comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, barium hydroxide, ammonia water, ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine and hexamethylenediamine. In one embodiment provided by the present invention, the base catalyst comprises ethylenediamine and sodium bicarbonate, and the molar ratio of ethylenediamine to sodium bicarbonate is preferably 1: (2 to 5), specifically 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 or 1:5. In the present invention, the molar ratio of the basic catalyst to the hydroxyl groups in the phenolic compound is preferably (0.1 to 0.4) 1, and specifically may be 0.1; the temperature of the heating reaction is preferably 50 to 90 ℃, and specifically can be 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ or 90 ℃.
In the invention, the viscosity of the reaction system is continuously increased in the heating reaction process, and the heating is stopped after the viscosity of the reaction system meets the requirement. Wherein the desired viscosity is preferably 300 to 2500mpa.s, and specifically may be 300mpa.s, 350mpa.s, 400mpa.s, 420mpa.s, 450mpa.s, 500mpa.s, 600mpa.s, 700mpa.s, 800mpa.s, 900mpa.s, 1000mpa.s, 1100mpa.s, 1200mpa.s, 1300mpa.s, 1400mpa.s, 1500mpa.s, 1600mpa.s, 1700mpa.s, 1800mpa.s, 1900mpa.s, 2000mpa.s, 2100mpa.s, 2200mpa.s, 2300mpa.s, 2400mpa.s or 2500mpa.s.
In the invention, after the heating is stopped, the temperature of the reaction system is gradually reduced, and after the temperature is reduced by 5-10 ℃, the reaction system is mixed with the aldehyde removing agent for reaction. Wherein the aldehyde removing agent preferably comprises one or more of gelatin hydrolysate, organic polyamine and methylene type hyper-branched compound. In the present invention, the gelatin hydrolysate is preferably prepared according to the following steps: and carrying out hydrolysis reaction on the gelatin in water under an alkaline condition or an acidic condition to obtain a gelatin hydrolysate.
In the above-mentioned method for producing a gelatin hydrolysate provided by the present invention, the alkaline condition is preferably provided by sodium hydroxide; the dosage ratio of the gelatin to the water is preferably 1g: (3-10) mL, specifically 1g:3mL, 1g:4mL, 1g:5mL, 1g:6mL, 1g:7mL, 1g:8mL, 1g:9mL or 1g:10mL; the amount of the sodium hydroxide is preferably 0.5 to 2wt%, specifically 0.5wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.9wt%, 1wt%, 1.1wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.3wt%, 1.4wt%, 1.5wt%, 1.6wt%, 1.7wt%, 1.8wt%, 1.9wt% or 2wt%, based on the total mass of the gelatin and water; the sodium hydroxide is preferably added to the reaction system in the form of an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is preferably 15 to 25wt%, specifically 15wt%, 20wt%, or 25wt%; the reaction system of the hydrolysis reaction preferably further comprises a certain amount of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), wherein the amount of the sodium dodecyl sulfate is preferably 0.05 to 0.2wt% of the total mass of the gelatin and the water, and specifically can be 0.05wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.07wt%, 0.08wt%, 0.09wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.11wt%, 0.12wt%, 0.13wt%, 0.14wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.16wt%, 0.17wt%, 0.18wt%, 0.19wt% or 2wt%; the temperature of the hydrolysis reaction is preferably 50-80 ℃, and specifically can be 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃ or 80 ℃; the time of the hydrolysis reaction is preferably 3 to 8 hours, and specifically can be 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours or 8 hours.
In the present invention, the organic polyamine preferably includes diethylenetriamine and/or triethylenetetramine; the methylene-based hyperbranched compound preferably comprises one or more of a hyperbranched polyhydroxy poly (amide-ester), a hyperbranched polyhydroxy poly (amine-ester), and an end-group-modified hyperbranched compound HAMP. Wherein the end-group modified hyperbranched HAMP has the structure of formula (I):
in one embodiment provided by the present invention, the terminal group modified hyperbranched product HAMP is prepared by end-modifying a terminal hydroxyl hyperbranched product HBP with ethyl acetoacetate, and the terminal hydroxyl hyperbranched product HBP has a structure of formula (II):
in the invention, during the mixing reaction of the reaction system after temperature reduction and the aldehyde removing agent, the aldehyde removing agent is preferably used in an amount of 0.05 to 1wt% based on the mass of the reaction system, and specifically may be 0.05wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.45wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.55wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.65wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.75wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.85wt%, 0.9wt%, 0.95wt%, or 1wt%; the temperature of the mixing reaction is preferably 5 to 10 ℃ lower than the temperature of the heating reaction, and is more preferably maintained at the temperature when the reaction system after temperature reduction is ready to be mixed with the aldehyde removing agent; the mixing reaction time is preferably 0.5 to 3 hours, and specifically may be 0.5 hour, 0.6 hour, 0.7 hour, 0.8 hour, 0.9 hour, 1 hour, 1.1 hour, 1.2 hour, 1.3 hour, 1.4 hour, 1.5 hour, 1.6 hour, 1.7 hour, 1.8 hour, 1.9 hour, 2 hour, 2.1 hour, 2.2 hour, 2.3 hour, 2.4 hour, 2.5 hour, 2.6 hour, 2.7 hour, 2.8 hour, 2.9 hour or 3 hours. And after the mixing reaction is finished, obtaining the water-soluble phenolic resin.
According to the invention, the reaction materials are uniformly mixed by ultrasonic mixing, so that the uniformity of the reaction materials is ensured, the reaction can be more complete in the subsequent reaction, and the solid content of the product is improved. Then, after the reaction is finished and the temperature is slightly reduced, a specific formaldehyde removing agent is added into a reaction product, so that the residual free formaldehyde of the prepared water-soluble phenolic resin is effectively removed on the basis of keeping the original good heat resistance, flame resistance, water resistance, insulation and other properties, and the safety and the environmental protection of the water-soluble phenolic resin product are greatly improved. Experimental results show that the solid content of the water-soluble phenolic resin prepared by the method is 65-80%, and free formaldehyde is not detected in the resin product.
For the sake of clarity, the following examples are given in detail.
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-solid-content aldehyde-free water-soluble phenolic resin comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 35wt% of formaldehyde aqueous solution and paraformaldehyde (with the polymerization degree of 3-8) according to the molar ratio of formaldehyde in the formaldehyde aqueous solution to repeat units in the paraformaldehyde of 3:1 by using a tubular ultrasonic device, and then fully mixing the mixture and o-cresol according to the molar ratio of the total molar amount of the formaldehyde in the formaldehyde aqueous solution and the repeat units in the paraformaldehyde to 1.8 of the o-cresol, wherein in the mixing process, the ultrasonic frequency of the tubular ultrasonic device is set to be 30kHz;
(2) Adding a 30wt% barium hydroxide aqueous solution serving as a catalyst into the mixed system obtained in the step (1), wherein the molar ratio of barium hydroxide to o-cresol is 0.4;
(3) Detecting the viscosity of the reaction system in an online tracking manner, stopping heating when the viscosity of the reaction system reaches 420mpa.s, and performing the heating reaction for about 3 hours;
(4) And after the heating is stopped, adding a mixture obtained by deeply hydrolyzing gelatin accounting for 0.05wt% of the reaction system under an alkaline condition when the temperature in the reaction system is reduced to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 30min, and cooling to obtain the high-solid-content formaldehyde-free water-soluble phenolic resin.
In this example, the gelatin was purchased from Zibo hongrong gelatin Co., ltd; the specific operation process and condition parameters of deep hydrolysis under the alkaline condition are as follows:
weighing a certain amount of gelatin in a beaker, then adding a certain amount of water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 6mL to 1g, adding SDS accounting for 0.1wt% of the total mass of the gelatin and the water, transferring the gelatin into a 250mL four-neck flask after the gelatin is completely wetted, adding NaOH aqueous solution (with the concentration of 20 wt%) accounting for 5wt% of the total mass of the gelatin and the water, and reacting at 65 ℃ for 5 hours. After the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged to obtain a supernatant, which was the alkaline hydrolyzed mixture of gelatin prepared in this example. The hydrolysis mixture was found to contain glycine-proline, glycine-hydroxyproline and L-proline with an amino group content of about 2wt%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-solid-content aldehyde-free water-soluble phenolic resin comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 35wt% of formaldehyde aqueous solution and paraformaldehyde (with the polymerization degree of 3-8) according to the molar ratio of formaldehyde in the formaldehyde aqueous solution to the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde of 2:3 by using a tubular ultrasonic device, and then fully mixing the mixture and phenol according to the molar ratio of the total molar amount of formaldehyde in the formaldehyde aqueous solution and the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde to the molar ratio of phenol of 1.8;
(2) Adding a mixture of ethylenediamine and sodium bicarbonate (the molar ratio of the ethylenediamine to the sodium bicarbonate is 1:3) into the mixed system obtained in the step (1) as a compound catalyst, wherein the molar ratio of the compound catalyst to phenol is 0.35;
(3) Detecting the viscosity of the reaction system in an online tracking manner, stopping heating when the viscosity of the reaction system reaches 1800mpa.s, and performing heating reaction for about 6 hours;
(4) And after the heating is stopped, adding diethylenetriamine accounting for 0.2wt% of the reaction system when the temperature in the reaction system is reduced to 85 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1.6h, and cooling to obtain the high-solid-content formaldehyde-free water-soluble phenolic resin.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-solid-content aldehyde-free water-soluble phenolic resin comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 37wt% of formaldehyde aqueous solution and paraformaldehyde (with the polymerization degree of 3-8) according to the molar ratio of formaldehyde in the formaldehyde aqueous solution to the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde of 1;
(2) Adding sodium hydroxide serving as a catalyst into the mixed system obtained in the step (1), wherein the molar ratio of the sodium hydroxide to m-cresol is 0.18;
(3) Detecting the viscosity of the reaction system in an online tracking manner, stopping heating when the viscosity of the reaction system reaches 2500mpa.s, and performing the heating reaction for about 5 hours;
(4) And after the heating is stopped, adding a terminal group modified hyperbranched substance HAMP accounting for 1wt% of the reaction system when the temperature in the reaction system is reduced to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 2 hours, and cooling to obtain the high-solid-content aldehyde-free water-soluble phenolic resin.
In this example, the terminal-modified hyperbranched HAMP was prepared as follows:
adding a proper amount of ethyl acetoacetate and anhydrous K into a four-mouth reaction flask 2 CO 3 Heating to 105 ℃ after stirring uniformly, adding a hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched product HBP (with the structure shown in the formula (II)) into a four-neck reaction flask through a separating funnel, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4 hours. Wherein HBP is available from Weihaichen molecular New Material Co., ltd; anhydrous K 2 CO 3 As a catalyst, the adding amount is 2wt percent of the mass of HBP; the amount of ethyl acetoacetate used was 1.25 times the molar amount of terminal hydroxyl groups of HBP. After the reaction is finished, removing residual ethyl acetoacetate and reaction byproduct ethanol in the reaction system in a rotary evaporator, and adding acetone to wash the obtained product for multiple times (at least three times) for further purification to obtain yellow oily sticky matter, namely the hyperbranched compound HAMP with the structure shown in the formula (I).
And (3) product analysis: 1) FT-IR analysis showed: the number of hydroxyl groups in HAMP obtained by the reaction is reduced relative to HBP; 2) 1 H-NMR detection shows that: the ester exchange reaction of HBP and ethyl acetoacetate is carried out; the GPC measurement results showed that: HAMP has a peak molecular weight of 477.
Comparative example 1
Adding phenol, a 32wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution and a 25wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde to sodium hydroxide is 1.8.
Comparative example 2
Adding phenol, a 37wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution and a 30wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde to sodium hydroxide is 1.8.
Comparative example 3
Adding phenol, a 37wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution and a 30wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (molar ratio is 1.8.
Performance testing
The solid content and the free formaldehyde content of the water-soluble phenolic resins prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 are detected, wherein the detection of the free formaldehyde content refers to the 3.16 free formaldehyde content determination method in GB/T14074-2017. The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 solid content and free Formaldehyde content of Water-soluble phenolic resin
| Name (R) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Solid content wt% | 66 | 73 | 79 | 45 | 50 | 40 |
| Free formaldehyde content wt% | Not detected out | Not detected out | Not detected out | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.11 |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin comprises the following steps:
a) Ultrasonically mixing a formaldehyde aqueous solution, paraformaldehyde and a phenolic compound, and then heating for reaction in the presence of an alkali catalyst;
b) Stopping heating after the viscosity of the reaction system meets the requirement; then after the temperature is reduced by 5-10 ℃, the water-soluble phenolic resin is mixed with an aldehyde removing agent for reaction to obtain water-soluble phenolic resin;
the aldehyde removing agent is a terminal group modified hyperbranched HAMP, and the terminal group modified hyperbranched HAMP has a structure shown in a formula (I):
the dosage of the aldehyde removing agent accounts for 0.05 to 1wt percent of the mass of the reaction system.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step a), the phenolic compound comprises phenol and/or cresol.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step a), the concentration of the aqueous formaldehyde solution is 32 to 37wt%;
the molar ratio of the formaldehyde in the aqueous formaldehyde solution to the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde is 1: (0.3 to 19);
the molar ratio of the total molar amount of the formaldehyde in the aqueous formaldehyde solution and the repeating units in the paraformaldehyde to the hydroxyl groups in the phenolic compound is (1.2-2.3): 1.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic mixing in step a) is 25 to 50kHz.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step a), the specific process of ultrasonic mixing comprises:
the formaldehyde aqueous solution and the paraformaldehyde are firstly ultrasonically mixed, and then the mixture obtained by mixing is ultrasonically mixed with the phenolic compound.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step a), the base catalyst comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, barium hydroxide, ammonia water, ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine and hexamethylenediamine.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heating reaction in the step a) is 50 to 90 ℃.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heating is stopped in the step b) after the viscosity of the reaction system reaches 300 to 2500mpa.s.
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Denomination of invention: A preparation method of water-soluble phenolic resin Effective date of registration: 20231130 Granted publication date: 20221202 Pledgee: Binzhou boxing sub branch of Qilu Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: SHANDONG CHAMBROAD WOODEN BASE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980068758 |