CN110615857A - Method for recycling waste in orange can processing production - Google Patents
Method for recycling waste in orange can processing production Download PDFInfo
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- CN110615857A CN110615857A CN201910802629.0A CN201910802629A CN110615857A CN 110615857 A CN110615857 A CN 110615857A CN 201910802629 A CN201910802629 A CN 201910802629A CN 110615857 A CN110615857 A CN 110615857A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0045—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Galacturonans, e.g. methyl ester of (alpha-1,4)-linked D-galacturonic acid units, i.e. pectin, or hydrolysis product of methyl ester of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units, i.e. pectinic acid; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0048—Processes of extraction from organic materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waste recovery method for orange can processing production, which comprises the following steps: mixing the waste orange peel with the acidic waste liquid to obtain a mixed solution, and dissolving pectin of the orange peel into the mixed solution; solid-liquid separation: after the pectin dissolving step is finished, separating solid matters in the mixed solution from the solution of the mixed solution, wherein the solution of the mixed solution obtained by separation is a solution to be processed; decoloring and concentrating: after the solid-liquid separation step, concentrating the solution to be processed to reduce the moisture content of the liquid to be processed and make the solution to be processed colorless; after the steps of decoloring and concentrating, adding ethanol into the solution to be processed so that pectin in the solution to be processed forms a precipitate; the precipitate was filtered off and dried to obtain pectin. The invention can realize the recovery of the acidic wastewater and the orange peel, obtains more pectin, can prepare cattle and sheep feed and the like from the separated solid substances, and has strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste recovery method, in particular to a waste recovery method for orange can processing production.
Background
China is a large orange production country, the yield is the first world, except that good-quality oranges (accounting for 30 percent) are used for daily eating, most of the oranges are mainly used for being processed into cans for sale and account for more than 60 percent of world trade volume, however, the orange processing process uses water and waste is also a large household, the treatment of wastewater pollution and the recycling of water resources have pressure on two aspects of processing cost and environmental supervision, particularly, a large amount of orange peels are produced in the orange can processing production process, acid and alkaline wastewater containing a large amount of organic pollutants (including pectin) needs to be discharged, the existence of the pectin easily causes the blockage of a pipe network and a valve of a sewage treatment system, the surface of a treatment pool is serious, the sewage treatment cannot normally run, and the standard discharge is difficult.
In order to solve the problem of sewage treatment, many scientific researchers have carried out many research works and proposed different technical solutions, and patent document with patent number CN1884143A directly extracts acidic wastewater, however, the pectin content in acidic wastewater is usually too low at 2500-.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a waste recovery method for orange can processing production, which can realize the recovery of acid wastewater and orange peel, can obtain more pectin at one time and has strong practicability.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for recycling waste in orange can processing production comprises the following steps:
pectin dissolving out step: mixing the waste orange peel with the acidic waste liquid to obtain a mixed solution, and dissolving pectin of the orange peel into the mixed solution;
solid-liquid separation: after the pectin dissolving step is finished, separating solid matters in the mixed solution from the solution of the mixed solution, wherein the solution of the mixed solution obtained by separation is a solution to be processed;
decoloring and concentrating: after the solid-liquid separation step, concentrating the solution to be processed to reduce the moisture content of the solution to be processed, and decoloring the solution to be processed to make the solution to be processed colorless;
alcohol precipitation extraction: after the steps of decoloring and concentrating, adding ethanol into the solution to be processed so that pectin in the solution to be processed forms a precipitate; the precipitate was filtered off and dried to obtain pectin.
Further, in the pectin-dissolving step, pectin of orange peel is dissolved into the mixed solution by the following steps: and putting the mixed solution into a cooking container, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3.4-4 by using alkali or hydrochloric acid, and cooking the mixed solution to dissolve the pectin of the orange peel into the mixed solution.
Further, in the pectin dissolving step, in the process of cooking the mixed solution, the cooking container is in a negative pressure state with the pressure value of 900-950 hPa; the cooking temperature is 80-85 deg.C, and the time is 30-60 min.
Further, the gas in the cooking container is led out through an induced draft fan to enable the cooking container to be in a negative pressure state, wherein the induced draft pressure of the induced draft fan is controlled to be 350-450 Pa, and the led-out air volume of the induced draft fan is 400m3/h。
Further, in the pectin dissolving step, before the orange peel is mixed with the acidic waste liquid, the orange peel is subjected to wall breaking and crushing, and after the mixed solution is obtained, the orange peel is soaked in the acidic waste liquid, so that the pectin of the orange peel is dissolved into the acidic waste liquid.
Further, when ethanol is added in the alcohol precipitation extraction step, the volume ratio of ethanol to the solution to be processed is 2.5: 1.
Further, before the pectin dissolving step, squeezing orange peel to obtain a mixture of water and orange oil, concentrating and filtering the mixture of water and orange oil to obtain an orange oil primary product, and standing and layering the orange oil primary product to obtain an orange oil crude product; and mixing the squeezed orange peel with the acidic waste liquid in the pectin dissolving step.
Further, the waste recovery method for orange can processing production further comprises an alkaline waste liquid recovery step, wherein the alkaline waste liquid recovery step comprises the following steps:
s1, performing filter pressing treatment on the alkaline waste liquid to remove solid matters in the alkaline waste liquid;
s2, after the step S1, concentrating the alkaline waste liquid to reduce the moisture content of the alkaline waste liquid, and decoloring the alkaline waste liquid to make the alkaline waste liquid colorless;
s3, after the step S2, adding hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to the alkaline waste liquid to adjust the pH of the alkaline waste liquid to 4.5;
s4, after the step S3, adding ethanol to the alkaline waste liquid to precipitate pectin in the alkaline waste liquid; and taking out the precipitate and drying to obtain the pectin.
Further, mixing the solid matter obtained in the solid-liquid separation step and the solid matter obtained in the alkaline waste liquid recovery step according to any mass ratio of 1:3-1:4, adding water, uniformly stirring, performing PH neutralization operation, then adding bone meal, bean cake and shell powder, uniformly stirring, and performing drying molding to obtain the cattle and sheep feed.
Further, mixing the solid matter obtained in the solid-liquid separation step and the solid matter obtained in the alkaline waste liquid recovery step according to any mass ratio of 1:3-1:4, adding water, stirring uniformly, performing pH neutralization operation, then adding an organic fertilizer inoculant for fermentation, and adding N, P, K elements after fermentation to obtain the compound organic fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the waste fresh orange peel and the acidic waste liquid are mixed, and then the pectin in the orange peel is dissolved into the mixed solution by matching with the pectin dissolving step, at the moment, the orange peel is recycled, the pectin content is improved, and then the pectin dissolved from the orange peel and the pectin in the acidic waste liquid are obtained through the steps of solid-liquid separation, decoloration, concentration and alcohol precipitation extraction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for recycling the waste from the processing of canned orange.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
Fig. 1 shows a method for recycling waste from orange can processing, which comprises the following steps:
pectin dissolving out step: mixing the waste orange peel with the acidic waste liquid to obtain a mixed solution, and dissolving pectin of the orange peel into the mixed solution;
solid-liquid separation: after the pectin dissolving step is finished, separating solid matters in the mixed solution from the solution of the mixed solution, wherein the solution of the mixed solution obtained by separation is a solution to be processed; the solid substances comprise the orange peel residues, and substances such as tendons, skin sacs and the like generated in the orange can processing process in the acidic waste liquid; it should be noted that, in the solid-liquid separation step, the mixed solution can be treated by using the existing filter press or centrifuge to realize solid-liquid separation;
decoloring and concentrating: after the step of solid-liquid separation, concentrating the solution to be processed to reduce the moisture content of the solution to be processed, specifically, the concentration operation can be realized by heating and concentrating the solution to be processed or by performing membrane ultrafiltration on the solution to be processed by a membrane ultrafiltration machine, wherein acidic wastewater without pectin can be obtained after the solution to be processed is treated by the membrane ultrafiltration machine and can be reused in the processing technology of canned oranges; and the solution to be processed is decolorized so as to make the solution to be processed colorless; it should be noted here that, in the above-mentioned decoloring and concentrating steps, decoloring and concentrating may be performed first, or concentrating and decoloring may be performed first, or a decoloring operation is performed during the concentrating process;
alcohol precipitation extraction: after the steps of decoloring and concentrating, adding ethanol into the solution to be processed so that pectin in the solution to be processed forms a precipitate; the precipitate was filtered off and dried to obtain pectin.
On the basis of the steps, the orange peel is recycled through the pectin dissolving step, and the content of pectin in the mixed solution is increased; then solid-liquid separation step is carried out to remove solid matters, so that interference on precipitates formed in the subsequent alcohol precipitation extraction step is avoided; meanwhile, the concentration principle is matched to reduce the moisture content of the solution to be processed and filter out acid water, so that the subsequent ethanol consumption can be saved, and the cost is reduced; decoloring the solution to be processed to enable the mixed solution to be colorless, and improving the cleanness degree of the pectin; then, a large amount of pectin precipitate can be obtained by the step of alcohol precipitation extraction, and meanwhile, the precipitate does not need to be cleaned, and clean pectin can be obtained after drying treatment.
Specifically, in the pectin dissolution step, the dissolution of pectin from oranges can be achieved by two embodiments:
in the first embodiment, in the pectin-dissolving step, pectin of orange peel is dissolved into the mixed solution by: putting the mixed solution into a cooking container, and taking the acidic waste liquid as the optimal scheme that the orange peel can be completely immersed, so that the complete cooking of the orange peel can be realized in the subsequent cooking process; in actual operation, the mass ratio of the orange peel to the acidic waste liquid is preferably any one of the ratio of 1:2 to 1: 3; adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 3.4-4 by using alkali or hydrochloric acid, wherein the pectin has good stability; and then cooking the mixed solution, so that the pectin can be stably dissolved into the mixed solution.
Specifically, in the first embodiment, during the process of cooking the mixed solution, the cooking container is in a negative pressure state with a pressure value between 900 and 950hPa, so that the decomposition of the pectin part is avoided by controlling the pressure; the cooking temperature is 80-85 ℃, the time is 30-60min, and further the problem that the recovery rate and the pectin quality are influenced due to partial decomposition of the pectin caused by too long cooking time is avoided.
More specifically, the gas in the cooking container is led out through an induced draft fan to enable the cooking container to be in a negative pressure state, wherein the induced draft pressure of the induced draft fan is controlled to be 350-450 Pa, and the led-out air volume of the induced draft fan is 400m3/h。
In the second embodiment, in the pectin dissolving step, before the orange peel is mixed with the acidic waste liquid, the orange peel is subjected to wall breaking and crushing, at this time, the cell wall of the orange peel is broken to release pectin and water in the cells of the orange peel, and after the mixed solution is obtained, the orange peel is soaked in the acidic waste liquid to dissolve the pectin of the orange peel into the acidic waste liquid.
Specifically, in the second embodiment, a high-speed crusher may be used to perform wall breaking and crushing treatment on the orange peel, the actual operating speed of the wall breaking machine is controlled at 15000 rpm, and the cutting frequency is controlled at 150000 rpm, so as to achieve superfine crushing, rapidly break the cell wall of the orange peel and release intracellular pectin. More specifically, the mixed solution can be heated to about 50 ℃ to fully dissolve the pectin into the mixed solution, and the heating is also favorable for solidifying the pectin, thereby being favorable for solid-liquid separation.
Moreover, after the alcohol precipitation and extraction step, the alcohol in the solution to be processed can be recovered through the alcohol recovery device, the waste water treatment load of the waste solution to be processed is greatly reduced, the treatment effect of the solution to be processed is ensured, even the solution to be processed can be treated to reach a better discharge standard, and meanwhile, the sewage treatment cost can also be greatly reduced.
Further, when ethanol is added in the alcohol precipitation extraction step, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the solution to be processed is 2.5:1, and when the mass fraction of the alcohol in the mixed solution is more than 60%, the alcohol precipitation effect is optimal for pectin quality.
Preferably, prior to the pectin solubilization step, the orange peel is pressed to obtain a water and orange oil mixture, wherein the orange peel can be pressed using a screw press model DRB-0.5T; concentrating and filtering a mixture of water and orange oil to obtain an orange oil primary product, standing and layering the orange oil primary product for more than 2 hours, layering the orange oil and water, and obtaining the orange oil positioned on the upper layer to obtain an orange oil crude product, so that orange peel can be further recycled; and then mixing the squeezed orange peel with the acidic waste liquid in the pectin dissolving step, namely putting the squeezed orange peel into the cooking container in the first embodiment or the wall breaking machine in the second embodiment.
In order to recover the waste generated in the orange can processing, preferably, the waste recovery method in the orange can processing further comprises an alkaline waste liquid recovery step, wherein the alkaline waste liquid recovery step comprises the following steps:
s1, performing filter pressing treatment on the alkaline waste liquid to remove solid matters in the alkaline waste liquid;
s2, after the step S1, concentrating the alkaline waste liquid to reduce the moisture content of the alkaline waste liquid, thereby reducing the use amount of hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid in the pH adjustment in the step S3; carrying out decoloration treatment on the alkaline waste liquid to enable the alkaline waste liquid to be colorless; here, the concentration treatment can be realized by heating and evaporating, or by performing membrane ultrafiltration treatment by using a membrane ultrafilter, wherein when the membrane ultrafilter is used for treating alkaline waste liquid, alkaline liquid can be recovered, and the alkaline liquid can be reused in the orange can processing technology;
s3, after the step S2, adding hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to the alkaline waste liquid to adjust the pH of the alkaline waste liquid to 4.5;
s4, after the step S3, adding ethanol to the alkaline waste liquid to precipitate pectin in the alkaline waste liquid; and taking out the precipitate and drying to obtain the pectin.
After the precipitate is taken out after the step S4, the ethanol in the alkaline waste liquid may be recovered by an alcohol recovery unit.
Specifically, the solid matter obtained in the solid-liquid separation step and the solid matter obtained in the alkaline waste liquid recovery step can be mixed according to any mass ratio of 1:3-1:4, water is added and stirred uniformly, the PH neutralization operation is carried out, then bone meal, bean cakes and shell powder are added and stirred uniformly, and drying molding is carried out to obtain the cattle and sheep feed.
And moreover, the invention also provides a preferable mode, the solid matter obtained in the solid-liquid separation step and the solid matter obtained in the alkaline waste liquid recovery step are mixed according to any mass ratio of 1:3-1:4, water is added and stirred uniformly, the PH neutralization operation is carried out, then an organic fertilizer inoculant is added, the rapid heating fermentation is carried out, the organic fiber is thoroughly decomposed, the content of amino acid and vitamin components is improved, the basic fertilizer quality is improved, the pile turning is carried out in time in the fermentation process, when the pile temperature is higher than 70 ℃, the water is supplemented properly for controlling the temperature, and when the pile temperature is not higher than 70 ℃, and the fermentation is finished when the pile temperature is brown. After fermentation, N, P, K elements are added, and the product can be analyzed according to the ratio of N: p2O5：K2Adding O in the ratio of 3:1:3 to obtain the high-quality compound organic fertilizer which can be used for soil improvement. The formed compound organic fertilizer contains a small amount of citrinin, orange oil and the like, and can also inhibit plant diseases and insect pests.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recycling waste in orange can processing production is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pectin dissolving out step: mixing the waste orange peel with the acidic waste liquid to obtain a mixed solution, and dissolving pectin of the orange peel into the mixed solution;
solid-liquid separation: after the pectin dissolving step is finished, separating solid matters in the mixed solution from the solution of the mixed solution, wherein the solution of the mixed solution obtained by separation is a solution to be processed;
decoloring and concentrating: after the solid-liquid separation step, concentrating the solution to be processed to reduce the moisture content of the solution to be processed, and decoloring the solution to be processed to make the solution to be processed colorless;
alcohol precipitation extraction: after the steps of decoloring and concentrating, adding ethanol into the solution to be processed so that pectin in the solution to be processed forms a precipitate; the precipitate was filtered off and dried to obtain pectin.
2. The method for recycling waste from orange can manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein in the pectin-dissolving step, pectin of orange peel is dissolved into the mixed solution by the following steps: and putting the mixed solution into a cooking container, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3.4-4 by using alkali or hydrochloric acid, and cooking the mixed solution to dissolve the pectin of the orange peel into the mixed solution.
3. The method for recycling the wastes generated in the orange can manufacturing process as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the pectin leaching step, the pressure value of the cooking container is set at a negative pressure of 900-950hPa during the cooking process of the mixed solution; the cooking temperature is 80-85 deg.C, and the time is 30-60 min.
4. The method for recycling waste generated in orange can production as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cooking container is under negative pressure by drawing out the gas from the cooking container through an induced draft fan, wherein the induced draft pressure of the induced draft fan is controlled to be 350Pa to 450Pa, and the drawn-out air volume of the induced draft fan is 400m3/h。
5. The method for recycling waste from orange can manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the pectin leaching step, the orange peel is broken and crushed before being mixed with the acidic waste liquid, and after the orange peel is soaked in the acidic waste liquid, the pectin of the orange peel is leached into the acidic waste liquid.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to solution to be processed is 2.5:1 when ethanol is added in the step of alcohol precipitation.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein prior to the pectin extraction step, the orange peel is pressed to obtain a mixture of water and orange oil, the mixture of water and orange oil is concentrated and filtered to obtain a first orange oil product, and the first orange oil product is allowed to stand and separate into layers to obtain a crude orange oil product; and mixing the squeezed orange peel with the acidic waste liquid in the pectin dissolving step.
8. The method for recycling waste from orange can manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for recycling waste from orange can manufacturing further comprises an alkaline waste liquid recycling step, wherein the alkaline waste liquid recycling step comprises the steps of:
s1, performing filter pressing treatment on the alkaline waste liquid to remove solid matters in the alkaline waste liquid;
s2, after the step S1, concentrating the alkaline waste liquid to reduce the moisture content of the alkaline waste liquid, and decoloring the alkaline waste liquid to make the alkaline waste liquid colorless;
s3, after the step S2, adding hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to the alkaline waste liquid to adjust the pH of the alkaline waste liquid to 4.5;
s4, after the step S3, adding ethanol to the alkaline waste liquid to precipitate pectin in the alkaline waste liquid; and taking out the precipitate and drying to obtain the pectin.
9. The method for recycling waste generated in orange can processing and production as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid matter obtained in the solid-liquid separation step and the solid matter obtained in the alkaline waste liquid recycling step are mixed according to any mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:4, water is added to the mixture to be uniformly stirred, and the pH neutralization operation is performed, then the bone meal, the bean cake and the shell powder are added to the mixture to be uniformly stirred and dried and molded, so that the cattle and sheep feed is prepared.
10. The method for recycling the waste generated in the orange can manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid matter obtained in the solid-liquid separation step and the solid matter obtained in the alkaline waste liquid recycling step are mixed according to any mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:4, water is added to the mixture and the mixture is stirred uniformly, the pH neutralization operation is carried out, then an organic fertilizer inoculant is added to the mixture for fermentation, and N, P, K elements are added to the mixture after the fermentation, so as to obtain the compound organic fertilizer.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021000706A1 (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2021-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for joint recovery of pectin in citrus rinds and in alkaline/acidic water from canning of citrus fruits |
| CN113150869A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-23 | 江南大学 | Method for continuously extracting essential oil, pectin and hesperidin from orange peel |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1100106A (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1995-03-15 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for extracting low ester pectin from citrus waste |
| CN1526738A (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-08 | 武汉化工学院 | Method of preparing pectin with orange peel |
| CN1749379A (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2006-03-22 | 中南大学 | Method for extracting orange oil and pectin from organic skin |
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2019
- 2019-08-28 CN CN201910802629.0A patent/CN110615857A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1100106A (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1995-03-15 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for extracting low ester pectin from citrus waste |
| CN1526738A (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2004-09-08 | 武汉化工学院 | Method of preparing pectin with orange peel |
| CN1749379A (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2006-03-22 | 中南大学 | Method for extracting orange oil and pectin from organic skin |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021000706A1 (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2021-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for joint recovery of pectin in citrus rinds and in alkaline/acidic water from canning of citrus fruits |
| CN113150869A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-23 | 江南大学 | Method for continuously extracting essential oil, pectin and hesperidin from orange peel |
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Application publication date: 20191227 |