CN110610595A - Geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion - Google Patents
Geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster early warning, in particular to a geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion. The Beidou water vapor inversion-based geological disaster early warning method can accurately and comprehensively carry out forecast early warning on the amount of the atmospheric rainfall, and provides an early warning method for geological disaster monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster early warning, in particular to a geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion.
Background
The formation and occurrence of geological disasters are closely related to rainfall, and almost all geological disasters can not be separated from the action of the rainwater in the formation process. The influence of meteorological factors on the formation of geological disasters is remarkable, and particularly, heavy rainfall is an important factor for inducing geological disasters. On one hand, the soft structural surface is softened after being soaked by rain erosion, the shear strength of the structural surface is reduced, and the formation of a sliding surface is accelerated; on the other hand, rainfall causes soil saturation, the weight of the slope rock-soil mass is increased, the gliding force is increased along with the weight of the slope rock-soil mass, the mechanical balance of the slope rock-soil mass is damaged, and geological disasters are induced. At present, conditions such as difficult monitoring or untimely monitoring and the like generally exist in the monitoring of rainfall in geological disasters, and the geological disasters caused by the rainfall are difficult to monitor and early warn.
Therefore, how to solve the problem of monitoring rainfall during geological disasters is an urgent problem to be solved by the technical staff in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a geological disaster early warning method based on water vapor inversion, which is not influenced by time and space, can carry out real-time atmospheric degradable water quantity monitoring, forecasting and early warning on a geological disaster area all day long and all day long, and improves the capability of geological disaster monitoring and early warning.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion comprises the following steps:
(1) the geological disaster monitoring point receives satellite data according to the monitoring equipment;
(2) the geological disaster monitoring point transmits satellite data to a data center in a wireless transmission mode, and monitoring data are obtained after processing and analysis;
(3) the monitoring data is processed and analyzed through water vapor inversion to calculate the amount of atmospheric degradable water;
(4) the data center sends the data of the atmospheric precipitation to an early warning center for processing;
(5) the early warning center compares the atmospheric precipitation with a set threshold value;
(6) and if the threshold value is exceeded, the early warning information is used for warning the geological disaster department through warning equipment.
The invention is further configured to: the monitoring equipment is a Beidou/GNSS receiver, and satellite data can be received in real time through a signal antenna on the Beidou/GNSS receiver.
The invention is further configured to: the transmission equipment of the wireless transmission mode is a wireless transmission module and provides flow transmission through a mobile phone card.
The invention is further configured to: the monitoring data is obtained by converting satellite data through TEQC software.
The invention is further configured to: the water vapor inversion can be used for obtaining the atmospheric degradable water content by utilizing monitoring data through data processing and conversion through GAMITT software.
The invention is further configured to: the calculation method of the atmospheric water reducible quantity comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: calculating zenith total delay
Troposphere propagation velocity of the Beidou signal: v ═ c/n, wheren is the atmospheric refractive index, the total tropospheric delay Δ L is:
in equation (1): (S-G) represents the portion of the path increase due to the signal, which is about 0.1% of the total delay, and therefore neglected,. DELTA.L is further represented as:
ΔL＝∫[n-1]ds (2)
the calculation formula of the atmospheric refractive index is as follows:
in equation (4): each of k 1-77.604, k 2-64.790, and k 3-3.776 is a constant relating to the refractive index of the atmosphere, T is the absolute temperature, Nd is the dry refractive index,nw is the wet refractive index, Pd and Pv are the dry air partial pressure and the water vapor partial pressure respectively,is the compression factor of dry air and water vapor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
and (3) delaying the troposphere along the height integral to obtain the total delay of the Beidou zenith direction:
as can be seen from equation (7), the tropospheric delay consists of two parts: the first part being a static delayCaused by dry air in the atmosphere; another part is non-static force delayThe delay caused by water vapor in the atmosphere can be further simplified as follows:
ZTD＝ZHD+ZWD (8)
in equation (8): ZTD is zenith total delay, ZHD is zenith static delay, and ZWD is zenith direction wet delay;
the second step is that: computing zenith static delay
Adopting a Saastamoinen model, wherein the calculation formula of the model is as follows:
in the formula (9), Ps is the ground air pressure/hPa, H is the altitude/km of the measuring station, phi is the latitude/rad of the measuring station, and the subscript S represents a Saastamoinen model;
the third step: computing zenith wet delay and PWV
The formulation of the zenith wet delay ZWD and the amount of atmospheric water reducible PWV is as follows:
the conversion coefficient pi is calculated as follows
In the formula (11), ρ w is the water vapor density, Rv is the water vapor gas constant, Mv and Md are the water vapor and dry air molecular molar masses, K1, K2 and K3 are the atmospheric refractive indexes, K1 ═ 77.6890K · hPa-1, K2 ═ 71.2952K · hPa-1, K3 ═ 375463K2 · hPa-1, Tm is the atmospheric weighted average temperature, and the formula includes:
in the formula, H is height/km of the measuring station; e is the water vapor pressure; t is the absolute temperature; es is the saturated water vapor pressure; es0 is the saturated water vapor pressure obtained at 0 degrees celsius (6.11 hPa); for the water surface: a0 ═ 7.5, b0 ═ 273.3; for ice surfaces: since it is difficult to obtain a strict integral value of Tm, a0 is 9.5 and b0 is 265.7, this value is usually 0.15.
7. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: after the early warning center obtains the atmospheric degradable water volume, the early warning center issues early warning information by comparing with a set threshold value; the early warning information can be issued to people and related departments in the geological disaster area in real time through mails, short messages, broadcasts and sound-light alarm equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the Beidou water vapor inversion-based geological disaster early warning method, the atmospheric degradable rainfall can be monitored in real time all day long and all day long, the limitation of time, space and environment is avoided, and a monitoring means is provided for monitoring geological disaster influence factors;
(2) the Beidou water vapor inversion-based geological disaster early warning method can accurately and comprehensively carry out forecast early warning on the amount of the atmospheric rainfall, and provides an early warning method for geological disaster monitoring.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a geological disaster early warning process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easily understood, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the Beidou water vapor inversion-based geological disaster early warning method comprises the following steps:
(1) the geological disaster monitoring point receives satellite data according to the monitoring equipment;
(2) the geological disaster monitoring point transmits satellite data to a data center in a wireless transmission mode, and monitoring data are obtained after processing and analysis;
(3) the monitoring data is processed and analyzed through water vapor inversion to calculate the amount of atmospheric degradable water;
(4) the data center sends the data of the atmospheric precipitation to an early warning center for processing;
(5) the early warning center compares the atmospheric precipitation with a set threshold value;
(6) and if the threshold value is exceeded, the early warning information is used for warning the geological disaster department through warning equipment.
The invention is further configured to: the monitoring equipment is a Beidou/GNSS receiver, and satellite data can be received in real time through a signal antenna on the Beidou/GNSS receiver.
The invention is further configured to: the transmission equipment of the wireless transmission mode is a wireless transmission module and provides flow transmission through a mobile phone card.
The invention is further configured to: the monitoring data is obtained by converting satellite data through TEQC software.
The invention is further configured to: the water vapor inversion can be carried out by utilizing monitoring data through GAMIT software and carrying out data processing conversion to obtain the atmospheric degradable water yield.
The invention is further configured to: the calculation method of the atmospheric water reducible quantity is as follows:
the first step is as follows: calculating zenith total delay
Troposphere propagation velocity of the Beidou signal: v ═ c/n, wheren is the atmospheric refractive index, the total tropospheric delay Δ L is:
in equation (1): (S-G) represents the portion of the path increase due to the signal, which is about 0.1% of the total delay, and therefore neglected,. DELTA.L is further represented as:
ΔL＝∫[n-1]ds (2)
the calculation formula of the atmospheric refractive index is as follows:
in equation (4): k 1-77.604, k 2-64.790, and k 3-3.776 are constants related to the refractive index of the atmosphere, T is absolute temperature, Nd is dry refractive index, Nw is wet refractive index, Pd and Pv are respectively dry air partial pressure and water vapor partial pressure,is the compression factor of dry air and water vaporThe calculation formula is as follows:
and (3) delaying the troposphere along the height integral to obtain the total delay of the Beidou zenith direction:
as can be seen from equation (7), the tropospheric delay consists of two parts: the first part being a static delayCaused by dry air in the atmosphere; another part is non-static force delayThe delay caused by water vapor in the atmosphere can be further simplified as follows:
ZTD＝ZHD+ZWD (8)
in equation (8): ZTD is zenith total delay, ZHD is zenith static delay, and ZWD is zenith direction wet delay;
the second step is that: computing zenith static delay
Adopting a Saastamoinen model, wherein the calculation formula of the model is as follows:
in the formula (9), Ps is the ground air pressure/hPa, H is the altitude/km of the measuring station, phi is the latitude/rad of the measuring station, and the subscript S represents a Saastamoinen model;
the third step: computing zenith wet delay and PWV
The expression formula for the zenith wet delay ZWD and the amount of atmospheric water reducible PWV is as follows:
the conversion coefficient pi is calculated as follows
In the formula (11), ρ w is the water vapor density, Rv is the water vapor gas constant, Mv and Md are the water vapor and dry air molecular molar masses, K1, K2 and K3 are the atmospheric refractive indexes, K1 ═ 77.6890K · hPa-1, K2 ═ 71.2952K · hPa-1, K3 ═ 375463K2 · hPa-1, Tm is the atmospheric weighted average temperature, and the formula includes:
in the formula, H is height/km of the measuring station; e is the water vapor pressure; t is the absolute temperature; es is the saturated water vapor pressure; es0 is the saturated water vapor pressure obtained at 0 degrees celsius (6.11 hPa); for the water surface: a0 ═ 7.5, b0 ═ 273.3; for ice surfaces: since it is difficult to obtain a strict integral value of Tm, a0 is 9.5 and b0 is 265.7, this value is usually 0.15.
As shown in fig. 1, after the early warning center obtains the atmospheric degradable water amount, the early warning center issues early warning information by comparing with a set threshold; the early warning information can be issued to people and related departments in the geological disaster area in real time through mails, short messages, broadcasts and sound-light alarm equipment.
The electrical components that appear in this application all external intercommunication power when using.
The circuit and electrical components and modules referred to are prior art and are fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and it is not necessary to state that the invention is not directed to software and process improvements.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions set forth above are illustrative only of the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the geological disaster monitoring point receives satellite data according to the monitoring equipment;
(2) the geological disaster monitoring point transmits satellite data to a data center in a wireless transmission mode, and monitoring data are obtained after processing and analysis;
(3) the monitoring data is processed and analyzed through water vapor inversion to calculate the amount of atmospheric degradable water;
(4) the data center sends the data of the atmospheric precipitation to an early warning center for processing;
(5) the early warning center compares the atmospheric precipitation with a set threshold value;
(6) and if the threshold value is exceeded, the early warning information is used for warning the geological disaster department through warning equipment.
2. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the monitoring equipment is a Beidou/GNSS receiver, and satellite data can be received in real time through a signal antenna on the Beidou/GNSS receiver.
3. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the transmission equipment of the wireless transmission mode is a wireless transmission module and provides flow transmission through a mobile phone card.
4. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the monitoring data is obtained by converting satellite data through TEQC software.
5. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the water vapor inversion can be used for obtaining the atmospheric degradable water content by utilizing monitoring data through data processing and conversion through GAMITT software.
6. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the calculation method of the atmospheric water reducible quantity comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: calculating zenith total delay
Troposphere propagation velocity of the Beidou signal: v ═ c/n, wheren is the atmospheric refractive index, the total tropospheric delay Δ L is:
in equation (1): (S-G) represents the portion of the path increase due to the signal, which is about 0.1% of the total delay, and therefore neglected,. DELTA.L is further represented as:
the calculation formula of the atmospheric refractive index is as follows:
in equation (4): k 1-77.604, k 2-64.790, and k 3-3.776 are constants related to the refractive index of the atmosphere, T is absolute temperature, Nd is dry refractive index, Nw is wet refractive index, Pd and Pv are respectively dry air partial pressure and water vapor partial pressure,is the compression factor of dry air and water vapor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
and (3) delaying the troposphere along the height integral to obtain the total delay of the Beidou zenith direction:
as can be seen from equation (7), the tropospheric delay consists of two parts: the first part being a static delayCaused by dry air in the atmosphere; another part is non-static force delayThe delay caused by water vapor in the atmosphere can be further simplified as follows:
ZTD＝ZHD+ZWD (8)
in equation (8): ZTD is zenith total delay, ZHD is zenith static delay, and ZWD is zenith direction wet delay;
the second step is that: computing zenith static delay
Adopting a Saastamoinen model, wherein the calculation formula of the model is as follows:
in the formula (9), Ps is the ground air pressure/hPa, H is the altitude/km of the measuring station, phi is the latitude/rad of the measuring station, and the subscript S represents a Saastamoinen model;
the third step: computing zenith wet delay and PWV
The formulation of the zenith wet delay ZWD and the amount of atmospheric water reducible PWV is as follows:
the conversion coefficient pi is calculated as follows
In the formula (11), ρ w is the water vapor density, Rv is the water vapor gas constant, Mv and Md are the water vapor and dry air molecular molar masses, K1, K2 and K3 are the atmospheric refractive indexes, K1 ═ 77.6890K · hPa-1, K2 ═ 71.2952K · hPa-1, K3 ═ 375463K2 · hPa-1, Tm is the atmospheric weighted average temperature, and the formula includes:
in the formula, H is height/km of the measuring station; e is the water vapor pressure; t is the absolute temperature; es is the saturated water vapor pressure; es0 is the saturated water vapor pressure obtained at 0 degrees celsius (6.11 hPa); for the water surface: a0 ═ 7.5, b0 ═ 273.3; for ice surfaces: since it is difficult to obtain a strict integral value of Tm, a0 is 9.5 and b0 is 265.7, this value is usually 0.15.
7. The geological disaster early warning method based on Beidou water vapor inversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: after the early warning center obtains the atmospheric degradable water volume, the early warning center issues early warning information by comparing with a set threshold value; the early warning information can be issued to people and related departments in the geological disaster area in real time through mails, short messages, broadcasts and acousto-optic alarm equipment.
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| CN111241718A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-06-05 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Zenith troposphere wet delay calculation method and related device |
| CN111458768A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-28 | 山东大学 | Strong convection weather early warning method, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112598881A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-02 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | Geological disaster monitoring method and device and computer equipment |
| CN112632473A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-04-09 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Calculation method for ground and space-based GNSS (Global navigation satellite System) combined atmospheric degradable water volume |
| CN114415266A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | Water vapor data processing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN114722642A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 山东大学 | Method and system for predicting physical parameter change after earthquake |
| CN114814999A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-07-29 | 山东大学 | Evaluation method and system for BDS-3 water vapor inversion accuracy at different latitudes |
| CN114910982A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-16 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Rainfall early warning model construction method based on Beidou technology |
| CN115857057A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-28 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Rainfall monitoring method based on GNSS PWV |
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| CN111458768A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-28 | 山东大学 | Strong convection weather early warning method, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112598881A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-02 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | Geological disaster monitoring method and device and computer equipment |
| CN112632473A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-04-09 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Calculation method for ground and space-based GNSS (Global navigation satellite System) combined atmospheric degradable water volume |
| CN114415266A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | Water vapor data processing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN114415266B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-09-20 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | Water vapor data processing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN114722642A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 山东大学 | Method and system for predicting physical parameter change after earthquake |
| CN114814999A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-07-29 | 山东大学 | Evaluation method and system for BDS-3 water vapor inversion accuracy at different latitudes |
| CN114910982A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-16 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Rainfall early warning model construction method based on Beidou technology |
| CN114910982B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-05-14 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Rainfall early warning model construction method based on Beidou technology |
| CN115857057A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-28 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Rainfall monitoring method based on GNSS PWV |
| CN115857057B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-11-07 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Rainfall monitoring method based on GNSS PWV |
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