CN110608947A - Experimental device and measuring method for damage parameters of brittle building material - Google Patents
Experimental device and measuring method for damage parameters of brittle building material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608947A CN110608947A CN201910825507.3A CN201910825507A CN110608947A CN 110608947 A CN110608947 A CN 110608947A CN 201910825507 A CN201910825507 A CN 201910825507A CN 110608947 A CN110608947 A CN 110608947A
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- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011825 aerospace material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011824 nuclear material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 tiles Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of brittle materials, in particular to an experimental device and a measuring method for damage parameters of a brittle building material, which comprises a test bench, an upper clamping device, a brittle building material test piece, a lower clamping device and a digital strain gauge, wherein the upper clamping device is arranged on the test bench; the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device are arranged on the test bed and driven to move along the vertical direction by a driving mechanism arranged on the test bed, and the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device are respectively tightly propped and clamped with two ends of the brittle building material test piece; and the brittle building material test piece is connected with the digital strain gauge for measuring and recording the strain generated by the loading of the brittle building material test piece. The data acquisition, data integration, data calculation and other work are completed in one step by the experimental device system, so that the accuracy of the experimental result is improved, and great convenience is brought to the experimental process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brittle materials, in particular to an experimental device and a measuring method for damage parameters of a brittle building material.
Background
Materials are those substances that are used by humans to make articles, devices, components, machines or other products. The material is a material basis on which human beings live and develop, and is closely related to national economic construction, national defense construction and people's life. From the viewpoint of use, materials can be classified into electronic materials, aerospace materials, nuclear materials, building materials, energy materials, biological materials, and the like. The invention is mainly suitable for the brittle building material. The brittle materials in the building materials refer to bricks, tiles, stones, concrete, glass and the like, and have the characteristics of high compressive strength, difficult bearing of tensile force, no generation of plastic deformation after stress and brittle fracture when being damaged. Reinforced concrete structures are used more often in modern buildings. The reinforced concrete structure has both brittle material and tough material, and the tough material is also called plastic material, and has the characteristic of high tensile strength, but can generate plastic deformation after being stressed, such as: and (5) reinforcing steel bars. When in use, the characteristics of the brick, the stone and the concrete are exerted to the maximum extent, and the functions of the brick, the stone and the concrete, the reinforcing steel bar, such as tension, bending and shearing force, are exerted. The reinforced concrete combines the two materials together, utilizes respective characteristics and is widely applied in the field of buildings.
Based on the consideration, the invention designs an experimental device and a measuring method for the damage parameters of the brittle building material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an experimental device and a measuring method for damage parameters of a brittle building material, so that the purpose of evaluating damage of the brittle building material is achieved, and a parameter basis is provided for building structure health monitoring and optimal design.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention discloses an experimental device for damage parameters of a brittle building material, which comprises a test bed, an upper clamping device, a brittle building material test piece, a lower clamping device and a digital strain gauge, wherein the upper clamping device is arranged on the test bed; the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device are arranged on the test bed and driven to move along the vertical direction by a driving mechanism arranged on the test bed, and the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device are respectively tightly propped and clamped with two ends of the brittle building material test piece; and the brittle building material test piece is connected with the digital strain gauge for measuring and recording the strain generated by the loading of the brittle building material test piece.
Further, the digital strain gauge is connected with a central processing unit which is used for processing the strain data of the brittle building material test piece recorded by the digital strain gauge and calculating the elongation of the test piece.
Further, the central processing unit is connected with a data display used for displaying the result obtained by the experiment.
The invention discloses a method for measuring damage parameters of a brittle building material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: manufacturing a brittle building material test piece by design according to the GB/T15248-2008 requirement;
s2: on the test bed, an upper clamping device and a lower clamping device are respectively used for clamping the upper end and the lower end of the brittle building material test piece (3);
s3: sequentially connecting a brittle building material test piece, a digital strain gauge, a central processing unit and a data display;
s4: starting a driving device which is arranged on the test bed and used for driving the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device, and applying a tensile load P ̽ to the brittle building material test piece, wherein the test piece is not damaged by P ̽;
s5: starting the digital strain gauge, the central processing unit and the data display, and reading data on the data display to obtain the elongation of the brittle building material test piece in the loading process as epsilon 1;
s6: after unloading, applying a tensile load P (P > P ̽) to the brittle building material test piece to damage the test piece, unloading the brittle building material test piece after damage, and applying a tensile load P ̽ to the brittle building material test piece again;
s7: by reading the data on the data display, the elongation of the brittle building material test piece in the loading process can be recorded as epsilon 2:
s8: the damage variable D is calculated by the formula:
D=1-（ε1/ε2）。
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the data acquisition, data integration, data calculation and other work are completed in one step through the experimental device system, so that the accuracy of the experimental result is improved, and great convenience is brought to the experimental process;
2. according to the method, a novel damage measurement method is provided on the premise of ensuring the measurement precision by combining the Hooke's law formula and the classical damage formula, and contribution is made to structural health monitoring and optimization design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a brittle building material test piece according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a test bed, 2-an upper clamping device, 3-a brittle building material test piece, 4-a lower clamping device, 5-a digital strain gauge, 6-a central processing unit and 7-a data display.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
see fig. 1-2.
The invention discloses an experimental device for damage parameters of a brittle building material, which comprises a test bed 1, an upper clamping device 2, a brittle building material test piece 3, a lower clamping device 4 and a digital strain gauge 5, wherein the upper clamping device 2 is arranged on the test bed; the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 4 are arranged on the test bed 1 and driven to move along the vertical direction by a driving mechanism arranged on the test bed 1, and the upper clamping device 4 and the lower clamping device 4 are respectively tightly propped and clamped with two ends of the brittle building material test piece 3; the brittle building material test piece 3 is connected with the digital strain gauge 5 for measuring and recording the strain generated by the loading of the brittle building material test piece 3, the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device are driven to move oppositely by the driving mechanism on the test bed 1 in the scheme, the brittle building material test piece 3 placed between the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device is clamped, and then the strain data generated by the loading of the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device of the brittle building material test piece 3 is measured and recorded by the digital strain gauge 5 connected with the brittle building material test piece 3.
The digital strain gauge 5 is connected with a central processing unit 6 which is used for processing the strain data of the brittle building material test piece 3 recorded by the digital strain gauge 5 and calculating the elongation of the test piece, and is used for processing the strain data of the brittle building material test piece recorded by the digital strain gauge and calculating the elongation epsilon of the test piece according to a formula.
The central processing unit 6 is connected with a data display 7 for displaying the result obtained by the experiment
The invention discloses a method for measuring damage variables in steel ultralow cycle fatigue prediction, which comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the GB/T15248-2008 requirement, a brittle building material test piece 3 is manufactured through design;
s2: on the test bed 1, an upper clamping device 2 and a lower clamping device 4 are respectively used for clamping the upper end and the lower end of the brittle building material test piece 3;
s3: sequentially connecting a brittle building material test piece 3, a digital strain gauge 5, a central processing unit 6 and a data display 7;
s4: starting a driving device which is used for driving the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device on the test bed 1, and applying a tensile load P ̽ to the brittle building material test piece 3, wherein the test piece is not damaged by P ̽;
s5: starting the digital strain gauge 5, the central processing unit 6 and the data display 7, and reading data on the data display 7 to obtain the elongation of the brittle building material test piece 3 in the loading process as epsilon 1;
s6: after unloading, applying a tensile load P (P > P ̽) to the brittle building material test piece 3 to damage the test piece, unloading the brittle building material test piece 3 after damage, and applying a tensile load P ̽ to the brittle building material test piece 3 again;
s7: by reading the data on the data display 7, the elongation of the brittle building material test piece 3 in the loading process can be recorded as epsilon 2:
s8: the damage variable D is calculated by the formula:
D=1-（ε1/ε2）；
in step S8, the formula improvement for calculating the damage variable D is as follows:
P̽/Ao=Eε1 （1）
wherein P ̽ is a tensile load (which does not cause specimen damage); ao is the initial cross-sectional area of the specimen; e is Young's modulus; ε 1 represents the elongation of the test piece.
Ao=Ae+Ad （2）
D=1-(Ae/Ao) （3）
Wherein Ao is the apparent area of the test piece after being damaged by tensile load P (P is more than P ̽); ae is the effective cross-sectional area; ad is the area of damage that results in defective microcavities; d is a brittle building material damage parameter.
Combining the formulas (2) and (3), one can obtain
Ae=Ao（1-D） （4）
P̽/Ao=Eε2 （5）
In the formula, P ̽ is tensile load (the test piece is loaded with P ̽ after being damaged by loading); e is Young's modulus; ε 2 is the elongation of the test piece.
Combining the formulas (4) and (5), one can obtain
P̽/Ao=E（1-D）ε2 （6）
Combining the formulas (1) and (6), the method can be obtained
Eε1=E（1-D）ε2 （7）
Through equivalent transformation, the method can be obtained
D=1-（ε1/ε2） （8）
The formula (8) is the formula of the invention, so that the damage parameter value D of the brittle building material can be obtained by measuring the elongation (epsilon 1, epsilon 2) generated by applying the same tensile load P ̽ before and after the damage of the test piece twice, and further the damage of the brittle building material can be accurately evaluated.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention and the contents of the drawings or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of brittle building material damage parameter which characterized in that: the device comprises a test bed (1), an upper clamping device (2), a brittle building material test piece (3), a lower clamping device (4) and a digital strain gauge (5);
the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device (4) are arranged on the test bed (1) and driven to move along the vertical direction through a driving mechanism arranged on the test bed (1), and the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device (4) are respectively tightly propped and clamped with two ends of the brittle building material test piece (3);
the brittle building material test piece (3) is connected with the digital strain gauge (5) which is used for measuring and recording the strain generated by the loading of the brittle building material test piece (3).
2. The experimental facility for testing the damage parameter of the brittle building material according to claim 1, wherein: the digital strain gauge (5) is connected with a central processing unit (6) which is used for processing the strain data of the brittle building material test piece (3) recorded by the digital strain gauge (5) and calculating the elongation of the test piece.
3. The experimental facility for testing the damage parameter of the brittle building material according to claim 2, wherein: the central processing unit (6) is connected with a data display (7) used for displaying the result obtained by the experiment.
4. A method for measuring damage parameters of brittle building materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: according to the GB/T15248-2008 requirement, a brittle building material test piece (3) is manufactured through design;
s2: on the test bed (1), an upper clamping device (2) and a lower clamping device (4) are respectively used for clamping the upper end and the lower end of the brittle building material test piece (3);
s3: sequentially connecting a brittle building material test piece (3), a digital strain gauge (5), a central processing unit (6) and a data display (7);
s4: starting a driving device which is used for driving the upper clamping device and the lower clamping device on the test bed (1) to apply a tensile load P ̽ to the brittle building material test piece (3), wherein the test piece is not damaged by P ̽;
s5: starting the digital strain gauge (5), the central processing unit (6) and the data display (7), and reading data on the data display (7) to obtain the elongation of the brittle building material test piece (3) in the loading process as epsilon 1;
s6: after unloading, applying a tensile load P (P > P ̽) to the brittle building material test piece (3) to damage the test piece, unloading the brittle building material test piece (3) after damage, and applying a tensile load P ̽ to the brittle building material test piece (3) again;
s7: by reading the data on the data display (7), the elongation of the brittle building material test piece (3) in the loading process is marked as epsilon 2:
s8: the damage variable D is calculated by the formula:
D=1-（ε1/ε2）。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910825507.3A CN110608947A (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Experimental device and measuring method for damage parameters of brittle building material |
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| CN201910825507.3A CN110608947A (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Experimental device and measuring method for damage parameters of brittle building material |
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| CN106323748A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Non-contact video measuring system for strain measurement and mechanical property characterization of carbon fiber multifilament |
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| CN108489808A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 南京工业大学 | Method for testing uniaxial tension stress-strain relationship of concrete by acoustic emission |
| CN108593429A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-09-28 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Material high-speed stretch stress-strain test device and method |
| CN108896396A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-27 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of new rubber material Mullins effect assessment method |
| CN211235256U (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2020-08-11 | 南昌大学 | Experimental device for brittle building material damage parameter |
-
2019
- 2019-09-03 CN CN201910825507.3A patent/CN110608947A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080078479A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Determining constitutive models for fracture prediction in ductile materials undergoing plastic deformation |
| CN101949797A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-01-19 | 华中科技大学 | Method and device for testing micro-tensile mechanical properties of metal fiber |
| CN106370730A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method of precisely measuring damage threshold value of brittle materials on the basis of acoustic emission technology |
| CN106323748A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Non-contact video measuring system for strain measurement and mechanical property characterization of carbon fiber multifilament |
| CN108489808A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 南京工业大学 | Method for testing uniaxial tension stress-strain relationship of concrete by acoustic emission |
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