CN110608186A

CN110608186A - Speed regulation control method and speed regulation control system of direct-current brushless ceiling fan based on single live wire

Info

Publication number: CN110608186A
Application number: CN201910874141.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阮国永; 林志斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-09-17
Filing date: 2019-09-17
Publication date: 2019-12-24

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a speed regulation control method and a speed regulation control system for a direct current brushless ceiling fan based on a single live wire, which can realize one-to-one speed regulation control of the direct current brushless ceiling fan based on a traditional ceiling fan wiring mode. In the speed regulation control method, a ceiling fan wall control unit supplies power to a ceiling fan driving unit through a single live wire and sends a speed regulation signal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: A. the wall control unit of the ceiling fan converts the gear signals into corresponding gear values, and then converts the gear values into corresponding control signals to control the single live wire to be switched on and off according to the control signals, so that speed regulation signals consisting of discontinuous alternating current signals are formed on the single live wire; when the wall control unit of the ceiling fan does not send a speed regulation signal, the single live wire is kept to be conducted; B. the ceiling fan driving unit obtains a speed regulating signal from a single fire wire by using the signal extraction module, and obtains a gear value according to the on-off time of an alternating current signal in the speed regulating signal, so that the rotating speed of a motor of the ceiling fan is controlled according to the gear value.

Description

Speed regulation control method and speed regulation control system of direct-current brushless ceiling fan based on single live wire

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceiling fans, and particularly relates to a speed regulation control system and a speed regulation control method for a direct-current brushless ceiling fan.

Background

With the rapid development of dc brushless motors, dc brushless ceiling fans using dc brushless motors have gradually begun to replace traditional ceiling fans. The traditional ceiling fan adopts an induction motor to drive fan blades to rotate, the induction motor is directly driven by alternating current, and the speed regulation control principle is that the voltage of a live wire is directly regulated by a silicon controlled rectifier or the voltage of the live wire is regulated by a capacitor to realize the regulation of the rotating speed. The driving of the direct current brushless motor is to firstly convert alternating current into direct current and then drive the motor by using a field effect tube and the like, so that the driving principle of the direct current brushless ceiling fan is different from that of the traditional ceiling fan, and the rotating speed adjusting mode of the traditional ceiling fan cannot be applied to the direct current brushless ceiling fan.

At present, the speed regulation control of the direct current brushless ceiling fan adopts a remote control mode, and a remote controller is used for transmitting control signals to a ceiling fan controller in a wireless transmission mode, but the limitation of the control mode is very large, for example, when a plurality of ceiling fans are simultaneously arranged in a hall, the control signals can be simultaneously received by the plurality of ceiling fan controllers, so that the control of the direct current brushless ceiling fans can not be easily carried out one to one by the remote controller. Certainly, in order to solve the problem, each ceiling fan can be independently connected with the corresponding controller through an additional control line, so that the wiring difficulty is increased, and the ceiling fan is unacceptable for customers who have already installed the line; or each ceiling fan corresponds to a remote controller, which causes confusion in management between the remote controllers and the ceiling fans. The drawbacks of the speed control greatly limit the application of the dc brushless ceiling fan, so that a speed control system for a dc brushless ceiling fan, which has simple wiring and can be controlled one-to-one, is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a speed regulation control method and a speed regulation control system for a direct current brushless ceiling fan based on a single live wire, which can realize one-to-one speed regulation control of the direct current brushless ceiling fan based on a traditional ceiling fan wiring mode.

The invention relates to a speed regulation control method of a single-live wire-based direct-current brushless ceiling fan, which is characterized in that a ceiling fan wall control unit supplies power to a ceiling fan driving unit and sends a speed regulation signal through a single live wire, and the speed regulation control method comprises the following steps:

A. the wall control unit of the ceiling fan converts the gear signals into corresponding gear values, and then converts the gear values into corresponding control signals to control the single live wire to be switched on and off according to the control signals, so that speed regulation signals consisting of discontinuous alternating current signals are formed on the single live wire; when the wall control unit of the ceiling fan does not send a speed regulation signal, the single live wire is kept to be conducted;

B. the ceiling fan driving unit obtains a speed regulating signal from a single fire wire by using the signal extraction module, and obtains a gear value according to the on-off time of an alternating current signal in the speed regulating signal, so that the rotating speed of a motor of the ceiling fan is controlled according to the gear value.

Further, in the step a, before the ceiling fan wall control unit sends the speed regulation signal, a preparation signal which is in a preset length and enables a single live wire to be conducted is sent out; after the control signal is sent, the wall control unit of the ceiling fan sends out an end position signal with a preset length again so as to disconnect the single live wire for a preset time; and in the step B, the ceiling fan driving unit considers that the speed regulating signal is received after receiving the end position signal.

The condition that the single live wire is switched on and off can be caused in the gear switching process to transmit the speed regulating signal, but sometimes a user can continuously and rapidly switch the gear, the signal on the single live wire is disordered, the starting position of the speed regulating signal and the like can be difficult to accurately judge by a ceiling fan driving unit, and the speed regulation fails. In order to solve the problems, the invention sets the preparation signal, so that the ceiling fan driving unit can have an accurate reference signal to ensure that the starting position of the speed regulating signal is judged. After the control signal is sent, the bidirectional thyristor is disconnected by the end signal, a zero-potential direct-current signal with a preset length appears on the single live wire, and the ceiling fan driving unit can know that the speed regulating signal is received completely according to the signal. The preparation signal and the end position signal are utilized to enable the ceiling fan driving unit to accurately identify the beginning and the end of the speed regulating signal, so that an accurate and complete speed regulating signal is obtained.

Specifically, a switch piece controlled to be switched on and off by high and low levels is connected in series to the single live wire, and the wall control unit of the ceiling fan sends a control signal to the switch piece to control the on and off of the switch piece, so that the on and off of the single live wire are controlled.

In the invention, the following three specific control methods are particularly limited to improve the reliability of speed regulation and improve the stability of the ceiling fan in speed regulation and the like:

1. in the step a, the control signal is a digital signal with low level and high level alternated, wherein each of the high level signal and the low level signal represents a digital signal, the signal length of the high level and the low level is determined by the value of the corresponding bit of the digital signal, the level signals with different signal lengths represent different values, the values represented by the level signals with the same signal length are the same, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the switching element; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit stops driving a motor of the ceiling fan when judging that the speed regulation signal is received, and the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state; the ceiling fan driving unit judges the value represented by the level signal according to the high and low level time of the square wave signal; the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold (the preset threshold is the preset lowest continuous rotating speed), the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate at the new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

Under the condition that a single live wire is kept connected and a ceiling fan driving unit and a ceiling fan motor work normally (namely, when a main control module does not send a speed regulation signal, commercial power alternating current is transmitted on the single live wire at the moment), the main control module sends a control signal to regulate the speed, and a first control signal is a level signal for disconnecting a switching element, so that a section of zero potential direct current signal with a preset length appears on the single live wire and represents the start of the speed regulation signal. The ceiling fan driving unit immediately stops driving the motor of the ceiling fan after receiving and judging that a speed regulating signal is sent to the beginning, so that the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state, and the fan blades of the ceiling fan rotate by means of inertia of the ceiling fan so as to avoid the phenomenon that the motor and the fan blades of the ceiling fan shake due to unstable voltage on a single live wire.

For example, whether the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is within a predetermined range can be judged, if the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is within the predetermined range, the zero-potential direct-current signal is a first signal of the speed regulation signal, and if the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is not within the predetermined range, the zero-potential direct-current signal is not the first signal of the speed regulation signal, the zero-potential direct-current signal can be considered as an invalid signal, and the signal can be read again.

The control signal is composed of a plurality of low level signals and high level signals which are arranged at intervals, wherein any one of the high level signals or the low level signals represents a one-bit code value, and the control signal has relatively short sending and receiving time and is also beneficial to accurate identification of the ceiling fan driving unit.

In the control signal, the signal lengths of the high level and the low level are determined by the values of the corresponding bits of the digital signal, and the level signals with different signal lengths represent different values, and the level signals with the same signal length represent the same value. That is, the high level signal does not represent "1" in the conventional sense, and the low level signal does not represent "0" in the conventional sense, and the basis for determining whether the signal is "1" or "0" is not the level high or low, but the length of the signal, for example: the pulse length width of the signal representing '0' is 100ms, and the pulse length width of the signal representing '1' is 250ms, so that the on-time and the off-time of the commercial power alternating current on a single live wire respectively represent the lengths of two level signals, and the ceiling fan driving unit can know the numerical value corresponding to the speed regulating signal by only counting the on-time and the off-time of the commercial power alternating current on the single live wire. Since the frequency of the ac power is stable (e.g. 50Hz), the control signal and the ac power signal can be prevented from being mixed up by the ceiling fan driving unit as long as the difference between the signal length of the control signal and the period of the ac power is set to be large.

Because the ceiling fan motor is closed in the process of receiving and identifying the speed regulating signal, the rotating speed of the fan blades can be gradually reduced, and if the rotating speed of the fan blades is reduced to a certain degree during gear shifting, direct gear shifting can fail, so that the invention particularly limits the rotating speed of the reference ceiling fan motor before gear shifting so as to ensure that the gear shifting is smoothly carried out.

2. In the step a, the control signal is a digital signal with low level and high level alternated, wherein the combination of the adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the signal length of high level and/or low level is determined by the numerical value of the represented digital, and the signal lengths corresponding to different numerical values are different, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for switching off the switching element; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit stops driving a motor of the ceiling fan when judging that the speed regulation signal is received, and the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state; the ceiling fan driving unit divides adjacent low level signals and high level signals in the square wave signals into a group, and judges the value represented by the group of signals according to the lengths of different level signals in the group of signals; the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate at the new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

In the control signal, the combination of adjacent low level signals and high level signals represents a digital signal (i.e. two adjacent level signals represent a digital signal), the length of the high level and/or low level signal is determined by the value of the represented digital signal, and the lengths of the signals corresponding to different values are different. That is, the high level signal does not represent "1" in the conventional sense, and the low level signal does not represent "0" in the conventional sense, and the basis for determining whether the signal is "1" or "0" is not the level high or low, but the lengths of two adjacent low level signals and high level signals, for example: the signal representing "0" is constituted as follows: low level 100ms, high level 100ms, and the signal representing "1" is constructed as follows: low level 250ms, high level 100ms, the conduction time and the off-time of commercial power alternating current on the single live wire have represented two kinds of level signal's length respectively, and the numerical value that this position speed governing signal corresponds can be known as long as count adjacent conduction time and the off-time of commercial power alternating current on the single live wire to ceiling fan drive unit, and then learn the numerical value that complete speed governing signal corresponds. Since the frequency of the ac power is stable (e.g. 50Hz), the control signal and the ac power signal can be prevented from being mixed up by the ceiling fan driving unit as long as the difference between the lengths of the different level signals of the control signal and the period of the ac power is set to be large.

3. In the step a, the control signal is a digital signal with low level and high level alternated, wherein the combination of the adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the signal length of high level and/or low level is determined by the numerical value of the represented digital, and the signal lengths corresponding to different numerical values are different, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for switching off the switching element; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, the ceiling fan driving unit divides adjacent low level signals and high level signals in the square wave signal into a group, and the numerical value represented by the group of signals is judged according to the lengths of different level signals in the group of signals; the ceiling fan driving unit compares the value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, and the ceiling fan driving unit enables a ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

Under the condition that a single live wire is kept connected and a ceiling fan driving unit and a ceiling fan motor work normally (namely, when a main control module does not send a speed regulation signal, commercial power alternating current is transmitted on the single live wire at the moment), the main control module sends a control signal to regulate the speed, and a first control signal is a level signal for disconnecting a switching element, so that a section of zero potential direct current signal with a preset length appears on the single live wire and represents the start of the speed regulation signal. For example, whether the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is within a predetermined range can be judged, if the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is within the predetermined range, the zero-potential direct-current signal is a first signal of the speed regulation signal, and if the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is not within the predetermined range, the zero-potential direct-current signal is not the first signal of the speed regulation signal, the zero-potential direct-current signal can be considered as an invalid signal, and the signal can be read again.

In the control signal, the combination of adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the signal length of high level and/or low level is determined by the value of the represented digital signal, and the signal length corresponding to different values is different. That is, the high level signal does not represent "1" in the conventional sense, and the low level signal does not represent "0" in the conventional sense, and the basis for determining whether the signal is "1" or "0" is not the level high or low, but the lengths of two adjacent low level signals and high level signals, for example: the signal representing "0" is constituted as follows: low level 40ms, high level 500ms, and the signal representing "1" is constructed as follows: low level 40ms, high level 700ms, the on-time and the off-time of commercial power alternating current on the single live wire have represented two kinds of level signal's length respectively, and the numerical value that this position speed governing signal corresponds can be known as long as count adjacent on-time and the off-time of commercial power alternating current on the single live wire to ceiling fan drive unit, and then learn the numerical value that complete speed governing signal corresponds. Since the frequency of the ac power is stable (e.g. 50Hz), the control signal and the ac power signal can be prevented from being mixed up by the ceiling fan driving unit as long as the difference between the lengths of the different level signals of the control signal and the period of the ac power is set to be large.

As long as in the speed governing process, the switch-off time of the switch part is set to be short, the unstable work of the ceiling fan motor can not be caused, therefore, in the speed governing process of the control method, the driving of the ceiling fan motor is not required to be stopped, the gear shifting can be directly carried out after the ceiling fan driving unit obtains a speed governing signal, the current rotating speed of the ceiling fan motor is not required to be detected, and thus, the rotation of the ceiling fan is more stable in the speed governing process, and the situation of rotating speed reduction can not occur.

The speed regulation control system for realizing the speed regulation control method of the single-live-wire-based brushless direct-current ceiling fan is characterized in that a ceiling fan wall control unit supplies power and sends a speed regulation signal to a ceiling fan driving unit in a single-live-wire mode, and the ceiling fan driving unit is connected with a ceiling fan motor to drive the ceiling fan motor; the key point is that:

the wall control unit of the ceiling fan comprises a main control module, a speed regulation switch, a switch part and a power supply module for providing power for the main control module, wherein the switch part is a bidirectional thyristor connected in series in a single live wire, the main control module is respectively connected with a control pin of the bidirectional thyristor and the speed regulation switch, and the main control module converts a received gear signal of the speed regulation switch into a corresponding control signal and sends the control signal to the bidirectional thyristor so as to control the on-off of the bidirectional thyristor and form a speed regulation signal which is loaded on the single live wire and consists of discontinuous alternating current signals;

the ceiling fan driving unit is connected with the single live wire through the signal extraction module and used for obtaining a speed regulation signal from the single live wire and controlling the rotating speed of a ceiling fan motor according to the speed regulation signal.

When the bidirectional thyristor is conducted, the single live wire transmits commercial power alternating current to the ceiling fan driving unit to provide power for the ceiling fan driving unit and the ceiling fan motor, and at the moment, the signal extraction module receives the commercial power alternating current signal on the single live wire; when the bidirectional thyristor is disconnected, the commercial power alternating current on the single live wire is also disconnected, at the moment, the ceiling fan driving unit can still keep normal operation for a period of time under the support of the capacitor energy storage of the control circuit of the ceiling fan driving unit, and at the moment, the signal extraction module receives a zero potential direct current signal on the single live wire (as long as the disconnection time of the bidirectional thyristor does not exceed the support time of the capacitor energy storage, the power failure of the ceiling fan driving unit cannot be caused); the signal extraction module receives different signals on the single live wire when the bidirectional controllable silicon is switched on and switched off, so that the signals can be sent to different information of the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit can use the information as a speed regulating signal to control the rotating speed of a motor of the ceiling fan. When the main control module does not send a speed regulation signal, the main control module always sends a control signal for keeping the bidirectional controllable silicon switched on so as to ensure the normal work of the ceiling fan driving unit and the ceiling fan motor.

Furthermore, the main control module consists of a single chip microcomputer, a first rectifier bridge and a switch module, wherein the input end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the speed regulation switch, and the output end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a control pin of the switch module; the input terminal of the switch module is connected with the positive terminal of the first rectifier bridge, and the output terminal of the switch module is connected with the negative terminal of the first rectifier bridge through a first current-limiting resistor; and a first alternating current terminal of the first rectifier bridge is connected with the single live wire, and a second alternating current terminal of the first rectifier bridge is connected with a control pin of the bidirectional controllable silicon.

The single chip microcomputer reads a gear signal of the speed regulation switch, converts the gear signal into a corresponding numerical value, and sends the numerical value to a control pin of the switch module in a square wave signal form to control the connection or disconnection between an input terminal and an output terminal of the switch module of the first rectifier bridge, when the switch module is connected, the load of the first rectifier bridge is obviously increased, so that the pressure difference between the control pin of the bidirectional thyristor and the ground is increased, the bidirectional thyristor is connected, and at the moment, a commercial power alternating current signal can be transmitted on a single live wire; when the switch module is disconnected, the load can be obviously reduced, the pressure difference between the control pin of the bidirectional controllable silicon and the ground is further reduced, the bidirectional controllable silicon is disconnected, and the commercial power alternating current signal cannot be transmitted on the single live wire at the moment. That is to say, the control signal of the singlechip can control the on and off of the bidirectional thyristor through the switch module and the first rectifier bridge, so that a speed regulating signal consisting of discontinuous alternating current signals is formed on a single live wire.

Specifically, the switch module is composed of a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier, a second current-limiting resistor, a voltage division circuit and a first optocoupler, wherein the positive end of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is an input terminal of the switch module, and the negative end of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is an output terminal of the switch module; the positive end of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the collector terminal of the first optocoupler through a second current-limiting resistor; the emitter terminal of the first optical coupler is connected with the control pin of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier through a voltage division circuit, the input pin of the first optical coupler is the control pin of the switch module, and the output pin of the first optical coupler is grounded; the collector terminal of the first optical coupler is further connected with the negative terminal of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier through a fourth diode, and the collector terminal of the first optical coupler is further connected with the negative terminal of the first rectifier bridge through a first transient suppression diode.

When the singlechip sends a high-level signal, the first optocoupler is conducted, the voltage of a control pin of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is increased, so that the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is conducted, the output current of the first rectifier bridge sequentially flows through the first current-limiting resistor and the first rectifier bridge, and the load is obviously increased; when the single chip microcomputer sends a low level signal, the first optocoupler is switched off, the voltage of the control pin of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is pulled down, so that the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is switched off, the output current of the first rectifier bridge can not flow through the first current limiting resistor and the first rectifier bridge, and the load is obviously reduced.

The fourth diode is used for limiting the current direction, and the first transient suppression diode is used for limiting the voltage so as to ensure the normal operation of the circuit.

Furthermore, the power supply module comprises a second rectifier bridge, a three-terminal regulator, a three-winding transformer, a second optocoupler and a triode, wherein one alternating current terminal of the second rectifier bridge is connected with the single live wire, and the other alternating current terminal of the second rectifier bridge is grounded; the negative end of the second rectifier bridge is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode, the base electrode of the triode is divided into three paths, wherein the first path is connected with the positive end of the second rectifier bridge through a pull-up resistor and a third current-limiting resistor, the second path is connected with the first terminal of the second secondary winding of the three-winding transformer through a first resistor and a second capacitor, and the third path is connected with the collecting electrode end of the second optocoupler; the collector of the triode is connected with the first terminal of the first secondary winding of the three-winding transformer; the connection point of the pull-up resistor and the third current-limiting resistor is connected with the second terminal of the first secondary winding of the three-winding transformer; the second terminal of the second secondary winding of the three-winding transformer is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode; the emitter terminal of the second optocoupler is connected with a first terminal of a second secondary winding of the three-winding transformer through a first diode; the input end of the second optocoupler is divided into two paths after passing through a voltage stabilizing diode and a fourth current limiting resistor, wherein one path is connected with the input pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer, the other path is connected with the second terminal of the primary winding of the three-winding transformer through a second diode, and the first terminal of the primary winding of the three-winding transformer is grounded; and the input pin of the three-terminal regulator is also connected with the second alternating current terminal of the first rectifier bridge through a third diode, and the output pin of the three-terminal regulator is the power output end of the power supply module.

When the power supply is just powered on, the second rectifier bridge converts alternating current of the commercial power into direct current, the positive pole of the direct current sequentially passes through the third current-limiting resistor and the first secondary winding of the transformer to reach the collector electrode of the triode, a control signal of the base electrode of the triode is output by the primary winding of the transformer, then is sampled through the voltage-stabilizing diode and the fourth current-limiting resistor, is isolated and returned through the second optical coupler to serve as output correction, the second terminal of the first secondary winding of the three-winding transformer is sampled from the collector electrode of the triode, and the two groups of signals jointly control the work of the triode. Therefore, the primary winding of the three-winding transformer outputs a relatively stable voltage, the voltage is input to the three-terminal voltage stabilizer, and a stable direct-current voltage is output to the singlechip and the like after being stabilized by the three-terminal voltage stabilizer.

Furthermore, the signal extraction module is composed of a fifth current-limiting resistor, a fifth diode, a third optical coupler and a shaping circuit, wherein the input pins and the output pins of the fifth current-limiting resistor, the fifth diode and the third optical coupler are connected in series with a single live wire, the collector terminal of the third optical coupler is connected with the ceiling fan driving unit through the shaping circuit, and the emitter terminal of the third optical coupler is grounded. The speed regulating signal transmitted by the single live wire is a discontinuous alternating current signal, the alternating current signal can be arranged into a square wave signal by the fifth diode, the third optical coupler and the shaping circuit, so that the speed regulating signal received by the ceiling fan driving unit is actually formed by the square wave signal with the frequency of 50Hz and the low-level direct current signal (0V) at intervals, the ceiling fan driving unit can identify the numerical value corresponding to the speed regulating signal by detecting the signal length of the low-level direct current signal between the two sections of square wave signals and the signal length of the square wave, and further can finish corresponding speed regulation according to the numerical value.

The invention utilizes the unique speed regulation control circuit, can transmit the speed regulation signal to the ceiling fan driving unit through the single live wire based on the wiring mode of the traditional ceiling fan, and realizes the one-to-one speed regulation control of the direct current brushless ceiling fan, thus the control is more convenient when a plurality of ceiling fans are used in the same hall in a centralized way, and the invention has good practicability and commercial value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ceiling fan wall control unit of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal extraction module of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a signal diagram of the MCU of the chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 (corresponding to the third gear speed regulation).

Fig. 4 is a signal diagram of the MCU of the chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 (corresponding to the second gear speed regulation).

Fig. 5 is a signal diagram of the MCU of the chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 (corresponding to the third gear speed regulation).

Fig. 6 is a signal diagram of the MCU of the chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 (corresponding to the second gear speed regulation).

Fig. 7 is a signal diagram of the MCU of the chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 (corresponding to the third gear speed regulation).

Fig. 8 is a signal diagram of the MCU of the chip microcomputer in embodiment 1 (corresponding to the second gear speed regulation).

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention, such as shapes and structures of respective members, mutual positions and connection relationships between respective portions, and actions and operation principles of the respective portions, in further detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides a speed regulation control method and a speed regulation control system for a direct current brushless ceiling fan based on a single live wire, and the speed regulation control of the direct current brushless ceiling fan in a one-to-one mode is realized based on the wiring mode of the traditional ceiling fan.

In the speed regulation control system of the single-live-wire-based brushless direct-current ceiling fan, the wall control unit of the ceiling fan supplies power and sends a speed regulation signal to the driving unit of the ceiling fan in a single-live-wire mode, and the driving unit of the ceiling fan is connected with the motor of the ceiling fan so as to drive the motor of the ceiling fan; the key point is that:

the wall control unit of the ceiling fan comprises a main control module, a speed regulation switch, a bidirectional thyristor and a power supply module for providing power for the main control module, wherein the bidirectional thyristor is connected in series in a single live wire, the main control module is respectively connected with a control pin of the bidirectional thyristor and the speed regulation switch, and the main control module converts a received gear signal of the speed regulation switch into a corresponding control signal and sends the control signal to the bidirectional thyristor so as to control the on-off of the bidirectional thyristor and form a speed regulation signal which is loaded on the single live wire and consists of discontinuous alternating current signals;

As shown in fig. 1, the main control module includes a single-chip microcomputer MCU (in this embodiment, FT61F021b), a first rectifier bridge BR1 and a switch module, an input terminal PA3 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU is connected to the speed regulation switch, and an output terminal PA2 pin of the single-chip microcomputer MCU is connected to a control pin of the switch module; the input terminal of the switch module is connected with the positive terminal (pin 2) of the first rectifier bridge BR1, and the output terminal of the switch module is connected with the negative terminal (pin 4) of the first rectifier bridge BR1 through a first current-limiting resistor R14; the first alternating current terminal (the 1 st pin) of the first rectifier bridge BR1 is connected with a single live wire, and the second alternating current terminal (the 3 rd pin) of the first rectifier bridge BR1 is connected with the control pin of the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 through a second transient suppression diode Z1.

The switch module is composed of a one-way thyristor Q5, a second current-limiting resistor R10, a R11, a voltage division circuit and a first optocoupler U1, wherein the voltage division circuit is composed of resistors R12 and R9; the positive end of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier Q5 is an input terminal of the switch module, and the negative end of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier Q5 is an output terminal of the switch module; the positive end of the unidirectional thyristor Q5 is connected with the collector end of a first optocoupler U1 through second current-limiting resistors R10 and R11; an emitter terminal of the first optocoupler U1 is connected with a control pin of the one-way thyristor Q5 through a voltage division circuit, specifically, an emitter terminal of the first optocoupler U1 is connected with a control pin of the one-way thyristor Q5 through a resistor R12, one end of the resistor R9 is connected with a control pin of the one-way thyristor Q5, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a negative terminal (pin 4) of a first rectifier bridge BR 1; an input pin of the first optocoupler U1 is a control pin of the switch module, and an output pin of the first optocoupler U1 is grounded; the collector terminal of the first optical coupler U1 is further connected with the cathode terminal of the one-way thyristor Q5 through a fourth diode D4, and the collector terminal of the first optical coupler U1 is further connected with the cathode terminal of the first rectifier bridge BR1 through a first transient suppression diode Z4.

In this embodiment, the speed regulation switch is a potentiometer switch composed of a rheostat R23, a resistor R24 and a capacitor C9, the single chip microcomputer MCU collects the voltage of the output end of the potentiometer through a built-in AD module, and the single chip microcomputer MCU distinguishes different gears according to different voltages. The specific gear detection process is as follows: the MCU of the single chip microcomputer detects a voltage, waits for 1.5 seconds after the voltage is stabilized, and sets a value corresponding to the voltage as a rotating speed value (gear value) if the voltage is not changed, so that the problem of gear identification errors caused by too fast operation of a speed regulating switch in a speed regulating process can be reduced.

The single-chip microcomputer MCU reads a gear signal of the speed regulation switch, converts the gear signal into a corresponding numerical value, and sends the numerical value to a control pin of a switch module in a square wave signal mode to control the connection or disconnection between an input terminal and an output terminal of the switch module of the first rectifier bridge BR1, when the single-chip microcomputer MCU sends a high level signal, the first optocoupler U1 is connected, the voltage of the control pin of the one-way thyristor Q5 is increased, so that the one-way thyristor Q5 is connected, the output current of the first rectifier bridge BR1 sequentially flows through the first current limiting resistor R14 and the first rectifier bridge BR1, the load is obviously increased, the voltage difference between the control pin of the two-way thyristor SCR1 and the ground is increased, the two-way thyristor SCR1 is connected, and the commercial power alternating current signal can be transmitted on a single live wire; and when singlechip MCU sent low level signal, first opto-coupler U1 turned off, one-way silicon controlled rectifier Q5's control foot voltage was pulled low for one-way silicon controlled rectifier Q5 disconnection, first rectifier bridge BR 1's output current will not flow through first current-limiting resistance R14 and first rectifier bridge BR1 again like this, the load obviously reduces, and then make the control foot of two-way silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 reduce with the pressure differential between ground, two-way silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 disconnection, can't transmit commercial power alternating current signal on the single live wire this moment. That is to say, the control signal of the single chip microcomputer MCU can control the on and off of the triac SCR1 through the switch module and the first rectifier bridge BR1, so that a speed regulation signal composed of an intermittent ac signal is formed on a single live wire.

The fourth diode D4 is used to limit the current direction, and the first transient suppression diode Z4 is used to limit the voltage, so as to ensure the normal operation of the circuit.

Certainly, there are many main control modules for realizing the above functions, but the working principle of the main control module is the same as that of the main control module, and the on-off of the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 on a single live wire is controlled to enable the on-off of the commercial power alternating current signal on the single live wire, so as to form a speed regulation signal consisting of discontinuous alternating current signals.

In this embodiment, the power supply module includes a second rectifier bridge BR2, a three-terminal regulator Q1, a three-winding transformer T1, a second optocoupler U3 and a triode Q4, wherein one ac terminal (pin 3) of the second rectifier bridge BR2 is connected to the single live wire, and the other ac terminal (pin 1) is grounded; the negative end (the 4 th pin) of the second rectifier bridge BR2 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q4, the base of the triode Q4 is divided into three paths, wherein the first path is connected with the positive end (the 2 nd pin) of the second rectifier bridge BR2 through a pull-up resistor R2, a R3 and a third current-limiting resistor R4, the second path is connected with the first terminal of the second secondary winding B of the three-winding transformer T1 through a first resistor R1 and a second capacitor C2, and the third path is connected with the collector end of a second optocoupler U3; the collector of the triode Q4 is connected with the first terminal of the first secondary winding A of the three-winding transformer T1; the junction of the pull-up resistor R3 and the third current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with the second terminal of the first secondary winding A of the three-winding transformer T1; a second terminal of a second secondary winding B of the three-winding transformer T1 is connected with an emitting electrode of the triode Q4; an emitter terminal of the second optical coupler U3 is connected with a first terminal of a second secondary winding B of the three-winding transformer T1 through a first diode D1; the input end of a second optocoupler U3 is divided into two paths through a voltage stabilizing diode z2 and a fourth current limiting resistor R5, wherein one path is connected with the input pin of a three-terminal regulator Q1, the other path is connected with the second terminal of a primary winding o of a three-winding transformer T1 through a second diode D2, and the first terminal of the primary winding o of the three-winding transformer T1 is grounded; the input pin of the three-terminal regulator Q1 is also connected with the second alternating current terminal (pin 3) of the first rectifier bridge BR1 through a third diode D3, and the output pin of the three-terminal regulator Q1 is the power output end of the power supply module.

When the power supply is started, the second rectifier bridge BR2 converts the commercial power alternating current into direct current, the positive pole of the direct current sequentially passes through the third current-limiting resistor R4 and the first secondary winding A of the transformer to reach the collector of the triode Q4, a control signal of the base of the triode Q4 is output by the primary winding o of the transformer, then is sampled by the voltage-stabilizing diode z2 and the fourth current-limiting resistor R5, is isolated and returned by the second optocoupler U3 to be used as output correction, the second terminal of the first secondary winding A of the three-winding transformer T1 is sampled from the collector of the triode Q4, and the two groups of signals jointly control the work of the triode Q4. Therefore, the primary winding o of the three-winding transformer T1 outputs a relatively stable voltage, the voltage is input to the three-terminal regulator Q1, and after being regulated by the three-terminal regulator Q1, the voltage outputs a stable direct-current voltage of 3.3V to reach the MCU and the speed regulation switch.

As shown in fig. 2, the signal extraction module is composed of fifth current-limiting resistors R68, R69, a fifth diode D9, a third optocoupler U5, and a shaping circuit, wherein the fifth current-limiting resistors R68, R69, and the fifth diode D9 are connected in series with an input pin and an output pin of the third optocoupler U5 on a single live wire; the shaping circuit is an RC shaping circuit consisting of a resistor R70 and a capacitor C40, a collector terminal of the third optical coupler U5 is connected with the ceiling fan driving unit through the shaping circuit, and an emitter terminal of the third optical coupler U5 is grounded. The speed regulating signal transmitted by the single live wire is a discontinuous alternating current signal, the alternating current signal can be arranged into a square wave signal by the fifth diode D9, the third optocoupler U5 and the shaping circuit, so that the speed regulating signal received by the ceiling fan driving unit is actually composed of the square wave signal with the frequency of 50Hz and the low-level direct current signal (0V) at intervals, the ceiling fan driving unit can identify the numerical value corresponding to the speed regulating signal by detecting the signal length of the low-level direct current signal between the two sections of square wave signals and the signal length of the square wave, and further can complete corresponding speed regulation according to the numerical value.

The speed regulation control method for regulating the speed of the brushless direct current ceiling fan by using the speed regulation control system for the brushless direct current ceiling fan based on the single live wire comprises the following steps of:

A. the main control module reads a gear signal of the speed regulation switch, converts the gear signal into a corresponding gear value, and then converts the gear value into a corresponding control signal to control the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 to be switched on and off according to the control signal, so that a speed regulation signal consisting of discontinuous alternating current signals is formed on a single live wire; when the master control module does not send a speed regulation signal, the master control module always sends a control signal for keeping the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 conducted;

B. the ceiling fan driving unit obtains a speed regulating signal from the single fire wire through the signal extraction module and controls the rotating speed of a ceiling fan motor according to the speed regulating signal.

When the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted, the single live wire transmits commercial power alternating current to the ceiling fan driving unit to provide power for the ceiling fan driving unit and the ceiling fan motor, and the signal extraction module receives the commercial power alternating current signal on the single live wire; when the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 is disconnected, the commercial power alternating current on the single live wire is also disconnected, at the moment, the ceiling fan driving unit can still keep normal operation for a period of time under the support of the capacitor energy storage of the control circuit of the ceiling fan driving unit, and at the moment, the signal extraction module receives a zero potential direct current signal on the single live wire (as long as the disconnection time of the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 does not exceed the support time of the capacitor energy storage, the power failure of the ceiling fan driving unit cannot be caused); because the signal extraction module receives different signals on a single live wire when the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is switched on and off, the signals can be sent to different information of the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit can control the rotating speed of the ceiling fan motor by taking the information as a speed regulating signal. When the main control module does not send a speed regulation signal, the main control module always sends a control signal for keeping the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 conducted so as to ensure the normal work of the ceiling fan driving unit and the ceiling fan motor.

Further, in the step a, before sending the speed regulation signal, the main control module firstly sends a preparation signal with a preset length to turn on the triac SCR 1; after the control signal is sent, the main control module sends an end bit signal with a preset length again so as to enable the bidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 to be disconnected for a preset time; and in the step B, the ceiling fan driving unit considers that the speed regulating signal is received after receiving the end position signal.

By the aid of the preparation signal, the ceiling fan driving unit can have an accurate reference signal to ensure that the starting position of the speed regulating signal is judged. After the control signal is sent, the end signal enables the SCR1 to be disconnected, at the moment, a zero-potential direct-current signal with a preset length appears on a single live wire, and the ceiling fan driving unit can know that the speed regulating signal is received completely according to the signal. The preparation signal and the end position signal are utilized to enable the ceiling fan driving unit to accurately identify the beginning and the end of the speed regulating signal, so that an accurate and complete speed regulating signal is obtained.

Specifically, in step a of this embodiment, the control signal is a digital signal with an interval of low level and high level, where each of the high level signal and the low level signal represents a digital signal, the signal lengths of the high level and the low level are determined by the value of the corresponding bit of the digital signal, the level signals with different signal lengths represent different values, the values represented by the level signals with the same signal length are the same, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the triac SCR 1; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit stops driving a motor of the ceiling fan when judging that the speed regulation signal is received, and the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state; the ceiling fan driving unit judges the value represented by the level signal according to the high and low level time of the square wave signal; the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate at the new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

Under the condition that a single live wire is kept connected and a ceiling fan driving unit and a ceiling fan motor work normally (namely, when the main control module does not send a speed regulation signal, commercial power alternating current is transmitted on the single live wire at the moment), the main control module sends a control signal to regulate the speed, the first control signal is a level signal for disconnecting the bidirectional thyristor SCR1, and thus a zero potential direct current signal with a preset length appears on the single live wire to represent the start of the speed regulation signal. The ceiling fan driving unit immediately stops driving the motor of the ceiling fan after receiving and judging that a speed regulating signal is sent to the beginning, so that the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state, and the fan blades of the ceiling fan rotate by means of inertia of the ceiling fan so as to avoid the phenomenon that the motor and the fan blades of the ceiling fan shake due to unstable voltage on a single live wire.

The control method is described below with reference to specific control examples:

the wall control unit of the ceiling fan:

firstly, whether a speed regulation signal is sent for the first time or not is judged, and if the speed regulation signal is the first gear sending signal, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends a high-level preparation signal of 8400ms, and if the high-level preparation signal is not the first gear sending signal: the single chip microcomputer MCU sends a high-level preparation signal of 400ms, the preparation signal enables the SCR1 to be conducted, it is guaranteed that the ceiling fan driving unit is completely powered on before the speed regulation signal is sent, and the received signal is a continuous square wave signal. The first signal of the real speed regulating signal is a low-level direct current signal, so that the ceiling fan driving unit can accurately judge the initial position of the speed regulating signal.

In the present embodiment, the speed regulation switch has a total of six gears, wherein the corresponding numerical values of the respective gears are specified as follows: 1 st gear 1000B, 2 nd gear 0100B, 3 rd gear 1100B, 4 th gear 0010B, 5 th gear 1010B, 6 th gear 0110B, that is, each gear corresponds to a four-digit numerical value.

The single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a speed regulating signal according to a gear to be sent, and then sends out a fourth position, a second position and a first position in sequence, wherein the fourth position is a low level (the bidirectional controlled silicon SCR1 is disconnected to ensure that a first position signal of the speed regulating signal received by the ceiling fan driving unit is a direct current signal of the low level), the third position is a high level, the second position is a low level, and the first position is a high level; after the gear value is sent, a low-level end bit signal of 100ms is sent again.

In the present embodiment, the pulse length width of the signal indicating "0" is 100ms, and the pulse length width of the signal indicating "1" is 250 ms.

For example, to shift to third gear (corresponding to a value of 1100B): the MCU of the single chip microcomputer firstly sends a preparation signal and then sends a speed regulation signal, and because the 4 th bit is 1: therefore, the low level of 250ms is sent first; bit 3 is 1, so a high level of 250ms occurs; bit 2 is 0, so a low level of 100ms is sent; the 1 st bit is 0, so it goes high for 100 ms. Finally, transmitting the low level of 100 ms; after the speed regulation signal and the end position are sent out, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a high level signal all the time to ensure that the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted. The signal diagram of the MCU is shown in FIG. 3.

For example, to adjust to the second level (corresponding to a value of 0100B): the preparation signal is sent first, and then the timing signal is sent, because the 4 th bit is 1: so a low level of 100ms is sent first; bit 3 is 1, so a high level of 250ms occurs; bit 2 is 0, so a low level of 100ms is sent; the 1 st bit is 0, so it goes high for 100 ms. Finally, the low level is sent for 100 ms. After the speed regulation signal and the end position are sent out, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a high level signal all the time to ensure that the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted. The signal diagram of the MCU is shown in FIG. 4.

Among the control signals, the speed regulating signal before the end position is a high level signal, and the end position is overturned, so that the identification of the ceiling fan driving unit is facilitated.

The ceiling fan driving unit:

due to the resistor R70, when the single live wire is disconnected, the signal received by the ceiling fan driving unit is a high level DC signal.

In the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, when the ceiling fan driving unit receives a high level signal for 60ms, the ceiling fan driving unit indicates that the speed regulation signal is received and stops driving the ceiling fan motor, and at the moment, the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state;

the ceiling fan driving unit times the received high-level direct current signal (corresponding to the low-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer) and the continuous square wave signal (corresponding to the high-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer) in the speed regulating signal to count the on-off time T1 of the single live wire (corresponding to the low-level signal or the high-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer), and if the on-off time T1 is less than 80ms or more than 300ms, the signal is considered to be an invalid signal, and the speed regulating signal needs to be read again.

When the on-off time T1 is more than 175ms, the code is considered as 1; otherwise, it is considered as code 0. When the continuous conduction time of the single live wire reaches 350ms (namely the ceiling fan driving unit continuously receives a square wave signal of 350 ms), the code receiving is considered to be finished;

the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold value of 30 revolutions per minute, the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate in a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold value of 30 revolutions per minute, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate in a new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

Example 2:

the hardware circuit of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the control method is somewhat different, specifically, in step a of this embodiment, the control signal is a digital signal with alternate low level and high level, wherein the combination of the adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the signal length of the high level and/or low level is determined by the value of the represented digital, and the signal lengths corresponding to different values are different, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the triac SCR 1; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit stops driving a motor of the ceiling fan when judging that the speed regulation signal is received, and the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state; the ceiling fan driving unit divides adjacent low level signals and high level signals in the square wave signals into a group, and judges the value represented by the group of signals according to the lengths of different level signals in the group of signals; the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate at the new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

the wall control unit of the ceiling fan:

The MCU sends out a speed regulation signal according to the gear to be sent, firstly sends out the fourth bit, then sequentially sends out the third bit, the second bit and the first bit, and sends out a 100ms low-level end bit signal after the gear value is sent out.

In the present embodiment, the signal indicating "0" is constituted as follows: low level 100ms, high level 100ms, and the signal representing "1" is constructed as follows: low level 250ms and high level 100 ms.

For example, to shift to third gear (corresponding to a value of 1100B): the MCU of the single chip microcomputer firstly sends a preparation signal and then sends a speed regulation signal, and because the 4 th bit is 1: so that the low level is sent first for 250ms and then the high level is sent for 100ms, which in combination represent the value "1" for the fourth bit; bit 3 is a 1, so that a low level of 250ms is issued first, and a high level of 100ms is issued second, the low level and the high level combining to represent the value "1" of the third bit; bit 2 is 0, so that a low level of 100ms is issued first, and a high level of 100ms is issued second, the low and high levels combining to represent the value "0" of the second bit; the 1 st bit is 0, so that a low level of 100ms is sent first, and then a high level of 100ms is sent, and the low level and the high level are combined to represent the value of the first bit, namely 0; after the speed regulation signal and the end position are sent out, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a high level signal all the time to ensure that the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted. The signal diagram of the MCU is shown in FIG. 5.

For example, to adjust to the second level (corresponding to a value of 0100B): the prepare signal is sent first, and then the throttle signal is sent, because the 4 th bit is 0: so that the low level is sent for 100ms first and then the high level is sent for 100ms, the combination of the low level and the high level representing the value "0" of the fourth bit; bit 3 is a 1, so that a low level of 250ms is issued first, and a high level of 100ms is issued second, the low level and the high level combining to represent the value "1" of the third bit; bit 2 is 0, so that a low level of 100ms is issued first, and a high level of 100ms is issued second, the low and high levels combining to represent the value "0" of the second bit; the 1 st bit is 0, so that a low level of 100ms is sent first, and then a high level of 100ms is sent, and the low level and the high level are combined to represent the value of the first bit, namely 0; after the speed regulation signal and the end position are sent out, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a high level signal all the time to ensure that the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted. The signal diagram of the MCU is shown in FIG. 6.

In the speed regulating signal, no matter the value of the fourth bit is '1' or '0', the fourth bit is the combination of a low level signal and a high level signal, wherein the low level signal is in front, namely the first signal of the real speed regulating signal is ensured to be a low level direct current signal, so that the ceiling fan driving unit can accurately judge the initial position of the speed regulating signal. And the speed regulating signal before the end position is a high level signal, and the turning is performed between the speed regulating signal and the end position, so that the ceiling fan driving unit can be identified conveniently.

The ceiling fan driving unit:

the ceiling fan driving unit counts the received high-level direct current signal (corresponding to the low-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer) and the continuous square wave signal (corresponding to the high-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer) in the speed regulating signal to count the disconnection time T2 of the single live wire (corresponding to the low-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer), and if the disconnection time T2 is less than 80ms or more than 300ms, the signal is considered to be an invalid signal and the speed regulating signal needs to be read again.

When the above-mentioned off-time T2 > 175ms, it is considered as code 1; otherwise, it is considered as code 0. When the continuous conduction time of the single live wire reaches 350ms (namely the ceiling fan driving unit continuously receives a square wave signal of 350 ms), the code receiving is considered to be finished;

Example 3:

the hardware circuit of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the control method is somewhat different, specifically, in step a of this embodiment, the control signal is a digital signal with alternate low level and high level, wherein the combination of the adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the signal length of the high level and/or low level is determined by the value of the represented digital, and the signal lengths corresponding to different values are different, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the triac SCR 1; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, the ceiling fan driving unit divides adjacent low level signals and high level signals in the square wave signal into a group, and the numerical value represented by the group of signals is judged according to the lengths of different level signals in the group of signals; the ceiling fan driving unit compares the value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, and the ceiling fan driving unit enables a ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

Under the condition that a single live wire is kept connected and a ceiling fan driving unit and a ceiling fan motor work normally (namely, when the main control module does not send a speed regulation signal, commercial power alternating current is transmitted on the single live wire at the moment), the main control module sends a control signal to regulate the speed, the first control signal is a level signal for disconnecting the bidirectional thyristor SCR1, and thus a zero potential direct current signal with a preset length appears on the single live wire to represent the start of the speed regulation signal. For example, whether the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is within a predetermined range can be judged, if the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is within the predetermined range, the zero-potential direct-current signal is a first signal of the speed regulation signal, and if the length of the zero-potential direct-current signal is not within the predetermined range, the zero-potential direct-current signal is not the first signal of the speed regulation signal, the zero-potential direct-current signal can be considered as an invalid signal, and the signal can be read again.

the wall control unit of the ceiling fan:

In the present embodiment, the signal indicating "0" is constituted as follows: low level 40ms, high level 500ms, and the signal representing "1" is constructed as follows: low level 40ms and high level 700 ms.

For example, to shift to third gear (corresponding to a value of 1100B): the MCU of the single chip microcomputer firstly sends a preparation signal and then sends a speed regulation signal, and because the 4 th bit is 1: so that a low level of 40ms is issued first and a high level of 700ms is issued second, the combination of the low and high levels representing the value "1" for the fourth bit; bit 3 is a 1, so that a low level of 40ms is issued first, and a high level of 700ms is issued second, the low level and the high level combining to represent the value "1" of the third bit; bit 2 is 0, so that a low level of 40ms is issued first, and a high level of 500ms is issued second, the low and high levels combining to represent the value "0" of the second bit; the 1 st bit is 0, so that a low level of 40ms is sent first, and a high level of 500ms is sent next, and the low level and the high level are combined to represent the value of the first bit, namely 0; after the speed regulation signal and the end position are sent out, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a high level signal all the time to ensure that the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted. The signal diagram of the MCU is shown in FIG. 7.

For example, to adjust to the second level (corresponding to a value of 0100B): firstly sending a preparation signal and then sending a speed regulation signal, wherein because the 4 th bit is 0, a low level of 40ms is sent firstly, and a high level of 500ms is sent secondly, and the low level and the high level are combined to represent the value '0' of the fourth bit; bit 3 is a 1, so that a low level of 40ms is issued first, and a high level of 700ms is issued second, the low level and the high level combining to represent the value "1" of the third bit; bit 2 is 0, so that a low level of 40ms is issued first, and a high level of 500ms is issued second, the low and high levels combining to represent the value "0" of the second bit; the 1 st bit is 0, so that a low level of 40ms is sent first, and a high level of 500ms is sent next, and the low level and the high level are combined to represent the value of the first bit, namely 0; after the speed regulation signal and the end position are sent out, the single chip microcomputer MCU sends out a high level signal all the time to ensure that the bidirectional controllable silicon SCR1 is conducted. The signal diagram of the MCU is shown in FIG. 8.

The ceiling fan driving unit:

In the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit indicates that the speed regulation signal is received when the high level signal is received for 60 ms;

the ceiling fan driving unit counts the received high-level direct current signal (corresponding to the low-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer) and the continuous square wave signal (corresponding to the high-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer) in the speed regulating signal to count the conduction time T3 of the single live wire (corresponding to the high-level signal sent by the single chip microcomputer), and if the conduction time T3 is less than 400ms or more than 840ms, the signal is considered to be an invalid signal and the speed regulating signal needs to be read again.

When the on-time T3 is greater than 600ms, the code is considered as 1; otherwise, it is considered as code 0. When the continuous conduction time of the single live wire reaches 900ms (namely the ceiling fan driving unit continuously receives a square wave signal of 900 ms), the code receiving is considered to be finished;

the ceiling fan driving unit compares the value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, and then the ceiling fan driving unit enables a ceiling fan motor to operate in a new gear in a continuous rotation mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

Because in the speed governing process, the off-time that sets up triac SCR1 is shorter (40ms), can not cause ceiling fan motor work unstability, consequently in the speed governing process of this embodiment, need not to stop the drive to the ceiling fan motor, and ceiling fan drive unit can directly shift gears after obtaining the speed governing signal, and need not to detect the current rotational speed of ceiling fan motor, and like this, the rotation of ceiling fan is more steady in the speed governing process, the situation that the rotational speed descends can not appear.

The invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description, as long as the invention is capable of being practiced without modification in any way whatsoever, and is capable of other applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A speed regulation control method of a direct current brushless ceiling fan based on a single live wire is characterized in that a ceiling fan wall control unit supplies power to a ceiling fan driving unit and sends a speed regulation signal through the single live wire, and the speed regulation control method comprises the following steps:

2. The speed-regulating control method for the single-fire-wire-based brushless DC ceiling fan according to claim 1, wherein in the step A, the ceiling fan wall control unit firstly sends a preparation signal for conducting the single fire wire with a predetermined length before sending the speed-regulating signal; after the control signal is sent, the wall control unit of the ceiling fan sends out an end position signal with a preset length again so as to disconnect the single live wire for a preset time; and in the step B, the ceiling fan driving unit considers that the speed regulating signal is received after receiving the end position signal.

3. The speed regulation control method of the single-live wire-based brushless DC ceiling fan according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a switch element controlled to be turned on and off by high and low levels is connected in series to the single live wire, and the wall control unit of the ceiling fan sends a control signal to the switch element to control the on and off of the switch element, thereby realizing the control of the on and off of the single live wire.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control signal is a digital signal with a low level and a high level alternately, wherein each of the high level signal and the low level signal represents a digital signal, the signal lengths of the high level and the low level are determined by the value of the corresponding bit of the digital signal, the level signals with different signal lengths represent different values, the level signals with the same signal length represent the same value, and the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the switch; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit stops driving a motor of the ceiling fan when judging that the speed regulation signal is received, and the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state; the ceiling fan driving unit judges the value represented by the level signal according to the high and low level time of the square wave signal; the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate at the new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control signal is a digital signal with low level and high level alternately in the step A, the combination of the adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the length of the high level and/or low level signal is determined by the value of the represented digital signal, and the lengths of the signals corresponding to different values are different, the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the switch; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, and the ceiling fan driving unit stops driving a motor of the ceiling fan when judging that the speed regulation signal is received, and the ceiling fan is in a rotating speed following state; the ceiling fan driving unit divides adjacent low level signals and high level signals in the square wave signals into a group, and judges the value represented by the group of signals according to the lengths of different level signals in the group of signals; the ceiling fan driving unit compares a value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, then the ceiling fan driving unit detects the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor, if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is lower than a preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit controls the ceiling fan motor to stop and restarts the ceiling fan motor to enable the ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear, and if the rotating speed of the current ceiling fan motor is equal to or higher than the preset threshold value, the ceiling fan driving unit enables the ceiling fan motor to operate at the new gear in a continuous rotating mode; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control signal is a digital signal with low level and high level alternately in the step A, the combination of the adjacent low level signal and high level signal represents a digital signal, the length of the high level and/or low level signal is determined by the value of the represented digital signal, and the lengths of the signals corresponding to different values are different, the first signal of the control signal is a level signal for turning off the switch; in the step B, the signal extraction module obtains a speed regulation signal from a single live wire, converts the speed regulation signal into a square wave signal and sends the square wave signal to the ceiling fan driving unit, the ceiling fan driving unit divides adjacent low level signals and high level signals in the square wave signal into a group, and the numerical value represented by the group of signals is judged according to the lengths of different level signals in the group of signals; the ceiling fan driving unit compares the value represented by the finally obtained speed regulating signal with a preset gear value to obtain a gear value corresponding to the speed regulating signal, and the ceiling fan driving unit enables a ceiling fan motor to operate at a new gear; if the value represented by the speed regulating signal does not have the corresponding gear value, the ceiling fan driving unit keeps the previous gear.

7. A speed regulation control system for realizing the single-fire-wire-based brushless DC ceiling fan speed regulation control method of claim 1, wherein a ceiling fan wall control unit supplies power and sends a speed regulation signal to a ceiling fan driving unit in a single-fire-wire mode, and the ceiling fan driving unit is connected with a ceiling fan motor to drive the ceiling fan motor; the method is characterized in that:

8. The single-fire-wire-based brushless direct-current ceiling fan speed regulation control system of claim 7, wherein the main control module is composed of a single chip microcomputer, a first rectifier bridge and a switch module, an input end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the speed regulation switch, and an output end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a control pin of the switch module; the input terminal of the switch module is connected with the positive terminal of the first rectifier bridge, and the output terminal of the switch module is connected with the negative terminal of the first rectifier bridge through a first current-limiting resistor; and a first alternating current terminal of the first rectifier bridge is connected with the single live wire, and a second alternating current terminal of the first rectifier bridge is connected with a control pin of the bidirectional controllable silicon.

9. The single-fire-wire-based brushless direct-current ceiling fan speed regulation control system of claim 8, wherein the switch module is composed of a one-way thyristor, a second current-limiting resistor, a voltage-dividing circuit and a first optocoupler, wherein a positive terminal of the one-way thyristor is an input terminal of the switch module, and a negative terminal of the one-way thyristor is an output terminal of the switch module; the positive end of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the collector terminal of the first optocoupler through a second current-limiting resistor; the emitter terminal of the first optical coupler is connected with the control pin of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier through a voltage division circuit, the input pin of the first optical coupler is the control pin of the switch module, and the output pin of the first optical coupler is grounded; the collector terminal of the first optical coupler is further connected with the negative terminal of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier through a fourth diode, and the collector terminal of the first optical coupler is further connected with the negative terminal of the first rectifier bridge through a first transient suppression diode.

10. The single fire wire based brushless direct current ceiling fan speed control system of claim 8 or 9, wherein the power supply module comprises a second rectifier bridge, a three-terminal regulator, a three-winding transformer, a second optocoupler and a triode, one ac terminal of the second rectifier bridge is connected to the single fire wire, and the other ac terminal is grounded; the negative end of the second rectifier bridge is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode, the base electrode of the triode is divided into three paths, wherein the first path is connected with the positive end of the second rectifier bridge through a pull-up resistor and a third current-limiting resistor, the second path is connected with the first terminal of the second secondary winding of the three-winding transformer through a first resistor and a second capacitor, and the third path is connected with the collecting electrode end of the second optocoupler; the collector of the triode is connected with the first terminal of the first secondary winding of the three-winding transformer; the connection point of the pull-up resistor and the second current-limiting resistor is connected with the second terminal of the first secondary winding of the three-winding transformer; the second terminal of the second secondary winding of the three-winding transformer is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode; the emitter terminal of the second optocoupler is connected with a first terminal of a second secondary winding of the three-winding transformer through a first diode; the input end of the second optocoupler is divided into two paths after passing through a voltage stabilizing diode and a fourth current limiting resistor, wherein one path is connected with the input pin of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer, the other path is connected with the second terminal of the primary winding of the three-winding transformer through a second diode, and the first terminal of the primary winding of the three-winding transformer is grounded; and the input pin of the three-terminal regulator is also connected with the second alternating current terminal of the first rectifier bridge through a third diode, and the output pin of the three-terminal regulator is the power output end of the power supply module.

11. The single live wire-based brushless direct current ceiling fan speed regulation control system of claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the signal extraction module comprises a fifth current-limiting resistor, a fifth diode, a third optocoupler, and a shaping circuit, wherein the fifth current-limiting resistor, the fifth diode, and an input pin and an output pin of the third optocoupler are connected in series to the single live wire, a collector terminal of the third optocoupler is connected to the ceiling fan driving unit through the shaping circuit, and an emitter terminal of the third optocoupler is grounded.