CN110601544A - Modular combined medium-voltage direct-current converter based on two-stage conversion structure and control method - Google Patents
Modular combined medium-voltage direct-current converter based on two-stage conversion structure and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110601544A CN110601544A CN201910868861.4A CN201910868861A CN110601544A CN 110601544 A CN110601544 A CN 110601544A CN 201910868861 A CN201910868861 A CN 201910868861A CN 110601544 A CN110601544 A CN 110601544A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure and a control method thereof, wherein the modular medium-voltage direct-current converter comprises a plurality of input series output parallel modules; each module comprises an input circuit, an inverter circuit, a soft switching circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectifying circuit and an output voltage stabilizing circuit which are connected in sequence; the inverter circuit gives a duty ratio signal by the control unit to control all the switching tubes, and the frequency of the switching tubes is higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit. The invention reduces the capacity requirement of the high-frequency transformer, avoids the problem of high-voltage feedback, realizes soft switching, and has high efficiency, high reliability and simple isolation scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a modular combined medium-voltage direct-current conversion system, in particular to a modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure and a control method thereof.
Background
With the increasing energy crisis and environmental problems, countries around the world are more concerned about the development of new energy. In order to enable distributed new energy power generation to be flexibly and reliably accessed, most new energy distributed power generation devices, energy storage devices and more loads use a common direct current bus to collect energy. Because the DC voltage grades of different types of new energy devices are different, a DC converter is needed to realize interconnection of high-voltage and low-voltage DC power grids. The medium-voltage direct-current conversion system has wide application prospect in the aspects of high-voltage and low-voltage direct-current power grid interconnection, new energy direct-current convergence, island power supply and the like as an interface of a medium-voltage and low-voltage direct-current system.
At present, an input-series-output parallel direct current converter based on a modular combination mode is widely concerned and researched due to the advantages of modular structure, high integration level and the like. However, in the application of wide-range voltage regulation and high transformation ratio, an Input-series output-parallel (ISOP) converter composed of single-stage conversion type power modules increases the capacity requirement of a high-frequency transformer, the performance of the power modules in a wide range is difficult to ensure to be optimal, and the problems of high-voltage isolation feedback and the like exist; meanwhile, due to the adoption of an ISOP structure, the consistency and the power balance of the input voltage of each module are difficult to guarantee. Therefore, the direct current converter formed by connecting the input and the output of the two-stage conversion type power modules in series and in parallel is constructed, the power sharing problem is solved, and the direct current converter has extremely high engineering application value and market value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure and a control method thereof, which simplify a feedback circuit and ensure the stability of output voltage; the turn-on and turn-off loss of the main circuit switching tube is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of modules with input sides connected in series and output sides connected in parallel; each module comprises an input circuit, an inverter circuit, a soft switching circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectifying circuit and an output voltage stabilizing circuit which are connected in sequence; the inverter circuit gives a duty ratio signal by the control unit to control all the switching tubes, and the frequency of the switching tubes is higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit.
The input circuit comprises at least two capacitors with the same parameter and connected in series.
The inverter circuit comprises at least two switching tubes, and the two switching tubes are connected in parallel at the rear stage of the input circuit.
The soft switching circuit is formed by connecting an inductor and a capacitor in series and is connected in parallel with the rear stage of the inverter circuit.
The isolation circuit is composed of single-winding transformers, the transformation ratios of the single-winding transformers are the same, the primary side of the isolation circuit is connected in series in the soft switching circuit, and the secondary side of the isolation circuit is connected with the rectifying circuit.
The series input voltage range of the input circuit is 2kV-4kV, and the parallel output voltage range is 400V-800V.
The voltage stabilizing circuit is controlled by the following processes: taking the given value of the voltage outer ring as an output voltage reference value and the output current as an inner ring; taking the average input voltage as a reference, if the input voltage of a certain module is higher than the average voltage, sending the difference value into a PI link, taking the PI output as the reference value of the current loop of the module, increasing the output current of the module and reducing the input voltage of the module; otherwise, the reference value of the current loop of the module is reduced, so that the modules show a load characteristic curve that the input voltage is increased or reduced and the output current is increased or reduced, and the input voltage of each module is consistent and the power of each module is uniformly distributed.
A control method of a modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure comprises the following steps:
the preceding stage inverter circuit gives a duty ratio signal by the control unit to control all the switching tubes, and the frequency of the switching tubes is higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit;
the control process of the rear-stage voltage stabilizing circuit is as follows: taking the given value of the voltage outer ring as an output voltage reference value and the output current as an inner ring; taking the average input voltage as a reference, if the input voltage of a certain module is higher than the average voltage, sending the difference value into a PI link, taking the PI output as the reference value of the current loop of the module, increasing the output current of the module and reducing the input voltage of the module; otherwise, the reference value of the current loop of the module is reduced, so that the modules show a load characteristic curve that the input voltage is increased or reduced and the output current is increased or reduced, and the input voltage of each module is consistent and the power of each module is uniformly distributed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the power module of the invention is composed of a front stage and a rear stage to form a two-stage voltage regulation structure, thereby realizing high-voltage isolation, optimal performance of a high-transformation-ratio direct-current system and wide-range voltage regulation, ensuring that the converter works in the optimal performance state, simplifying a feedback circuit and ensuring stable output voltage; the input series output parallel sub-module adopts a resonant circuit to realize the soft switching of a switching tube, so that the switching loss and the turn-on loss of the switching tube of the main circuit can be reduced; the invention reduces the capacity requirement of the high-frequency transformer, avoids the problem of high-voltage feedback, realizes soft switching, and has the advantages of high efficiency, high reliability, simple isolation scheme and the like;
2. the control method provided by the invention ensures that the input voltages of the modules are consistent, so that the power of the modules is uniformly distributed, the stress of the device is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the reliability of the system is improved;
3. in the invention, the driving modules only need secondary side power isolation, the primary side does not need isolation, and the traditional optical fiber isolation is not needed, so that half of the isolation cost can be saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a main circuit structure diagram of a modular combined medium-voltage dc converter of a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an isolation structure diagram of a modular combined medium-voltage dc converter of a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a control and driving circuit of a modular combined medium voltage dc converter with a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a control strategy of a modular combined medium-voltage dc converter with a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a main circuit structure diagram of a modular medium voltage dc converter based on a two-stage conversion structure, where each module includes an input circuit, an inverter circuit, an auxiliary soft switching circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectifier circuit, and an output voltage stabilizing circuit, which are connected in sequence.
The input circuit comprises at least two capacitors with the same parameters and connected in series;
the inverter circuit comprises at least two switching tubes which are connected in parallel at the rear stage of the input circuit;
the soft switching circuit is formed by connecting an inductor and a capacitor in series and is connected in parallel with the rear stage of the inverter circuit;
the isolation circuit is composed of a single-winding transformer, the transformer parameters are basically consistent, the primary side of the isolation circuit is connected in series in the soft switch circuit, and the secondary side of the isolation circuit is connected with the rectifying circuit;
the rectifying circuit consists of four diodes, and the output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with a filter capacitor after being connected in parallel;
the output voltage stabilizing circuit consists of a switch tube, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor; the output voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel with the rear stage of the filter capacitor;
the drive isolation circuit is connected with the PWM output port of the control circuit and the input end of the main circuit drive signal.
The power module adopts an input series output parallel structure to realize high-voltage input and low-voltage output, and is combined with a rear-stage voltage stabilizing circuit to form a two-stage voltage regulating structure: each module of the preceding stage realizes high transformation ratio voltage reduction by utilizing the characteristic of a series voltage division structure; the back stage is connected with the output of the voltage stabilizing circuit in parallel to realize the functions of voltage reduction and voltage stabilization.
The series input voltage range is 2kV-4kV, and the parallel output voltage range is 400V (when 2kV is input) to 800V (when 4kV is input).
The single-phase full bridge converts direct-current input voltage of each module into high-frequency alternating current, wherein driving pulses of each module converter come from an isolation driving module UCC21520, and the driving isolation module can isolate and control high voltage of a main power circuit; the high-frequency alternating current resonates in the series resonant cavity to realize the soft switch, and the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity is determined by the method shown in the formula (1)
Wherein f isrIs the resonant frequency, omegarAt a resonant angular frequency, LlkFor leakage inductance of the transformer, CacIs a resonant capacitor.
The voltage of the high-frequency alternating current is reduced after passing through the step-down transformer, the voltage stabilization is realized through the post-stage voltage stabilizing circuit, and the input-output voltage transmission ratio is determined by a formula (2).
Wherein the relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage of the voltage regulating circuit may be determined by equation (2):
wherein, VoutTo output a voltage, VinIs input voltage, N is the number of input serial output parallel modules, kTFor transformer transformation ratio, DBIs the voltage stabilizing circuit transformation ratio.
Fig. 2 is an isolation structure diagram of a modular combined medium-voltage dc converter with a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, where an isolation circuit is required to isolate each main controller from an input high voltage, primary and secondary sides of a driving module, and secondary sides of driving circuits of each module. In high voltage occasions, the controller and the primary side of the driving module are also completely isolated by the optical fiber, but in the isolation scheme provided by the invention, the primary side and the secondary side of the driving module are completely isolated, so that the controller and the driving input end do not need to be isolated, half of the cost of the auxiliary power supply module and the optical fiber is saved, the complexity of the system is reduced, the reliability is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a control and driving circuit of a modular combined medium voltage dc converter with a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, which uses a DSP as an operation control chip to generate a PWM waveform according to an input/output and control algorithm; the driving chip provides high-voltage isolation of the original secondary side and enhances driving capability.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a control strategy of a modular combined medium-voltage dc converter with a two-stage conversion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a power module control method includes:
the preceding stage inverter circuit gives a duty ratio signal by the control unit to control all the switching tubes, and the frequency of the switching tubes is slightly higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit;
the control process of the rear-stage voltage stabilizing circuit is as follows: the given value of the voltage outer ring is used as an output voltage reference value, and the output current is used as an inner ring. Taking the average input voltage as a reference, if the input voltage of a certain module is higher than the average voltage, sending the difference value into a PI link, taking the PI output as the reference value of the current loop of the module, increasing the output current of the module and reducing the input voltage of the module; otherwise, the reference value of the current loop of the module is reduced, so that each module presents a load characteristic curve that the input voltage is increased (reduced) and the output current is increased (reduced), and the input voltage of each module is consistent and the power of each module is evenly distributed.
Claims (8)
1. A modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of modules with input sides connected in series and output sides connected in parallel; each module comprises an input circuit, an inverter circuit, a soft switching circuit, an isolation circuit, a rectifying circuit and an output voltage stabilizing circuit which are connected in sequence; the inverter circuit gives a duty ratio signal by the control unit to control all the switching tubes, and the frequency of the switching tubes is higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit.
2. The two-stage conversion architecture based modular medium voltage direct current converter according to claim 1, characterized in that said input circuit comprises at least two capacitors with identical parameters and connected in series with each other.
3. The modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on the two-stage conversion structure is characterized in that the inverter circuit comprises at least two switching tubes, and the two switching tubes are connected in parallel to the rear stage of the input circuit.
4. The modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on the two-stage conversion structure is characterized in that the soft switching circuit is formed by connecting an inductor and a capacitor in series and is connected to the rear stage of the inverter circuit in parallel.
5. The modular medium voltage dc converter based on two-stage conversion structure according to claim 1, wherein each of said modules comprises a single winding transformer having a primary side connected in series in a soft switching circuit and a secondary side connected to a rectifying circuit.
6. The modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on the two-stage conversion structure is characterized in that the series input voltage range of the input circuit is 2-4 kV, and the parallel output voltage range of the input circuit is 400-800V.
7. The modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on the two-stage conversion structure according to claim 1, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit control process is as follows: taking the given value of the voltage outer ring as an output voltage reference value and the output current as an inner ring; taking the average input voltage as a reference, if the input voltage of a certain module is higher than the average voltage, sending the difference value into a PI link, taking the PI output as the reference value of the current loop of the module, increasing the output current of the module and reducing the input voltage of the module; otherwise, the reference value of the current loop of the module is reduced, so that the modules show a load characteristic curve that the input voltage is increased or reduced and the output current is increased or reduced, and the input voltage of each module is consistent and the power of each module is uniformly distributed.
8. A control method of a modular medium-voltage direct-current converter based on a two-stage conversion structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the preceding stage inverter circuit gives a duty ratio signal by the control unit to control all the switching tubes, and the frequency of the switching tubes is higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit;
the control process of the rear-stage voltage stabilizing circuit is as follows: taking the given value of the voltage outer ring as an output voltage reference value and the output current as an inner ring; taking the average input voltage as a reference, if the input voltage of a certain module is higher than the average voltage, sending the difference value into a PI link, taking the PI output as the reference value of the current loop of the module, increasing the output current of the module and reducing the input voltage of the module;
otherwise, the reference value of the current loop of the module is reduced, so that the modules show a load characteristic curve that the input voltage is increased or reduced and the output current is increased or reduced, and the input voltage of each module is consistent and the power of each module is uniformly distributed.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112260543A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2021-01-22 | 许继电源有限公司 | High-gain high-frequency isolation bidirectional cascade DC/DC converter and control method thereof |
| CN112821537A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Novel unmanned aerial vehicle standard module and topological structure |
| CN112821776A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-18 | 上海正泰电源系统有限公司 | IIOP topology-based dual-active full-bridge DC/DC converter output current control method |
| EP4145688A1 (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-03-08 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Power converter and control method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112260543A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2021-01-22 | 许继电源有限公司 | High-gain high-frequency isolation bidirectional cascade DC/DC converter and control method thereof |
| CN112821776A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-18 | 上海正泰电源系统有限公司 | IIOP topology-based dual-active full-bridge DC/DC converter output current control method |
| CN112821776B (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2023-01-17 | 上海正泰电源系统有限公司 | IIOP topology-based dual-active full-bridge DC/DC converter output current control method |
| CN112821537A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Novel unmanned aerial vehicle standard module and topological structure |
| EP4145688A1 (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-03-08 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Power converter and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |