CN110600859B - Microstrip RFID antenna - Google Patents

Microstrip RFID antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110600859B
CN110600859B CN201910826285.7A CN201910826285A CN110600859B CN 110600859 B CN110600859 B CN 110600859B CN 201910826285 A CN201910826285 A CN 201910826285A CN 110600859 B CN110600859 B CN 110600859B
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power divider
size
rectangular patch
feed
layer insulating
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CN110600859A (en
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程勇
冒东星
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

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Abstract

The invention discloses a microstrip RFID antenna, which belongs to the technical field of RFID application and comprises a lower insulating dielectric plate, a metal ground, an upper insulating dielectric plate and a radiation oscillator which are arranged from bottom to top in a superposed manner, wherein a feed network comprises an external feed port, four feed output ends, a first-stage power dividing circuit and a second-stage power dividing circuit; the first-stage power divider circuit comprises a first power divider, the second-stage power divider circuit comprises a second power divider and a third power divider, the input end of the first power divider is connected with the external feed port of the feed network, the output end of the first power divider is respectively connected with the input ends of the second power divider and the third power divider, and the output ends of the second power divider and the third power divider are connected with the four feed output ends of the feed network to complete output; the present invention achieves uniform field distribution by using an array antenna operating in the UHF band (905-915MHz) for RFID applications. The RFID antenna is used for tracking the objects placed in the metal cabinet and providing a uniform electric field for the objects.

Description

Microstrip RFID antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of RFID application, and particularly relates to a microstrip RFID antenna.
Background
Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems are gaining favor because they can reliably operate at short distances like low frequency/high frequency RFID and the application areas are expanding, such as book management, logistics management and archive management.
For larger areas, a uniform field distribution is generally required to avoid failure to read the tag ID, and the field distribution generated by conventional antennas is not uniform, which requires higher requirements on the electric field distribution of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a microstrip RFID antenna, which mainly adopts a feed network to realize four paths of signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference, and four metal radiation patches are connected through the feed network, so that the requirement of uniform electric field distribution is realized, and the conditions of missing reading, misreading and serial reading are avoided.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a microstrip RFID antenna comprises a lower layer insulating dielectric plate, a metal ground, an upper layer insulating dielectric plate and a radiation array which are arranged from bottom to top in a superposition mode, wherein the radiation array is connected with a feed network through a metal cylindrical conductor, and the feed network comprises an external feed port, four feed output ends, a first-stage power dividing circuit and a second-stage power dividing circuit; the first-stage power divider circuit comprises a first power divider, the second-stage power divider circuit comprises a second power divider and a third power divider, the input end of the first power divider is connected with the external feed port of the feed network, the output end of the first power divider is respectively connected with the input ends of the second power divider and the third power divider, and the output ends of the second power divider and the third power divider are connected with the four feed output ends of the feed network to complete output; the feed output end of the feed network is connected with the radiating array through a metal cylindrical conductor, and the metal cylindrical conductor penetrates through an opening in a metal ground.
Furthermore, the radiating array comprises four square radiating arrays, and the four radiating arrays are arranged on the upper side of the upper-layer insulating medium plate at equal intervals and are in central symmetry with the upper-layer insulating medium plate; and four feed output ends of the feed network are respectively positioned at the lower sides of the radiation arrays in the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the first power divider, the second power divider and the third power divider are microstrip line power dividers; the upper layer insulating medium plate and the lower layer insulating medium plate are made of FR-4 epoxy resin.
Furthermore, the upper insulating dielectric plate and the lower insulating dielectric plate are both rectangular dielectric substrates, the size of the upper insulating dielectric plate is W1 × L1 × H1, and the size of the lower insulating dielectric plate is W1 × L1 × H2; the radiation array is square, and the size is L2 multiplied by L2; the metal ground is formed by a common covering metal layer on the bottom surface of the upper-layer insulating medium plate and the top surface of the lower-layer insulating medium plate, and the size is W1 multiplied by L1; wherein, L1-650 mm, L2-75.7 mm, W1-120 mm; the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric substrate is 2.6mm, and the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm.
Further, the first power divider comprises a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch and a third rectangular patch which are sequentially connected; the size of the first rectangular patch is L3 multiplied by L4, the size of the second rectangular patch is L5 multiplied by L6, the size of the third rectangular patch is L7 multiplied by L8, and two ends of the third rectangular patch are respectively connected with the second power divider and the third power divider on two sides; the sizes of the second power divider and the third power divider are consistent, the second power divider and the third power divider respectively comprise a fourth rectangular patch and a fifth rectangular patch which are sequentially connected, the two ends of the fifth rectangular patch are respectively connected with a sixth rectangular patch, the size of the fourth rectangular patch is L9 × L10, the size of the fifth rectangular patch is L11 × L12, and the size of the sixth rectangular patch is L13 × L14; wherein, L3-5.29 mm, L4-2.8 mm, L5-38.7 mm, L6-8 mm, L7-333 mm, L8-8 mm, L9-8 mm, L10-8 mm, L11-2.8 mm, L12-165.3 mm, L13-2.8 mm, L14-16.86 mm.
Furthermore, the distance between the central points of the adjacent radiation arrays is 162.5mm, and the metal ground below the radiation arrays is provided with a radius R1The distance from the right edge of the radiation array in the horizontal direction is W3, and the distance from the lower edge of the radiation array is W2; r1＝2mm，L2＝75.7mm，W3＝37.85mm， W2＝15mm。
Furthermore, the radius of the metal cylindrical conductor is R, the size is 1mm, and the height of the conductor is 4.2 mm.
Further, the size of the external feeding port is 2mm × 1.6 mm.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, in order to meet the requirement of uniform field distribution, the invention provides the microstrip RFID antenna, the antenna obtains uniform field distribution by using an array antenna, and the array antenna works in the UHF band (905 + 915MHz) and is used for RFID application. The RFID antenna is used for tracking the objects placed in the metal cabinet and providing a uniform electric field for the objects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 3 is a bottom feed network view of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first power divider of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second power divider of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a radiating element of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 8 is a graph of S parameters for a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 9 is a standing wave ratio diagram of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal radiation pattern at 915MHz of a microstrip RFID antenna;
FIG. 11 is a transverse radiation pattern at 915MHz of a microstrip RFID antenna;
reference numerals: 1-upper layer insulating medium plate, 2-lower layer insulating medium plate, 3-metal ground, 4-radiation array, 5-feed network, 6-external feed port, 7-first power divider, 8-second power divider, 9-third power divider, 10-output end and 11-metal cylindrical conductor.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the contents of the present patent application, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a microstrip RFID antenna includes an upper insulating dielectric plate 1, a lower insulating dielectric plate 2, a metal ground 3, a radiating element 4, a feeding network 5, and a metal cylindrical conductor 11; the metal ground 3 is fixed in between the upper insulating dielectric slab 1 and the lower insulating dielectric slab 2, the radiating array 4 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the upper insulating dielectric slab 1, the feed network 5 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the lower insulating dielectric slab 2, the feed output end 10 of the feed network 5 is connected with the radiating array 4 through the metal cylindrical conductor 11, the metal cylindrical conductor 11 passes through the part of the metal ground 3, and the hole is formed at the intersection of the metal plate 3 and the metal cylindrical conductor 11 so that the metal plate can pass through the hole.
The feed network 5 comprises an external feed port 6, a feed output end 10, a first-stage power dividing circuit and a second-stage power dividing circuit; the feed output 10 comprises four output ports; the first-stage power divider circuit comprises a first power divider 7, the second-stage power divider circuit comprises a second power divider 8 and a third power divider 9, and the first power divider 7, the second power divider 8 and the third power divider 9 are all microstrip line power dividers.
An input end of the first power divider 7 is connected to the external feed port 6 of the feed network 5, and an output end of the first power divider 7 is connected to input ends of the second power divider 8 and the third power divider 9, respectively. The output terminals of the second power divider 8 and the third power divider 9 are connected to four feed output terminals 10 of the feed network 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the radiating array 4 includes four square radiating arrays 4, and the four radiating arrays 4 are arranged on the upper side of the upper insulating dielectric slab 1 in an equidifferent manner and are in central symmetry with the upper dielectric slab. Four feed output ends 10 of the feed network 5 are positioned at the lower side of the radiation array 4 in the vertical direction, and the feed output ends 10 of the feed network 5 are connected with the radiation array 4 through metal cylindrical conductors 11.
The upper insulating medium plate 1 and the lower insulating medium plate 2 are made of FR-4 epoxy resin.
The upper insulating dielectric plate 1 is a W1 XL 1 XH 1 cuboid FR-4 dielectric substrate, and the lower insulating dielectric plate 2 is a W1 XL 1 XH 2 cuboid FR-4 dielectric substrate; the radiation arrays 4 are arranged on the upper-layer insulating medium plate 1 in an equal difference mode, the size is L2 multiplied by L2, and the distance between the central points of the adjacent radiation arrays 4 is 162.5 mm; the metal ground 3 is formed by a covering metal layer shared by the bottom surface of the upper insulating medium plate 1 and the top surface of the lower insulating medium plate 2, and has the size of W1mm × L1 mm. The specific dimensions in fig. 2 correspond to: l1-650 mm, L2-75.7 mm and W1-120 mm. R is the radius of the metal cylindrical conductor 11, the size is 1mm, and the height of the conductor is 4.2 mm. The thickness H1 of the upper dielectric substrate is 2.6mm, and the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm.
As shown in fig. 3, the feeding network 5 located on the lower insulating dielectric plate 2 has a 2mm × 1.6mm input end 6 and four feeding output ends 10, and includes a first power divider 7, a second power divider 8, and a third power divider 9, which are used to convert the signal input from the input end into four paths of signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference, and output the signals from the four feeding output ends 10 to the four radiating elements 4 through four conductors 11, respectively.
As shown in fig. 4, the side surface of the microstrip RFID antenna is, from top to bottom, sequentially provided with a radiating element 4, an upper insulating dielectric plate 1, a metal ground 3, a lower insulating dielectric plate 2, and a metal cylindrical conductor 11 connected to the radiating element 4 through a feed network 5 on the lower side of the lower insulating dielectric plate 2.
As shown in fig. 5, the first rectangular patch of the first power divider 7 has a size of L3 × L4 (5.29mm × 2.8mm), the lower side of the first rectangular patch is connected to the middle of the upper side of the second rectangular patch L5 × L6(38.7mm × 8mm), the lower side of the second rectangular patch is connected to the middle of the upper side of the third rectangular patch L7 × L8(333mm × 8mm), and the two ends of the third rectangular patch are connected to the second power divider 8 and the third power divider 9 on the two sides, respectively.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a structural diagram of the third power divider 9, the second power divider 8 and the third power divider 9 have the same size, the right side of the third rectangular patch is aligned with the right side of the fourth rectangular patch L9 × L10(8mm × 8mm), the lower side of the fourth rectangular patch is connected to the middle of the upper side of the fifth rectangular patch L11 × L12 (2.8mm × 165.3mm), and the two end sections of the fifth rectangular patch L11 × L12 are connected to the symmetrically arranged sixth rectangular patch L13 × L14(2.8mm × 16.86mm) to serve as the feed output terminal 10 of the feed network 5.
Specifically, the above dimensions are: l3-5.29 mm, L4-2.8 mm, L5-38.7 mm, L6-8 mm, L7-333 mm, L8-8 mm, L9-8 mm, L10-8 mm, L11-2.8 mm, L12-165.3 mm, L13-2.8 mm, L14-16.86 mm.
As shown in FIG. 7, a metal ground 3 below the radiating array 4 with the size of L2 × L2 is provided with a radius of R1The circular hole is located at a distance W3 from the right edge of the radiation array in the horizontal direction and at a distance W2 from the lower edge, as shown in the figure. Specifically, R1＝2mm，L2＝75.7mm，W3＝37.85mm， W2＝15mm。
As shown in fig. 8, the return loss is normalized to-6 dB, and it can be seen that the S11 parameter of the antenna meets the standard in the operating frequency band.
As shown in fig. 9, the voltage standing wave ratio represents the ratio of the voltage peak value to the voltage valley value of the standing wave, and from the viewpoint of energy transmission, the VSWR is ideally 1:1, and it can be seen that the VSWR parameter of the antenna is close to 1 in the operating frequency band, which meets the requirement.
Fig. 10 and 11 are longitudinal radiation patterns and transverse radiation patterns of the present antenna, which shows good directivity because the present antenna is used in the RFID field.
The antenna is designed in the embodiment, the working frequency range of the antenna is 905-915MHz, the antenna can be used for RFID application, the problem of uneven distribution of a common antenna field is solved, the problems of misreading and crosstalk are effectively avoided, and the antenna can be used for tracking articles placed in a metal cabinet.

Claims (7)

1. A microstrip RFID antenna characterized by: the power distribution device comprises a lower-layer insulating dielectric plate (2), a metal ground (3), an upper-layer insulating dielectric plate (1) and a radiating array (4) which are arranged from bottom to top in a superposed mode, wherein the radiating array (4) is connected with a feed network (5) through a metal cylindrical conductor (11), and the feed network (5) comprises an external feed port (6), four feed output ends (10), a first-stage power distribution circuit and a second-stage power distribution circuit; the first-stage power dividing circuit comprises a first power divider (7), the second-stage power dividing circuit comprises a second power divider (8) and a third power divider (9), the input end of the first power divider (7) is connected with an external feed port (6) of the feed network (5), the output end of the first power divider (7) is respectively connected with the input ends of the second power divider (8) and the third power divider (9), and the output ends of the second power divider (8) and the third power divider (9) are connected with four feed output ends (10) of the feed network (5) to complete output; the feed output end (10) of the feed network (5) is connected with the radiating array (4) through a metal cylindrical conductor (11), and the metal cylindrical conductor (11) penetrates through an opening in the metal ground (3); the first power divider (7) comprises a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch and a third rectangular patch which are sequentially connected; the size of the first rectangular patch is L3 multiplied by L4, the size of the second rectangular patch is L5 multiplied by L6, the size of the third rectangular patch is L7 multiplied by L8, and two ends of the third rectangular patch are respectively connected with the second power divider (8) and the third power divider (9) on two sides; the second power divider (8) and the third power divider (9) are consistent in size, the second power divider (8) and the third power divider (9) respectively comprise a fourth rectangular patch and a fifth rectangular patch which are sequentially connected, the two ends of the fifth rectangular patch are respectively connected with a sixth rectangular patch, the size of the fourth rectangular patch is L9 multiplied by L10, the size of the fifth rectangular patch is L11 multiplied by L12, and the size of the sixth rectangular patch is L13 multiplied by L14; wherein, L3-5.29 mm, L4-2.8 mm, L5-38.7 mm, L6-8 mm, L7-333 mm, L8-8 mm, L9-8 mm, L10-8 mm, L11-2.8 mm, L12-165.3 mm, L13-2.8 mm, L14-16.86 mm.
2. The microstrip RFID antenna of claim 1 wherein: the radiating array (4) comprises four square radiating arrays (4), the four radiating arrays (4) are arranged on the upper side of the upper-layer insulating dielectric plate (1) at equal intervals and are centrosymmetric with the upper-layer insulating dielectric plate (1); and four feed output ends (10) of the feed network (5) are respectively positioned at the lower sides of the radiation arrays (4) in the vertical direction.
3. The microstrip RFID antenna of claim 1 wherein: the first power divider (7), the second power divider (8) and the third power divider (9) are microstrip line power dividers; the upper layer insulating medium plate (1) and the lower layer insulating medium plate (2) are made of FR-4 epoxy resin.
4. The microstrip RFID antenna of claim 1 wherein: the upper-layer insulating dielectric plate (1) and the lower-layer insulating dielectric plate (2) are both rectangular dielectric substrates, the size of the upper-layer insulating dielectric plate (1) is W1 × L1 × H1, and the size of the lower-layer insulating dielectric plate (2) is W1 × L1 × H2; the radiation array (4) is square and has the size of L2 multiplied by L2; the metal ground (3) is formed by covering a metal layer on the bottom surface of the upper-layer insulating dielectric plate (1) and the top surface of the lower-layer insulating dielectric plate (2) in a shared mode, and the size of the metal ground is W1 multiplied by L1; wherein, L1-650 mm, L2-75.7 mm, W1-120 mm; the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric substrate is 2.6mm, and the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm.
5. The microstrip RFID antenna of claim 4, wherein: the distance between the central points of the adjacent radiation arrays (4) is 162.5mm, and the metal ground (3) is provided with a radius R1The distance between the round hole and the right side edge of the radiation array (4) in the horizontal direction is W3, and the distance between the round hole and the lower side edge is W2; r1＝2mm，L2＝75.7mm，W3＝37.85mm，W2＝15mm。
6. The microstrip RFID antenna of claim 1 wherein: the radius of the metal cylindrical conductor (11) is R, the size is 1mm, and the height of the conductor is 4.2 mm.
7. The microstrip RFID antenna of claim 1 wherein: the size of the external feeding port (6) is 2mm multiplied by 1.6 mm.
CN201910826285.7A 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 Microstrip RFID antenna Active CN110600859B (en)

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Citations (1)

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