CN215299510U

CN215299510U - Patch antenna

Info

Publication number: CN215299510U
Application number: CN202120583101.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈思; 王超; 李飞
Original assignee: AAC Technologies Holdings Nanjing Co Ltd
Current assignee: AAC Technologies Holdings Nanjing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-22
Filing date: 2021-03-22
Publication date: 2021-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-22

Abstract

The utility model provides a patch antenna, which comprises a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch and a third radiation patch, wherein the first radiation patch is provided with a through hole penetrating through the first radiation patch; a second radiation patch which is opposite to the first radiation patch and is arranged at an interval; the first feed columns are arranged at intervals, are positioned on one side of the first radiation patch far away from the second radiation patch and are in interval coupling with the first radiation patch, and a first feed port is formed at one end of each first feed column far away from the first radiation patch; and the second feed columns are arranged at intervals, are positioned on one side of the first radiation patch far away from the second radiation patch and are arranged opposite to the two first feed columns at intervals respectively, extend to be electrically connected with the second radiation patch after penetrating through the through holes respectively, and one end of each second feed column far away from the second radiation patch forms a second feed port. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses patch antenna bandwidth is big, width size is little, the isolation is good.

Description

Patch antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a communication technology field especially relates to an apply to portable communication terminal's patch antenna.

Background

With the development of mobile communication technology, mobile phones, PADs, notebook computers, etc. have become indispensable electronic products in life, and such electronic products are all updated to electronic communication products with communication functions by adding antenna systems. With the development of wireless communication technology, the high-speed data transmission between the base station and the mobile terminal imposes strict requirements on antenna design, and the characteristics of broadband, low profile and miniaturization are required to be met.

At present, 5G millimeter wave antennas of mobile communication terminals (such as mobile phones) are often designed by using patches or other antenna types and are placed on the back or the side of the mobile communication terminal. In order to achieve the space coverage performance required by 3GPP, it is necessary to place the antenna to direct the main radiation direction toward the side of the mobile communication terminal. The existing antenna design is difficult to ensure that the requirement of a millimeter wave full frequency band is met, multiple antennas are often required to be managed in different frequency bands, so that the occupied space is inevitably larger, the width of the antenna is difficult to reduce, and the antenna is not suitable for a mobile communication terminal with a narrow frame.

Therefore, there is a need to provide a new patch antenna to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses the technical problem that needs to solve provides a big, the broadside size of bandwidth is narrow and stable performance's patch antenna.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the utility model provides a patch antenna, patch antenna includes antenna element, antenna element includes:

the first radiation patch is provided with two through holes penetrating through the first radiation patch;

the second radiation patch is opposite to the first radiation patch and is arranged at an interval;

the first feed columns comprise two feed ports which are arranged at intervals, the two feed columns are positioned on one side of the first radiation patch far away from the second radiation patch and are coupled with the first radiation patch at intervals, and one end of each feed column far away from the first radiation patch forms a first feed port;

the two second feed columns are located on one side, away from the second radiation patch, of the first radiation patch and are arranged opposite to the two first feed columns at intervals respectively, the two second feed columns penetrate through the two through holes respectively and extend to be electrically connected with the second radiation patch, and one end, away from the second radiation patch, of each second feed column forms a second feed port;

the grounding patch is positioned on one side, far away from the second radiating patch, of the first radiating patch and is spaced from the first radiating patch; the two first feed columns respectively penetrate through the grounding patch and are exposed out of the grounding patch to form the first feed port, and the two second feed columns respectively penetrate through the grounding patch and are exposed out of the grounding patch to form the second feed port; and the number of the first and second groups,

the grounding column is arranged between the first radiation patch and the grounding patch, two ends of the grounding column are respectively and electrically connected with the first radiation patch and the grounding patch, and the grounding column is connected to the geometric center of the first radiation patch; the first feed column and the second feed column jointly encircle the ground column, and the second feed column is closer to the ground column than the first feed column.

Preferably, the antenna unit further includes a parasitic patch surrounding the second radiation patch and coupled to the second radiation patch at an interval.

Preferably, the second radiation patch is rectangular, and the parasitic patches include four and are respectively located on four sides of the second radiation patch.

Preferably, the patch antenna further includes at least two first microstrip lines, and the two first microstrip lines are respectively connected to one ends of the two first feed columns close to the first radiation patch, and respectively form coupled feed with the first radiation patch.

Preferably, the patch antenna further includes a ground pillar and a ground patch, the ground patch is located on a side of the first radiation patch away from the second radiation patch and spaced from the first radiation patch, the ground pillar is disposed between the first radiation patch and the ground patch, and the first feed pillar and the second feed pillar jointly encircle the ground pillar; two ends of the grounding column are respectively and electrically connected with the first radiation patch and the grounding patch; the two first feed columns respectively penetrate through the grounding patch and are exposed out of the grounding patch to form the first feed port, and the two second feed columns respectively penetrate through the grounding patch and are exposed out of the grounding patch to form the second feed port.

Preferably, the ground post is connected to a geometric center position of the first radiating patch.

Preferably, the second feeding column is closer to the ground column than the first feeding column.

Preferably, the patch antenna further includes at least two second microstrip lines and two feeding points disposed on the second radiation patch; one end of each of the two second microstrip lines is connected to the two second feed posts, the other end of each of the two second microstrip lines is connected to the two feed points, and the second feed posts are closer to the grounding post than the feed points.

Preferably, the patch antenna comprises at least two antenna units, and the at least two antenna units are arranged in a column array and sequentially spliced to form the patch antenna.

Preferably, the patch antenna comprises an even number of antenna units, and all the antenna units are arranged in a left-right symmetry manner along the length direction of the array.

Compared with the prior art, in the patch antenna of the utility model, the antenna unit is provided with the first radiation patch to realize the low-frequency working frequency band and the second radiation patch to realize the high-frequency working frequency band, thereby realizing that the same patch antenna simultaneously covers multiple frequency bands to achieve the purpose of wider frequency band; the dual-polarized antenna is fed by coupling the two first feed columns and the first radiation patch and by feeding the two second feed columns and the second radiation patch, so that a probe-type feeding mode dual-polarized antenna is formed, and the dual-polarized antenna is high in isolation degree and better in reliability; in the structure, the structure for realizing the multi-frequency band still adopts the radiation patch structure, so that the wide side of the patch antenna is narrow in size, and the patch antenna is suitable for a mobile communication terminal with a narrow frame.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without inventive work, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a patch antenna according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of one antenna unit of the patch antenna of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a partial three-dimensional structure of an antenna unit of the patch antenna of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an exploded schematic view of another part of the three-dimensional structure of one antenna unit of the patch antenna of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial three-dimensional structure of an antenna unit of the patch antenna of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a graph of S-parameter performance of the antenna unit of the patch antenna of the present invention, wherein fig. 6(a) is a graph of low-frequency S-parameter performance and fig. 6(b) is a graph of high-frequency S-parameter performance;

fig. 7 is an S parameter performance curve diagram of the patch antenna of the present invention, wherein fig. 7(a) is a low frequency S parameter performance curve diagram, and fig. 7(b) is a high frequency S parameter performance curve diagram.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1-5 simultaneously, the present invention provides a patch antenna 100, the patch antenna 100 includes an antenna unit 10, the antenna unit 10 includes a first radiation patch 101, a second radiation patch 102, a first feeding post 103 and a second feeding post 104.

The first radiating patch 101 is provided with two through holes 1011 running through it.

The second radiation patch 102 is opposite to the first radiation patch 101 and is spaced apart from the first radiation patch.

The first feeding columns 103 include two feeding columns which are arranged at intervals, and the two feeding columns 103 are located on one side of the first radiation patch 101 far away from the second radiation patch 102 and are coupled with the first radiation patch 101 at intervals. One end of each first feeding column 103 far from the first radiating patch 1 forms a first feeding port, namely two first feeding ports (feeding port 1 and feeding port 2).

The low frequency is mainly achieved by means of a feed coupling the first feed post 103 with the first radiating patch 101.

In this embodiment, specifically, the patch antenna 10 further includes at least two first microstrip lines 105, the two first microstrip lines 105 are respectively connected to two ends of the first feed pillars 103 close to the first radiation patch 101, and respectively form coupled feed with the first radiation patch 101 at intervals, and the port 1 and the port 2 of the first feed port feed energy to the first microstrip line 105, and then are coupled to the first radiation patch 101 by the first microstrip line 105. Compared with a direct feeding mode of connecting the radiation patch with the feeding column, the broadband antenna has wider implementation bandwidth. In this embodiment, the first radiating patch 101 operates at a low frequency of 24.25GHz to 29.5 GHz.

The second feeding columns 104 include two feeding columns which are arranged at intervals, and the two feeding columns 104 are both located on one side of the first radiation patch 101 far away from the second radiation patch 102 and are respectively arranged opposite to the two feeding columns 103 at intervals.

The two second feeding columns 104 respectively penetrate through the two through holes 1011 and extend to be electrically connected with the second radiating patch 102, so as to form a direct feeding mode, the through holes 1011 can be designed into a whole, and the number of the through holes 1011 can also be matched with that of the second feeding columns 104, and the number of the through holes 1011 in this embodiment includes two. The end of each second feeding column 104 far from second radiating patch 102 forms a second feeding port, i.e. two second feeding ports (feeding port 3 and feeding port 4). In this embodiment, the second radiation patch 102 operates at a high frequency of 37GHz to 40 GHz.

In the structure, a probe type feeding mode is adopted, feeding is realized through four feeding ports, and two first feeding ports (the feeding port 1 and the feeding port 2) and two second feeding ports (the feeding port 3 and the feeding port 4) are adopted, so that the antenna unit 10 forms a dual-polarized antenna structure at high and low frequencies respectively, and the polarization is positive and negative 45 degrees.

Preferably, the antenna unit 10 further includes a parasitic patch 106 surrounding the second radiation patch 102 and coupled to the second radiation patch 102 at an interval, so that the antenna unit 10 further improves the operating bandwidth.

In this embodiment, the second radiation patch 102 is rectangular, and the parasitic patches 106 include four parasitic patches that are respectively located on the peripheral sides of the second radiation patch 102 and are coupled to the second radiation patch 102 at intervals, so as to further improve the operating bandwidth of the antenna unit 10.

In order to improve the heteropolarization isolation of the antenna unit 10, the patch antenna 100 further includes a ground post 107 and a ground patch 108. Specifically, the ground patch 108 is located on a side of the first radiation patch 101 away from the second radiation patch 102 and spaced from the first radiation patch 101, the ground post 107 is disposed between the first radiation patch 101 and the ground patch 108, the first feed post 103 and the second feed post 104 are disposed to surround the ground post 107 together, and two ends of the ground post 107 are electrically connected to the first radiation patch 101 and the ground patch 108, respectively. The ground post 107 is provided to improve the heteropolarization isolation of the antenna element 10, i.e., the isolation between the two feed ports (feed port 1 and feed port 2) for low frequencies and the isolation, i.e., the isolation, between the two feed ports (feed port 3 and feed port 4) for high frequencies.

The two first feeding columns 103 respectively penetrate through the ground patch 108 and are exposed to the ground patch 108 to form the first feeding ports (feeding port 1 and feeding port 2), and the two second feeding columns 104 respectively penetrate through the ground patch 108 and are exposed to the ground patch 108 to form the second feeding ports (feeding port 3 and feeding port 4). When the first power feeding column 103 and the second power feeding column 104 penetrate the ground patch 108, both the first power feeding column and the second power feeding column are not connected to the ground patch 108, that is, are insulated.

Preferably, the grounding stud 107 is connected to the geometric center of the first radiating patch 101, and this arrangement can improve the heteropolarization isolation effect of the antenna unit 10 to a greater extent.

In this embodiment, an example in which the first radiation patch 101 is square, the second radiation patch 102 is square, and the ground patch 108 is rectangular will be described as follows: the first radiation patch 101 and the second radiation patch 102 are arranged oppositely at intervals, when the first radiation patch 101 projects to the second radiation patch 102 in an orthographic direction, two middle lines of the first radiation patch 101 are respectively superposed with two middle lines of the second radiation patch, the two first feed columns 103 are respectively positioned on the two middle lines of the first radiation patch 101, and the distances from the two first feed columns 103 to the geometric center of the first radiation patch 101 are equal; the two second feeding columns 104 are respectively located on two median lines of the second radiation patch 102, and the distances from the two second feeding columns 104 to the geometric center of the second radiation patch 102 are equal. Each first feeding column 103 is located on the same median line of the first radiating patch 101 (or the second radiating patch 102) as one of the second feeding columns 104 and on both sides of the other median line of the first radiating patch 101 (or the second radiating patch 102), respectively, thereby forming dual polarization.

Since the field is weakest in the middle of the radiating patches, in order to improve the isolation performance between the high and low frequency ports, i.e., the isolation between the feed port 1 and the

feed ports

3 and 4, and the isolation between the feed port 2 and the

feed ports

3 and 4, the feed port 3 and the feed port 4, which are high frequency feed ports, are fed close to the center of the second radiating patch 102 in this embodiment. If the high-frequency feed port is close to the edge of the second radiation patch 102, the isolation between the high-frequency feed port and the low-frequency feed port is poor, and a filter needs to be introduced into the high-frequency feed port and the low-frequency feed port. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the above object is achieved by a design in which the second feeding post 104 is closer to the ground post 107 than the first feeding post 103. Specifically, the first radiating patch 101 is rectangular and includes two opposite first sides a, two opposite second sides b, a first median line c parallel to the first sides a, and a second median line d parallel to the second sides b. The two through holes 1011 are respectively located on the first middle bit line c and the second middle bit line d; the distance from the through hole 1011 on the first median line c to the geometric center of the first radiating patch 101 is less than half of the distance from the second edge to the geometric center of the first radiating patch 101, and the distance from the through hole 1011 on the second median line d to the geometric center of the first radiating patch 101 is less than half of the distance from the first edge a to the geometric center of the first radiating patch 101. It is further possible that the length of the first side a is equal to the length of the second side b, i.e. the first radiating patch 101 is right-hand shaped. The structure is beneficial to the optimization of the isolation.

In order to prevent the pad of the second feeding column 104 from being connected to the pad of the grounding column 107, the second feeding column 104 and the through hole 1011 are designed to have a staggered hole structure, that is, the second feeding column 104 includes a column body 1041, a top extension 1042 and a bottom extension 1043 respectively extending from two opposite ends of the column body 1041. The pillar body 1041 and the through hole 1011 corresponding thereto are disposed non-oppositely, and are further away from the ground pillar 107 than when the pillar body is opposite to the through hole 1011, the top extension section 1042 and the bottom extension section 1043 are disposed non-coaxially with the pillar body 1041, the top extension section 1042 and the bottom extension section 1043 are respectively opposite to the through hole 1011, and the top extension section 1042 passes through the through hole 1011, so that the pillar body 1041 and the through hole 1011 form the staggered hole structure, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna performance.

In order to match the impedance of the high-frequency feed ports (feed port 3 and feed port 4), in this embodiment, the patch antenna 100 further includes at least two second microstrip lines 109 and two feed points 1010 disposed on the second radiation patch. One end of each of the two second microstrip lines 109 is connected to each of the two second feed pillars 104, and the other end of each of the two second microstrip lines 109 is connected to each of the two feed points 1010, wherein the second feed pillar 104 is closer to the ground pillar 107 than the feed point 1010, so that the feed point 1010 is located at an edge of the second radiation patch 102, and the feed point and the second feed pillar 104 are connected through the second microstrip line 109. The above structure provides the antenna unit 10 with good isolation performance and wide frequency band, as shown in fig. 6. The minimum width dimension of the antenna unit can be 3.77mm under the condition that the barrier separation is less than-10 dB.

Certainly, the antenna unit 10 may be provided with a dielectric substrate, and the first radiation patch 101, the second radiation patch 102 and other devices are fixed and positioned by the dielectric substrate, so that the second radiation patch 2 and the parasitic patch 106 are located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and exposed, and the ground patch 108 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and exposed.

The utility model discloses a patch antenna 100 includes at least two antenna element 10, at least two antenna element 10 is a formula array and arranges and splice in proper order and form patch antenna 100. Preferably, the patch antenna 100 includes an even number of the antenna units 10, and all the antenna units 10 are arranged in a left-right symmetry manner along the length direction of the array, so that the isolation of the patch antenna 100 is optimal according to the above manner. In this embodiment, the patch antenna 100 includes four antenna elements 10, and the four antenna elements form a 1 × 4 linear array at equal intervals, the first and second antenna elements are symmetrically arranged with the third and fourth antenna elements, and S parameter performance of the patch antenna is shown in fig. 7.

The patch antenna 100 formed by the structure has small width size, wide frequency range and stable performance, and is suitable for the side edge or the back of a communication terminal.

The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes of the present invention are used in the specification and the attached drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and the same principle is included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A patch antenna, comprising an antenna unit, the antenna unit comprising:

2. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein said antenna element further comprises a parasitic patch circumferentially surrounding and spaced from said second radiating patch.

3. A patch antenna according to claim 2, wherein said second radiating patch is rectangular, and said parasitic patches include four and are respectively located on four sides of said second radiating patch.

4. A patch antenna according to claim 1, further comprising at least two first microstrip lines, wherein the two first microstrip lines are respectively connected to two ends of the first feeding columns close to the first radiating patch, and respectively form coupled feeding with the first radiating patch.

5. A patch antenna according to claim 1, further comprising at least two second microstrip lines and two feed points provided to said second radiating patch; one end of each of the two second microstrip lines is connected to the two second feed posts, the other end of each of the two second microstrip lines is connected to the two feed points, and the second feed posts are closer to the grounding post than the feed points.

6. A patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the patch antenna comprises at least two of said antenna elements, said at least two of said antenna elements being arranged in a column array and being sequentially spliced to form said patch antenna.

7. A patch antenna according to claim 6, wherein said patch antenna includes an even number of said antenna elements, and all of said antenna elements are arranged in bilateral symmetry in the longitudinal direction of the array.

8. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first radiating patch is rectangular and includes two opposing first sides, two opposing second sides, a first median line parallel to said first sides, and a second median line parallel to said second sides, and wherein said two vias are located in said first median line and said second median line, respectively; the distance from the through hole on the first median line to the geometric center of the first radiating patch is less than half of the distance from the second edge to the geometric center of the first radiating patch, and the distance from the through hole on the second median line to the geometric center of the first radiating patch is less than half of the distance from the first edge to the geometric center of the first radiating patch.

9. A patch antenna according to claim 8, wherein the length of said first edge is equal to the length of said second edge.