CN110594740A - Micro-scale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame - Google Patents

Micro-scale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110594740A
CN110594740A CN201910816260.9A CN201910816260A CN110594740A CN 110594740 A CN110594740 A CN 110594740A CN 201910816260 A CN201910816260 A CN 201910816260A CN 110594740 A CN110594740 A CN 110594740A
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micro
flame
combustion
scale
metal oxide
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CN110594740B (en
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曾小军
汪小憨
杨浩林
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a microscale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame. The micro-scale intensified combustion method is characterized in that a solid metal oxide material layer is arranged in a combustion area of a micro-scale combustor, and the metal oxide is selected from Zr2O、Al2O3、BaO、MgO、Y2O3、Dy2O3、CeO2、Sm2O3、TiO2、CuO、V2O5MnO and La2O3One or more of them. The invention provides a microscale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame, which increases oxygen ion concentration in microscale flame by arranging solid metal oxide material on the wall surface of a combustor, thereby increasing the stable combustion limit and combustion intensity of microscale flame。

Description

Micro-scale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-scale combustion, in particular to a micro-scale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame.
Background
The progress of modern science and technology provides challenges for energy power systems of miniaturized devices such as mobile devices, electronic systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, individual combat and the like, and micro-power energy systems based on micro-scale combustion become the most competitive and promising technical systems due to the advantages of high energy and power density, long endurance time and the like, and the micro-scale combustion is the key for influencing the performance of micro-energy systems. The size of the micro-scale combustion burner is in millimeter or centimeter magnitude, the burner can directly burn hydrocarbon, and the power can reach dozens of watts; it presents several challenges compared to conventional scale combustion: 1) the size of the combustion chamber is close to or less than the quenching distance of the fuel and the flame instability increases dramatically. 2) The specific quantity of the surface area and the volume of the combustion chamber is extremely large, the heat dissipation loss is large, and flameout is easy. 3) The residence time of the fuel is short, and the combustion efficiency is low, so the blow-out limit and the stable combustion range of the fuel are greatly reduced.
Aiming at the defects of micro-scale combustion, domestic and foreign scientific research personnel carry out extensive research, mainly improve the stability and the combustible limit of micro-scale flame by technical means such as wall surface thermal reflux, fuel catalysis and the like, but have the problems of complex structure, difficult processing, catalyst poisoning, surface pollution and the like, so that a novel efficient micro-scale combustion stabilizing technology is the first problem in the development of micro-energy power systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microscale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame.
The invention aims to provide a microscale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame, wherein a solid metal oxide material layer is arranged on the inner wall of a combustion region with the temperature of more than 400K, and the metal oxide is selected from Zr2O、Al2O3、BaO、MgO、Y2O3、Dy2O3、CeO2、Sm2O3、TiO2、CuO、V2O5MnO and La2O3One or more of them.
The solid metal oxide has ion conducting property under high temperature condition, wherein the metal ion has variable valence property, namely the metal ion R in different redox atmospheresn+And Rm+Interconversion can be easily performed. In a high-temperature reducing atmosphere, because the partial oxygen pressure is low, metal ions in the solid metal oxide material can easily obtain electrons, and the surface of the solid metal oxide material can easily release oxygen ions into a gas phase to form oxygen vacancies, namely partial oxide state RnOmConversion to R2nO2m-1O released into the gas phase2-Increase the local oxygen ion concentration in the flame, and O2-Having a ratio of O2Stronger oxidizability and reaction rate, can quickly combust intermediate product H2CO, etc. to promote the progress of the combustion reaction and increase the flame combustion intensity by the following reactions (1) and (2):
H2+O2-→H2O+2e- (1)
CO+O2-→CO2+2e- (2)
in a high temperature oxidizing atmosphere, the partial oxygen partial pressure increases, and the metal ions in the solid metal oxide material easily lose electrons due to the presence of oxygen vacancies on the oxide surface, resulting in gas phase O2Oxidation to O2-And O is2-Can easily enter oxygen vacancy in solid oxide to fill vacancy, and part of oxide state is formed by R2nO2m-1Conversion to RnOmAt this time, the partial oxygen partial pressure is again lowered due to the adsorption of oxygen vacancies and the oxidative consumption of fuel, thereby realizing an adsorption-release cycle of oxygen ions in the high-temperature flame zone. The oxygen vacancy on the surface of the solid metal oxide material becomes a dynamic oxygen ion storage device, and the oxygen ion concentration consumed in the high-temperature flame area is continuously released and supplemented, so that the combustion intensity and stability of the flame are improved. In a micro-flame combustion zoneAnd because the size of the combustion area is smaller, the solid metal oxide material can be easily contacted with fuel and oxygen, and the solid metal oxide material can play the maximum effect in the aspect of size, so that the micro-scale combustion reaction is enhanced, the enhancement of the micro-scale combustion reaction compensates for the adverse effects of heat dissipation loss, short reaction residence time and the like caused by the scale effect, and the stable combustion limit of the micro-flame is increased.
The solid metal oxide material is attached to the micro-scale combustor in the form of a coating, a sintered solid, a crystal material and the like, and the material structure can be designed into an integral or split structure such as a circle, a rectangle, a polygon and the like according to the wall surface structure of the combustor so as to achieve the best effect of enhancing combustion by increasing the concentration of oxygen ions through micro-scale flame. The solid metal oxide material has no volatilization at high temperature of flame, the state of the material is stable, a small amount of high-temperature binder and the like can be added to increase the strength of the wall material, and the service life of the material is prolonged.
Preferably, the micro-scale burner is sized in the order of centimeters or millimeters.
The invention also provides the application of the microscale intensified combustion method for increasing the concentration of oxygen ions in the flame in the microscale combustor, wherein the inner wall of the microscale combustor is provided with a solid metal oxide material layer, the working temperature of the solid metal oxide material layer is more than 400K, and the metal oxide is selected from Zr2O、Al2O3、BaO、MgO、Y2O3、Dy2O3、CeO2、Sm2O3、TiO2、CuO、V2O5MnO and La2O3More than one of them.
Preferably, the solid metal oxide material layer is mounted in the combustion zone of the micro-scale burner as a shaped material or coating.
Preferably, after the fuel and the air are premixed, the fuel and the air are ignited through a nozzle and enter a micro combustion cavity of the micro-scale combustor, the flame in the micro combustion cavity is fully contacted with the solid metal oxide material layer, and closed circulation of oxygen ion release and adsorption in the high-temperature region of the flame is realized through oxygen vacancy formed on the surface of the solid metal oxide material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the microscale intensified combustion method for increasing the concentration of oxygen ions in the flame, provided by the invention, the solid metal oxide material is arranged on the wall surface of the combustor to increase the concentration of oxygen ions in the microscale flame, so that the stable combustion limit and the combustion intensity of the microscale flame are increased.
(2) The micro-scale combustor provided by the invention is simple to design, process and install, additional parts and structures such as a heat regenerative part and the like of the micro-scale combustor cannot be added, the adsorption-release cycle of oxygen ions is formed by a solid oxide material at a high temperature, the oxide material cannot be consumed, the service life of the wall surface material of the micro-combustor is prolonged compared with catalytic combustion, the situations of wall surface material poisoning failure and the like cannot be generated, and the micro-scale combustor is a simple and efficient micro-scale flame reinforced combustion technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the oxide material enhanced micro-scale combustion technology of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1
A micro-scale burner for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame adopts a square micro-channel wall surface, a burner, a fixed support, a wall surface heater and the like to form a micro-channel combustion system, wherein the square micro-channel wall surface can move, so that the close contact between combustion flame and wall surface materials is ensured, and the distance between square micro-channels is adjustable within the range of 2-6 mm; the wall material is solid metal oxide selected from Zr2O、Al2O3、BaO、MgO、Y2O3、Dy2O3、CeO2、Sm2O3、TiO2、CuO、V2O5MnO and La2O3One or more of them.
The oxide material provided by the invention is strongThe principle diagram of the micro-scale combustion technology is shown in figure 1. Injecting hydrocarbon fuel C from the nozzle pipe when the micro-scale combustor works normallyxHyAnd oxygen O2After ignition, flame is formed in the micro-combustor, and at the moment, the high-temperature flame is fully contacted with the wall oxide material in the micro-combustor; under the action of high temperature of flame, the ion conductivity of the wall of solid metal oxide material is gradually enhanced, wherein the metal ions have the characteristic of easy valence change and are formed by CeO2For example, the metal ion Ce is in different redox atmospheres3+And Ce4+The redox couple can be easily interconverted by using CeO in the solid oxide material2And Ce2O3A state exists. In the high-temperature flame region, the partial oxygen partial pressure is reduced due to the consumption of oxygen by the fuel, which belongs to the reducing atmosphere in this case, CeO2Can easily obtain electrons and release oxygen ions O2-To form Ce2O3And oxygen vacancies are formed in the material due to O2-Having a ratio of O2Stronger oxidation and reaction rate, O released into the flame2-Can easily react with combustion intermediates and unburned hydrocarbon fuel to increase the combustion intensity of the micro-scale flame.
Along with the proceeding of the combustion reaction process, the premixed gas source of the fuel and the oxygen in the high-temperature flame zone is continuously supplemented, so that the partial oxygen partial pressure is improved, and at the moment, the solid oxide Ce in the material is2O3Can easily lose electrons to make O in gas phase2Is oxidized into oxygen ion O2-，O2-Is absorbed by the solid oxide oxygen vacancy on the wall surface of the micro-combustor, and the solid oxide Ce2O3Conversion to CeO2Thereby forming oxygen ion release-adsorption circulation in the combustion area of the micro-scale combustor, increasing the oxygen ion concentration in the micro-scale flame, enhancing the strength of the micro-scale flame and greatly improving the flame stability.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the microchannel wall surface material is composed of a composite material of 10 mass% of cerium oxide and 90 mass% of zirconium oxide.
Example 2
The same as example 1, except that: the microchannel wall surface material is composed of a composite material of 15 mass percent of yttrium oxide and 85 mass percent of zirconium oxide.
Comparative example 1
The same as example 1, except that: stainless steel 304 is used as the microchannel wall material of the microscale burner.
The micro-scale burners obtained from the wall materials of example 2 and comparative example 1 were tested, and the test conditions and flame stability limits were as follows:
working condition 1: the fuel is a premixed gas of methane and air, the fuel flow rate is 0.6m/s, and the fuel equivalence ratio is 0.6. Wall temperature 200-600 ℃, wall material: the results of stainless steel 304 (comparative example 1), yttria at 15% by mass, and zirconia composite oxide material at 85% by mass (example 2) for the flame-stabilizing limit (i.e., the minimum wall distance in mm that ensures stable combustion of the flame) at each wall temperature are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Wall temperature Comparative example 1 Example 2
200℃ 3.50mm 2.80mm
300℃ 3.25mm 2.50mm
400℃ 2.80mm 2.25mm
500℃ 2.75mm 2.0mm
Example 3
The same as example 2, except that: the microchannel wall material is comprised of alumina.
Comparative example 2
The same as example 3, except that: stainless steel 304 is used as the microchannel wall material of the microscale burner.
The micro-scale burners obtained from the wall materials of example 3 and comparative example 2 were tested, and the test conditions and flame stability limits were as follows:
working condition 2: the fuel was a premix of butane and air, fuel flow 0.6m/s, fuel equivalence ratio 0.6. Wall temperature 200-600 ℃, wall material: stainless steel 304 (comparative example 2), alumina (example 3), and the results of the flame stability limit at each wall temperature are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Wall temperature Comparative example 2 Example 3
200℃ 2.60mm 2.20mm
300℃ 2.25mm 1.90mm
400℃ 1.95mm 1.55mm
600℃ 1.85mm 1.30mm
From the experimental test results in tables 1 and 2, it is seen that compared with the stainless steel 304 material, the oxide wall material adopted in examples 2 and 3 improves the stable combustion limit of the micro-scale flame when different fuels are combusted, i.e. the purpose of strengthening the micro-scale combustion is achieved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A micro-scale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame is characterized in that a solid metal oxide material layer is arranged in a combustion area of a micro-scale combustor, and the metal oxide is selected from Zr2O、Al2O3、BaO、MgO、Y2O3、Dy2O3、CeO2、Sm2O3、TiO2、CuO、V2O5MnO and La2O3One or more of them.
2. The method of microscale augmented combustion of claim 1 wherein the microscale burner is on the order of centimeters or millimeters in size.
3. The use of a microscale intensified combustion method for increasing the concentration of oxygen ions in a flame according to claim 1 in a microscale combustor, the microscale combustor having a solid metal oxide material layer disposed on its inner wall, the solid metal oxide material layer having an operating temperature of 400K or higher, the metal oxide being selected from Zr2O、Al2O3、BaO、MgO、Y2O3、Dy2O3、CeO2、Sm2O3、TiO2、CuO、V2O5MnO and La2O3More than one of them.
4. The use of a microscale intensified combustion method for increasing the concentration of oxygen ions in a flame according to claim 3 in a microscale combustor, wherein said layer of solid metal oxide material is mounted in the combustion region of the microscale combustor as a shaped material or coating.
5. The application of the micro-scale intensified combustion method for increasing oxygen ion concentration in flame in the micro-scale combustor according to claim 3, wherein fuel and air are premixed and then ignited through a nozzle and enter a micro-combustion cavity of the micro-scale combustor, the flame in the micro-combustion cavity is fully contacted with the solid metal oxide material layer, and closed circulation of oxygen ion release and adsorption in a high-temperature region of the flame is realized through oxygen vacancies formed on the surface of the solid metal oxide material.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719837A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-30 东南大学 Micro-scale flame burner for micro-nano material preparation

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110094226A1 (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-04-28 Mchugh Lawrence F Process and apparatus for high energy efficiency chemical looping combustion
US20150241056A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-27 University Of Connecticut Reactor for Chemical-Looping Combustion
WO2017111614A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-29 Institutt For Energiteknikk Sustainable oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion with oxygen uncoupling and methods for their manufacture
CN109253448A (en) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-22 清华大学 circulating fluidized bed combustion method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110094226A1 (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-04-28 Mchugh Lawrence F Process and apparatus for high energy efficiency chemical looping combustion
US20150241056A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-27 University Of Connecticut Reactor for Chemical-Looping Combustion
WO2017111614A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-29 Institutt For Energiteknikk Sustainable oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion with oxygen uncoupling and methods for their manufacture
CN109253448A (en) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-22 清华大学 circulating fluidized bed combustion method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719837A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-30 东南大学 Micro-scale flame burner for micro-nano material preparation

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