CN110593828B - Fluid pressure wave code experimental device and method - Google Patents
Fluid pressure wave code experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110593828B CN110593828B CN201910546724.9A CN201910546724A CN110593828B CN 110593828 B CN110593828 B CN 110593828B CN 201910546724 A CN201910546724 A CN 201910546724A CN 110593828 B CN110593828 B CN 110593828B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003672 gas field water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002332 oil field water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention provides a fluid pressure wave code experimental device and a method, comprising a water tank, a manual valve, a plunger pump, a pulse damper, a flowmeter, an A pressure sensor, an electric control valve, a B pressure sensor, a disc pipe column, a C pressure sensor, an electric control rotary stepping valve, a bypass electric control valve and an electric control safety valve; the inlet of the upper end of the water tank is connected with a coil pipe column, and a C pressure sensor and an electric control rotary stepping valve are sequentially arranged between the outlet end of the coil pipe column and the inlet of the upper end of the water tank; the inlet end of the coil pipe column is connected with a plunger pump, and a pulse damper, a flowmeter, an A pressure sensor, an electric control valve and a B pressure sensor are sequentially arranged between the plunger pump and the inlet end of the coil pipe column; the inlet of the plunger pump is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, and a manual valve is arranged on the pipeline; the invention can truly simulate the influence of the pulse shape on the pressure signal transmission and the distortion condition of the signal transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil gas development, relates to an indoor experimental device for intelligent monitoring of water injection well conditions in the oil gas field development process, and particularly relates to an indoor experimental device and method for fluid pressure wave codes for ground and underground information bidirectional transmission of a water injection well.
Background
In the development process of the oil and gas field, along with the increase of oil and gas exploitation time, the pressure of a reservoir (stratum for storing oil and gas) gradually decreases, the driving capability of the oil and gas is weakened, and the yield of an oil and gas well is greatly reduced. In order to ensure that the oil and gas in the reservoir continues to migrate into the production well, high-pressure fluid needs to be continuously supplemented to the reservoir to enhance the formation energy, and water injection to the downhole reservoir through the ground is the most economical and effective technical means for supplementing the reservoir energy of the oil and gas field and improving the recovery ratio (the ratio of the total oil and gas recovery to the recoverable reserve) of the oil and gas field. The oil and gas field water injection is to drill a plurality of water injection wells near the production well, and the injection pressure and flow rate of a plurality of reservoirs are properly controlled in the water injection wells, so that the water injected into the reservoirs by each water injection well can drive the oil gas in the reservoirs to move into the well shaft of the production well, thereby improving the oil gas yield of the production well and finally improving the recovery ratio of the oil and gas field. Because the production wells have a plurality of reservoirs with different depths, the energy reduction of each reservoir in the oil production or gas production process is greatly different, and therefore the energy supplementing quantity of each reservoir is treated differently. The water injection reservoir in the water injection well is called as water injection layer, the water injection flow of each water injection layer is controlled by the water nozzle opening of the underground water distributor in the water injection well to control the water distributor to be provided with a plurality of water nozzles, and each water nozzle corresponds to different water injection layers, as shown in figure 1. The intelligent monitoring of the water injection well condition comprises control of ground water injection flow, monitoring of the opening degree of a water nozzle of an underground water distributor, monitoring of the injection flow of each water injection layer underground, wireless bidirectional transmission of ground and underground information and the like; the wireless bidirectional transmission of the ground and underground information adopts a fluid pressure wave code mode. Wireless bidirectional transmission of ground and downhole information of a well is concerned, yang Lingzhi and the like introduce application of a fluid pressure wave code technology in intelligent separate-layer water injection in the article "Erdos ultra-low permeability reservoir intelligent water injection monitoring technology" (petroleum drilling technology 2017), but do not describe generation and transmission mechanisms of the fluid pressure wave code; kang Xuexi et al in the patent application of a device and a method for regulating and controlling stratified water injection by using flow waves (patent application number: 201710807149.4) describes that the downloading of a ground control command is realized by changing the flow rate of the ground entering a water injection pipe, the uploading of underground information is realized by changing the flow rate of the water injection pipe through the abrupt change of the opening degree of a water injection nozzle of an underground water distributor, and the purpose of bidirectional transmission of the ground and the underground information is achieved. Theoretical research shows that the wireless bidirectional transmission mechanism of the fluid pressure wave code for ground and underground information is that the underground control command is transmitted by suddenly changing the flow rate of the ground entering the water injection pipe to generate pressure change in the underground, the front-back pressure difference of the water nozzle is changed by suddenly changing the opening of the water nozzle of the underground water distributor, and the pressure wave generated by the pressure difference of the water nozzle is transmitted to the wellhead or the ground in the water injection pipe to realize the uploading of the underground information. Although the fluid pressure wave code technology is primarily applied to intelligent monitoring of a water injection well at present, how a pressure wave signal is transmitted in a water injection pipe, how the pressure signal intensity of a receiving end is influenced by signal characteristics and a transmission process, how the water nozzle opening of a water distributor influences the intensity of pressure pulse signals generated by the water nozzle, how the change rate of the water nozzle opening of the water distributor along with time influences the transmission of the fluid pressure wave code signal, how the application of the fluid pressure wave code technology is further improved or perfected, and the like, and necessary indoor experimental verification needs to be carried out on the mechanism of wireless bidirectional transmission of the fluid pressure wave code. Because the propagation speed of the pressure wave in the water is about 1500 m/s, the related indoor experimental device needs to be provided with a rigid high-pressure pipeline with the length of thousands of meters to simulate the water injection pipe, and the prior art method cannot be realized due to the limitation of the indoor area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems that the existing indoor experimental device needs to be provided with a rigid high-pressure pipeline with the length of thousands of meters to simulate a water injection pipe and is limited by the indoor area and the existing method cannot be realized, the invention provides the fluid pressure wave code experimental device and the method, wherein the flow velocity in a disc pipe column is the same as the flow velocity in an actual water injection pipe; the change rate of the valve opening along with time can be changed by adjusting the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor, so that the rising time and the falling time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the valve water nozzle are changed, and the method is used for researching the influence of the pulse shape on the pressure signal transmission and the distortion condition of the signal transmission.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a fluid pressure wave code experimental device comprises a water tank, a manual valve, a plunger pump, a pulse damper, a flowmeter, an A pressure sensor, an electric control valve, a B pressure sensor, a disc pipe column, a C pressure sensor, an electric control rotary stepping valve, a bypass electric control valve and an electric control safety valve; the inlet of the upper end of the water tank is connected with a coil pipe column, and a C pressure sensor and an electric control rotary stepping valve are sequentially arranged between the outlet end of the coil pipe column and the inlet of the upper end of the water tank; the inlet end of the coil pipe column is connected with a plunger pump, and a pulse damper, a flowmeter, an A pressure sensor, an electric control valve and a B pressure sensor are sequentially arranged between the plunger pump and the inlet end of the coil pipe column; the inlet of the plunger pump is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, and a manual valve is arranged on the pipeline; a bypass pipeline is arranged between the pulse damper and the outlet end of the electric control rotary stepping valve, and a bypass electric control valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline; the electric control safety valve and the bypass electric control valve are arranged in parallel.
The coil pipe column adopts 5 layers of coil pipes to be connected in a stacked way to form a 1200-meter long pipeline.
The outlet of the lower end of the water tank is provided with a water drain valve.
The electric control rotary step valve consists of a stator and a rotor rotating relative to the stator, wherein the rotor is driven by a step motor, the rotor is connected with a rotor shaft, and the rotor rotates around the rotor shaft under the driving of the step motor.
The stator and the rotor are circular in plane, the stator and the rotor are concentrically arranged, the stator is fixed, the rotor is arranged at the lower part of the stator, the stator and the rotor are provided with a plurality of holes with the same size, and the overlapping parts of the holes of the stator and the holes of the rotor form a circulating valve hole.
The stator and the rotor are provided with a plurality of orifices with the same size, and the orifices are sector-shaped orifices.
The rotor rotates around the rotor shaft in each step under the drive of the stepping motorIs a function of the angle of (a).
A fluid pressure wave code experimental method comprises the following specific steps:
the water in the water tank enters the pulse damper through the manual valve and the plunger pump, the pulse damper smoothes the pulsating flow output by the plunger pump into stable flow, the flow is measured by the flowmeter, the electric control valve is used for simulating the ground control valve, the opening of the electric control valve is changed to change the flow of an experimental pipeline, the flow rate of the water in the pipeline is consistent with the flow rate of the water in an actual water injection pipe, the pressure difference of the electric control valve is monitored through the pressure sensor A and the pressure sensor B at two ends of the electric control valve, and the water in the pipeline enters the pipe column of the disc; the water discharged from the disc pipe column flows back to the water tank through the electric control rotary stepping valve; the measured values of the pressure sensor A, the pressure sensor B, the pressure sensor C and the flowmeter are sent into a computer for processing through a computer data acquisition and control system, and the opening of the electric control valve and the opening of the electric control rotary stepping valve are controlled through position control output signals of the computer data acquisition and control system;
the method comprises the steps of outputting pulse-shaped position control signals to an electric control valve through a computer data acquisition and control system to change the opening of the valve, detecting measured values of an A pressure sensor, a B pressure sensor and a C pressure sensor at the same time, obtaining differential pressure at two ends of the electric control valve according to the measured values of the A pressure sensor and the B pressure sensor, taking a change value of the differential pressure as an input value of a pressure signal, obtaining differential pressure at two ends of the electric control rotary stepping valve according to the difference between the measured value of the C pressure sensor and the atmospheric pressure, taking the change value of the differential pressure as a transmission value of the pressure signal, and representing a transmission coefficient of a ground pressure signal downloading process by using the ratio of the transmission value of the pressure signal to the input value of the pressure signal;
when uploading of underground information is simulated, a pulse-shaped position control signal is output to an electric control rotary stepping valve through a computer data acquisition and control system to change the opening of the valve, meanwhile, the measured values of an A pressure sensor, a B pressure sensor and a C pressure sensor are detected, the change value of the difference between the measured value of the C pressure sensor and the atmospheric pressure is used as an input value of a pressure signal, the change value of the difference between the measured value of the A pressure sensor and the measured value of the B pressure sensor is used as a transmission value of the pressure signal, the ratio of the transmission value to the input value is used for representing the transmission coefficient of the underground pressure signal uploading process, and the indoor experimental measurement of the two-way transmission of the ground and the underground information is realized; after the measurement is finished, the water in the pool is discharged through the water discharge valve.
The electronic control rotary step valve simulates a water injection valve and a water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the outlet pressure of the electronic control rotary step valve is atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the electronic control rotary step valve is changed, the pressure difference at two ends of the electronic control rotary step valve can be changed, and the pressure difference at two ends of the electronic control rotary step valve is monitored by the C pressure sensor; the pressure sensor A and the pressure sensor B are also used for detecting pressure pulse signals generated by the electric control rotary stepping valve and transmitted to the ground through the coil pipe column, the pressure sensor C is used for detecting underground pressure changes caused by abrupt change of opening of the electric control valve, the bypass electric control valve is used for shunting liquid discharged by the plunger pump, the constant pressure state of a ground pipe network is simulated, and the electric control safety valve is used for protecting outlet pressure of the plunger pump and preventing pressure of a pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention adopts the lamination connection of the small-caliber high-pressure coil pipes to form a rigid pipeline with the length of thousands of meters, which is used for simulating an actual water injection pipeline; the electronic control rotary stepping valve is adopted to simulate the underground water distributor valve, so that the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time can be improved; the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor is adjusted to change the change rate of the valve opening along with time, so that the rising time and the falling time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the valve water nozzle are changed.
Further description will be made below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent monitoring device for water injection well conditions including a downhole water distributor in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the experimental set-up in the fluid pressure wave code chamber.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotor structure of an electronically controlled rotary stepper valve.
In the drawings, reference numerals are: 1. water; 2. a ground electric control valve; 3. a flow meter; 4. a water injection pipe; 5. a wellhead pressure sensor; 6. ground surface; 7. a downhole water distributor; 8. a water nozzle of the water distributor; 9. a battery; 10. a packer; 11. a formation; 12. a pool; 13. a manual valve; 14. a plunger pump; 15. a pulse damper; 16. a flow meter; 17. a pressure sensor; 18. an electric control valve; 19. a pressure sensor; 20. a coiled pipe column; 21. a pressure sensor; 22. an electric control rotary stepping valve; 23. a bypass electric control valve; 24. an electric control safety valve; 25. a water drain valve; 26. an orifice; 27. a rotor shaft.
Detailed Description
Example 1;
in order to overcome the problems that the existing indoor experimental device needs to be provided with a rigid high-pressure pipeline with the length of thousands of meters to simulate a water injection pipe and is limited by the indoor area and cannot be realized by the existing method, the invention provides the fluid pressure wave code experimental device shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flow rate in a disc pipe column is the same as the flow rate in an actual water injection pipe, the change rate of the opening of a water nozzle along with time is improved by adopting a rotary step valve, the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time can be improved by adopting an electric control rotary step valve to simulate a valve of a downhole water distributor; the change rate of the valve opening along with time can be changed by adjusting the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor, so that the rising time and the falling time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the valve water nozzle are changed, and the method is used for researching the influence of the pulse shape on the pressure signal transmission and the distortion condition of the signal transmission.
The fluid pressure wave code experimental device comprises a water tank 12, a manual valve 13, a plunger pump 14, a pulse damper 15, a flowmeter 16, an A pressure sensor 17, an electric control valve 18, a B pressure sensor 19, a coil pipe column 20, a C pressure sensor 21, an electric control rotary stepping valve 22, a bypass electric control valve 23 and an electric control safety valve 24; the inlet at the upper end of the water tank 12 is connected with a coil pipe column 20, and a C pressure sensor 21 and an electric control rotary stepping valve 22 are sequentially arranged between the outlet end of the coil pipe column 20 and the inlet at the upper end of the water tank 12; the inlet end of the coil pipe column 20 is connected with the plunger pump 14, and a pulse damper 15, a flowmeter 16, an A pressure sensor 17, an electric control valve 18 and a B pressure sensor 19 are sequentially arranged between the plunger pump 14 and the inlet end of the coil pipe column 20; the inlet of the plunger pump 14 is connected with the water tank 12 through a pipeline, and a manual valve 13 is arranged on the pipeline; a bypass pipeline is arranged between the pulse damper 15 and the outlet end of the electric control rotary stepping valve 22, and a bypass electric control valve 23 is arranged on the bypass pipeline; the electric control safety valve 24 and the bypass electric control valve 23 are arranged in parallel.
As shown in fig. 2, a pipeline device consisting of a water tank 12, a manual valve 13, a plunger pump 14, a pulse damper 15, a flowmeter 16, an a pressure sensor 17, an electric control valve 18, a B pressure sensor 19 and a bypass electric control valve 23 is used for simulating a ground system of a water injection well; the coiled tubing string 20 is used for simulating transmission of pressure wave signals in the water injection pipe; the pipeline device composed of the pressure sensor 21 and the electric control rotary stepping valve 22 is used for simulating a downhole water distribution system of a water injection well. The fluid pressure wave code indoor experimental device can better simulate the working condition of the water injection process of the water injection well and wirelessly and bidirectionally transmit ground and underground information.
According to the invention, water in a water tank 12 enters a pulse damper 15 through a manual valve 13 and a plunger pump 14, the pulse damper 15 smoothes the pulsating flow output by the plunger pump 14 into stable flow, the flow is measured by a flowmeter 16, an electric control valve 18 is used for simulating a ground control valve, the opening of the electric control valve 18 is changed to change the flow of an experimental pipeline, the flow rate of the water in the pipeline is consistent with the flow rate of the water in an actual water injection pipe, an A pressure sensor 17 and a B pressure sensor 19 at two ends of the electric control valve 18 are used for monitoring the pressure difference of the electric control valve 18, and the water in the pipeline enters a coiled pipe column 20; the water discharged from the disc pipe column 20 flows back to the water tank 12 through the electric control rotary step valve 22, the electric control rotary step valve 22 is used for simulating a water injection valve and a water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the outlet pressure of the electric control rotary step valve 22 is atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the electric control rotary step valve 22 is changed, the pressure difference at two ends of the electric control rotary step valve 22 can be changed, and the pressure difference at two ends of the electric control rotary step valve 22 is monitored through the C pressure sensor 21. The pressure sensor 17 and the pressure sensor 19 are also used for detecting pressure pulse signals generated by the electric control rotary stepping valve 22 and transmitted to the ground through the disc pipe column 20, the pressure sensor 21 is used for detecting underground pressure changes caused by abrupt change of the opening degree of the electric control valve 18, the bypass electric control valve 23 is used for shunting liquid pumped by the plunger pump, a constant pressure state of a ground pipe network is simulated, and the electric control safety valve 24 is used for protecting outlet pressure of the plunger pump and preventing pressure of a pipeline from being suppressed. The measured values of the pressure sensor A17, the pressure sensor B19, the pressure sensor C21 and the flowmeter 16 are sent into a computer for processing through a computer data acquisition and control system, and the opening of the electric control valve 18 and the electric control rotary stepping valve 22 are controlled through position control output signals of the computer data acquisition and control system.
The invention adopts the electric control rotary stepping valve 22 to improve the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time; the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time influences the rising time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the water nozzle, the larger the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time is, the shorter the rising time of the pressure pulse signal is, the better the quality of the pulse signal is, and the detection and the processing of the signal are facilitated; meanwhile, the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time is large, the more pulses are generated in unit time, the transmission rate of underground data is improved, an electric control rotary stepping valve is adopted on the underground water distributor, and the valve opening is controlled by driving the rotor to rapidly rotate in a stepping manner relative to the stator through the stepping motor, so that the change rate of the valve opening along with time is greatly improved; the change rate of the valve opening along with time can be changed by adjusting the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor, so that the rising time and the falling time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the valve water nozzle are changed, and the method is used for researching the influence of the pulse shape on the pressure signal transmission and the distortion condition of the signal transmission.
Example 2:
based on the embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the coil column 20 is formed by stacking and connecting 5 layers of coils to form a 1200 meter long pipeline.
Because the pressure difference generated by the fluid at the valve or the water nozzle is related to the flow velocity, in order to ensure that the experimental data of the experimental device can truly reflect the pressure difference generated by the ground control valve of the water injection pipe and the water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the flow velocity of a rigid pipeline of the experimental device is the same as that in the actual water injection pipe, the rigid pipeline of the experimental device, namely the coil column 20, adopts a small-caliber stainless steel high-pressure coil pipe with the inner diameter of 16mm and the outer diameter of 20mm, the inner wall of the coil pipe is smooth so as to reduce the along-line pressure loss, the pipeline length under the conditions that the outer diameter of the coil pipe is 2.5 m and the inner diameter of the coil pipe is 0.5 m is about 240 m, 5 annular pipelines with the outer diameter of 2.5 m are connected and vertically laminated, the total pipeline length of 1200 m is reached, and because the pressure wave is a longitudinal wave similar to sound wave, when the pressure wave enters the coil pipe full of water, the incident angle at the interface of the water and the inner wall of the coil pipe is
（1）
Wherein,is the radius of curvature of the coil; />Is the outer diameter of the coil pipe; when the pressure wave propagates in the coil, the first critical angle when the longitudinal wave total reflection is generated at the interface of the water and the inner wall of the coil is +.>The second critical angle is when no transverse wave exists in the inner wall of the coil pipeDue to the outside diameter of the coil>At the inner diameter of the disc, the minimum radius of curvature of the coil is +.>Pressure wave incident angle->The pressure wave in the coil pipe generates sound wave total reflection when the pressure wave is incident on the inner wall of the coil pipe, no additional sound wave energy loss is generated by the pressure wave signal, namely, the influence of the coil pipe on the pressure wave signal transmission is the same as that of a straight pipe, the static total pressure loss generated by water in the coil pipe and at the joint is smaller than 20KPa due to lower flow velocity in the pipe, and the static total pressure loss is far smaller than the pressure loss generated by various valves on the pipe, so that the influence on the pressure of the whole pipeline is small, and the coil pipe column 20 is used for replacing the straight pipe to form a long-distance experimental pipeline.
The invention adopts the lamination connection of the small-caliber high-pressure coil pipes to simulate the water injection pipe with the length of thousands of meters, connects and vertically laminates 5 annular pipelines, has no longitudinal wave or transverse wave in the inner wall of the coil pipe, generates sound wave total reflection when the pressure wave in the coil pipe is incident on the inner wall of the coil pipe, does not generate extra sound wave energy loss, and adopts the lamination connection of the small-caliber high-pressure coil pipes to form the rigid pipeline with the length of thousands of meters for simulating the actual water injection pipeline; the electronic control rotary stepping valve 22 is adopted to simulate the valve of the downhole water distributor, so that the change rate of the opening of the water nozzle along with time can be improved; the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor is adjusted to change the change rate of the valve opening along with time, so that the rising time and the falling time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the valve water nozzle are changed.
The outlet of the lower end of the water tank 12 is provided with a water drain valve 25.
The electrically controlled rotary step valve 22 consists of a stator and a rotor rotating relative to the stator, wherein the rotor is driven by a step motor, the rotor is connected with a rotor shaft 27, and the rotor rotates around the rotor shaft 27 under the drive of the step motor.
The stator and the rotor are circular in plane, the stator and the rotor are concentrically arranged, the stator is fixed, the rotor is arranged at the lower part of the stator, a plurality of orifices 26 with the same size are arranged on the stator and the rotor, and the overlapping parts of the stator orifices and the rotor orifices form a circulating valve hole.
The stator and rotor have an identical number of identical sized openings 26, the openings 26 being fan-shaped openings.
The rotor rotates around the rotor shaft 27 in each step under the drive of a stepping motorIs a function of the angle of (a).
The electronically controlled rotary stepping valve 22 is composed of a stator and a rotor rotating relative to the stator, the rotor is driven by a stepping motor, the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor is adjusted by a computer data acquisition and control system, the change rate of the valve opening along with time can be changed, the rising and falling time of a pressure pulse signal generated by a valve water nozzle is changed, and the influence of the pulse shape on the pressure signal transmission and the distortion condition of the signal transmission can be reflected according to the pressure signal transmission value and the signal waveform obtained by the pressure sensor 17 and the pressure sensor 19.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotor structure of an electronically controlled rotary stepping valve according to the present invention. The stator and the rotor plane are circular, the stator and the rotor plane are concentrically arranged, the stator is fixed, the rotor is arranged at the lower part of the stator, a plurality of fan-shaped orifices 26 with the same size are arranged on the stator and the rotor, the overlapping parts of the stator orifices and the rotor orifices form a circulating valve hole, the circulating section of the valve hole is the largest when the stator orifices and the rotor orifices are completely overlapped, and the valve hole reaches the maximum opening. Starting from the position where the stator and rotor apertures are fully coincident, the rotor is rotated about the rotor shaft 27 by the stepper motor every stepThe stator orifice and the rotor orifice are misplaced, the opening of the valve hole is reduced, and the angle rotated by the stepping motor in unit time represents the opening of the valveThe change rate of the degree with time is smaller, and the rotor can obtain higher stepping rotating speed to quickly change the opening degree of the valve due to smaller rotational inertia of the rotor.
A fluid pressure wave code experimental method comprises the following specific steps:
the water in the water tank 12 enters the pulse damper 15 through the manual valve 13 and the plunger pump 14, the pulse damper 15 smoothes the pulsating flow output by the plunger pump 14 into stable flow, the flow is measured by the flowmeter 16, the electric control valve 18 is used for simulating a ground control valve, the opening of the electric control valve 18 is changed to change the flow of an experimental pipeline, the flow rate of the water in the pipeline is consistent with the flow rate of the water in an actual water injection pipe, the pressure difference of the electric control valve 18 is monitored through the pressure sensor A17 and the pressure sensor B19 at two ends of the electric control valve 18, and the water in the pipeline enters the disc pipe column 20; the water discharged from the disc string 20 flows back to the water tank 12 through the electrically controlled rotary step valve 22; the measured values of the pressure sensor 17, the pressure sensor 19, the pressure sensor 21 and the flowmeter 16 are sent into a computer for processing through a computer data acquisition and control system, and the opening of the electric control valve 18 and the electric control rotary stepping valve 22 are controlled through a position control output signal of the computer data acquisition and control system;
the computer data acquisition and control system outputs pulse-shaped position control signals to the electric control valve 18 to change the opening degree of the valve, meanwhile, the measured values of the pressure sensor A17, the pressure sensor B19 and the pressure sensor C21 are detected, the pressure difference between the two ends of the electric control valve 18 is obtained according to the measured values of the pressure sensor A17 and the pressure sensor B19, the change value of the pressure difference is used as the input value of the pressure signal, the pressure difference between the measured value of the pressure sensor C21 and the atmospheric pressure is obtained according to the difference between the measured value of the pressure sensor C21 and the atmospheric pressure, the change value of the pressure difference is used as the transmission value of the pressure signal, and the ratio of the transmission value of the pressure signal and the input value of the pressure signal is used for representing the transmission coefficient of the ground pressure signal downloading process;
when uploading of underground information is simulated, a computer data acquisition and control system outputs a pulse-shaped position control signal to an electric control rotary stepping valve 22 to change the opening of the valve, meanwhile, the measured values of an A pressure sensor 17, a B pressure sensor 19 and a C pressure sensor 21 are detected, the change value of the difference between the measured value of the C pressure sensor 21 and the atmospheric pressure is used as an input value of a pressure signal, the change value of the difference between the measured values of the A pressure sensor 17 and the B pressure sensor 19 is used as a transmission value of the pressure signal, and the ratio of the transmission value to the input value is used for representing the transmission coefficient of the underground pressure signal uploading process, so that indoor experimental measurement of the two-way transmission of ground and underground information is realized; after the measurement is completed, the water in the basin 12 is discharged through the drain valve 25.
The electric control rotary step valve 22 simulates a water injection valve and a water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the outlet pressure of the electric control rotary step valve 22 is atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the electric control rotary step valve 22 is changed, the pressure difference at two ends of the electric control rotary step valve 22 can be changed, and the pressure difference at two ends of the electric control rotary step valve 22 is monitored by the C pressure sensor 21; the pressure sensor 17 and the pressure sensor 19 are also used for detecting pressure pulse signals generated by the electric control rotary stepping valve and transmitted to the ground through a coil pipe column, the pressure sensor C21 is used for detecting underground pressure changes caused by abrupt change of the opening degree of the electric control valve 18, the bypass electric control valve 23 is used for shunting liquid pumped by the plunger pump 14, simulating the constant pressure state of a ground pipe network, and the electric control safety valve 24 is used for protecting the outlet pressure of the plunger pump 14 and preventing the pressure of a pipeline from being blocked.
FIG. 1 shows a conventional intelligent monitoring device for water injection well conditions including a downhole water distributor. Under the regulation and control of the outlet pressure of a ground pump station, the water pressure of a ground pipe network is basically in a constant pressure state, water 1 from a ground 6 pipe network enters a water injection pipe 4 through a ground electric control valve 2 and a flowmeter 3 to flow into an underground water distributor 7, a valve controller in the underground water distributor controls the valve opening of the water distributor, and water in the water injection pipe is injected into a stratum 11 through a water nozzle 8 connected with the valve of the water distributor. In order to realize the flow control of each water injection layer in the separate layer water injection, the water injection layers are isolated by a packer 10 at the lower part of the water injection pipe, the flow of each water injection layer is controlled by the opening degree of a water distributor valve, the control command of the water distributor valve controller is from information transmitted from the ground, and the underground water distributor is powered by a battery 9. The control information sent by the underground water distributor is a water distributor valve opening command of each water injection layer in the pit, in order to realize the downloading of the ground control command, firstly, the opening of the ground electric control valve 2 is suddenly increased through the control command, the flow of the water injection pipe is suddenly increased, a pulse-shaped pressure signal is generated on the water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the ground control command is transmitted to the pit, and the underground water distributor analyzes the command and is used for controlling the opening of each layered valve to complete the flow control of each water injection layer. The information transmitted by the underground water distributor to the ground comprises water injection layer numbers, flow rate of each water injection layer, temperature, pressure and the like; in order to upload the downhole information, the valve controller in the downhole water distributor 7 can quickly change the opening of the water distribution valve of the uppermost water injection layer according to a specific control rule, a series of pulse-shaped pressure signals representing the corresponding downhole information are generated on the water distributor water nozzle 8, and the signals are transmitted to the wellhead pressure sensor 5 through the water injection pipe in the form of pressure waves, and the downhole information is obtained through signal processing and decoding. However, the device shown in fig. 1 is not suitable for indoor operation, and the indoor space is limited, so that the fluid pressure wave code indoor experimental device shown in fig. 2 is used for indoor experiment.
The invention adopts the lamination connection of the small-caliber high-pressure coil pipe to simulate the water injection pipe with the length of kilometers, when the pressure wave signal propagates in the coil pipe, the pressure wave incident angle is far greater than the first critical angle when the interface between water and the inner wall of the coil pipe generates longitudinal wave total reflection and the second critical angle when no transverse wave exists in the inner wall of the coil pipe, so that the inner wall of the coil pipe has no longitudinal wave or transverse wave, the pressure wave in the coil pipe generates sound wave total reflection when the pressure wave enters the inner wall of the coil pipe, and no additional sound wave energy loss is generated by the pressure wave signal, namely, the influence of the coil pipe on the pressure wave signal transmission is the same as that of a straight pipe.
The flow rate in the coil pipe is the same as the flow rate in the actual water injection pipe, the pressure difference generated by the fluid in the valve or the water nozzle is related to the flow rate, and in order to enable experimental data to truly reflect the pressure difference generated by the ground control valve of the water injection pipe and the water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the flow rate in the coil pipe of the experimental device is the same as the flow rate in the actual water injection pipe.
The invention adopts the rotary step valve 22 to increase the change rate of the water nozzle opening along with time, and adopts the electric control rotary step valve 22 to simulate the underground water distributor valve, thereby being capable of increasing the change rate of the water nozzle opening along with time; the change rate of the valve opening along with time can be changed by adjusting the pulse driving voltage frequency of the stepping motor, so that the rising time and the falling time of the pressure pulse signal generated by the valve water nozzle are changed, and the method is used for researching the influence of the pulse shape on the pressure signal transmission and the distortion condition of the signal transmission.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Structural components and system methods thereof not described in detail in the present invention are all prior art, and will not be described in detail.
Claims (8)
1. A fluid pressure wave code experimental method is characterized in that: the fluid pressure wave code experimental device is adopted and comprises a water tank (12), a manual valve (13), a plunger pump (14), a pulse damper (15), a flowmeter (16), an A pressure sensor (17), an electric control valve (18), a B pressure sensor (19), a coil pipe column (20), a C pressure sensor (21), an electric control rotary stepping valve (22), a bypass electric control valve (23) and an electric control safety valve (24); an inlet at the upper end of the water tank (12) is connected with a coil pipe column (20), and a C pressure sensor (21) and an electric control rotary stepping valve (22) are sequentially arranged between an outlet end of the coil pipe column (20) and the inlet at the upper end of the water tank (12); the inlet end of the coil pipe column (20) is connected with the plunger pump (14), and a pulse damper (15), a flowmeter (16), an A pressure sensor (17), an electric control valve (18) and a B pressure sensor (19) are sequentially arranged between the plunger pump (14) and the inlet end of the coil pipe column (20); the inlet of the plunger pump (14) is connected with the water tank (12) through a pipeline, and a manual valve (13) is arranged on the pipeline; a bypass pipeline is arranged between the pulse damper (15) and the outlet end of the electric control rotary stepping valve (22), and a bypass electric control valve (23) is arranged on the bypass pipeline; the electric control safety valve (24) and the bypass electric control valve (23) are arranged in parallel;
the fluid pressure wave code experimental method comprises the following specific steps:
the water in the water tank (12) enters the pulse damper (15) through the manual valve (13) and the plunger pump (14), the pulse damper (15) smoothens the pulsating flow output by the plunger pump (14) into stable flow, the flow is measured by the flowmeter (16), the electric control valve (18) is used for simulating a ground control valve, the opening of the electric control valve (18) is changed to change the flow of an experimental pipeline, the flow rate of the water in the pipeline is consistent with the flow rate in an actual water injection pipe, the pressure difference of the electric control valve (18) is monitored through the pressure sensor A (17) and the pressure sensor B (19) at two ends of the electric control valve (18), and the water in the pipeline enters the disc pipe column (20); the water discharged from the disc pipe column (20) flows back to the water tank (12) through an electric control rotary stepping valve (22); the measured values of the pressure sensor A (17), the pressure sensor B (19), the pressure sensor C (21) and the flowmeter (16) are sent into a computer for processing through a computer data acquisition and control system, and the opening of the electric control valve (18) and the opening of the electric control rotary stepping valve (22) are controlled through a position control output signal of the computer data acquisition and control system;
the method comprises the steps of outputting pulse-shaped position control signals to an electric control valve (18) through a computer data acquisition and control system to change the opening of the valve, detecting measured values of an A pressure sensor (17), a B pressure sensor (19) and a C pressure sensor (21), obtaining differential pressure at two ends of the electric control valve (18) according to the measured values of the A pressure sensor (17) and the B pressure sensor (19), obtaining differential pressure at two ends of an electric control rotary stepping valve (22) according to the difference between the measured value of the C pressure sensor (21) and the atmospheric pressure, obtaining the differential pressure at the two ends of the electric control rotary stepping valve according to the difference between the measured value of the C pressure sensor (21) and the atmospheric pressure, and using the change value of the differential pressure as a transmission value of the pressure signal, wherein the transmission coefficient in the ground pressure signal downloading process is represented by the ratio of the transmission value of the pressure signal;
when uploading of underground information is simulated, a pulse-shaped position control signal is output to an electric control rotary stepping valve (22) through a computer data acquisition and control system to change the opening of the valve, meanwhile, the measured values of an A pressure sensor (17), a B pressure sensor (19) and a C pressure sensor (21) are detected, the change value of the difference between the measured value of the C pressure sensor (21) and the atmospheric pressure is taken as an input value of a pressure signal, the change value of the difference between the measured values of the A pressure sensor (17) and the B pressure sensor (19) is taken as a transmission value of the pressure signal, the ratio of the transmission value to the input value is used for representing the transmission coefficient of the underground pressure signal uploading process, and indoor experimental measurement of the ground and underground information bidirectional transmission is realized; after the measurement is finished, the water in the water tank (12) is discharged through a water discharge valve (25).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the coil pipe column (20) adopts 5 layers of coil pipes to be connected in a stacked mode to form a 1200-meter long pipeline.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the outlet at the lower end of the water tank (12) is provided with a water drain valve (25).
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the electric control rotary stepping valve (22) consists of a stator and a rotor rotating relative to the stator, wherein the rotor is driven by a stepping motor, the rotor is connected with a rotor shaft (27), and the rotor rotates around the rotor shaft (27) under the driving of the stepping motor.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the stator and the rotor plane are circular, the stator and the rotor plane are concentrically arranged, the stator is fixed, the rotor is arranged at the lower part of the stator, a plurality of orifices (26) with the same size are arranged on the stator and the rotor, and the overlapping parts of the stator orifices and the rotor orifices form a circulating valve hole.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the stator and the rotor are provided with a plurality of orifices (26) with the same size, and the orifices (26) are sector-shaped orifices.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein: the rotor rotates around a rotor shaft (27) in each step under the drive of a stepping motorIs a function of the angle of (a).
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the electric control rotary step valve (22) simulates a water injection valve and a water nozzle of the underground water distributor, the outlet pressure of the electric control rotary step valve (22) is atmospheric pressure, the opening degree of the electric control rotary step valve (22) is changed, the pressure difference at two ends of the electric control rotary step valve can be changed, and the pressure difference at two ends of the electric control rotary step valve (22) is monitored by the C pressure sensor (21); the pressure sensor A (17) and the pressure sensor B (19) are also used for detecting pressure pulse signals generated by the electric control rotary stepping valve and transmitted to the ground through a coil pipe column, the pressure sensor C (21) is used for detecting underground pressure changes caused by abrupt change of the opening degree of the electric control valve (18), the bypass electric control valve (23) is used for shunting liquid pumped by the plunger pump (14) and simulating a constant pressure state of a ground pipe network, and the electric control safety valve (24) is used for protecting outlet pressure of the plunger pump (14) and preventing pressure of a pipeline.
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