CN110591784A - Refuse derived fuel block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Refuse derived fuel block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110591784A CN110591784A CN201910897984.0A CN201910897984A CN110591784A CN 110591784 A CN110591784 A CN 110591784A CN 201910897984 A CN201910897984 A CN 201910897984A CN 110591784 A CN110591784 A CN 110591784A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
- C10L11/04—Manufacture of firelighters consisting of combustible material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/403—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on paper and paper waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/406—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on plastic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
- C10L9/12—Oxidation means, e.g. oxygen-generating compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/06—Firelighters or wicks, as additive to a solid fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a refuse derived fuel block and a preparation method thereof, comprising the steps of crushing a base material to ensure that the particle diameter of the base material is less than 5 mm; mixing the coal powder and the potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing the mixture with cotton rope fibers to prepare a fire-leading cotton rope; mixing the coal powder with potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing with sawdust to prepare an ignition agent; mixing the coal powder and potassium nitrate to prepare a mixed combustion improver; mixing loess powder and lime powder, adding aluminium oxide powder, and making into loess powder mixture; and fully mixing the crushed base material with a mixture of a fire-leading cotton rope, a fire-leading agent, a mixed combustion improver and loess powder to obtain the refuse-derived fuel block. The invention has the advantages of stable heat value and rapid combustion, and can better solve the problems of low waste incineration efficiency and overproof pollutant discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel, in particular to a garbage derived fuel block with stable heat value and quick combustion and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Domestic household garbage is complex in components due to poor front end classification, and high-quality plastics inside the household garbage, such as plastic bottles, PE plastic bags, pop cans and the like, are mostly picked up by wasters and remain a few, and other plastic bags are polluted by various kitchen garbage, liquid and the like in large quantity, are poor in quality and diverse in components, and are not suitable for recycling (plastic regeneration granulation). However, if it is used for direct incineration, a large amount of pollution is generated due to the structure of the combustion furnace, the process characteristics and the like; due to the reasons that the water content of the plastic is high, the heat value is unstable, the impurity components are not effectively removed and the like, the combustion temperature, the material components, the oxygen demand and the gas product change in the combustion process are large and difficult to control, and therefore, large pressure is brought to tail gas treatment. Often resulting in excessive emissions from the exhaust treatment (due to the production of certain specific or peculiar components, exceeding the load on the system for exhaust treatment, or exceeding the clean-up range for exhaust treatment).
The block fuel is prepared by roughly crushing waste plastics and then carrying out powerful extrusion forming, and because the volume of the waste plastics is still large, the interior is compact and airtight, and in the combustion process, the combustion speed is relatively slow, heat conduction is carried out from the surface layer combustion of the exterior to the interior, and the combustion is peeled off layer by layer, so that the efficiency is low. The internal tissue begins to heat up and burn only when the external part is burned and melted, the release process of heat is slow, and the furnace temperature is difficult to be increased in a short time.
In addition, the original mixed plastic (the mixed plastic without any processing) has a large volume, is fluffy, contains water and impurities inside, has high water content and has many problems in combustion. The plastic has higher water content, unstable heat value, and the impurity components are not effectively removed, so that the combustion temperature, material components, oxygen demand and gas product change in the combustion process are difficult to control, and larger pressure is brought to tail gas treatment.
As mentioned above, the characteristics of the existing refuse burning materials and the characteristics of the burning equipment determine:
1. the fuel has high heat value, normal natural combustion, insufficient oxygen supply and incomplete combustion, and generates a large amount of intermediate products. The transition oxygen supply causes the energy consumption to increase and the furnace temperature loss to be more;
2. the moisture is too much, should not dry, and the problem that moisture influences the burning promotes, causes energy loss. The tail gas contains large amount of water vapor;
3. the furnace temperature is difficult to control stably, the pure plastic has high heat value, the temperature is high, the equipment is difficult to bear, and the gas components are complex and cannot be controlled;
4. the material conveying, storing and transporting are affected by various shapes, materials and impurities of the mixed plastic, so that a plurality of inconveniences exist;
5. the plastic is easy to shrink and decompose when being heated initially, and gas pollution exists;
6. chlorine-containing plastics are easy to form substances such as dioxin, hydrogen chloride and the like during combustion, are extremely toxic and pollute, and corrode equipment;
7. the fuel block has low compactness and is easy to drop slag and break.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a refuse derived fuel block, which improves the refuse incineration efficiency.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a refuse derived fuel briquette, comprising:
crushing a base material to enable the particle diameter of the base material to be less than 5 mm;
step two, blending additives:
mixing the coal powder and the potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing the mixture with cotton rope fibers to prepare a fire-leading cotton rope;
mixing the coal powder with potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing with sawdust to prepare an ignition agent;
mixing the coal powder and potassium nitrate to prepare a mixed combustion improver;
mixing loess powder and lime powder, adding aluminium oxide powder, and making into loess powder mixture;
and step three, fully mixing the crushed base material with a mixture of the ignition cotton rope, the ignition agent, the mixed combustion improver and the loess powder to obtain the refuse derived fuel block.
The invention also provides a refuse derived fuel block, wherein the refuse derived fuel block is prepared by the preparation method of the refuse derived fuel block.
From the above description, it is clear that the present invention has the following advantages:
1. the fuel has high heat value, and high-speed ignition and combustion can be realized due to the existence of the dual high-low temperature combustion improver;
2. the explosion combustion can be quickly realized (explosion is not in the true sense), so that more small combustion masses are formed, are quickly contacted with oxygen and high temperature in a hearth and quickly combust at the high temperature (meanwhile, the combustion improver per se and potassium nitrate promote the combustion);
3. calcium hydroxide (lime powder) can solidify S, cl elements formed by the combustion process of the base material to form salt substances;
4. alumina (aluminum oxide): the decomposition of calcium sulfate can be inhibited, and high-thermal-stability double salts of calcium sulfate, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide can be formed at the same time, so that the solidification strengthening effect on S is achieved;
5. the pulverized coal can be rapidly ignited due to low ignition point, so that the ignition effect is achieved, and the burning time in the furnace is reduced;
6. the ignition cotton rope can quickly ignite the internal sawdust and other ignition cotton ropes to form a chain reaction due to the mixed oil coal powder and the potassium permanganate particles, the sawdust is equivalent to a secondary fuse, and the base material can be quickly ignited under the catalytic action of the potassium permanganate to form combustion. Further igniting the mixture of pulverized coal and potassium nitrate, thereby igniting the base stock, resulting in rapid combustion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing the refuse derived fuel block of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a refuse derived fuel block, which comprises the following steps:
s101, crushing the base material to enable the particle diameter of the base material to be less than 5 mm;
s102, preparing an additive:
mixing the coal powder and the potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing the mixture with cotton rope fibers to prepare a fire-leading cotton rope;
mixing the coal powder with potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing with sawdust to prepare an ignition agent;
mixing the coal powder and potassium nitrate to prepare a mixed combustion improver;
mixing loess powder and lime powder, adding aluminium oxide powder, and making into loess powder mixture;
s103, fully mixing the crushed base material with a mixture of the ignition cotton rope, the ignition agent, the mixed combustion improver and the loess powder to obtain the refuse derived fuel block.
In the above method for preparing the refuse derived fuel block of the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the base material is a mixture of domestic refuse materials; the content of the base material in the refuse derived fuel block is 5% -70%, and the content of the additive is 35% -30%.
The base material is a mixture of a plurality of materials, the main function is to provide heat energy through combustion, the heat energy is used as an energy substance to directly participate in redox reaction, and the material components are mainly various plastic films, plastic bags, plastic products and articles made of materials in the household garbage; various articles and scraps such as chemical fiber textile fabrics and the like; various papers, rubber, leather and other products and leftover materials.
In the above method for preparing the refuse derived fuel block of the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the refuse derived fuel block comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the ignition cotton rope accounts for 0.25 to 0.4 percent;
the pulverized coal in the ignition agent and the mixed combustion improver accounts for 3-5 percent;
the potassium permanganate in the igniting agent accounts for 0.24 to 0.32 percent;
the potassium nitrate accounts for 0.15-0.2%;
the loess powder accounts for 10% -16%;
the lime powder accounts for 3% -5%;
the sawdust accounts for 3% -5%;
the aluminum oxide accounts for 2% -3%;
the diameter of the ignition cotton rope is between 0.5 and 2 millimeters; the granularity of the potassium nitrate, the loess powder, the lime powder and the coal powder is 50-100 meshes.
The refuse derived fuel block prepared by the proportion can effectively improve the combustion efficiency, avoid various defects of common base materials which are not beneficial to combustion, obtain combustion energy more efficiently and reduce the emission of pollutants.
Based on the above component ratios, in a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the refuse derived fuel block of the present invention, the component ratios in the refuse derived fuel block are as follows:
the ignition cotton rope accounts for 0.3 percent;
the pulverized coal in the ignition agent and the mixed combustion improver accounts for 3-4%;
the potassium permanganate in the igniting agent accounts for 0.25 to 0.3 percent;
the potassium nitrate accounts for 0.18-0.2%;
the loess powder accounts for 12% -15%;
the lime powder accounts for 4% -5%;
the sawdust accounts for 3% -4%;
the aluminum oxide accounts for 2% -2.5%.
In the preparation method of the refuse derived fuel block, the additive mainly has the functions of improving the combustion effect, improving the combustion speed and efficiency and the energy utilization rate, reducing the generation of harmful gases, and solidifying harmful elements to form solid salt substances:
potassium nitrate:
the flame retardant is used as a combustion improver, plays a role in catalyzing and supporting combustion, is heated and decomposed to generate oxygen, and enables various high molecular substances to be rapidly combusted; the decomposition temperature is 670 ℃.
Potassium permanganate:
the potassium nitrate is added according to a specific proportion to play a role of catalysis and combustion supporting, oxygen can be generated by decomposition of the potassium nitrate, the oxygen can rapidly participate in the reaction, and therefore the effect of accelerating combustion is achieved, and the decomposition temperature is 240 ℃.
Loess powder:
the clay powder can also be used as the clay powder, and the main function is the adhesive which has the effect of bonding the base materials together, so that certain block-shaped characters are formed after the moisture is dried, and certain mechanical strength and rigidity are realized.
Saw dust:
the sawdust is mainly used as a fine aggregate filling base material and other additive gaps, plays a role in strengthening the whole structure, and can effectively improve the compactness of materials. And has a certain heat value. The sawdust is porous and can be used as an attachment carrier of combustion improver (potassium nitrate and potassium permanganate) and desulfurizer (calcium hydroxide), so that the sawdust is distributed more uniformly.
Lime powder:
the high-purity calcium hydroxide is mainly used and mainly has the main function of reacting with generated compounds such as sulfur, chlorine and the like in the high-temperature combustion process to generate salt substances such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride and the like, so that the salt substances are solidified in the slag to avoid polluting gas. Because of the existence of a large amount of PVC plastics in the base material, a large amount of chloride is generated in the combustion process, and further dioxin substances are possibly formed with elements such as H, O, C and the like.
Aluminum oxide:
the decomposition of calcium sulfate is inhibited, and a highly thermally stable double salt of calcium sulfate, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide can be formed.
Coal powder:
mainly plays a role in regulating and coloring heat value and igniting.
Igniting cotton ropes:
the high-temperature-resistant and high-temperature-resistant ignition material is mainly used as an ignition wire, a large amount of potassium permanganate and carbon powder particles are attached to and carried in the upper surface of the ignition wire and the fiber rope, and the materials can be rapidly and violently combusted (the potassium permanganate catalyzes carbon powder to violently combust) when receiving high temperature (ignition point temperature), and simultaneously quickly spread towards the inside of a fuel block along an ignition cotton rope, and simultaneously ignite other internal ignition cotton ropes and materials (mainly a mixture of carbon powder, sawdust and potassium nitrate) to play a role in accelerating combustion.
Because the coal is pulverized and made into powder, the powder is fully and uniformly mixed with the potassium nitrate and the potassium permanganate, the pulverized coal can be rapidly combusted in an initial low-temperature state (the refuse-derived fuel block of the invention enters a hearth and has a process of heat absorption and temperature rise, the initial temperature is lower, the potassium permanganate decomposes to provide oxygen, and the pulverized coal starts to combust), the pulverized coal forms high temperature after combustion, the potassium nitrate is rapidly decomposed, thereby the sawdust is ignited, the combustion consumption of the sawdust is further leased to wrap more potassium nitrate on the surface of the sawdust and decompose, oxygen is generated, further, the real base material tissue starts to combust rapidly, the internal potassium nitrate decomposes to generate oxygen, and the combustion does not start after the external base material is combusted and stripped, so the whole combustion process is rapid and efficient, the pulverized coal and the sawdust can be rapidly combusted, thereby under the catalytic effect of potassium permanganate for supporting combustion, can quickly diffuse to the interior of the fuel rod to form internal combustion.
In addition, a large amount of potassium permanganate and coal dust particles are attached to the ignition cotton rope, a good ignition effect (similar to a quick fuse) can be achieved, oxygen released by decomposition of the internal potassium permanganate and heat generated by combustion of the coal dust and sawdust can be formed, quick explosion of fuel can be formed, a plurality of smaller combustion units are formed, and therefore more oxygen and high temperature in a hearth are contacted, and heat is released through quick combustion. The potassium nitrate is decomposed slightly later than potassium permanganate to support combustion, and the quick combustion-supporting effect is achieved mainly after the potassium nitrate is fried.
In the above method for preparing the refuse-derived fuel block, in the preferred embodiment of the method, in the step S102, the coal powder and the potassium permanganate are mixed in the mixing ratio of 3:1 to 5:1, the particle size of the mixture is greater than 100 meshes, and the water content is less than or equal to 10%; then mixing with cotton rope fiber to prepare the ignition cotton rope.
The coal powder and the potassium permanganate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to 5:1, and mixing the components for preparing the ignition cotton rope, wherein the granularity is required to be more than 100 meshes. The water content is not more than 10%; the cotton fibers are thoroughly mixed with these substances, allowing the particles of the mixture to fully embed into the interior of the cotton rope and adhere to the surface of the cotton rope. The ratio of potassium permanganate to coal powder used in the process is different from that of potassium permanganate to coal powder in the additive, and the potassium permanganate and coal powder are only used for preparing a small amount of blended materials of the ignition cotton rope.
In the preferred embodiment of the method for preparing the refuse derived fuel block, the ratio of the pulverized coal in the pyrophoric agent and the mixed combustion improver is 1: 4.
The coal powder is divided into 4: 1 (total coal powder), wherein one part (25 percent of the total mass) is fully mixed with the total potassium permanganate and then fully mixed with the sawdust to be fully attached to the surface or in the gap of the sawdust, so as to obtain the ignition agent. The remaining coal fines (75% of the total mass) were thoroughly mixed with all the potassium nitrate to obtain a mixed combustion improver.
In the above method for preparing the refuse-derived fuel block according to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the moisture content of the mixture of the loess powder and the lime powder is adjusted to be 20% to 25%.
The preparation method of the refuse derived fuel block comprises the step three, wherein in the drying process, the temperature of the refuse derived fuel block is lower than 80 ℃, and the temperature of hot drying air flow is lower than 120 ℃.
During the mixing of the base and the additives, care needs to be taken that:
1) slowly stirring to avoid direct irradiation of sunlight
2) Avoiding working in high-temperature areas (such as boilers and high-temperature places);
3) forbidding all sparks and fire sources;
4) the air is properly humidified, so that dust is prevented from overflowing and scattering and dust explosion;
5) and configuring according to the daily usage amount, configuring in batches, prohibiting too much preparation at one time, and storing.
6) The integral drying temperature of the fuel block does not exceed 80 ℃, and the entering hot air flow does not exceed 120 ℃, so that the kindling substance in the fuel block is prevented from being ignited.
The invention provides a refuse derived fuel block, which is manufactured by adopting the preparation method of the refuse derived fuel block in the preferred embodiment.
The refuse derived fuel block has high fuel calorific value, and can realize high-speed ignition and combustion due to the existence of the double high-low temperature combustion improver; the explosion combustion can be quickly realized (explosion is not in the true sense), so that more small combustion masses are formed, are quickly contacted with oxygen and high temperature in a hearth and quickly combust at the high temperature (meanwhile, the combustion improver per se and potassium nitrate promote the combustion); calcium hydroxide (lime powder) can solidify S, cl elements formed by the combustion process of the base material to form salt substances; alumina (aluminum oxide): the decomposition of calcium sulfate can be inhibited, and high-thermal-stability double salts of calcium sulfate, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide can be formed at the same time, so that the solidification strengthening effect on S is achieved; the pulverized coal can be rapidly ignited due to low ignition point, so that the ignition effect is achieved, and the burning time in the furnace is reduced; the ignition cotton rope can quickly ignite the internal sawdust and other ignition cotton ropes to form a chain reaction due to the mixed oil coal powder and the potassium permanganate particles, the sawdust is equivalent to a secondary fuse, and the base material can be quickly ignited under the catalytic action of the potassium permanganate to form combustion. Further igniting the mixture of pulverized coal and potassium nitrate, thereby igniting the base stock, resulting in rapid combustion.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing a refuse derived fuel briquette, comprising:
crushing a base material to enable the particle diameter of the base material to be less than 5 mm;
step two, blending additives:
mixing the coal powder and the potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing the mixture with cotton rope fibers to prepare a fire-leading cotton rope;
mixing the coal powder with potassium permanganate, and then fully mixing with sawdust to prepare an ignition agent;
mixing the coal powder and potassium nitrate to prepare a mixed combustion improver;
mixing loess powder and lime powder, adding aluminium oxide powder, and making into loess powder mixture;
and step three, fully mixing the crushed base material with a mixture of the ignition cotton rope, the ignition agent, the mixed combustion improver and the loess powder to obtain the refuse derived fuel block.
2. The method of making a refuse derived fuel briquette as set forth in claim 1, wherein the base material is a mixture of household waste materials; the content of the base material in the refuse derived fuel block is 5% -70%, and the content of the additive is 35% -30%.
3. The method of making a refuse derived fuel briquette as set forth in claim 2, wherein the refuse derived fuel briquette comprises the following components in proportions:
the ignition cotton rope accounts for 0.25 to 0.4 percent;
the pulverized coal in the ignition agent and the mixed combustion improver accounts for 3-5 percent;
the potassium permanganate in the igniting agent accounts for 0.24 to 0.32 percent;
the potassium nitrate accounts for 0.15-0.2%;
the loess powder accounts for 10% -16%;
the lime powder accounts for 3% -5%;
the sawdust accounts for 3% -5%;
the aluminum oxide accounts for 2% -3%;
the diameter of the ignition cotton rope is between 0.5 and 2 millimeters; the granularity of the potassium nitrate, the loess powder, the lime powder and the coal powder is 50-100 meshes.
4. The method of making a refuse derived fuel briquette as set forth in claim 3, wherein the refuse derived fuel briquette comprises the following components in proportions:
the ignition cotton rope accounts for 0.3 percent;
the pulverized coal in the ignition agent and the mixed combustion improver accounts for 3-4%;
the potassium permanganate in the igniting agent accounts for 0.25 to 0.3 percent;
the potassium nitrate accounts for 0.18-0.2%;
the loess powder accounts for 12% -15%;
the lime powder accounts for 4% -5%;
the sawdust accounts for 3% -4%;
the aluminum oxide accounts for 2% -2.5%.
5. The preparation method of the refuse derived fuel block according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the second step, the coal powder and the potassium permanganate are mixed in a mixing ratio of 3:1 to 5:1, the granularity of the mixture is more than 100 meshes after the mixture is mixed, and the water content is less than or equal to 10 percent; then mixing with cotton rope fiber to prepare the ignition cotton rope.
6. The method for preparing the refuse-derived fuel block according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the pulverized coal in the pyrophoric agent and the mixed combustion improver is 1: 4.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the moisture content of the mixture of loess powder and lime powder is adjusted to 20-25%.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the third step includes a drying step, wherein the temperature of the refuse derived fuel block is lower than 80 ℃, and the temperature of the hot drying air flow is lower than 120 ℃.
9. A refuse derived fuel briquette, characterized by being produced by the method for producing a refuse derived fuel briquette according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |