CN110591550A - High-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2286—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance moisture-proof coating for a radome/an antenna window and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw material for preparing a coating solution comprises TiO2Precursor of (2) butyl titanate, SiO2The precursor of the composite material comprises tetraethoxysilane, organic silicon oxide layer, diethanol amine, anhydrous copper sulfate powder and nano alumina as an auxiliary agent. TiO in the prepared moisture-proof coating of the radome/antenna window2The coating has good heat resistance, can improve the mechanical strength and adhesive force of the coating and prevent the infiltration of moisture; SiO 22The mechanical property of the coating can be further improved; al (Al)2O3The heat resistance is good, and the ceramic phase can react with other substances at high temperature to generate a ceramic phase with good fluidity to heal microcracks in the coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a material coating, in particular to a high-performance moisture-proof coating for a radome/an antenna window and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of aerospace vehicles, higher demands have been made on the materials of the vehicles. The radar antenna housing/antenna window is a system which is positioned at the head or the side surface of an aircraft and is used for protecting a radar antenna system from external interference and realizing normal signal transmission. When the aircraft enters the atmosphere, the aircraft can generate huge friction with the atmosphere, so that the radome/dayThe wire window must have good mechanical property and high temperature resistance; meanwhile, the radome/antenna window must have good wave-transparent performance so as not to interfere with the transmission of radar signals. Quartz fiber reinforced quartz-based composite material (SiO)2/SiO2) The radome/antenna window is an ideal material for radomes/antenna windows due to good mechanical property and dielectric property. But SiO2/SiO2Is porous and has hydrophilic groups on its surface, and contains a large amount of water vapor, SiO2/SiO2The material can adsorb moisture in the air, and has adverse effect on mechanical property and dielectric property of the radome/antenna window. Thus, SiO is enhanced2/SiO2The moisture resistance of radomes/antenna windows is an important direction in the development of radomes/antenna windows.
The preparation of the high-performance moisture-proof wave-transmitting multifunctional coating on the surface of the radar antenna housing/antenna window is an effective means for solving the problem of moisture absorption, and has the advantages of simple process, obvious effect and the like. The existing wave-transmitting material moisture-proof coating mainly comprises a silicone resin coating and a fluororesin coating, wherein the silicone resin coating has the advantages of excellent hydrophobic and hydrophobic properties, good high-temperature resistance and the like, and becomes an important candidate material in a radar radome/antenna window coating. However, the silicone resin has low strength and SiO2/SiO2The bonding force of the radome/antenna window material is not strong and the radome/antenna window material is easy to peel off.
Therefore, how to further improve the mechanical properties and adhesive properties of silicone resins is the direction of developing silicone resins in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-performance moisture-proof coating for a radome/an antenna window, and butyl titanate is used as TiO during the preparation of the moisture-proof coating2Precursor of SiO, ethyl orthosilicate2The precursor is an organic silicon resin matrix taking organic siloxane as a coating, and the obtained coating has high strength, good bonding property and excellent moisture resistance, and can be used for moisture resistance of a radome/antenna window.
In order to overcome and solve the defects of the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving nano aluminum oxide and anhydrous copper sulfate powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, and slowly dropwise adding diethanolamine and deionized water into the solution to obtain a solution A;
(2) slowly dropwise adding butyl titanate into the solution A, and stirring for 0.5-1 hour at 40-50 ℃ to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly dropwise adding ethyl orthosilicate into the solution B, then slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of organic siloxane and xylene into the obtained solution, and aging at 40-50 ℃ for 24-36 hours to obtain a mixed solution C;
(4) drying the mixed solution C at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ until the solution quality is not changed any more, and obtaining a mixture D;
(5) and coating the mixture D on the surface of the antenna housing/antenna window, and curing the mixture D to obtain the coating.
In the preparation method of the invention, butyl titanate is used as TiO2Precursor of SiO, ethyl orthosilicate2The precursor is organic silicon resin matrix with organic siloxane as coating, added diethanolamine as inhibitor to inhibit the strong hydrolysis of butyl titanate, and added anhydrous copper sulfate powder and nanometer alumina as assistant. Wherein the obtained coating contains TiO2The coating has good heat resistance, can improve the mechanical strength and adhesive force of the coating and prevent the infiltration of moisture; SiO 22The mechanical property of the coating can be further improved; al (Al)2O3The heat resistance is good, and the ceramic phase can react with other substances at high temperature to generate a ceramic phase with good fluidity to heal microcracks in the coating.
Further, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the nano silver oxide to the anhydrous copper sulfate is 100: (2-5): (0.5-2).
Further, the volume ratio of the diethanol amine to the deionized water to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (1-5) to (1-3): 100.
furthermore, the volume ratio of the butyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (5-20): 100.
Further, the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the butyl titanate is (1-2): 1.
further, the volume ratio of the organic siloxane to the ethyl orthosilicate is 100: (10-20); the volume ratio of the organosiloxane to the xylene is 100: (5-20).
Further, the organosiloxane is one of methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltrimethylsilane.
Further, the thickness of the radome/antenna window surface coating is controlled to be 100-.
Further, the mixture D is solidified in a protective gas environment, and the temperature rising procedure is as follows: heating to 80-95 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, then heating to 500-600 ℃ for 1-2 hours and preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
The invention also provides the radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the moisture-proof coating of the radome/antenna window obtained by the invention, TiO2The coating has good heat resistance, can improve the mechanical strength and adhesive force of the coating and prevent the infiltration of moisture; SiO 22The mechanical property of the coating can be further improved; al (Al)2O3The heat resistance is good, and the ceramic phase can react with other substances at high temperature to generate a ceramic phase with good fluidity to heal microcracks in the coating. In the preparation process, butyl titanate is used as TiO2Precursor of SiO, ethyl orthosilicate2The precursor is organic silicon resin matrix with organic siloxane as coating, added diethanol amine as the strong hydrolysis inhibiting agent of butyl titanate, added anhydrous copper sulfate powder and nanometer alumina as the assistant, and organic silicon resin is modified by introducing inorganic stuffing to obtain the coating with high strength, good adhesion and excellent moisture resistance.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional biochemical reagent store unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set, and the data are the mean or the mean ± standard deviation of the three replicates.
Preferably, in the reagents used in the embodiments of the present invention, the purity of diethanolamine is greater than or equal to 99.5%; the purity of the butyl titanate is more than or equal to 99.0 percent; the purity of the ethyl orthosilicate is more than or equal to 99.0 percent;
example 1
The method for preparing the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving nano aluminum oxide and anhydrous copper sulfate powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 0.5 hour, and slowly dropwise adding diethanolamine and deionized water into the solution to obtain a solution A;
(2) slowly dropwise adding butyl titanate into the solution A, and stirring for 0.5 hour at 50 ℃ to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly dropwise adding ethyl orthosilicate into the solution B, then slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of methyltriethoxysilane (the purity is more than or equal to 98%) and xylene into the obtained solution, and aging at 50 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a mixed solution C;
(4) placing the mixed solution C in a muffle furnace, and drying at 60 ℃ until the solution quality is not changed, so as to obtain a mixture D;
(5) coating the mixture D on the surface of the antenna housing/antenna window, controlling the thickness of the coating to be 100 mu m, and curing the mixture D in an argon environment, wherein the temperature rise program in the curing process is as follows: heating to 80 ℃ for 0.5 hour and keeping the temperature for 1 hour; heating to 500 ℃ for 1 hour, preserving the heat for 2 hours, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the coating.
In the preparation method, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the nano silver oxide to the anhydrous copper sulfate is (100): 2: 1; the volume ratio of the diethanol amine to the deionized water to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2: 3: 100, respectively; the volume ratio of the butyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 10; the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the butyl titanate is 1: 1; the volume ratio of organosiloxane to xylene was 10: 1; the volume ratio of the organic siloxane to the ethyl orthosilicate is 10: 1.
example 2
The method for preparing the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving nano aluminum oxide and anhydrous copper sulfate powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 1 hour, and slowly dropwise adding diethanolamine and deionized water into the solution to obtain a solution A;
(2) slowly dropwise adding butyl titanate into the solution A, and stirring for 1 hour at 40 ℃ to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly dropwise adding ethyl orthosilicate into the solution B, then slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of dimethyl diethoxysilane (the purity is more than or equal to 98%) and xylene into the obtained solution, and aging at 40 ℃ for 36 hours to obtain a mixed solution C;
(4) placing the mixed solution C in a muffle furnace, and drying at 65 ℃ until the solution quality is not changed, so as to obtain a mixture D;
(5) coating the mixture D on the surface of an antenna housing/antenna window, controlling the thickness of the coating to be 500 microns, curing the mixture D in a nitrogen environment, and raising the temperature to 95 ℃ in 1 hour and preserving the temperature for 2 hours in the curing process; heating to 600 ℃ for 2 hours, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the coating.
In the preparation method, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the nano silver oxide to the anhydrous copper sulfate is (100): 5: 1; the volume ratio of the diethanol amine to the deionized water to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2: 1: 100, respectively; the volume ratio of the butyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 5; the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the butyl titanate is 2: 1; the volume ratio of organosiloxane to xylene was 20: 1; the volume ratio of the organic siloxane to the ethyl orthosilicate is 5: 1.
example 3
The method for preparing the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving nano aluminum oxide and anhydrous copper sulfate powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring for 45 minutes, and slowly dropwise adding diethanolamine and deionized water into the solution to obtain a solution A;
(2) slowly dropwise adding butyl titanate into the solution A, and stirring for 45 minutes at 45 ℃ to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly dropwise adding ethyl orthosilicate into the solution B, then slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of vinyltrimethylsilane (the purity is more than or equal to 97%) and xylene into the obtained solution, and aging at 45 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain a mixed solution C;
(4) placing the mixed solution C in a muffle furnace, and drying at 65 ℃ until the solution quality is not changed, so as to obtain a mixture D;
(5) coating the mixture D on the surface of an antenna housing/antenna window, controlling the thickness of the coating to be 300 mu m, curing the mixture D in an argon environment, and raising the temperature to 90 ℃ in 1 hour and preserving the temperature for 2 hours in the curing process; heating to 600 ℃ for 2 hours, preserving the heat for 3 hours, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the coating.
In the preparation method, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the nano silver oxide to the anhydrous copper sulfate is (100): 3: 2; the volume ratio of the diethanolamine to the deionized water to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 5: 1: 100, respectively; the volume ratio of the butyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 20; the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the butyl titanate is 2: 1; the volume ratio of the organosiloxane to the xylene is 5: 1; the volume ratio of the organic siloxane to the ethyl orthosilicate is 8: 1.
comparative example 1
It differs from example 1 in that no butyl titanate was added in the preparation of the composite.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 2 is that the anhydrous copper sulfate powder and nano alumina are not added in the preparation of the composite material, and the addition amount and the addition sequence of other components are the same as those in example 2.
The moisture-proof coatings of the radomes/antenna windows prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are subjected to performance tests, and the test items include the tensile strength increase rate of the coating relative to the existing unmodified coating, the weight gain rate of the coating after being placed under the conditions of 80 ℃, 90% high temperature and high humidity for 30 days, and the strength retention rate after working at 600 ℃ for 1 hour. The results of measuring the properties of the coating are shown in the following table.
| Tensile Strength improvement (%) | Weight gain (%) | Strength Retention (%) | |
| Example 1 | 37 | 2.5 | 92 |
| Example 2 | 52 | 1.3 | 96 |
| Example 3 | 44 | 1.9 | 93 |
| Comparative example 1 | 31 | 3.4 | 89 |
| Comparative example 2 | 25 | 1.5 | 82 |
As can be seen from the data in the table, the coating prepared by the embodiment of the invention has the characteristics of high strength, good bonding property and excellent moisture resistance. SiO protected by the coating of the invention2/SiO2The radome/antenna window has tensile strength improved by 30% and above when the thickness of the coating is 100-; the weight gain rate of the product is less than or equal to 3 percent after being placed for 30 days under the conditions of 80 ℃ and 90 percent of high temperature and high humidity; the strength retention rate of the alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent when the alloy works for 1 hour in an air environment at 600 ℃.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dissolving nano aluminum oxide and anhydrous copper sulfate powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, and slowly dropwise adding diethanolamine and deionized water into the solution to obtain a solution A;
(2) slowly dropwise adding butyl titanate into the solution A, and stirring for 0.5-1 hour at 40-50 ℃ to obtain a solution B;
(3) slowly dropwise adding ethyl orthosilicate into the solution B, then slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of organic siloxane and xylene into the obtained solution, and aging at 40-50 ℃ for 24-36 hours to obtain a mixed solution C;
(4) drying the mixed solution C at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ until the solution quality is not changed any more, and obtaining a mixture D;
(5) and coating the mixture D on the surface of the antenna housing/antenna window, and curing the mixture D to obtain the coating.
2. The preparation method of the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol, the nano silver oxide and the anhydrous copper sulfate is 100: (2-5): (0.5-2).
3. The method for preparing the moisture-proof coating of the high-performance radome/antenna window of claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the diethanolamine, the deionized water and the absolute ethyl alcohol is (1-5) to (1-3): 100.
4. the preparation method of the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the butyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (5-20): 100.
5. The preparation method of the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the butyl titanate is (1-2): 1.
6. the method for preparing the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the organic siloxane to the tetraethoxysilane is 100: (10-20); the volume ratio of the organosiloxane to the xylene is 100: (5-20).
7. The method for preparing the moisture barrier coating for a radome/antenna window of claim 1, wherein the organosiloxane is one of methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethylsilane.
8. The method for preparing the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the radome/antenna window surface coating is controlled to be 100-500 μm.
9. The method for preparing the high-performance radome/antenna window moisture-proof coating according to claim 1, wherein the mixture D is cured in a protective gas environment, and the temperature rise procedure is as follows: heating to 80-95 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, then heating to 500-600 ℃ for 1-2 hours and preserving heat for 2-4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
10. A radome/antenna window moisture barrier coating prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN111564698A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-21 | 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 | Forming method of high-barrier moisture-proof film for special-shaped ceramic radome |
| CN114525034A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-24 | 中北大学 | Composite material and low-temperature autoclave molding method for radome |
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| CN111564698A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-21 | 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 | Forming method of high-barrier moisture-proof film for special-shaped ceramic radome |
| CN114525034A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-24 | 中北大学 | Composite material and low-temperature autoclave molding method for radome |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |
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