CN110591022B - Preparation method of novel lignin-based metal ion capturing agent - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel lignin-based metal ion capturing agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of environment-friendly functional materials. The invention takes mulberry twig lignin extract as a raw material with a chelating function chain group, intercalates montmorillonite through polymerization reaction, and synchronously copolymerizes with an initiator and a crosslinking agent under certain reaction conditions to generate the lignin-based metal ion scavenger. Realizes the treatment of metal ions in waste (sewage). The mulberry twig lignin extract adopted by the invention has rich raw material sources, is low in cost and easy to obtain, can popularize other biomass wastes, and the synthesized lignin-based metal ion scavenger simultaneously realizes the resource utilization of waste biomass resources and the treatment of metal ion waste (sewage) pollution, and has multiple benefits of resource utilization, environmental treatment and economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of environment-friendly functional materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger.
Background
The metal ion scavenger is a chemical preparation which is strongly chelated with metal ions and can be used for Cu in waste (sewage) 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Hg 2+ 、Pb 2+ 、Mn 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Zn 2+ 、Cr 3+ The plasma metal ions react at normal temperature and a wider pH value range to quickly generate flocculent precipitate which is insoluble in water, low in water content and easy to filter, thereby achieving the purpose of removing the metal ions in waste (sewage). At present, two main methods for synthesizing metal ion capturing agents are available: one is synthesized by the methods of addition polymerization, polycondensation, gradual polymerization or ring-opening polymerization of chelate group-containing monomers; the other is synthesized by introducing a chain group having a chelating function by a chemical reaction using a polymer. The metal ion capturing agents sold in the market at present belong to the first categoryBecause of adopting a large amount of chemical reagents for synthesis, the problems of poor biodegradability, secondary environmental pollution and the like exist. Lignin is an aromatic polymer with a complex structure, is rich in active groups such as aromatic groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, alcoholic hydroxyl groups, methoxy groups, carbonyl groups and the like, has more connection modes among structural units and different positions, and has better reaction performance; the metal ion scavenger is introduced into the preparation of a metal ion scavenger as a chemical reagent substitute, and has important significance for improving the adsorption performance of products and realizing the comprehensive utilization of resources.
The method for preparing the existing metal ion trapping agent, such as a heavy metal trapping agent with a publication number of CN109678238A disclosed in 2019, 04, 26, comprises the following steps: and (3) reacting polyethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, organic sulfide, sodium silicate and aluminum sulfate for 2-3 hours at a set proportion to obtain a reagent A, adding polyaluminium chloride and ammonium chloride at a set proportion to react for 1-2 hours to obtain a reagent B, and finally synthesizing the reagent A, B to obtain the metal ion capturing agent. Through experiments, the metal ion trapping agent has the metal ion trapping efficiency of 89-92%. The main disadvantages of this method are: (1) The method adopts various chemical reagents, the preparation process involves six main raw materials such as polyethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, organic sulfide, sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminium chloride, ammonium chloride and the like and auxiliary materials such as acid and alkali, the preparation cost of the metal ion capturing agent is increased, and the use of the acid and alkali is easy to corrode production equipment, causes secondary environmental pollution and increases the cost for treating the synthetic wastewater; (2) The method synthesizes A, B reagent by adopting a step method, and then synthesizes the metal ion trapping agent by A, B reagent, so that the synthesis steps of addition polymerization, polycondensation or polymerization are more, the control difficulty of the performance of the synthesized product is increased, the equipment for producing the metal trapping agent is increased, and the production cost is increased. (3) The pre-reaction time of the A, B reagent is 1-3 h and 1-2 h respectively, the preparation time is 6-10 h, the production process is required to react at 30-45 ℃, the synthesis time and the synthesis temperature increase the energy consumption in the preparation process, and the cost is further increased. (4) Through experiments, the metal ion capturing efficiency of the metal capturing agent prepared by the method is 89% -92%, and the metal ion pollution is not treated up to the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing preparation method of a metal ion scavenger, and provides a novel preparation method of a lignin-based metal ion scavenger. The method selects lignin extract to replace part of chemical reagents, strengthens chelating functional chain groups for preparing the metal trapping agent, improves the removal performance of the synthetic metal ion trapping agent on metal ions, and reduces the production cost; the synthesis process of synchronous copolymerization simplifies the production operation steps, shortens the preparation time, is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption, has good performance of removing metal ions in waste (sewage) by adsorption, and has no residue.
The mechanism of the invention is as follows: the method synchronously prepares the mulberry twig lignin extract by a hydrothermal alkali method, and the hydrothermal reaction ensures that the ether bond of the mulberry twig lignin is fully broken, which is favorable for the dissolution of active functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl, alcoholic hydroxyl, methoxy, carbonyl and the like, so that the mulberry twig lignin extract is easy to be copolymerized with an initiator to form epoxy free radicals; under the action of the cross-linking agent, the intercalation enters acid modified montmorillonite with a larger adsorption space to form a three-dimensional network structure, which is favorable for chelating metal ions by chelating groups. Compared with the prior art, the method introduces chelating functional chain groups through chemical reactions such as copolymerization or polycondensation and synthesizes a metal ion scavenger; the metal trapping agent synthesized by the method has the advantages that the chelating functional chain group of the metal trapping agent is derived from natural polymer raw material lignin, and the metal trapping agent is used instead of other chemical reagents; secondly, acid modified montmorillonite with a larger adsorption space is introduced, so that the acid modified montmorillonite and lignin extract are intercalated to form a three-dimensional network structure under the action of a cross-linking agent, the adsorption space of the metal ion scavenger is increased, and the metal ion capturing capacity of the metal ion scavenger is improved.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger uses mulberry twig lignin extract, N-methylene bisacrylamide, montmorillonite, ammonium persulfate and acrylic acid as raw materials, and adopts simple processes of synchronously activating and extracting the mulberry twig lignin extract by a hydrothermal alkali method, preparing the metal ion scavenger by copolymerizing lignin extracts, removing metal ions in waste (sewage) water by the metal scavenger and the like to realize the preparation and application of the lignin-based metal scavenger. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Synchronous activation and extraction lignin extracting solution by hydrothermal alkali method
Weighing 0.5-2.5 g of mulberry twig sieved by a sieve with 40-100 meshes, adding 0.75-3.75 mol.L into the liner of the hydrothermal reaction kettle according to the ratio of the mass (g) of the mulberry twig to the volume (ml) of the sodium hydroxide solution of 1:5-25 -1 Carrying out hydrothermal reaction on a sodium hydroxide solution at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ in an oven for 60-180 min, taking out and cooling, carrying out suction filtration by a suction filtration pump to obtain filtrate, and fixing the volume by a 50ml volumetric flask for later use; and after the filter residues are collected in a concentrated way, treating the filter residues.
(2) Preparation of metal ion scavenger by copolymerization of lignin extract
After the step (1) is finished, transferring lignin filtrate collected in the step (1) into a conical flask, sequentially adding 0.025-0.175 g of ammonium persulfate, 1.5-3.5 mL of acrylic acid, 0.05-0.2 g of montmorillonite modified by dilute acid, and 0.933-1.385 g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, uniformly stirring on a magnetic stirrer at 30-90 ℃, reacting for 30-120 min, transferring to a nitrogen blowing instrument, copolymerizing for 60-180 min under a nitrogen atmosphere, adding 3-7 g of polyacrylamide, and polymerizing to obtain the novel lignin-based metal ion capturing agent. The dilute acid is 1-5% hydrochloric acid or 1-5% citric acid.
(3) Removal of metal ions from waste (sewage) water by metal capturing agent
After the step (2) is completed, firstly adding the lignin-based metal ion scavenger into an conical flask filled with heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water according to the ratio of the lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml) to the water volume (ml) of the heavy metal ion waste (sewage) of 1:20-40, then placing the conical flask on a magnetic stirrer, stirring for 10-30 min at the rotating speed of 80-160 rad/min, centrifuging, taking supernatant, and detecting the mass concentration of the residual metal ions in the supernatant. Mn with initial mass concentration of 450-550 mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 82.51-95.03%, and the initial mass concentration is 450-550 mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate is 68.15-78.12%, and the initial mass concentration of Cr is 450-550 mg/L 3+ The removal rate of the catalyst is 68.18-78.00%. The heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water is Mn-containing with the mass concentration of 450-550 mg/L 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ Waste (sewage).
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following main effects:
(1) The invention takes the mulberry twig lignin extract subjected to the hydrothermal synergistic alkali activation as a natural polymer raw material, and the lignin molecule is mainly connected with the cleavage of beta-O-4' ether bond under the high pressure (temperature) effect of the hydrothermal reaction, thereby being beneficial to the dissolution of active functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl, alcoholic hydroxyl, methoxy, carbonyl and the like, providing a chelating functional chain group and being beneficial to the improvement of the adsorption performance of the prepared metal ion capturing agent on metal ions.
(2) The acid-modified montmorillonite adopted by the invention promotes cations among montmorillonite layers to be converted into acid-soluble salts, thereby weakening the binding force among original montmorillonite layers, facilitating the cleavage of crystal lattices among montmorillonite layers, enlarging the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite layers, obviously improving the space and adsorption capacity of modified montmorillonite, facilitating the generation of a three-dimensional network structure with lignin extract under the action of a cross-linking agent, and facilitating the chelation, flocculation and separation of metal ions in a water body by a synthetic metal capturing agent, thereby achieving the purpose of removal.
(3) The novel lignin-based metal ion trapping agent synthesized by the invention has the advantages of both plant tissue functional groups and the adsorption space structure of acid modified montmorillonite, and has high-efficiency metal ion trapping energy efficiency.
(4) The mulberry twig lignin extract adopted by the invention has rich raw material sources, is low in cost and easy to obtain, can popularize other biomass wastes, and the synthesized lignin-based metal ion scavenger simultaneously realizes the resource utilization of waste biomass resources and the pollution control of metal ion waste (sewage), thereby having multiple benefits of resource utilization, environmental control and economic value.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with the following detailed description.
Example 1
(1) Synchronous activation and extraction lignin extracting solution by hydrothermal alkali method
Weighing 2g of mulberry twig sieved by a sieve with 60 meshes in the liner of a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and according to the mass (g) of the mulberry twig: the sodium hydroxide solution is added in a ratio of 1:10 by volume (ml) of 1.25 mol.L -1 And (3) carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the sodium hydroxide solution at the temperature of 130 ℃ in an oven for 100min, taking out and cooling, carrying out suction filtration by using a suction filtration pump, respectively collecting filtrate and filter residues, and fixing the volume of the filtrate into a 50ml volumetric flask for later use. And after the filter residues are collected in a concentrated way, treating the filter residues.
(2) Preparation of metal ion scavenger by copolymerization of lignin extract
After the step (1) is finished, transferring lignin filtrate collected in the step (1) into a conical flask, sequentially adding 0.055g of ammonium persulfate and 1.75ml of acrylic acid, modifying montmorillonite with dilute acid to obtain 0.075g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, uniformly stirring on a magnetic stirrer at 40 ℃ for 70min, transferring to a nitrogen blowing instrument, copolymerizing for 120min under a nitrogen atmosphere, adding 5g of polyacrylamide, and polymerizing to obtain the novel lignin-based metal ion capturing agent. The mass concentration of the dilute acid is 3% of hydrochloric acid or citric acid.
(3) Removal of metal ions from waste (sewage) water by metal capturing agent
After the step (2) is completed, firstly adding the lignin-based metal ion scavenger into a conical flask filled with heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water according to the water volume degree (ml) of the lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml) of 1:40, then placing the conical flask on a magnetic stirrer, setting the rotating speed to be 80rad/min, stirring for 30min, centrifuging, taking supernatant, and detecting the mass concentration of the residual metal ions in the supernatant. Mn at initial mass concentration of 480mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 89.46 percent, and the initial mass concentration is 480mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate is 73.03 percent, and the initial mass concentration of Cr is 480mg/L 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 73.14%. The heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water is Mn-containing with the mass concentration of 480mg/L 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ Waste (sewage).
Example 2
A method for preparing a novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger, the same as in example 1, wherein:
in the step (1), the number of mulberry branches is 80 meshes, and the mass (g) of the mulberry branches is as follows: the volume (ml) ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:15, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2.25 mol.L -1 The oven temperature was 150℃and the reaction time was 130min.
In the step (2), the mass of ammonium persulfate is 0.1g, the volume of acrylic acid is 2.0ml, the mass of acid modified montmorillonite is 0.125g, the mass of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 1.115g, the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the reaction time is 90min, and the nitrogen filling time is 140min.
In the step (3), the lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml) and the waste (sewage) water volume (ml) of heavy metal ions are 1:25, the rotating speed on a magnetic stirrer is 120rad/min, and the stirring time is 20min. Mn at initial mass concentration of 535mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 95.03 percent, and the initial mass concentration is 535mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate was 78.12%, and the initial mass concentration was 535mg/L of Cr 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 78%.
Example 3
A method for preparing a novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger, the same as in example 1, wherein:
in the step (1), the number of mulberry branches is 100 meshes, and the mass (g) of the mulberry branches is as follows: the volume (ml) ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:20, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.75 mol.L -1 The oven temperature was 160℃and the reaction time was 150min.
In the step (2), the mass of ammonium persulfate is 0.125g, the volume of acrylic acid is 2.5ml, the mass of acid modified montmorillonite is 0.1g, the mass of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 1.335g, the reaction temperature is 60 ℃, the reaction time is 80min, and the nitrogen charging time is 130min.
In the step (3), the lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml) and the water volume (ml) of the heavy metal ion waste (sewage) are 1:30, and the rotating speed on the magnetic stirrer is 100rad/min, and the stirring is carried outThe interval is 10min. Mn at an initial mass concentration of 545mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 91.06 percent, and the initial mass concentration is 545mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate is 74.88 percent, and the initial mass concentration of the Cr is 545mg/L 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 74.68%.
Experimental results
The method takes mulberry twig lignin extract as a raw material with a chelating function chain group, intercalates montmorillonite through polymerization reaction to prepare the novel lignin-based metal ion capturing agent, and takes heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water with mass concentration of 450-550 mg/L and Mn content 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ The waste (sewage) water is used as a probe to discuss the influence of lignin content and acid modified montmorillonite on the adsorption performance of the metal ion capturing agent:
table 1 3% Capture efficiency of Metal ion scavenger prepared from citric acid modified montmorillonite
| Examples | Ni 2+ | Cr 3+ | Mn 2+ |
| 1 | 68.15% | 68.18% | 82.51% |
| 2 | 74.44% | 74.37% | 90.30% |
| 3 | 72.87% | 72.24% | 88.35% |
As shown in Table 1, the performance of the metal ion scavenger prepared by modifying montmorillonite with 3% citric acid was investigated, and under the condition of example 2, the metal ion scavenger was excellent in metal ion scavenger performance, ni 2+ The removal rate of (2) reaches 74.44 percent, cr 3+ The capture efficiency of (a) reaches 74.37 percent, mn 2 + The capturing efficiency was 90.30%.
Table 2 3% hydrochloric acid modified montmorillonite preparation method and metal ion trapping agent trapping efficiency
| Examples | Ni 2+ | Cr 3+ | Mn 2+ |
| 1 | 73.03% | 73.14% | 89.46% |
| 2 | 78.12% | 78.00% | 95.03% |
| 3 | 74.88% | 74.68% | 91.06% |
From the above experiments, it can be seen that: the invention takes mulberry twig lignin extract as a raw material with a chelating function chain group, intercalates montmorillonite through polymerization and/or condensation reaction, and synchronously copolymerizes with an initiator and a crosslinking agent under certain reaction conditions to generate the lignin-based metal ion scavenger. Treatment of waste (wastewater) water having an initial mass concentration of 535mg/L of metal ions, mn 2+ The removal rate of (2) was 95.03%; n i having an initial mass concentration of 535mg/L 2+ The removal rate of (2) was 78.12%; cr with initial mass concentration of 535mg/L 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 78%. The method fully utilizes the remarkable adsorption space and capacity of the chelate functional chain groups such as phenolic hydroxyl groups, alcoholic hydroxyl groups, methoxy groups, carbonyl groups and the like in lignin molecules and montmorillonite, and improves the performances of adsorption, capture, precipitation and the like of metal ions in waste (sewage). The method adopts the mulberry twig lignin extract, reduces the preparation cost of the trapping agent, has high trapping energy efficiency of the prepared metal ions, has no residue of the metal trapping agent in the treated waste (sewage), reduces the environmental secondary pollution in the use process, is beneficial to environmental protection and popularization and use, and realizes economic value and environmental treatment double benefits.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps of
(1) Synchronous activation and extraction lignin extracting solution by hydrothermal alkali method
Weighing 2-2.5 g of mulberry twig sieved by a sieve with 40-100 meshes, adding 0.75-3.75 mol.L into a liner of a hydrothermal reaction kettle according to the ratio of the mass (g) of the mulberry twig to the volume (ml) of the sodium hydroxide solution of 1:5-25 -1 Carrying out hydrothermal reaction on a sodium hydroxide solution at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ in an oven for 60-180 min, taking out and cooling, carrying out suction filtration by a suction filtration pump to obtain filtrate, and fixing the volume by a 50ml volumetric flask for later use; after the filter residues are collected in a concentrated way, treating;
(2) Preparation of metal ion scavenger by copolymerization of lignin extract
Transferring lignin filtrate collected in the step (1) to a conical flask, sequentially adding 0.025-0.175 g of ammonium persulfate, 1.5-3.5 mL of acrylic acid, 0.05-0.2 g of montmorillonite modified by dilute acid and 0.933-1.385 g of N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, uniformly stirring on a magnetic stirrer at 30-90 ℃ for 30-120 min, transferring to a nitrogen blowing instrument, copolymerizing for 60-180 min under nitrogen atmosphere, adding 3-7 ml of polyacrylamide, and polymerizing to obtain the novel lignin-based metal ion capturing agent, wherein dilute acid is 1-5% hydrochloric acid;
(3) Removal of metal ions from waste (sewage) water by metal capturing agent
After the step (2) is completed, firstly, according to lignin-based metal ion capturing agent (ml): the waste (sewage) water volume (ml) of heavy metal ions is 1: 20-40, adding a lignin-based metal ion capturing agent into a conical flask filled with heavy metal ion waste (sewage), placing the conical flask on a magnetic stirrer, stirring for 10-30 min at a rotating speed of 80-160 rad/min, centrifuging to obtain a supernatant, and detecting the mass concentration of the residual metal ions in the supernatant; mn with initial mass concentration of 450-550 mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 82.51-95.03%, and the initial mass concentration is 450-550 mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate is 68.15-78.12%, and the initial mass concentration of Cr is 450-550 mg/L 3+ The removal rate of the catalyst is 68.18-78.00%; the heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water is Mn-containing with the mass concentration of 450-550 mg/L 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ Waste (sewage).
2. The method for preparing the novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following specific operation steps of
In the step (1), the mulberry twig is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve with 2g,1.25 mol.L -1 15ml of sodium hydroxide solution, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 130 ℃, the hydrothermal reaction time is 100min, and the constant volume is 50ml;
in the step (2), the amount of ammonium persulfate is 0.055g, acrylic acid is 1.75ml, montmorillonite after acid modification is 0.075g, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 0.985g, polyacrylamide is 5g, the temperature of a magnetic stirrer is 40 ℃, the reaction time is 70min, the copolymerization time in a nitrogen atmosphere is 120min, and the novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger is obtained through polymerization; the dilute acid is hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 3%;
in step (3), lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml): the waste (sewage) water volume (ml) of heavy metal ions is 1:40, the rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer is 80rad/min, and the stirring time is 30min; mn in waste (sewage) water with heavy metal ion with initial mass concentration of 480mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 89.46 percent, and the initial mass concentration is 480mg/L of Ni in the heavy metal ion waste (sewage) 2+ The removal rate is 73.03 percent, and the initial mass concentration of Cr in 480mg/L heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 73.14%; the heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water is Mn-containing with the mass concentration of 480mg/L 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ Waste (sewage).
3. The method for preparing the novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps of
In the step (1), the mulberry twig is sieved by a sieve of 80 meshes and 2.25 mol.L -1 30ml of sodium hydroxide solution, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 150 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 130min;
in the step (2), the mass of ammonium persulfate is 0.1g, the acrylic acid is 2.0ml, the montmorillonite after acid modification is 0.125g, the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 1.115g, the temperature of a magnetic stirrer is 50 ℃, the reaction time is 90min, and the copolymerization time in a nitrogen atmosphere is 140min;
in step (3), lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml): the waste (sewage) water volume (ml) of heavy metal ions is 1:25, the rotating speed on the magnetic stirrer is 120rad/min, and the stirring time is 20min; mn at initial mass concentration of 535mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 95.03 percent, and the initial mass concentration is 535mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate was 78.12%, and the initial mass concentration was 535mg/L of Cr 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 78%; the heavy metal ion waste (sewage)Mn-containing powder having a mass concentration of 535mg/L 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ Waste (sewage).
4. The method for preparing the novel lignin-based metal ion scavenger according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps of
In the step (1), the mulberry twig is sieved by a sieve of 100 meshes and 1.75 mol.L -1 50ml of sodium hydroxide solution, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 150min;
in the step (2), the mass of ammonium persulfate is 0.125g, the acrylic acid is 2.5ml, the montmorillonite after acid modification is 0.1g, the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 1.335g, the temperature of a magnetic stirrer is 60 ℃, the reaction time is 80min, and the copolymerization time in a nitrogen atmosphere is 130min;
in step (3), lignin-based metal ion scavenger (ml): the waste (sewage) water volume (ml) of heavy metal ions is 1:30, the rotating speed on the magnetic stirrer is 100rad/min, and the stirring time is 10min; mn at an initial mass concentration of 545mg/L 2+ The removal rate is 91.06 percent, and the initial mass concentration is 545mg/L of Ni 2+ The removal rate is 74.88 percent, and the initial mass concentration of the Cr is 545mg/L 3+ The removal rate of (2) was 74.68%; the heavy metal ion waste (sewage) water is characterized by containing Mn with the mass concentration of 545mg/L 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cr 3+ Waste (sewage).
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