CN110586972A

CN110586972A - Lathe tool self-transposition device

Info

Publication number: CN110586972A
Application number: CN201910843023.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 隋建波; 陈鹏伟; 王成勇
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-09-06
Filing date: 2019-09-06
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a turning tool self-rotation positioning device, which comprises a tool apron, a vertical shaft and a turning tool, wherein the vertical shaft is arranged on the tool apron; the lathe tool is columnar structure, and the lathe tool has one end at least for circular terminal surface, and circular terminal surface periphery is equipped with annular cutting edge, the cutting edge is along the axis direction of lathe tool along extending. The cylindrical cutter is arranged on the machine tool and can rotate, and particularly, the cylindrical cutter can be used as a turning tool, so that the annular cutting edge can rotate automatically during working, the cutting point of the cutting edge can be changed uninterruptedly, each annular section of the cutting edge can participate in cutting, the cutter replacement frequency is reduced, the cutter durability can be obviously improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the machining precision and the machining efficiency are improved.

Description

Lathe tool self-transposition device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a turning tool, in particular to a turning tool self-indexing device.

Background

In metal cutting, turning is a very common machining method. Traditional turning cutter fixes the lathe tool on the cutter body, and in the turning course, the lathe tool produces high temperature with being processed the surperficial friction repeatedly, and the wearing and tearing of aggravation cutter just must change the cutter after processing a period, influence cutter life-span and machining efficiency. The existing turning tool is diversified in shape, is fixed on the tool body in modes such as a pressing plate and the like, and is used for machining a workpiece by using a fixed cutting edge during machining, so that the cutting edge is quickly abraded, the replacement frequency is high, and the machining efficiency is reduced.

The existing solution to the above problem is to use an indexable turning tool, such as the patent document with publication number 202951881U disclosed by the national intellectual property office in 2013, 5/29, and a lathe with a switchable tool, which is characterized by comprising: the rotary chuck is connected to a first rotary driving mechanism and is driven to rotate by the first rotary driving mechanism; the cutter rotating disc is detachably connected to the plurality of cutters and radially distributed along the radial direction of the cutter rotating disc, and a fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the circle center of the cutter rotating disc; the second rotary driving mechanism is connected to the fixed shaft and drives the cutter rotating disc to rotate for a certain angle so as to enable any cutter on the cutter rotating disc to be in a usable state; a feed mechanism connected to the tool carousel and driving the tool carousel to move in an axial direction of the spin chuck; and the horizontal displacement power mechanism is connected to the cutter rotating disc and drives the cutter rotating disc to move along the axis of the rotating chuck. The indexable turning tool is a turning tool which clamps a polygonal turning tool blade which is processed in advance and is provided with a plurality of cutting edges on a tool bar or a tool rest by a mechanical clamping method. Although the turning tool has a plurality of cutting edges for use, only one cutting edge is arranged at the part participating in cutting each time, and the cutting edge needs to be manually replaced for many times after being worn, so that the machining efficiency is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages, the present invention provides a self-positioning turning tool device capable of reducing the frequency of tool replacement to improve the machining efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a lathe tool is from positioner which characterized in that: the vertical shaft is arranged on the tool apron, and the turning tool is rotatably arranged on the vertical shaft; the lathe tool is columnar structure, and the lathe tool has one end at least for circular terminal surface, and circular terminal surface periphery is equipped with annular cutting edge, the cutting edge is along the axis direction of lathe tool along extending.

Furthermore, the vertical shaft is a fixed vertical shaft, and the turning tool is installed on the fixed vertical shaft through a bearing.

Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the center of the end face of the turning tool along the axial direction.

Further, the surface of blade holder is equipped with the screw, what fixed vertical axis adopted is the bolt, the up end of lathe tool is recessed arc wall, the bearing is equipped with two, and one is thrust ball bearing, and another is footstep bearing, thrust ball bearing places on the blade holder, the lower extreme of lathe tool supports on thrust ball bearing's roll ball, and footstep bearing's outer lane sticis tightly pressed on the arc wall of lathe tool, and footstep bearing's inner circle and arc wall contactless, the lower extreme of bolt pass in proper order footstep bearing, the through-hole of lathe tool, thrust ball bearing with screw threaded connection, the bolt head of bolt upper end tightly presses on footstep bearing's inner circle, be clearance fit between the through-hole of bolt and lathe tool.

Furthermore, a notch is formed in the tool apron, the side wall surface of the notch is arc-shaped, the bottom surface of the notch is a plane, the screw hole is formed in the bottom surface, and the depth of the notch is larger than the thickness of the turning tool.

Further, the vertical shaft is a rotatable vertical shaft.

Further, the cross-sectional width of the blade is gradually widened from narrow.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the cylindrical cutter is arranged on the machine tool and can rotate, and particularly, the cylindrical cutter can be used as a turning tool, so that the annular cutting edge can rotate automatically during working, the cutting point of the cutting edge can be changed uninterruptedly, each annular section of the cutting edge can participate in cutting, the cutter replacement frequency is reduced, the cutter durability can be obviously improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the machining precision and the machining efficiency are improved.

Drawings

The invention is further described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which the embodiments do not constitute any limitation, and for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, further drawings may be obtained from the following figures:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of embodiment 1 of this patent;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the thrust bearing of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a shim;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is an installation diagram of the embodiment 2 of the present patent.

In the figure: 1. turning a tool; 2. a blade; 3. a through hole; 4. a tool apron; 5. a notch; 6. a side wall surface; 7. a bottom surface; 8. a screw hole; 9. a bolt; 10. an arc-shaped slot; 11. a thrust ball bearing; 12. a thrust bearing; 13. a rolling ball; 14. an outer ring; 15. an inner ring; 16. a bolt head; 17. the vertical shaft can be rotated; 18. a shim; 19. an annular groove; 20. a rolling ball; 21. and (7) installing holes.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1, a turning tool, turning tool 1 is the cylindric structure, and the periphery of the one end of turning tool 1 is equipped with annular cutting edge 2, cutting edge 2 is along extending along the axis direction of turning tool 1, the cross section width of cutting edge 2 is by narrow gradual widen, different front and back angles can be set to cutting edge 2, the terminal surface central part of turning tool 1 extends the axis direction and opens there is through-hole 3. The through hole 3 is a mounting hole. The upper end surface of the turning tool 1 is a concave arc-shaped groove 10.

The front angle is generally between-5 degrees and 25 degrees, the rear angle is generally 6 degrees to 12 degrees, and the size of the front angle mainly solves the contradiction between the firmness and the sharpness of the tool bit, so that the front angle is selected according to the hardness of a machined material, the hardness of the machined material is high, the front angle takes a small value, otherwise, the front angle takes a large value, the size of the front angle is considered according to machining properties, the front angle takes a small value during rough machining, the front angle takes a large value during finish machining, and the front angle is suitable and generally selected between-5 degrees and 25 degrees.

The size of the clearance angle firstly considers the processing property, the clearance angle takes a large value when in finish processing, the clearance angle takes a small value when in rough processing, secondly considers the hardness of the processing material, and the clearance angle takes a small value when the hardness of the processing material is high so as to enhance the firmness of the cutter head; conversely, the clearance angle is of a large value and cannot be zero or negative, preferably, the clearance angle is generally selected between 6 ° and 12 °.

The turning tool 1 and the cutting edge 2 are integrally formed, and specifically, the cutting edge 2 is machined on the end face of the cylindrical turning tool 1.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the turning tool 1 of the present invention is rotatably mounted on a machine tool. Open jaggedly 5 on blade holder 4, the lateral wall face 6 of breach 5 is arc for with the cutter looks adaptation of cylindric structure, the bottom surface 7 of breach 5 is the plane, is equipped with screw 8 on the bottom surface 7, the degree of depth of breach 5 is greater than the thickness of lathe tool 1, and lathe tool 1 is installed in breach 5 department, and the breach can play the effect of protection casing to lathe tool 1, makes the staff avoid when the operation with the cutter contact, in order to improve the security of operation.

And a fixed vertical shaft is arranged on the cutter holder 4, and the cutter is arranged on the fixed vertical shaft through a bearing. The specific installation of the cutter is that, the fixed vertical shaft adopts the bolt 9, the two bearings are provided, one is the thrust ball bearing 11, the other is the thrust bearing 12, the thrust ball bearing 11 is placed at the notch 5 of the cutter holder 4, the lower end of the turning tool 1 is supported on the rolling ball 13 of the thrust ball bearing 11, the outer ring 14 of the thrust bearing 12 is tightly pressed on the arc-shaped groove 10 of the turning tool 1, because the center part of the arc-shaped groove 10 is lowest and the edge is high, the design can lead the outer ring 14 of the thrust bearing 12 to be contacted with the arc-shaped groove 10, lead the inner ring 15 of the thrust bearing 12 to be not contacted with the arc-shaped groove 10, lead the lower end of the bolt 9 to sequentially pass through the thrust bearing 12, the turning tool 1 and the thrust ball bearing 11 to be in threaded connection with the screw hole 8, lead the bolt head 16 at the upper, the inner ring 15 of the thrust bearing 12 is not in contact with the arc-shaped groove 10, so that the bolt 9 is ensured not to rotate along with the cutter. The bolt 9 is matched with the thrust bearing 12 and the thrust ball bearing 11 to fix the turning tool 1, so that the turning tool can only rotate but cannot axially float. The outer ring 14 of the thrust bearing 12 is tightly pressed on the arc-shaped groove 10 of the turning tool 1, and the pressure of the outer ring 14 of the thrust bearing 12 on the turning tool 1 can prevent the turning tool 1 from shaking during cutting and processing, so that the processing precision is ensured.

The embodiment 1 is the best scheme, when the turning tool performs cutting operation, because the thrust ball bearing 11 and the thrust bearing 12 can slide relative to the bolt 9, the cutting bearing capacity of the tool is exerted on the tool holder 4 through the thrust ball bearing 11, and the fixed vertical shaft adopting the bolt 9 does not bear the cutting bearing capacity, the scheme can completely meet the requirement of the cutting bearing capacity.

In addition, it should be noted that the thrust ball bearing 11 functions as a shim, so other technical solutions equivalent to the thrust ball bearing 11 may also be adopted, for example, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the thrust ball bearing 11 is replaced by a shim 18, a mounting hole 21 is provided at the central portion of the shim 18, the mounting hole 21 is used for allowing the bolt 9 to pass through, an annular groove 19 is formed on the upper surface of the shim 18, a plurality of rolling balls 20 are distributed in the annular groove 19, the rolling balls 20 are exposed out of the annular groove 19, the lower end surface of the turning tool 1 can contact with the rolling balls 20 to ensure that the tool is supported on the rolling balls, and when the tool rotates, the rolling balls contacting with the tool can roll along the annular groove to reduce the friction force between the lower end surface of the tool and the shim. The structure of the shim 18 is substantially the same as that of the thrust ball bearing.

Example 2: as shown in fig. 8, the turning tool 1 of the present patent is rotatably mounted on a machine tool. The turning tool is mounted on a tool holder 4 of the lathe. The tool apron 4 is provided with a rotatable vertical shaft 17, and the tool of the patent is fixedly arranged on the rotatable vertical shaft 17. The tool cutting load of this embodiment requires a rotatable vertical shaft 17 for load bearing.

In the two embodiments for the lathe, the rotation of the tool is passive, is not driven by a motor, and is self-rotated along with the rotating workpiece. When turning, the work piece is installed between lathe tool anchor clamps and the top of the output shaft tip of lathe, and the work piece rotates, and when the cutter of this patent was to the work piece turning, under the work piece effect, the cutter can be followed the work piece and rotated.

It is worth mentioning that, in addition to the two embodiments described above, the tool of the present patent may also be mounted on a milling machine for use as a milling cutter or mounted on a planing machine for use as a planing tool. And the cutter can also be driven by a motor to rotate. During the use, the cutter of this patent can be installed in the pivot of milling machine or planer, and the pivot uses the motor as power, and the work piece is fixed not rotatory to mill and plane the processing to the work piece, because the cutter of this patent is not commonly used on milling machine or planer, so no longer describe.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a lathe tool is from positioner which characterized in that: the vertical shaft is arranged on the tool apron, and the turning tool is rotatably arranged on the vertical shaft; the lathe tool is columnar structure, and the lathe tool has one end at least for circular terminal surface, and circular terminal surface periphery is equipped with annular cutting edge, the cutting edge is along the axis direction of lathe tool along extending.

2. The turning tool self-indexing device of claim 1, wherein: the vertical shaft is a fixed vertical shaft, and the turning tool is installed on the fixed vertical shaft through a bearing.

3. The turning tool self-rotation positioning device according to claim 2, wherein: and a through hole is formed in the central part of the end face of the turning tool along the axis direction.

4. The turning tool self-rotation positioning device according to claim 3, wherein: the surface of blade holder is equipped with the screw, what fixed vertical axis adopted is the bolt, the up end of lathe tool is recessed arc wall, the bearing is equipped with two, and one is thrust ball bearing, and another is footstep bearing, thrust ball bearing places on the blade holder, the lower extreme of lathe tool supports on thrust ball bearing's roll ball, and footstep bearing's outer lane sticis tightly pressed on the arc wall of lathe tool, and footstep bearing's inner circle and arc wall contactless, the lower extreme of bolt pass in proper order footstep bearing, the through-hole of lathe tool, thrust ball bearing and screw threaded connection, the bolt head of bolt upper end tightly presses on the inner circle of footstep bearing, be clearance fit between the through-hole of bolt and lathe.

5. The turning tool self-indexing device of claim 4, wherein: the cutter holder is provided with a notch, the side wall surface of the notch is arc-shaped, the bottom surface of the notch is a plane, the screw hole is formed in the bottom surface, and the depth of the notch is larger than the thickness of the turning tool.

6. The turning tool self-indexing device of claim 1, wherein: the vertical shaft is a rotatable vertical shaft.

7. The turning tool self-indexing device of claim 1, wherein: the cross-sectional width of the blade is gradually widened from narrow.