CN110584839A

CN110584839A - Acetabular prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN110584839A
Application number: CN201910954929.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李新宇
Original assignee: BEIJING AIKANG YICHENG MEDICAL EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: BEIJING AIKANG YICHENG MEDICAL EQUIPMENT Co Ltd; Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

The present invention provides an acetabular prosthesis comprising: the inner cup is used for placing the lining; the outer cup is covered outside the inner cup; the adjusting structure is arranged between the inner cup and the outer cup and used for adjusting the circumferential size of the outer cup. Through the technical scheme that this application provided, can solve the easy not hard up problem of acetabular bone prosthesis among the prior art.

Description

Acetabular prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of prostheses, in particular to an acetabular prosthesis.

Background

Currently, an acetabular prosthesis is used for repairing a damaged hip joint, the acetabulum of the hip joint is a spherical joint surface, the acetabular prosthesis is an integrally formed cup-shaped structure, and the outer surface of the acetabular prosthesis is a curved surface. Because the acetabulum of the hip joint is a spherical joint surface and the outer surface of the acetabulum prosthesis is a curved surface, after the acetabulum prosthesis is installed inside the acetabulum in an interference fit mode, the pretightening force between the acetabulum prosthesis and the acetabulum in the circumferential direction is insufficient, and the acetabulum prosthesis is easy to loosen. Therefore, the problem that the acetabular prosthesis is easy to loosen exists in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an acetabular prosthesis, which aims to solve the problem that the acetabular prosthesis in the prior art is easy to loosen.

The invention provides an acetabular prosthesis comprising: the inner cup is used for placing the lining; the outer cup is covered outside the inner cup; the adjusting structure is arranged between the inner cup and the outer cup and used for adjusting the circumferential size of the outer cup.

Further, the outer cup comprises a plurality of independent side plates, the side plates are annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer cup, and the adjusting structure adjusts the circumferential size of the outer cup by adjusting the size of the opening of the outer cup.

Furthermore, the outer cup also comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of side plates are connected with the bottom plate, and the side plates can move relative to the bottom plate.

Furthermore, the inner cup is in threaded connection with the outer cup, external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the inner cup, and internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the outer cup.

Further, the inner cup and the outer cup are both provided with an opening structure, wherein the inner cup is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end of the inner cup is arranged close to the opening structure, and the height dimension of the external thread is gradually reduced from the first end of the inner cup to the second end of the inner cup, and/or; the outer cup is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged, the third end of the outer cup is arranged close to the opening structure, and the height dimension of the internal thread is gradually reduced from the third end of the outer cup to the fourth end of the outer cup.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the external thread and/or the internal thread is a triangular structure.

Furthermore, a connecting piece is arranged between the side plate and the bottom plate, one end of the connecting piece is connected with the side plate, and the other end of the connecting piece is connected with the bottom plate.

Further, the connecting piece comprises rubber, and the side plates, the bottom plate and the rubber are integrally formed in an injection molding mode.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the outer cup and the outer wall of the outer cup are smooth curved surfaces, the outer wall of the inner cup is a smooth curved surface, and the inner wall of the outer cup is attached to the outer wall of the inner cup.

Furthermore, a porous structure is arranged on the outer wall of the outer cup.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the acetabulum prosthesis comprises an inner cup, an outer cup and an adjusting structure. Wherein, the inner cup is used for placing the lining, and the outer cup is covered outside the inner cup. By arranging the acetabular prosthesis into the inner cup and the outer cup and arranging the adjusting structure between the inner cup and the outer cup, after the acetabular prosthesis is assembled on the acetabulum, the circumferential size of the outer cup is adjusted by the adjusting structure, so that the pretightening force of the acetabular prosthesis and the acetabulum in the circumferential direction can be enhanced, the acetabular prosthesis cannot become loose, and the fixing effect of the acetabular prosthesis can be improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of an acetabular prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the outer cup of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates a further structural schematic of an acetabular prosthesis provided in accordance with embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows a partial enlarged view at A in FIG. 3;

figure 5 illustrates an assembly view of an acetabular prosthesis and an acetabulum provided according to embodiments of the invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. an inner cup;

20. an outer cup; 21. a side plate; 22. a base plate;

30. an adjustment structure;

40. and (4) an opening structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an acetabular prosthesis including an inner cup 10, an outer cup 20, and an adjustment structure 30. The inner cup 10 is used, among other things, to place a liner, which may be used to abut the cartilage on the opposite side of the acetabular prosthesis. Specifically, the outer cup 20 covers the outer side of the inner cup 10, and the outer cup 20 and the inner cup 10 are separately arranged to facilitate the adjustment of the outer dimension of the acetabular prosthesis. Through setting up regulation structure 30 between inner cup 10 and outer cup 20, can utilize regulation structure 30 to adjust the circumference size of outer cup 20 to can promote acetabular bone prosthesis in the pretightning force of circumference with the acetabulum, and then can promote acetabular bone prosthesis's fixed effect.

By applying the acetabular prosthesis provided by the embodiment, the acetabular prosthesis is divided into the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20, and the adjusting structure 30 is arranged between the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20, after the acetabular prosthesis is assembled on the acetabulum, the circumferential size of the outer cup 20 is adjusted by the adjusting structure 30, so that the pretightening force between the acetabular prosthesis and the acetabulum in the circumferential direction can be enhanced, the acetabular prosthesis cannot be loosened, and the fixing effect of the acetabular prosthesis can be improved.

In the prior art, the acetabular prosthesis is an integral solid structure, and because the acetabular prosthesis has high rigidity, the acetabular prosthesis can generate a stress shielding phenomenon after being installed on the acetabulum. Specifically, the acetabulum structure is a spherical joint surface, and after the acetabular prosthesis is installed on the acetabulum, the stress positions of the acetabular prosthesis are mainly concentrated on the acetabular floor and the inner side surface of the back part of the acetabulum. However, other positions of the acetabular component, particularly the outer lateral surface of the acetabular component, are less stressed or are substantially unstressed, which can lead to stress shielding. As time of use increases, these less stressed areas of the acetabulum become osteoporotic, the mechanical properties of the osseointegrated interface between the bone and the acetabular prosthesis decrease, resulting in aseptic loosening failure of the acetabular prosthesis.

In the prior art, acetabular prostheses are implanted by impaction during surgical installation, achieving an effect similar to an interference fit. However, the effect of this fit is not great in the circumferential direction, and therefore stress shielding still occurs at the osseointegration interface in the circumferential direction of the acetabulum. In the embodiment, the circumferential size of the outer cup 20 is adjusted by using the adjusting structure 30, so that the circumferential bone integration capacity of the acetabular prosthesis can be improved, the stress shielding effect is reduced, and the risk of sterile loosening and failure of the prosthesis can be effectively reduced.

Wherein, outer cup 20 includes a plurality of independent curb plates 21, and a plurality of curb plates 21 set up along outer cup 20 circumference annular. The side plates 21 have upper ends and lower ends which are oppositely arranged, the upper ends of the side plates 21 surround the opening of the outer cup 20, and the distance between the upper ends of the side plates 21 and the axis of the outer cup 20 is adjustable. Specifically, the adjusting structure 30 can adjust the size of the opening of the outer cup 20 by adjusting the distance between the upper end of the side plate 21 and the axis of the outer cup 20, and further can adjust the circumferential dimension of the outer cup 20.

In the present embodiment, the outer cup 20 includes four independently disposed side plates 21, and the four side plates 21 together enclose the outer wall of the outer cup 20. The circumferential size of the outer cup 20 can be adjusted by adjusting the distances between the upper ends of the four side plates 21 and the axis of the outer cup 20. In the present embodiment, the number of the side plates 21 is not limited. In other embodiments, the number of the side plates 21 of the outer cup 20 can be adjusted according to the use requirement, and if more fine adjustment precision is required, the number of the side plates 21 can be increased. For example, the number of the side plates 21 may be set to six, eight, ten, and so on.

In order to realize the movable connection of the plurality of side plates 21, the outer cup 20 further comprises a bottom plate 22, the plurality of side plates 21 are all connected with the bottom plate 22, and the side plates 21 can move relative to the bottom plate 22. In the present embodiment, the lower ends of the side plates 21 are connected to the bottom plate 22, and the side plates 21 are rotatable relative to the bottom plate 22. With the above structure, the distance between the upper end of the side plate 21 and the axis of the outer cup 20 can be adjusted by rotating the side plate 21 relative to the bottom plate 22, so that the size of the opening of the outer cup 20 can be adjusted, and the circumferential dimension of the outer cup 20 can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the bottom plate 22 is a circular structure, the lower end surface of the side plate 21 is an arc-shaped structure, and the curvature of the lower end surface of the side plate 21 is the same as or similar to that of the bottom plate 22, so that the attaching effect of the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22 can be ensured. In other embodiments, the bottom plate 22 may be provided in a polygonal structure, such as a quadrilateral or hexagonal structure, as long as it is ensured that the side plates 21 can rotate along the bottom plate 22.

Wherein, the inner cup 10 is connected with the outer cup 20 by screw thread, the outer wall of the inner cup 10 is provided with external screw thread, and the inner wall of the outer cup 20 is provided with internal screw thread. By screwing the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20, the connection stability of the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20 can be ensured, and the inner cup 10 is prevented from being separated from the outer cup 20.

Specifically, the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20 both have the opening structure 40, and the opening structure 40 of the inner cup 10 is located on the same side as the opening structure 40 of the outer cup 20. The adjusting structure 30 includes the following three specific structures:

(1) the inner cup 10 is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end of the inner cup 10 is arranged close to the opening structure 40, and the height dimension of the external thread of the inner cup 10 is gradually reduced from the first end of the inner cup 10 to the second end of the inner cup 10;

(2) the outer cup 20 is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged, the third end of the outer cup 20 is arranged close to the opening structure 40, and the height dimension of the internal thread of the outer cup 20 is gradually reduced from the third end of the outer cup 20 to the fourth end of the outer cup 20;

(3) the inner cup 10 has a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end of the inner cup 10 is arranged close to the opening structure 40, the outer cup 20 has a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged, the third end of the outer cup 20 is arranged close to the opening structure 40, the height dimension of the external thread of the inner cup 10 is gradually reduced from the first end of the inner cup 10 to the direction of the second end of the inner cup 10, and the height dimension of the internal thread of the outer cup 20 is gradually reduced from the third end of the outer cup 20 to the direction of the fourth end of the outer cup 20.

In the present embodiment, the adjustment structure 30 is a third structure, that is, the height dimension of the external thread of the inner cup 10 is gradually reduced from the first end of the inner cup 10 toward the second end of the inner cup 10, and the height dimension of the internal thread of the outer cup 20 is gradually reduced from the third end of the outer cup 20 toward the fourth end of the outer cup 20.

The cross section of the external thread and/or the internal thread is in a triangular structure. In this embodiment, the cross sectional shape of external screw thread and internal thread is the triangle-shaped structure, and so at the relative outer cup 20 pivoted in-process of interior cup 10, the outer wall of cup 10 and the inner wall of outer cup 20 are laminated each other in can guaranteeing to the triangle-shaped helicitic texture, can promote the area of contact of interior cup 10 and outer cup 20 to can further promote the stability of being connected of interior cup 10 and outer cup 20. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the external thread and the internal thread may be trapezoidal structures, so that the structural strength of the internal thread and the external thread itself can be ensured, and the durability of the device can be improved.

In order to realize the connection between the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22, a connecting member is arranged between the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22, one end of the connecting member is connected with the side plate 21, and the other end of the connecting member is connected with the bottom plate 22. Wherein, the connecting piece comprises a rotating shaft, an elastic piece and the like. Specifically, the rotating shaft can be inserted between the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22, so that the connection between the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22 can be realized, and the side plate 21 can be ensured to rotate relative to the bottom plate 22. Alternatively, an elastic member may be disposed between the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22, and one end of the elastic member may be connected to the side plate 21 and the other end of the elastic member may be connected to the bottom plate 22, so that the side plate 21 and the bottom plate 22 may be connected. Moreover, since the side plate 21 is connected to the bottom plate 22 via the elastic member, the elastic member is deformable when the side plate 21 moves relative to the bottom plate 22, so that the movement amount of the side plate 21 can be increased.

In this embodiment, the connecting member comprises rubber, and the side plates 21 and the bottom plate 22 are integrally injection-molded with the rubber. Through with curb plate 21 and bottom plate 22 and rubber integrated injection moulding, can simplify the manufacturing procedure of device, reduce the processing cost, promote the wholeness of device.

Specifically, the inner wall of the outer cup 20 and the outer wall of the outer cup 20 are both smooth curved surfaces, the outer wall of the inner cup 10 is a smooth curved surface, and the inner wall of the outer cup 20 is attached to the outer wall of the inner cup 10. By providing the outer wall of the outer cup 20 as a smooth curved surface, the outer wall of the outer cup 20 can fully conform to the acetabulum after the acetabular prosthesis is assembled to the acetabulum. The inner wall of the outer cup 20 and the outer wall of the inner cup 10 are smoothly curved, so that the bonding effect between the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20 can be ensured.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the inner cup 10 includes a plurality of interconnecting tapers and the corresponding outer wall of the liner includes a plurality of interconnecting tapers, such that the liner may be fully conformed to the inner cup 10 after the liner is assembled into the inner cup 10.

Wherein, be provided with porous structure on the outer wall of outer cup 20, do benefit to the bone and grow into, so can promote the osseointegration effect of outer cup 20 and acetabular bone, further promote the fastness of being connected of acetabular bone prosthesis and acetabular bone.

The device provided by the embodiment is used as follows:

(1) after the surgeon has prepared the acetabular lateral bone interface using the acetabular burr, the acetabular prosthesis is placed into the patient's acetabulum using the holder and tightened.

(2) The inner cup 10 assembly is then rotated so that it is screwed inwardly in the axial direction. Due to the tapered thread between the inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20, during the screwing process of the inner cup 10, the components of the outer cup 20 are spread apart, so that the outer surface of each component of the outer cup 20 and the bone interface are further pressed circumferentially.

In this way, the entire acetabular prosthesis generates large contact pressure stresses in both the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The subsequent steps and methods of lining are consistent with those of the current commercial acetabular prostheses.

Compared with the prior acetabulum prosthesis, the acetabulum prosthesis in the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

(1) by adopting a split design, the acetabulum prosthesis has an outer double-layer structure of an inner cup 10 and an outer cup 20, and the combination between the inner cup 10 and the inner lining is not influenced while the state of the outer cup 20 is changed.

(2) The outer cup 20 is composed of a plurality of side plates 21 with curved surfaces, and the side plates are spliced with each other to form an acetabular bone integration interface, so that the integration effect can be ensured.

(3) The inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20 are mutually matched through tapered threads, and according to the expansion locking principle, when the inner cup 10 is screwed in, all components of the outer cup 20 are outwards extruded, so that greater circumferential pressure is generated on the acetabulum, and the fixing effect of the acetabular prosthesis is improved.

Through the device that this embodiment provided, because inner cup 10 and outer cup 20 are the components of a whole that can function independently setting, and be provided with the screw thread that height dimension gradually reduces in the direction of the second end of inner cup 10 by the first end of inner cup 10 between inner cup 10 and the outer cup 20, when screwing in inner cup 10 in outer cup 20, under the effect of helicitic texture, outer cup 20 can outwards expand relative inner cup 10 to can increase the circumference size of outer cup 20, and then can promote acetabular bone prosthesis in the circumference with the pretightning force of acetabular bone, can promote acetabular bone prosthesis's fixed effect. Specifically, after the acetabular prosthesis is assembled into the acetabulum, the circumferential dimension of the outer cup 20 is increased by rotating the inner cup 10, so that secondary circumferential pressurization after tightening of the acetabular prosthesis can be achieved. Therefore, the acetabulum prosthesis has good initial pressure stress in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, provides a good mechanical environment for bone ingrowth, can reduce the stress shielding effect, can better stimulate bone production, and realizes a good bone integration effect.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acetabular prosthesis, comprising:

an inner cup (10) for placing a liner;

the outer cup (20) is covered on the outer side of the inner cup (10);

an adjustment structure (30) disposed between the inner cup (10) and the outer cup (20), the adjustment structure (30) being for adjusting a circumferential dimension of the outer cup (20).

2. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the outer cup (20) comprises a plurality of separate side plates (21), the plurality of side plates (21) being annularly arranged along a circumference of the outer cup (20), the adjustment structure (30) adjusting a circumferential dimension of the outer cup (20) by adjusting an opening size of the outer cup (20).

3. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the outer cup (20) further comprises a bottom plate (22), a plurality of the side plates (21) each being connected to the bottom plate (22), the side plates (21) being movable relative to the bottom plate (22).

4. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the inner cup (10) is threadedly connected to the outer cup (20), the inner cup (10) having external threads on an outer wall thereof and the outer cup (20) having internal threads on an inner wall thereof.

5. Acetabular prosthesis according to claim 4, wherein the inner cup (10) and the outer cup (20) each have an opening structure (40), wherein,

the inner cup (10) is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end of the inner cup (10) is arranged close to the opening structure (40), and the height dimension of the external thread is gradually reduced from the first end of the inner cup (10) to the second end of the inner cup (10), and/or;

the outer cup (20) is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged, the third end of the outer cup (20) is arranged close to the opening structure (40), and the height dimension of the internal thread is gradually reduced from the third end of the outer cup (20) to the fourth end of the outer cup (20).

6. The acetabular prosthesis of claim 4, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the external thread and/or the internal thread is a triangular structure.

7. Acetabular prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that a connection is provided between the side plate (21) and the bottom plate (22), one end of the connection being connected to the side plate (21) and the other end of the connection being connected to the bottom plate (22).

8. Acetabular prosthesis according to claim 7, wherein the connection comprises rubber, the side plates (21) and the bottom plate (22) being injection moulded in one piece with the rubber.

9. The acetabular prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the outer cup (20) and the outer wall of the outer cup (20) are smoothly curved, the outer wall of the inner cup (10) is smoothly curved, and the inner wall of the outer cup (20) conforms to the outer wall of the inner cup (10).

10. Acetabular prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that a porous structure is provided on the outer wall of the outer cup (20).