CN110583533A - Method for screening fish function indicating species in river ecosystem - Google Patents
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
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- 235000006629 Prosopis spicigera Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 241000594011 Leuciscus leuciscus Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241001441699 Ariidae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000167554 Engraulidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001208462 Ophisternon bengalense Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276703 Oreochromis niloticus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277299 Salmoniformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252496 Siluriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000376029 Tachysurus fulvidraco Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
A method for screening fish function indicating species in a river ecosystem comprises the following steps: s1, determining sampling sites in a river ecosystem, and collecting and identifying fish organisms at the sampling sites; s2, grouping according to the environment types: dividing sampling sites with similar habitats into a group; s3, screening an indication species: calculating the average abundance and the relative occurrence frequency of each fish in each group, and then obtaining the index value of each fish in each group according to the average abundance and the relative occurrence frequency; screening out the species with the maximum index value in each group, and screening out the fishes with index values of more than 55% as the indicator species; s4, determining an indication species: the species selected in step S3 is judged as to its species habit, habitat and whether it is a foreign species, and an indicator species is established. The screened fish indicator species can be used for subsequently monitoring the river environmental pollution condition and making effective measures for the pollution condition in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river ecosystem health and risk evaluation, and more particularly relates to a screening method of fish function indicating species in a river ecosystem.
Background
With the increasing intensity of human activities, the human activities have great influence on the environment, especially the river biodiversity. Due to the influence of a series of external interferences such as industrial and agricultural wastewater pollution, river channel transformation, reclamation and field building, water networking, comprehensive treatment and the like, the river biological habitat is degraded, so that the river biological diversity is reduced. Along with the reduction of the biodiversity of the river ecological system, the structural stability of the river environmental system is damaged, so that the water environment is fragile, the ecological value of the water body is reduced, and the global water crisis is aggravated. Therefore, the method for effectively evaluating the health condition of the river ecosystem is a hot problem in the current water environment quality monitoring and water ecological health evaluation.
The traditional monitoring method mainly based on physical and chemical parameters of the water body can only reflect the instantaneous condition of the water quality, but is difficult to detect the cumulative effect of pollutants in the environment, and the potential harmful biological effect cannot be predicted under the synergistic effect of multiple pollutants. Therefore, a method for indicating the environmental pollution condition with wide application range and simple operation is needed.
With the development of scientific technology, river health evaluation technology taking biological monitoring as a leading factor is continuously improved, and the river ecological condition is monitored mainly by utilizing the response of biological physiology, biomass, types, quantity and the like to the river pollution change. Compared with the traditional hydration monitoring, the biological monitoring is quicker and saves the cost; and the organism is sensitive to the response of environmental change, and the metabolism rate is also fast simultaneously, can absorb exogenous thing and respond to. The fish community in the river has high diversity and can reflect different preferences of different fishes for different habitats, so the fishes are good biological indicators. However, there are few reports on how to screen fish function-indicating species in river ecosystems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for screening fish function indicating species in a river ecosystem.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method for screening fish function indicating species in a river ecosystem comprises the following steps:
s1, determining sampling sites in a river ecosystem, and collecting and identifying fish organisms at the sampling sites;
s2, grouping according to the environment types: dividing sampling sites with similar habitats into a group;
s3, screening an indication species: calculating the average abundance and the relative occurrence frequency of each fish in each group, and then obtaining the index value of each fish in each group according to the average abundance and the relative occurrence frequency; screening out the species with the maximum index value in each group, and screening out the fishes with index values of more than 55% as the indicator species;
s4, determining an indication species: the species selected in step S3 is judged as to its species habit, habitat and whether it is a foreign species, and an indicator species is established.
The invention determines sampling points of fishes in a river ecosystem basin of a target river, determines two candidate index types of species abundance and relative frequency of species occurrence to reflect the influence of environmental change on the functional diversity of the fishes, obtains an indication value through species abundance analysis and relative frequency analysis of the species occurrence, and determines the indication species through the conditions of species habit, inhabitation environment, whether the species is a foreign species and the like.
Preferably, the grouping criteria of step S2 are: grouping is carried out according to the habitat diversity of the sites, the land utilization type, the physical and chemical indexes of water bodies, the river bank vegetation coverage and the like, so that the screening accuracy is improved.
Preferably, the average abundance calculation formula in step S3 is:
wherein A isijIs the average abundance of species i in group j; n is a radical ofijThe average number of different sites in group j for species i; n is a radical ofiIs the average sum of species i over all groups. When the species is present only in species j is, AijIs the maximum value.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the relative occurrence frequency in step S3 is:
wherein, BijIs the relative frequency of occurrence of species i in group j sites; sijThe number of sites in group j present for species i; sjThe total number of sites in group j. When i is present at all sites in group j, BijIs the maximum value.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the index value of each fish in each group is as follows:
IndValij＝Aij×Bij×100
wherein, IndValijIs an index value for species i in group j; the indicator value for species i is the IndVal observed in all groups j of this typeijMaximum value of (d):
IndVali＝max[IndValij]。
preferably, the river ecosystem comprises small streams that may be waded (shallow water) and large rivers that may not be waded (deep water).
The diversified biological functions are the result of long-term natural evolution between organisms and non-organisms, and the essence of water health is the 'functional diversity' of fish organisms in an ecological system, so that the evaluation of the biological condition in the system becomes the most direct and effective method for evaluating the ecological health condition of the water ecological system.
The water ecological evaluation method based on the fish biological function diversity established by the screening method of the fish function indicating species utilizes a plurality of biological indexes which are related to the structure and the function of a fish biological community, closely related to the surrounding environment and sensitive to reaction after interference to evaluate the state of an ecosystem, namely, the quality of the water ecological environment is evaluated by comprehensively and scientifically reflecting the biological state of a water body through the plurality of biological indexes.
The evaluation system can effectively make up the defects that the existing traditional water body physicochemical indexes can only reflect the instantaneous water quality condition and the technical defects; the method can reflect the accumulated effect of artificial interference on environment damage, predict the pest effect under the stress of multiple pollution, is an economic, quantitative and multi-index system comprehensive means, provides powerful technical support for evaluating the ecological health condition of each monitoring point and the whole drainage basin, and can timely respond to the environmental pollution to make a scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a screening method of fish function indicating species in a river ecosystem, which reflects the influence of environmental change on the functional diversity of fish by determining two candidate index types of species abundance and relative frequency of species occurrence, obtains an indicating value by species abundance analysis and relative frequency analysis of occurrence, and determines the indicating species from the conditions of species habit, inhabitation environment, foreign species and the like. The method fills the blank of the technology for screening the fish function indicator species in the tropical and subtropical rivers in China, and the screened fish indicator species can be used for subsequently monitoring the environmental pollution condition of the rivers and making effective measures on the pollution condition in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process steps of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sampling distribution point of a stream river basin.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the following detailed description, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1 screening of biological indicator species for fish in the Yangzhou river ecosystem
A water ecology evaluation method based on fish biological function diversity comprises the steps as shown in figure 1, and a brook ecosystem in Guangzhou city is selected to screen fish biological indication species.
Method and device
1. Screening regional overview of fish biological indicator species
The stream river is located in the northwest of the Guangzhou city region of Congregation (23 ° 12'30 "-23 ° 57' 36" N, 113 ° 10'12 "-114 ° 2' 00" E) and in the northmid-span of the Zhujiang delta. The hair comes from the area of the descendant, Lutian, Guifeng mountain, and is gathered in when flowing through the areas of the descendant and Baiyun, and is injected into Zhujiang after the Nangang mouth of the village of Zhenjiang and the white mud river in the Baiyun area are gathered, and then flows into the south sea, the total length of the main stream is 171km, and the total area of the drainage basin is 2300km2. The river basin belongs to a subtropical monsoon climate area in south China, is influenced by monsoon circulation and is adjusted by oceans close to the south China sea, the climate is warm and humid, the rainfall is abundant, the annual average temperature is 21.2 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 1823.6mm, and the rainfall in the flood season (4-9 months) accounts for about 84% of the annual rainfall. The stream river is the only river flowing through Guangzhou city, and in recent years, as the social economy of the Zhujiang delta is rapidly developed, the industrialization and urbanization processes are accelerated, the land use condition of the stream river basin is remarkably changed, and the water ecosystem is seriously influenced by people. In view of this, the ecological health level of the whole river basin of the stream river is evaluated, and the damage degree of each river reach is compared and analyzed, so that the method has important theoretical and practical significance for ecological management and ecological system protection of the river basin.
2. Evaluation location selection and data acquisition
S1, establishing a sampling site, and collecting fishes at the sampling site
According to the geographical position, habitat diversity, land utilization type, bank stability, bank vegetation coverage and other reference indexes of each river reach of the stream river, 14 sampling sites are arranged in total (as shown in figure 2), and the number of main flow sections is 7: s3, S4, S7, S8, S11, S12, S14; branch section 7: s1, S2, S5, S6, S9, S10 and S13, and the site distribution is shown in figure 2. The fishes at each locus were collected, and 87 species were identified in total, belonging to 14 families of class 1, class 7, including order Cypriniformes (Cyprinidae, loach and Potirucaceae), order Siluriformes (Ariidae, catidae, Clariaceae and Pseudobagidae), order killififormes (killidae), order Holotrichia (Holotrichia paralleliperidae), order Perciformes (Pacifidae, Perciformes, Otobutidae, potamotidae, Diplocephalidae, snakehead and Ottnigadae), order Cluperidae (Engraulidae), order Salmoniformes (Unionidae).
S2, grouping according to environment types
The environment with similar habitat is divided into a group, and the grouping conditions are shown in Table 1
Table 1 brook 14 bit grouping
S3, screening indication species
The calculation formulas for calculating the indicated values are respectively as follows:
wherein A isijIs the average abundance of species i in group j; n is a radical ofijThe average number of different sites in group j for species i; n is a radical ofiIs the average sum of species i over all groups. When the species is present only in species j is, AijIs the maximum value. SijThe number of sites in group j present for species i; sjTotal number of sites in group j; b isijOf species i in group j sitesRelative frequency of occurrence. When i is present at all sites in group j, BijIs the maximum value.
IndValij＝Aij×Bij×100
Wherein, IndValijIs an index value for species i in group j.
The indicator value for species i of a species type is the IndVal observed in all groups j of that typeijIs measured. This index is maximal when species i is observed at all sites in a group.
IndVali＝max[IndValij]
The species with the largest IndVal value in each group was selected. IndVali > 55% was selected as the indicator species, and the values are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Fish indicator species selected and index values thereof
S4, determining an indicator species
Judging the screened species, species habits, habitat environment, whether the species is a foreign species or not and the like;
nile tilapia in the indicator species screened out in the step S3 is an exotic carnivorous foreign species, and has strong environmental adaptability and is not suitable for the indicator species; the clarias fuscus belongs to benthic fishes, has strong hypoxia resistance, can survive in severe environment, has strong environmental adaptability and cannot well indicate environmental change conditions, so the clarias fuscus is not suitable for indicating species.
Therefore, the finally screened indicator species are dace, mackerel dace, crucian carp, fine bream, culter alburnus major, pelteobagrus fulvidraco and ricefield eel.
Claims (6)
1. A screening method of fish function indicating species in a river ecosystem is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining sampling sites in a river ecosystem, and collecting and identifying fish organisms at the sampling sites;
s2, grouping according to the environment types: dividing sampling sites with similar habitats into a group;
s3, screening an indication species: calculating the average abundance and the relative occurrence frequency of each fish in each group, and then obtaining the index value of each fish in each group according to the average abundance and the relative occurrence frequency; screening out the species with the maximum index value in each group, and screening out the fishes with index values larger than 55% as the indicator species;
s4, determining an indication species: the species selected in step S3 is judged as to its species habit, habitat and whether it is a foreign species, and an indicator species is established.
2. The screening method according to claim 1, wherein the grouping criteria of step S2 are: grouping according to the habitat diversity of the sites, the land utilization type, the physical and chemical indexes of the water body or the coverage of the river bank vegetation.
3. The screening method according to claim 1, wherein the average abundance calculation formula of step S3 is:
wherein A isijIs the average abundance of species i in group j; n is a radical ofijThe average number of different sites in group j for species i; n is a radical ofiIs the average sum of species i over all groups.
4. The screening method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the calculation formula of the relative frequency of occurrence in step S3 is:
wherein, BijIs the relative frequency of occurrence of species i in group j sites; sijThe number of sites in group j present for species i; sjAt a position in group jAnd (4) total number.
5. The screening method according to claim 4, wherein the index value for each fish in each group is calculated by the formula:
IndValij＝Aij×Bij×100
wherein, IndValijIs an index value for species i in group j; the indicator value for species i is the IndVal observed in all groups j of this typeijMaximum value of (d):
IndVali＝max[IndValij]。
6. the screening method of claim 1, wherein the river ecosystem comprises small streams that can wade and large rivers that cannot wade.
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| CN114304033A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-12 | 海南大学 | Method for screening fish function indicating species in river ecosystem |
| CN116976709A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Vulnerability assessment method based on river basin ecosystem |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN112508395A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological system attribute component composition structure quantization method facing frequency distribution symmetry |
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| CN114304033A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-12 | 海南大学 | Method for screening fish function indicating species in river ecosystem |
| CN116976709A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Vulnerability assessment method based on river basin ecosystem |
| CN116976709B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-23 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Vulnerability assessment method based on river basin ecosystem |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |