CN110580894B - Acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment - Google Patents

Acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110580894B
CN110580894B CN201910904224.8A CN201910904224A CN110580894B CN 110580894 B CN110580894 B CN 110580894B CN 201910904224 A CN201910904224 A CN 201910904224A CN 110580894 B CN110580894 B CN 110580894B
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China
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steel plate
cavity steel
flange
plate unit
sound absorption
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CN110580894A (en
Inventor
靳国永
叶天贵
林壮
杨东凯
董丹
张艳涛
李平
刘志刚
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Harbin Engineering University Ship Equipment & Technology Co ltd
Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University Ship Equipment & Technology Co ltd
Harbin Engineering University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment, which comprises an acoustic baffle main body, wherein the acoustic baffle main body comprises a cavity steel plate, a damping layer and an acoustic absorption layer, the cavity steel plate is a main body supporting structure, the acoustic absorption layer and the damping layer are adhered to two sides of the cavity steel plate through viscose glue, the cavity steel plate is formed by overlapping a cavity steel plate unit through flanges, the cavity steel plate unit is formed by welding a vertical surface, a flange surface and a bottom plate, a cavity is arranged in the cavity steel plate unit, the damping layer is made of polyurethane underwater acoustic damping material, and the acoustic absorption layer is of a wedge structure; according to the invention, the cavity steel plate is used as a sound insulation structure, and the noise of the propeller, the mechanical noise and the vibration radiation sound of the ship body from the stern are reflected by utilizing the impedance mismatch effect, so that the reflection sound insulation effect is achieved, the influence of the noise on underwater detection equipment is reduced, and the detection performance of the equipment is improved.

Description

Acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of equipment, in particular to an acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment.
Background
The performance of the underwater detection equipment is influenced by sound environment in a bulb guide cover, flow noise from the front face of the bulb, propeller noise in the stern direction and mechanical equipment vibration noise all interfere with the normal operation of the underwater detection equipment, at present, a sound baffle is gradually applied to the bulb guide cover as a noise reduction structure to reduce water-borne noise generated by propellers, mechanical equipment and the like from the stern, the structural design of the sound baffle is mainly concentrated on metal and low-density foaming materials, and the comprehensive performance of the sound baffle is rarely considered from the aspect of improving the sound field environment in the bulb guide cover.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides the sound baffle composite structure for the underwater detection equipment, which comprehensively considers the requirements of the underwater detection equipment on the surrounding noise environment, has the characteristics of sound insulation, sound absorption, damping and the like, and can not only effectively reduce the influence of propeller noise from the stern direction and mechanical equipment vibration noise on the underwater detection equipment, but also reduce the interference of incident sound wave reflection on the underwater sound detection equipment.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment, which comprises an acoustic baffle main body, wherein the acoustic baffle main body comprises a cavity steel plate, a damping layer and a sound absorption layer, the cavity steel plate is a main body supporting structure, the sound absorption layer and the damping layer are adhered to two sides of the cavity steel plate through viscose glue, the cavity steel plate is formed by overlapping a cavity steel plate unit through flanges, the cavity steel plate unit is formed by welding a vertical face, a flange face and a bottom plate, a cavity is arranged in the cavity steel plate unit, the damping layer is made of polyurethane underwater sound damping materials, and the sound absorption layer is of a wedge structure.
The further improvement is that: the cavity steel plate unit comprises a first cavity steel plate unit and a second cavity steel plate unit, the vertical faces, the flange faces and the bottom plates of the first cavity steel plate unit and the second cavity steel plate unit are all formed by welding steel plates with the same thickness, the upper end of one side of the first cavity steel plate unit is provided with a first flange, the lower end of one side of the second cavity steel plate unit is provided with a second flange, the first flange and the second flange are identical, the first flange and the second flange are mutually overlapped, corresponding stepped holes are drilled in the first flange and the second flange, adaptive slotted pan head bolts penetrate through the stepped holes, space is formed inside the overlapped inner sides of the first flange and the second flange, and a limiting steel pipe is arranged in the space, and the slotted pan head bolts penetrate through the limiting steel pipe.
The further improvement is that: the cavity steel plate unit comprises a first cavity steel plate unit and a second cavity steel plate unit, the first cavity steel plate unit is formed by welding a flange face and a bottom plate, the second cavity steel plate unit is formed by welding a vertical face, a flange face and a bottom plate of a steel plate with the same thickness, the flange face thickness of the first cavity steel plate unit is larger than the flange face thickness of the second cavity steel plate unit, the bottom plate thickness of the first cavity steel plate unit is the same as the bottom plate thickness of the second cavity steel plate unit, a first flange is arranged above one side of the first cavity steel plate unit, a second flange is arranged below one side of the second cavity steel plate unit, the thickness of the first flange is larger than the thickness of the second flange, the widths of the first flange and the second flange are the same, the first flange and the second flange are mutually overlapped, waterproof sealing glue is filled in a gap, corresponding stepped holes are drilled in the first flange and the second flange, and grooving disc head bolts matched with the stepped holes are penetrated and fixed.
The further improvement is that: the damping layer is made of interpenetrating network polyurethane polymer damping material, the damping loss factor of the damping layer is 1.05, the elastic modulus of the damping layer is 1.01X108 Pa, and the damping layer and the cavity steel plate are bonded by adopting metal adhesive and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
The further improvement is that: the damping layer is made of polyurethane polymer damping materials added with basalt flakes, the damping loss factor of the damping layer is 0.95, and the damping layer and the cavity steel plate are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
The further improvement is that: the sound absorption layer is composed of sound absorption wedges of the same specification, the sound absorption wedges are made of polyurethane sound absorption materials, sound absorption cavities are formed in the sound absorption wedges, the average sound absorption coefficient in the frequency band of the sound absorption wedges is 0.92, and the sound absorption layer is bonded with a cavity steel plate by adopting a metal adhesive and is fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
The further improvement is that: the sound absorption layer is composed of two conical sound absorption wedges with different dimensions, the two conical sound absorption wedges are made of polyurethane sound absorption materials, the average sound absorption coefficient in a frequency band is 0.92, the two conical sound absorption wedges are respectively short wedges and long wedges, the four short wedges are arranged in a staggered manner, and the sound absorption layer and the cavity steel plate are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary manner through bolts.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the cavity steel plate is used as a sound insulation structure, the noise of a propeller, mechanical noise and vibration radiation sound of a ship body from the stern are reflected by utilizing impedance mismatch effect, the effect of reflection and sound insulation is achieved, the influence of the noise on underwater detection equipment is reduced, so that the detection performance of the equipment is improved, when the water sound from the stern is incident on the cavity steel plate, as the steel plate has larger impedance than water, the cavity is air, the acoustic impedance of the air is far smaller than that of the water, the impedance characteristic of the whole cavity steel plate structure is greatly different from that of the external water, sound waves are difficult to penetrate through the cavity steel plate structure and are transmitted to the other side, and therefore excellent sound insulation performance is obtained, and through simulation calculation, the sound insulation capacity of the cavity steel plate in a working frequency band can reach 40dB;
2. The damping layer is stuck on one side of the cavity steel plate close to the stern and has the functions of further dissipating sound energy and inhibiting vibration of the cavity steel plate, so that the damping of the sound insulation structure is improved, and through simulation calculation, the damping layer further improves the sound insulation amount of the sound baffle, and the sound insulation amount can reach more than 60 dB;
3. The sound absorption layer is stuck on one side of the sound baffle, facing the underwater detection equipment, and the sound absorption wedge is made of sound absorption materials, the sound absorption cavity structure is arranged in the sound absorption wedge to help to improve the sound absorption performance of the wedge, the acoustic impedance of the sound absorption materials is close to that of water, the appearance characteristics of the sound absorption wedge are easy to realize gradual transition of the acoustic impedance of water and the acoustic impedance of the sound absorption materials, and the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption wedge is not less than 0.81;
4. The cavity steel plate is formed by overlapping the cavity steel plate units with flanges, and the tightness of the cavity steel plate is improved through slotted pan head bolt fixation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lap joint structure of a cavity steel plate unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lap joint structure of a cavity steel plate unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a cavity steel plate; 2. a damping layer; 3. a sound absorbing layer; 4. a cavity; 5. a first cavity steel plate unit; 6. a second cavity steel plate unit; 7. a first flange; 8. a second flange; 9. grooving pan head bolts; 10. and limiting the steel pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
According to the drawings, 1, 2 show, this embodiment provides a sound baffle composite construction for detecting equipment under water, including sound baffle main part, sound baffle main part includes cavity steel sheet 1, damping layer 2 and acoustic absorption layer 3, cavity steel sheet 1 is main part bearing structure, acoustic absorption layer 3 and damping layer 2 all paste through the viscose cavity steel sheet 1's both sides, cavity steel sheet 1 passes through the flange overlap joint by cavity steel sheet unit and constitutes, and cavity steel sheet unit is by facade, flange face and bottom plate welded shaping, be equipped with cavity 4 in the cavity steel sheet unit, cavity 4 thickness 10mm, damping layer 2 is polyurethane hydroacoustic damping material, acoustic absorption layer 3 is the wedge structure.
The cavity steel plate unit includes first cavity steel plate unit 5 and second cavity steel plate unit 6, the facade, flange face and the bottom plate of first cavity steel plate unit 5 and second cavity steel plate unit 6 all select for use the steel sheet welding shaping of the same thickness (8 mm), the upper end of first cavity steel plate unit 5 one side is equipped with first flange 7, the lower extreme of second cavity steel plate unit 6 one side is equipped with second flange 8, first flange 7 and second flange 8 are the same, all wide 25mm, and first flange 7 and second flange 8 overlap joint each other, corresponding shoulder hole has all been bored according to 100mm interval on first flange 7 and the second flange 8, just run through in the shoulder hole and be fixed with the fluting coiled hair bolt 9 of looks adaptation, the overlap joint inboard of first flange 7 and second flange 8 forms the space, and is equipped with spacing steel pipe 10 in the space, long 10mm, 3mm, external diameter 16mm, fluting coiled hair bolt 9 passes spacing steel pipe 10.
The damping layer 2 is made of interpenetrating network polyurethane polymer damping material, the thickness of the damping layer 2 is 20mm, the damping loss factor of the damping layer 2 is 1.05, the elastic modulus of the damping layer 2 is 1.01X108 Pa, and the damping layer 2 and the cavity steel plate 1 are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
The sound absorption layer 3 is composed of sound absorption wedges of the same specification, the whole thickness of the sound absorption wedges is 110mm, the thickness of a base is 40mm, the wedges are conical, the bottom diameter is 24mm, the wedge spacing is 27.5mm, the sound absorption wedges are made of polyurethane sound absorption materials, sound absorption cavities are formed in the sound absorption wedges, the average sound absorption coefficient in the sound absorption wedge frequency band is 0.92, and the sound absorption layer 3 is bonded with the cavity steel plate 1 by adopting a metal adhesive and is fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts. Is suitable for long-term use.
Example two
According to the drawings, 1, 3 show, this embodiment provides a sound baffle composite construction for detecting equipment under water, including sound baffle main part, sound baffle main part includes cavity steel sheet 1, damping layer 2 and acoustic absorption layer 3, cavity steel sheet 1 is main part bearing structure, acoustic absorption layer 3 and damping layer 2 all paste through the viscose cavity steel sheet 1's both sides, cavity steel sheet 1 passes through the flange overlap joint by cavity steel sheet unit and constitutes, and cavity steel sheet unit is by facade, flange face and bottom plate welded shaping, be equipped with cavity 4 in the cavity steel sheet unit, cavity 4 thickness 10mm, damping layer 2 is polyurethane hydroacoustic damping material, acoustic absorption layer 3 is the wedge structure.
The cavity steel plate unit includes first cavity steel plate unit 5 and second cavity steel plate unit 6, first cavity steel plate unit 5 is formed by flange face and bottom plate welding, second cavity steel plate unit 6 is by the facade, flange face and the bottom plate welding formation of the same thickness (8 mm) steel plate, flange face thickness (18 mm) of first cavity steel plate unit 5 is greater than flange face thickness (8 mm) of second cavity steel plate unit 6, the bottom plate thickness of first cavity steel plate unit 5 is the same with the bottom plate thickness of second cavity steel plate unit 6, is the same, the top of first cavity steel plate unit 5 one side is equipped with first flange 7, the below of second cavity steel plate unit 6 one side is equipped with second flange 8, the thickness of first flange 7 is greater than the thickness of second flange 8, and the width of first flange 7 and second flange 8 is the same, wide 15mm, first flange 7 and second flange 8 overlap joint each other, and overlap joint gap department is filled with the waterproof seal, all have the ladder on first flange 7 and the second flange 8 to have the corresponding fixed slot 9 mm of ladder spacing according to the equal ladder and have the perforation of the looks bolt.
The damping layer 2 is made of polyurethane polymer damping material added with basalt flakes, the damping loss factor of the damping layer 2 is 0.95, and the damping layer 2 and the cavity steel plate 1 are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts. The damping layer 2 has stable performance in water and is not easy to corrode, so that the damping layer 2 has better corrosion resistance and water resistance.
The sound absorption layer 3 is composed of two conical sound absorption wedges with different dimensions, the two conical sound absorption wedges are made of polyurethane sound absorption materials, the average sound absorption coefficient in a frequency band is 0.92, the two conical sound absorption wedges are respectively a short wedge and a long wedge, the thickness of a wedge base is 40mm, the diameter of the bottom of the long wedge is 24mm, the distance of the long wedge is 27.5mm, the diameter of the bottom of the short wedge is 12.5mm, the distance of the bottom of the long wedge is 13.5mm, the four groups of short wedges are arranged in a staggered manner, and the sound absorption layer 3 and the cavity steel plate 1 are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
According to the sound baffle composite structure for the underwater detection equipment, the cavity steel plate 1 is used as a sound insulation structure, the impedance mismatch effect is utilized, the noise of a propeller, mechanical noise and vibration radiation sound of a ship body from the stern are reflected, the effect of reflection and sound insulation is achieved, the influence of the noise on the underwater detection equipment is reduced, so that the detection performance of the equipment is improved, when the water sound from the stern is incident on the cavity steel plate, as the steel plate is larger than the water, air is arranged in the cavity 4, the acoustic impedance of the air is far smaller than that of the water, so that the impedance characteristic of the whole cavity steel plate structure and the external water form a great difference, sound waves are difficult to penetrate through the cavity steel plate structure to be transmitted to the other side, and the sound insulation performance of the cavity steel plate in a working frequency band can reach 40dB through simulation calculation; the damping layer 2 is adhered to one side of the cavity steel plate 1 close to the stern and has the functions of further dissipating sound energy and inhibiting vibration of the cavity steel plate, damping of the sound insulation structure is improved, through simulation calculation, the sound insulation amount of the sound baffle is further improved by the damping layer 2, the sound insulation amount can be more than 60dB, meanwhile, the sound baffle is adhered to one side of the sound baffle facing the underwater detection equipment, the sound absorption wedge is made of sound absorption materials, the sound absorption cavity structure is arranged in the sound absorption wedge to facilitate improvement of sound absorption performance of the wedge, the acoustic impedance of the sound absorption materials is close to that of water, gradual transition of the acoustic impedance of the sound absorption wedge and that of the sound absorption materials is easy to realize, and the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption wedge is not less than 0.81; in addition, the cavity steel plate 1 is formed by overlapping a cavity steel plate unit and a flange, and the tightness of the cavity steel plate is improved by fixing a slotted pan head bolt 9.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. An acoustic baffle composite structure for an underwater detection device comprising an acoustic baffle body, characterized in that: the sound baffle main body comprises a cavity steel plate (1), a damping layer (2) and a sound absorption layer (3), wherein the cavity steel plate (1) is of a main body supporting structure, the sound absorption layer (3) and the damping layer (2) are adhered to two sides of the cavity steel plate (1) through viscose glue, the cavity steel plate (1) is formed by overlapping a cavity steel plate unit through a flange, the cavity steel plate unit is formed by welding a vertical face, a flange face and a bottom plate, a cavity (4) is arranged in the cavity steel plate unit, the damping layer (2) is made of polyurethane underwater sound damping materials, and the sound absorption layer (3) is of a wedge structure;
The cavity steel plate unit comprises a first cavity steel plate unit (5) and a second cavity steel plate unit (6), vertical faces, flange faces and bottom plates of the first cavity steel plate unit (5) and the second cavity steel plate unit (6) are formed by welding steel plates with the same thickness, a first flange (7) is arranged at the upper end of one side of the first cavity steel plate unit (5), a second flange (8) is arranged at the lower end of one side of the second cavity steel plate unit (6), the first flange (7) and the second flange (8) are identical, the first flange (7) and the second flange (8) are mutually overlapped, corresponding stepped holes are drilled in the first flange (7) and the second flange (8), matched slotted disc head bolts (9) penetrate through and are fixed in the stepped holes, a space is formed inside the overlapped steel pipes of the first flange (7) and the second flange (8), a limit steel pipe (10) is arranged in the space, and the slotted disc head bolts (9) penetrate through the limit steel pipes (10);
The cavity steel plate unit comprises a first cavity steel plate unit (5) and a second cavity steel plate unit (6), the first cavity steel plate unit (5) is formed by welding a flange face and a bottom plate, the second cavity steel plate unit (6) is formed by welding a vertical face, a flange face and a bottom plate of the same thickness steel plate, the flange face thickness of the first cavity steel plate unit (5) is larger than that of the second cavity steel plate unit (6), the bottom plate thickness of the first cavity steel plate unit (5) is identical to that of the second cavity steel plate unit (6), a first flange (7) is arranged above one side of the first cavity steel plate unit (5), a second flange (8) is arranged below one side of the second cavity steel plate unit (6), the thickness of the first flange (7) is larger than that of the second flange (8), the widths of the first flange (7) and the second flange (8) are identical, the first flange (7) and the second flange (8) are mutually lapped, a waterproof sealing glue is filled in a lap joint gap, and the first flange (7) and the second flange (8) are provided with corresponding through holes and matched with the through holes (9).
2. An acoustic baffle composite structure for use in an underwater detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the damping layer (2) is made of interpenetrating network polyurethane polymer damping material, the damping loss factor of the damping layer (2) is 1.05, the elastic modulus of the damping layer (2) is 1.01X108 Pa, and the damping layer (2) and the cavity steel plate (1) are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
3. An acoustic baffle composite structure for use in an underwater detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the damping layer (2) is made of polyurethane polymer damping materials added with basalt flakes, the damping loss factor of the damping layer (2) is 0.95, and the damping layer (2) and the cavity steel plate (1) are bonded by adopting metal adhesives and are fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
4. An acoustic baffle composite structure for use in an underwater detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sound absorption layer (3) is formed by sound absorption wedges of the same specification, the sound absorption wedges are made of polyurethane sound absorption materials, sound absorption cavities are formed in the sound absorption wedges, the average sound absorption coefficient in the sound absorption wedge frequency band is 0.92, and the sound absorption layer (3) is bonded with the cavity steel plate (1) through metal adhesives and is fixed in an auxiliary mode through bolts.
5. An acoustic baffle composite structure for use in an underwater detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sound absorption layer (3) is composed of two conical sound absorption wedges with different dimensions, the two conical sound absorption wedges are made of polyurethane sound absorption materials, the average sound absorption coefficient in a frequency band is 0.92, the two conical sound absorption wedges are respectively a short wedge and a long wedge, the four groups of the short wedges are arranged in a staggered manner with the long wedge, and the sound absorption layer (3) is bonded with a cavity steel plate (1) through a metal adhesive and is fixed in an auxiliary manner through bolts.
CN201910904224.8A 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Acoustic baffle composite structure for underwater detection equipment Active CN110580894B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111625905B (en) * 2020-05-29 2023-08-04 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 High-frequency simulation method for noise in cabin of propeller aircraft
CN113066463B (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-08-02 国网河北省电力有限公司沧州供电分公司 Sound absorption and insulation structure for controlling sound vibration of transformer oil tank, transformer oil tank and transformer
CN113948055B (en) * 2021-09-17 2023-02-07 中国舰船研究设计中心 Combined sound baffle adaptive to sound interference propagation path and installation method

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