CN110580399A - Method for determining pretightening force of anchor cable on roof of coal mine tunnel - Google Patents
Method for determining pretightening force of anchor cable on roof of coal mine tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110580399A CN110580399A CN201910920914.2A CN201910920914A CN110580399A CN 110580399 A CN110580399 A CN 110580399A CN 201910920914 A CN201910920914 A CN 201910920914A CN 110580399 A CN110580399 A CN 110580399A
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- anchor cable
- roof
- roadway
- elongation
- top plate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the pretightening force of an anchor cable of a roof of a coal mine roadway, which relates to the technical field of mine roadway support, and specifically comprises the following steps: A. acquiring a roadway roof rock stratum occurrence characteristic parameter and a physical and mechanical parameter of a roof; B. predicted allowable sinking amount L of roadway roof0(ii) a C. Performing anchor cable performance test, obtaining an anchor cable tension-elongation relation curve, and obtaining an anchor cable ultimate drawing force F0And the elongation L of the anchor cable lock body when yieldingmax(ii) a D. According to the principle that the anchor cable tension deformation and the top plate sinking are coordinated, the allowable elongation after the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened, namely the allowable sinking amount of the top plate, and the maximum elongation L during the tensioning and pre-tightening of the anchor cable are obtained1＝Lmax‑L0(ii) a E. According to the relation curve of the tensile force and the elongation of the anchor cable, the maximum elongation L of the anchor cable when the tension pre-tightening reaches is determined1The tension of the anchor cable is the pretightening force of the anchor cable; the method solves the problem that the pretightening force is too large or too small to generate in the construction process of the anchor cableThe problem of the anchor cable support performance is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway support, in particular to a method for determining the pre-tightening force of an anchor cable of a roof of a coal mine roadway.
Background
Along with the continuous promotion of coal mine mechanization, intelligent horizontally, the tunnel tunnelling section is constantly increased in the pit, and the application range of anchor rope is more and more wide, however in the anchor rope support design's in-process, the setting of parameters such as anchor rope length, interval, arrangement mode, anchor rope anchoring force is stressed, considers to have not enoughly to the anchor rope pretightning force.
The anchor rope pretightning force is the key parameter in the anchor rope is strutted, plays key effect to strutting the effect. The support efficiency of the anchor cable is realized by improving the stress environment of the surrounding rock and improving the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. When the pretightening force of the anchor cable is too low, an effective compressive stress area formed by the anchor cable support is small and distributed in an isolated manner, so that a rock body in an anchoring range cannot quickly form a self-bearing structure, and the active support effect is poor; when the pretightening force of the anchor cable is too large, on one hand, the anchor cable is easy to break due to insufficient yielding deformation caused by over-stretching, and on the other hand, the actual anchor cable supporting capability is reduced due to the fact that large uneven load is borne between the free sections or the reinforcing steel bars of the anchor cable. The anchor cable pre-tightening force in a coal mine is generally determined to be 40% -70% of the anchor cable breaking load, has a certain engineering value, but still cannot meet the actual requirement of engineering, so that the anchor cable support pre-tightening force determination method based on the actual coal mine roadway engineering needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention provides a method for determining the pretightening force of an anchor cable of a roof of a coal mine tunnel, which aims to solve the technical problems that the pretightening force is smaller to cause poor active support effect and the pretightening force is larger to cause reduction of the support capability of the anchor cable, fully exert the effect of improving the active support effect of the anchor cable and accurately determine the pretightening force of the anchor cable.
The method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable of the roof of the coal mine tunnel comprises the following steps:
A, acquiring occurrence characteristic parameters of a roadway roof rock stratum and physical and mechanical parameters of a roof;
Step B, predicting allowable sinking L of the roadway roof0；
C, performing anchor cable performance test, obtaining an anchor cable tension-elongation relation curve, and obtaining an anchor cable ultimate drawing force F0And elongation L when anchor cable lock body yieldsmax；
D, determining the allowable elongation after the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened, namely the allowable sinking amount of the top plate according to the principle that the anchor cable is tensioned and deformed and the top plate sinks in a coordinated manner, and calculating the maximum elongation L when the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened1＝Lmax-L0；
e, determining that the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened to reach the maximum elongation L according to the relation curve of the tension and the elongation of the anchor cable1The tension of the anchor cable is the pretightening force of the anchor cable.
Further, the characteristic parameters of the roadway top plate rock stratum occurrence include direct top thickness, basic top thickness, roadway section shape and roadway size, and the physical and mechanical parameters of the top plate include top plate lithology, uniaxial compressive strength, volume weight and elastic modulus; the formation occurrence characteristic parameters of the roadway roof and the physical and mechanical parameters of the roof are obtained by means of site survey and reference of mine geological data.
Further, the allowable sinking L of the roadway top plate0Determined by theoretical calculation or engineering analogy; taking a top plate separation amount threshold value as the allowable sinking amount L of the roadway top plate when the determination is carried out through engineering analogy0(ii) a By means of a theoretical meterCalculating allowable sinking L of tunnel top plate in definite time0The calculation is as follows:
In the formula, gamma is the volume weight of the rock stratum at the lower part of the top plate of the roadway; e is equivalent elastic modulus of a rock stratum at the lower part of the roadway top plate; d is the width of the roadway; h is0The thickness of the rock stratum at the lower part of the roadway top plate is the rock stratum within the roof bolt support range.
Further, the anchor cable performance test comprises a field drawing test and an indoor anchor cable lock body full-size drawing test; and the elongation in the relation curve of the tensile force and the elongation of the anchor cable is the elongation of the free section of the cable body of the anchor cable.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) The method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable on the top plate of the coal mine roadway fully considers the process of top plate sinking, anchor cable extension and anchor cable stress increase, and after pre-tightening and tensioning of the anchor cable, the allowable extension amount is adapted to the allowable sinking amount of the top plate, so that the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable is determined; the method can enable the anchor cable to fully exert the supporting-yielding combination effect, the high-prestress supporting of the anchor cable at the early stage regulates and controls the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, and the deformation and the pressure release are enabled to be convenient for the control of the surrounding rock at the later stage, so that the anchor cable is effectively prevented from being broken due to insufficient elongation in the continuous sinking process of the top plate, and the reasonable pre-tightening force is more beneficial to the exertion of the supporting performance of the anchor cable.
(2) According to the method, after the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened, the allowable elongation is determined by the yield elongation of the free section of the anchor cable lock body and the allowable sinking amount of the top plate, so that the stress state of the anchor cable is powerfully guaranteed to be in an elastic stage, and the anchor cable is prevented from being suddenly broken due to passive load disturbance after being in yield.
(3) The method also obtains the full-size actual support performance parameters of the anchor cable through an anchor cable limit drawing test and an anchor cable body tensile test, overcomes the defects of ground-determining parameters of theoretical calculation and small-size tests, enables the determined anchor cable pre-tightening force to be more in line with the actual field engineering, and is high in applicability.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the pre-tightening force of an anchor cable on a roof of a coal mine roadway;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between tensile force and elongation in example 2.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a specific embodiment of the method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable of the roof of the coal mine roadway provided by the invention is as follows.
In the process of mine anchor cable construction, the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable is generally determined by directly taking a value of 40-70% of the tensile breaking load of the anchor cable, the value range can meet the requirements of partial engineering, but the problem that the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable is smaller or larger can also exist. If the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable is smaller, an effective self-bearing structure cannot be formed, so that the supporting effect is poor; if the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable is larger, the anchor cable can be subjected to transitional stretching or uneven load to break; in order to reasonably determine the anchor cable pre-tightening force, a method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable on the top plate of the coal mine roadway is provided.
Example 1
The method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable of the roof of the coal mine tunnel comprises the following steps:
And A, acquiring formation occurrence characteristic parameters of a roadway roof and physical and mechanical parameters of the roof. The main parameters of the roadway roof strata include the direct roof thickness, the basic roof thickness, the roadway section shape, the roadway size and other related parameters, and the physical and mechanical parameters of the roof include the roof lithology, uniaxial compressive strength, volume weight, elastic modulus and other related parameters; the formation occurrence characteristic parameters of the roadway roof and the physical and mechanical parameters of the roof are obtained by means of site survey and reference of mine geological data. And particularly, carrying out on-site investigation on the roadway subjected to the anchor cable pre-tightening force design to obtain the occurrence characteristic parameters of the rock stratum of the top plate of the roadway and the physical and mechanical parameters of the top plate.
Step B, predicting the allowable sinking amount L of the roadway roof according to the rock stratum occurrence characteristic parameters of the roadway roof and the physical and mechanical parameters of the roof in the step A0. Allowable sinking L of roadway roof0determined by theoretical calculation or engineering analogy; taking a top plate separation threshold value as a lane when the determination is carried out through engineering analogyallowable sinking L of roof0(ii) a Determining allowable sinking amount L of top plate of roadway by theoretical calculation0The calculation is as follows:
In the formula, gamma is the volume weight of the rock stratum at the lower part of the top plate of the roadway; e is equivalent elastic modulus of a rock stratum at the lower part of the roadway top plate; d is the width of the roadway; h is0The thickness of the rock stratum at the lower part of the roadway top plate is the rock stratum within the roof bolt support range.
C, performing anchor cable performance test, wherein the anchor cable performance test comprises field drawing test and indoor anchor cable lock body full-size drawing test; obtaining a relation curve of the tensile force and the elongation of the anchor cable to obtain the ultimate drawing force F of the anchor cable0And elongation L when anchor cable lock body yieldsmaxAnd the ultimate drawing force of the anchor cable is the actual anchoring force of the anchor cable.
D, according to the principle that the anchor cable tension deformation and the top plate sinking are coordinated, the allowable elongation after the anchor cable is pre-tensioned and stretched is adapted to the allowable sinking amount of the top plate, the allowable elongation after the anchor cable is pre-tensioned and stretched, namely the allowable sinking amount of the top plate, is determined, and the maximum elongation L during the anchor cable tension pre-tensioning is calculated1＝Lmax-L0。
E, determining that the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened to reach the maximum elongation L according to the relation curve of the tension and the elongation of the anchor cable1the tension of the anchor cable is the pretightening force of the anchor cable; and the elongation in the relation curve of the tensile force and the elongation of the anchor cable is the elongation of the free section of the cable body of the anchor cable. The anchor cable pretightening force fully considers the anchoring process of roof sinking, anchor cable extension and anchor cable stress increase, the allowable extension amount of the tensioned anchor cable after pretightening and tensioning is matched with the allowable sinking amount of the roof, and the pretightening force is reasonably determined to be more favorable for the anchor cable to exert the supporting performance.
Example 2
In order to further explain the method for determining the pretightening force of the anchor cable on the roof of the coal mine roadway, a return air level roadway of a certain mine is taken as an example.
The section of a certain mine return air gallery is rectangularthe width and the height of the roadway are 5.4 multiplied by 3.6m, the roadway is supported by an anchor rod-anchor cable combination, the length of the anchor cable is 7.3m, the diameter of the anchor cable is 21.6mm, the arrangement mode is 3-3-3 rectangular arrangement, the row spacing is 2.0m, the designed anchoring force is 350kN, the anchoring length is about 2.0m, and the exposed end is 0.3 m. The roadway roof is sandy mudstone, the thickness is about 11.2-15.9 m, the uniaxial compressive strength is 19.8MPa, the elastic modulus is 2.58Gpa, and the volume weight is 22.3kN/m3。
Firstly, according to the geological condition of the tunnel engineering and the actual observation, determining that the separation threshold value of the roof of the tunnel on site is 80mm by a method of engineering analogy and calculation, so that the allowable sinking amount L of the roof of the tunnel0And taking 80 mm.
Secondly, an anchor cable is arranged in a roadway to be designed, an anchor cable drawing destructive test is carried out by using an anchor cable drawing testing device, the ultimate drawing force of the anchor cable is 517kN through testing, and the elongation L of the anchor cable in yielding is obtainedmaxIs 154 mm. The maximum elongation L of the anchor cable during tensioning and pre-tightening can be obtained by coordinating the tensioning deformation of the anchor cable with the sinking of the top plate1is 74 mm.
Finally, an anchor cable body drawing test device is used for carrying out a test, an anchor cable tension-elongation relation curve with the length of 5.0m (the length of a free section) is obtained, as shown in fig. 2, when the corresponding elongation is 88mm, the tension load of the cable body is 214kN, and the anchor cable pre-tightening force can be 200kN in consideration of the practicability of field supporting.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for determining the pretightening force of the anchor cable on the roof of the coal mine roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A, acquiring occurrence characteristic parameters of a roadway roof rock stratum and physical and mechanical parameters of a roof;
Step B, predicting allowable sinking L of the roadway roof0；
C, performing anchor cable performance test to obtain an anchor cableObtaining the ultimate drawing force F of the anchor cable according to the force-elongation relation curve0And elongation L when anchor cable lock body yieldsmax；
D, determining the allowable elongation after the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened, namely the allowable sinking amount of the top plate according to the principle that the anchor cable is tensioned and deformed and the top plate sinks in a coordinated manner, and calculating the maximum elongation L when the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened1＝Lmax-L0；
E, determining that the anchor cable is tensioned and pre-tightened to reach the maximum elongation L according to the relation curve of the tension and the elongation of the anchor cable1The tension of the anchor cable is the pretightening force of the anchor cable.
2. The method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable for the roof of the coal mine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the occurrence characteristic parameters of the rock stratum of the roof of the tunnel comprise direct roof thickness, basic roof thickness, cross section shape of the tunnel and tunnel size, and the physical and mechanical parameters of the roof comprise roof lithology, uniaxial compressive strength, volume weight and elastic modulus; and the occurrence characteristic parameters of the rock stratum of the roadway roof and the physical and mechanical parameters of the roof are obtained in a mode of site survey and consulting mine geological data.
3. The method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable of the roof of the coal mine tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the allowable subsidence L of the roof of the tunnel is L0Determined by theoretical calculation or engineering analogy; taking a top plate separation amount threshold value as the allowable sinking amount L of the roadway top plate when the determination is carried out through engineering analogy0(ii) a Determining allowable sinking amount L of top plate of roadway by theoretical calculation0The calculation is as follows:
in the formula, gamma is the volume weight of the rock stratum at the lower part of the top plate of the roadway; e is equivalent elastic modulus of a rock stratum at the lower part of the roadway top plate; d is the width of the roadway; h is0The thickness of the rock stratum at the lower part of the roadway top plate is the rock stratum within the roof bolt support range.
4. The method for determining the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable on the roof of the coal mine roadway according to claim 1, wherein the anchor cable performance test comprises a field drawing test and an indoor anchor cable lock body full-size drawing test; and the elongation in the relation curve of the tensile force and the elongation of the anchor cable is the elongation of the free section of the cable body of the anchor cable.
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| CN112989572A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for constructing mechanical model of force transmission mechanism of prestressed anchor cable with anchoring section penetrating through double stratums |
| CN112989572B (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Method for constructing force transmission mechanism model of prestressed anchor cable with anchoring section penetrating through double stratums |
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