CN110578601A - Variable compression ratio mechanism with movable connecting rod journal - Google Patents
Variable compression ratio mechanism with movable connecting rod journal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110578601A CN110578601A CN201910839451.7A CN201910839451A CN110578601A CN 110578601 A CN110578601 A CN 110578601A CN 201910839451 A CN201910839451 A CN 201910839451A CN 110578601 A CN110578601 A CN 110578601A
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- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- compression ratio
- brake disc
- brake
- variable compression
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
- F02B75/045—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable connecting rod length
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
- F02D15/02—Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
the invention provides a movable variable compression ratio mechanism of a connecting rod journal, which comprises: the eccentric device, the control motor, the big gear, the small gear, the crankshaft body and the connecting rod; the eccentric device is embedded in the big end of the connecting rod, and the big gear is fixedly connected with the eccentric device and is concentric with the shaft neck of the crankshaft body; the big gear is meshed with the small gear; the shaft of the pinion is an output shaft of the control motor, the control motor is fixedly connected with the crankshaft body, and when the eccentric device rotates, the center of the big end of the connecting rod is pushed to be close to or far away from the journal of the connecting rod, so that the compression ratio is changed. Compared with the scheme of changing the compression ratio of the existing multi-connecting-rod mechanism, (1) the invention has small occupied space and symmetrical swinging of the connecting rods, and effectively solves the problems of uneven stress of the piston, large abrasion of the cylinder body and the like; (2) the shaft neck of the connecting rod is changed, so that the problems of stress concentration, short service life and the like are avoided; (3) the rotation angle of the eccentric device is enlarged through the transmission of the motor output gear shaft and the large gear, and the problem of poor stability is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a movable variable compression ratio mechanical structure of an engine connecting rod journal.
background
The compression ratio represents the degree to which the gas in the cylinder is compressed when the piston moves from bottom dead center to top dead center. The compression ratio is one of the important parameters of the engine. The compression ratio of modern automobile engines is generally 8-11 due to the limitation of knocking on gasoline engines. The diesel engine has no knock limitation, and the compression ratio is generally 12-22. The compression ratio of the traditional engine is not variable, because the volume of a combustion chamber and the working volume of a cylinder are fixed parameters. The common turbocharged engine has hysteresis, and before the turbine is involved, the combustion efficiency of the engine is very low, and the power is poor. Increasing the compression ratio can make the turbine start pressure faster and the lag smaller, but the compression ratio is too high, which can make the turbocharged engine produce knocking at high speed and high load. With the variable compression ratio technology, the engine adopts a higher compression ratio when the engine rotates at a low speed and is loaded, so that the fuel economy is improved; when the engine is in high rotating speed and high load, a lower compression ratio is adopted, and under a high supercharging state, the stability is ensured and larger power is exerted. The variable compression ratio can also shorten the time for warming the vehicle in cold start and reduce the emission of harmful substances. But the difficulty is higher because the variable compression ratio involves the change of the whole engine structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of ensuring that the compression ratio of an engine is changed on the premise of not knocking the automobile engine and ensuring that the engine can achieve the best performance in all rotating speed ranges.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism which is simple in structure and good in platform adaptability, and can be mounted on an engine to effectively change the compression ratio of the engine.
the invention provides a movable variable compression ratio mechanism of a connecting rod journal, which comprises an eccentric device, a control motor, a large gear, a small gear, a crankshaft body and a connecting rod, wherein the large gear is connected with the control motor; the eccentric device is embedded into the big end of the connecting rod, and the big gear is fixedly connected with the eccentric device and is concentric with the shaft neck of the crankshaft body; the large gear is meshed with the small gear; the shaft of the pinion is an output shaft of a control motor, and the control motor is fixedly connected with the crankshaft body; when the eccentric device rotates, the center of the big end of the connecting rod is pushed to be close to or far away from the journal of the connecting rod, and then the compression ratio is changed.
Preferably, the mechanism further comprises a brake disc, a brake catch and a relay; the brake disc is disc-shaped, a through hole is formed in the center of the brake disc, sawteeth are arranged on the outer ring of the brake disc, and a shaft of the control motor penetrates through the through hole of the brake disc to be fixedly connected with the brake disc; when the relay is powered off, the brake catch bounces, penetrates through the saw teeth of the brake disc, blocks the brake disc from rotating, and locks the pinion; when the relay is electrified, the brake stop post retracts, and the control motor can rotate.
Preferably, the brake disc is a twelve-claw brake disc.
Preferably, the brake catch comprises a spring at the bottom of the brake catch, when the relay is powered off, the spring bounces, the brake catch blocks the brake disc from rotating, and the pinion shaft is kept static relative to the crankshaft and locked; when the relay is electrified, the spring is compressed, and the brake disc freely rotates.
Preferably, the mechanism further comprises a control system; the control system comprises an encoder, a comparator and a PID controller; and the position information of the control motor is detected by the encoder and fed back to the comparator to obtain deviation, and the deviation is used for adjusting output pulses to accurately control the motor through a PID controller.
Preferably, the control system is implemented by a DSP chip.
Preferably, the position information of the control motor is an output rotation angle of the control motor.
preferably, the position information of the motor may be obtained by using a hall sensor inside the brushless dc motor, or may be obtained by using a photoelectric encoder.
Preferably, the encoder is an incremental photoelectric encoder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention changes the compression ratio by adopting the mode that the connecting rod journal can move, can not sacrifice the power performance during acceleration while pursuing high compression ratio and high combustion efficiency, and has high efficiency, economy and power performance. The invention (1) changes the journal of the connecting rod, thereby avoiding the problems of stress concentration, short service life and the like when the position of the connecting rod, the piston pin or the piston which is stressed greatly is changed; (2) the eccentric device is embedded in the big end of the connecting rod, so that the circle center of the big end of the connecting rod can move close to or far away from the journal of the connecting rod along with the rotation of the eccentric device; (3) the gear set is equivalent to an amplifying mechanism, the rotation angle of the eccentric device is amplified through the transmission of the motor output gear shaft and the large gear, the problems that the design stability of a conventional mechanism for realizing eccentricity by multiple connecting rods is poor and the like are solved, and the mechanism is high in precision and good in stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a movable variable compression ratio mechanism with a journal of a connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the eccentric adjustment at the journal of the connecting rod shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical derivation architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional surface plot of ε, Δ n, and t in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional heat map of ε and Δ n, t in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of compression ratio as a function of the product of two parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a brake mechanism diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a brake disk of the braking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention in a locked state;
FIG. 9 is a schematic free state diagram of a brake disc of the braking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a feedback loop PID controller according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The variable compression ratio mechanical structure of the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and comprises an eccentric device 1, a large gear 2, a small gear 3, a crankshaft body 4 and a connecting rod 5, wherein the eccentric device 1 is embedded in the large head of the connecting rod 5, and the large gear 2 is fixedly connected with the eccentric device 1 and is concentric with the shaft neck of the crankshaft body 4; when the eccentric device 1 rotates, the center of the big head of the connecting rod 5 is pushed to be close to or far away from the journal of the connecting rod 5, so that the compression ratio is changed, the shaft of the pinion 3 is the output shaft of the control motor, and the control motor is fixedly connected with the crankshaft body 4.
The mechanical structure utilizes a big gear 2 to be meshed with a small gear 3 of a control motor output gear shaft coaxial with a crankshaft to change the rotating center distance, and further changes the position of a connecting rod 5 journal eccentric device. The large gear 2 is fixedly connected with an eccentric device, and the constraint relationship between the eccentric device 1 and the connecting rod 5 is a revolute pair; the pinion 3 shaft is the motor output shaft, and the motor is fixedly connected with the crankshaft.
Under the constant compression ratio, the motor does not work, namely the motor, the pinion 3, the gearwheel 2 and the eccentric device 1, the crankshaft is relatively static, and five components are degenerated into one component; under the working condition of adjusting the compression ratio, the motor works to drive the pinion 3 to make the pinion and the gearwheel 2 move relatively, so that the eccentric device 1 moves relative to the crankshaft, namely the equivalent eccentric distance of the crankshaft is changed.
The piston connecting rod 5 group of the engine is arranged in the cylinder body in a normal mode, the crankshaft is still arranged in a crankshaft main journal seat corresponding to the bottom of the cylinder through a crankshaft main journal, a valve actuating mechanism of the engine comprises an inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a rocker arm, a tappet rod, a camshaft, a cam timing gear and the like, a fuel supply system comprises an oil tank, an oil pump, a filter, an oil pipe, an air filter and the like, and other ignition systems, cooling systems, lubricating systems, starting systems and the like which maintain the normal operation of the engine are kept unchanged.
To simplify the problem, the actual engine combustion chamber top and piston top are approximated as a circular plane, and the derived reference parameter symbols are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 theoretical derivation of symbolic illustrations
distance unit: mm; unit of rotation speed: r/min;
as shown in fig. 3, point O is the center of the big end of the connecting rod 5, point O ' is the center of rotation of the crankshaft, point C is the center of the piston pin, point O is the reference circle of the bull gear 2, point O ' is the reference circle of the pinion gear 3, and point O ' inside is the track of the center of the outer contour of the eccentric device 1. Therefore, when the circle center of the outer contour of the eccentric device 1 is positioned at the point A, the eccentric distance of the mechanism is the largest, and the compression ratio is the largest; at point B, the eccentricity is minimized and the compression ratio is minimized.
Assuming that the crankshaft rotates counterclockwise in the structural diagram, the rotation speed of the pinion 3 does not exceed the rotation speed of the crankshaft at all times, i.e. n1≤n0。
When the compression ratio epsilon is constant, the big gear 2 and the small gear 3 are relatively static without transmission phenomenon, and n is at the moment0＝n1＝n2＝n2。
assuming that the engine is in a low-speed working condition to a high-speed working condition, the compression ratio is reduced to adapt to the working condition change, and the eccentric distance of the eccentric device 1 is reduced. Assuming that the initial eccentric distance is the maximum, the compression ratio is the maximum.
The motor is controlled to adjust the rotational speed of the pinion 3 to be behind a crankshaft Δ n, i.e. n1＝n0- Δ n, duration t.
The difference of the revolution number of the large gear 2 relative to the small gear 3 isthe rotation angle of the eccentric device 1 relative to the center of the rotating shaft isThen turn over by an angle after time t
equivalent eccentric distance of crankshaft
Substituting into the compression ratio formula
For example, cbr600, the structural parameters and design mechanism parameters are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 calculation data sheet
Matlab is used for drawing a curved surface graph of three parameters of compression ratio epsilon, rotating speed difference delta n and duration t, and the output results are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
From fig. 4 and 5, the compression ratio is periodically changed along with the rotation speed difference and the duration, and the rotation speed difference and the duration have symmetry according to the compression ratio expression, so that the product of the two parameters is taken as a whole to form a curve that the compression ratio is changed along with the product of the two parameters, such as fig. 6. From fig. 6, the compression ratio epsilon varies with the product of the speed difference and the duration, T × Δ n, with a minimum period of T × Δ n, 60i, 220 i
Under the given parameters, when the engine is adjusted from the maximum compression ratio to the minimum compression ratio, the product of the speed difference deltan of the crankshaft and the pinion 3 and the duration t needs to be controlled to be 110, namely, the crankshaft and the pinion 3 rotate relatively for 1.83 weeks. By design, the compression ratio is changed from constant 10.6 to adjustable, and can be adjusted between 8.5 and 14.1 at any rotating speed according to requirements.
The brake mechanism adopts the design mode of the relay 43, the twelve-claw brake disc 41 and the brake catch column 42 as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, and has the characteristic of simple structure. The braking and releasing can be realized by controlling the on-off of the relay 43. The twelve-claw brake disc 42 is fixed with the motor shaft and is provided with claws. The braking process is as follows:
When the compression ratio is kept unchanged, the relay 43 is powered off, the brake catch 42 is bounced by a spring at the bottom to block the twelve-claw brake disc 41 from rotating, and the pinion 3 shaft is kept static relative to the crankshaft and locked, so that the relative static of the big gear and the small gear is realized, as shown in fig. 8.
when the compression ratio is changed, the relay 43 is electrified, the spring is compressed, the twelve-claw brake disc 41 is free, the motor rotates, and the large gear and the small gear rotate relatively, as shown in fig. 9.
The control principle of the control system is shown in figure 10, the actual position is detected by an encoder and fed back to a comparator to obtain deviation, and the deviation is used for adjusting output pulses through a PID controller to accurately control the motor. According to the current technical development, a DSP, a singlechip or a discrete component can be adopted for general motor control. In consideration of the complexity of system implementation, the invention adopts a DSP chip which is easy to implement. The target output in the invention is the motor output rotation angle, namely the position information of the motor needs to be determined, and the target output can be realized by directly utilizing a Hall sensor in the brushless direct current motor and also utilizing a photoelectric encoder. Considering that the rotating speed of the crankshaft of the engine is high, a high-precision sensor is needed to detect the position and the speed of the motor, and therefore an incremental photoelectric encoder is selected. Because the environment at the crankshaft is severe and the interference signal is large, in order to improve the signal quality, the output signal of the encoder is firstly transmitted to the receiver through a related filter circuit.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to be illustrative only, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which will be defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A movable variable compression ratio mechanism of a connecting rod journal is characterized in that: the mechanism comprises an eccentric device, a control motor, a large gear, a small gear, a crankshaft body and a connecting rod; the eccentric device is embedded into the big end of the connecting rod, and the big gear is fixedly connected with the eccentric device and is concentric with the shaft neck of the crankshaft body; the large gear is meshed with the small gear; the shaft of the pinion is an output shaft of a control motor, and the control motor is fixedly connected with the crankshaft body; when the eccentric device rotates, the center of the big end of the connecting rod is pushed to be close to or far away from the journal of the connecting rod, and then the compression ratio is changed.
2. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanism further comprises a braking mechanism; the brake mechanism comprises a brake disc, a brake stop post and a relay; the brake disc is disc-shaped, a through hole is formed in the center of the brake disc, sawteeth are arranged on the outer ring of the brake disc, and a shaft of the control motor penetrates through the through hole of the brake disc to be fixedly connected with the brake disc; when the relay is powered off, the brake catch bounces, penetrates through the saw teeth of the brake disc, blocks the brake disc from rotating, and locks the pinion; when the relay is electrified, the brake stop post retracts, and the control motor can rotate.
3. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the brake disc is a twelve-claw brake disc.
4. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the brake catch column comprises a spring, the spring is arranged at the bottom of the brake catch column, when the relay is powered off, the spring bounces, the brake catch column blocks the brake disc to rotate, and the small gear shaft is kept static relative to the crankshaft and locked; when the relay is electrified, the spring is compressed, and the brake disc freely rotates.
5. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanism further comprises a control system; the control system comprises an encoder, a comparator and a PID controller; and the position information of the control motor is detected by the encoder and fed back to the comparator to obtain deviation, and the deviation adjusts output pulses through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller to accurately control the motor.
6. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: the control system is realized by a DSP chip.
7. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: and the position information of the control motor is the output rotation angle of the control motor.
8. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: the position information of the motor can be obtained by a Hall sensor in the brushless direct current motor and also can be obtained by a photoelectric encoder.
9. The connecting rod journal movable variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: the encoder is an incremental photoelectric encoder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910839451.7A CN110578601A (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Variable compression ratio mechanism with movable connecting rod journal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910839451.7A CN110578601A (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Variable compression ratio mechanism with movable connecting rod journal |
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| CN110578601A true CN110578601A (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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| CN201910839451.7A Pending CN110578601A (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Variable compression ratio mechanism with movable connecting rod journal |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112132329A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for predicting abrasion loss of crank link mechanism |
| CN114405806A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-29 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | System for controlling movement track of material feeding of vibrating screen, application and control method thereof |
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| CN102889142A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-01-23 | 沈大兹 | Variable compression ratio device with self-locking structure |
| CN106930831A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-07 | 陈光明 | Automatically controlled eccentric gear type variable compression ratio engine |
| CN207080287U (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-03-09 | 泸州职业技术学院 | A kind of variable compression ratio engine |
| CN207245854U (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-04-17 | 吉林大学 | A kind of eccentric shaft tile style variable compression ratio device |
| CN107943033A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏长虹机械设计院有限公司 | A kind of logistics delivery AGV trolleies |
| CN209177523U (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-07-30 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of placement rotating mechanism based on electromagnetism ferropexy |
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| CN2347829Y (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 1999-11-10 | 吴守林 | Anti-theft anti-robbing alarm device for motor vehicle |
| DE102008032665A1 (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-21 | Audi Ag | Device for changing compression ratio of internal combustion engine, has free wheel which is arranged between rotary drive and gear wheel, where rotary drive is speed controlled or speed regulated |
| CN102889142A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-01-23 | 沈大兹 | Variable compression ratio device with self-locking structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112132329A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for predicting abrasion loss of crank link mechanism |
| CN112132329B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2024-02-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method, system, equipment and medium for predicting wear amount of crank-connecting rod mechanism |
| CN114405806A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-29 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | System for controlling movement track of material feeding of vibrating screen, application and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191217 |
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