CN110578326A - manual hole digging pile structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

manual hole digging pile structure and construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110578326A
CN110578326A CN201910972460.3A CN201910972460A CN110578326A CN 110578326 A CN110578326 A CN 110578326A CN 201910972460 A CN201910972460 A CN 201910972460A CN 110578326 A CN110578326 A CN 110578326A
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China
Prior art keywords
pile
hole
circular arc
wall
grouting
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CN201910972460.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110578326B (en
Inventor
李永刚
徐福田
王妍
徐俊娥
王纪威
李振华
高星
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China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910972460.3A priority Critical patent/CN110578326B/en
Publication of CN110578326A publication Critical patent/CN110578326A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22Piles
    • E02D5/34Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of manual hole digging piles, and provides a manual hole digging pile structure and a construction method thereof. According to the invention, after the pile hole is excavated in sections, a retaining wall structure formed by pouring concrete is not adopted, the wall plate is directly used as an initial supporting and waterproof structure, the steel frame is positioned at the inner side of the wall plate and surrounds to form an integral circular ring to play a role of reinforcing the structure, and meanwhile, the steel frame is used as a framework main body for pouring concrete in the pile hole, and a reinforcement cage is not required to be arranged after the pile hole is excavated, so that the pile hole is formed at one time, and the problem of poor structural consistency caused by pouring concrete at different time periods can be avoided.

Description

Manual hole digging pile structure and construction method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manual hole digging piles, and particularly relates to a manual hole digging pile structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
the manual hole digging pile is one of important pile forming modes, has the characteristics of flexible pile body diameter, low cost, high construction efficiency and the like, and is commonly applied at present. The manual hole digging pile is formed by adopting a manual digging method to form a hole and pouring concrete, but the hole wall of the manual hole digging pile is easy to collapse in the digging process due to the adoption of a manual digging mode, so that great potential safety hazards exist. In the prior art, manual hole digging piles are excavated from top to bottom in a segmented mode in the construction process, in order to avoid collapse of hole walls, concrete retaining walls are poured after each segment is excavated, certain time is needed for forming the concrete retaining walls, the connection consistency of the upper concrete retaining wall and the lower concrete retaining wall is poor due to difference of pouring time of the concrete poured in segments, gaps are easy to exist between the upper concrete retaining wall and the lower concrete retaining wall, and finally the integral instability of the retaining wall structure of the manual hole digging piles is caused. In addition, in the section with abundant groundwater, a large amount of groundwater needs to be pumped and drained, and peripheral roads and pipelines are easy to settle, so that the construction of the retaining wall must be strictly controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a manual hole digging pile structure, which does not adopt a concrete pouring retaining wall structure, ensures the stability of the manual hole digging pile structure and prevents water seepage.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a manual hole digging pile structure comprises a pile hole which is excavated in sections from top to bottom, wherein a protective wall is arranged on the inner wall of the pile hole in sections from top to bottom, the protective wall comprises a cylindrical wall plate, the outer side of the wall plate is connected with the inner wall of the pile hole, and the inner side of the wall plate is connected with an annular steel frame; the wallboard is enclosed to close for a plurality of circular arc sections and constitutes, the steelframe split is the multistage and is connected with a plurality of the inboard of circular arc section.
Optionally, the pile structure further comprises a U-shaped fixing piece, mounting holes are formed in the circular arc sections, and the U-shaped fixing piece penetrates through the two adjacent mounting holes in the circular arc sections to be connected with the inner wall of the pile hole.
optionally, the wall plate is equally divided into four arc sections, and reinforcing rods are connected between the steel frames on any two arc sections.
optionally, the grouting device further comprises a grouting pipe, and grouting holes for the grouting pipe to penetrate through are uniformly formed in the arc section.
Optionally, the port of the grouting pipe is connected with a plugging cap in a matching manner, the steel frame is connected with the exposed part of the grouting pipe, and two adjacent steel frames are connected through welding.
The invention also aims to provide a construction method of the manual hole digging pile structure, which does not adopt a concrete-poured retaining wall structure, ensures the stability of the manual hole digging pile structure and prevents water seepage.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a construction method of a manual hole digging pile structure comprises the following steps:
A. excavating a soil body at the orifice of a pile hole to be constructed, and excavating downwards in a segmented manner layer by layer;
B. After the first section of pile hole is excavated, hanging and putting down the circular arc section from the hole opening, temporarily fixing the circular arc section and the inner wall of the pile hole, when the next section of circular arc section is hung and put down, enabling the U-shaped fixing piece to penetrate through the mounting hole to enable the two adjacent circular arc sections to be connected, and meanwhile connecting the circular arc section and the inner wall of the pile hole to finally finish the fixing of the wall plate;
C. Then, correspondingly connecting the steel frames with the arc sections, connecting reinforcing rods between the steel frames on any two arc sections, and reserving enough construction areas in the space surrounded by the reinforcing rods to facilitate tool transportation and personnel passing;
D. Excavating a next section of pile hole, repeating the step B, C to install a wall plate, a steel frame, a U-shaped fixing piece and a reinforcing rod, wherein two adjacent arc sections of the upper section and the lower section are also connected through the U-shaped fixing piece, and the two adjacent arc sections of the upper section and the lower section are arranged in a staggered manner;
E. And pouring the pile holes until the pile holes are completely excavated, continuously vibrating to discharge air in the pouring process, and forming the manual hole digging pile at one time.
The step B also comprises the following steps: before the wall plate is installed, spraying concrete to the inner wall of the pile hole, then installing the arc section, enabling the arc section to be fixedly connected with the inner wall of the pile hole in advance by concrete setting, after the wall plate is installed, spraying concrete to the joint of the two adjacent arc sections, and spraying concrete to the joint of the two adjacent arc sections in the upper section and the lower section in the step D.
The step C also comprises the following steps: after the wallboard is installed, a grouting pipe is obliquely driven downwards from a grouting hole in the circular arc section, the grouting pipe is annularly distributed on the inner wall of the pile hole, the grouting pipe is connected with a grouting pump through a grouting hose, grouting is started, a plugging cap is adopted to plug a port of the grouting pipe after grouting is completed, then the steel frame is hung on the exposed part of the grouting pipe, a fastening nut is started, a steel bar rod of the steel frame is tightly clamped by an included angle formed by the grouting pipe and the nut, and then the multi-section steel frame is connected into a whole.
The step A also comprises the following steps: and cleaning the site of the orifice of the pile hole to be constructed, measuring and positioning the orifice of the pile hole, and arranging a concrete guard ring at the orifice of the pile hole.
compared with the prior art, the wall protecting structure formed by pouring concrete is not adopted after the pile hole is excavated in sections, the wall plate is directly used as a primary supporting and waterproof structure, the steel frame is positioned at the inner side of the wall plate and is enclosed to form an integral circular ring to play a role of reinforcing the structure, and meanwhile, the steel frame is used as a framework main body for pouring concrete in the pile hole, and a reinforcement cage is not required to be arranged after the pile hole is excavated, so that the pile hole is formed at one time, and the problem of poor structural consistency caused by pouring concrete in different time periods can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the upper and lower arc sections;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a U-shaped fastener;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the grouting pipe and the steel frame.
Reference numerals:
1. Pile holes; 2. protecting the wall; 21. wall plates; 211. a circular arc section; 22. a steel frame; 23. a U-shaped fixing member; 24. a reinforcing rod; 3. a grouting pipe; 31. and (4) a plugging cap.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a manual hole digging pile structure, which comprises pile holes 1 excavated in sections from top to bottom, wherein the inner walls of the pile holes 1 are provided with retaining walls 2 in sections from top to bottom, after each section of pile hole 1 is excavated, the retaining walls 2 are used for supporting soil and preventing water seepage, each retaining wall 2 comprises a cylindrical wall plate 21, the outer side of each wall plate 21 is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding pile hole 1 for primary support, the inner side of each wall plate 21 is connected with an annular steel frame 22, each steel frame 22 plays a role in reinforcing support, and meanwhile, each steel frame 22 serves as a concrete pouring framework after the subsequent pile holes 1 are excavated.
compared with the prior art, the invention does not adopt a retaining wall structure formed by pouring concrete after the pile hole 1 is excavated in sections, the wall plate 21 is directly used as a primary support and waterproof structure, the steel frame 22 is positioned at the inner side of the wall plate 21 and enclosed to form an integral circular ring to play a role of reinforcing the structure, and meanwhile, the steel frame 22 is used as a framework main body for pouring concrete in the pile hole 1, and a reinforcement cage is not required to be arranged after the pile hole 1 is excavated, so that the pile hole 1 is formed at one time, and the problem of poor structural consistency caused by pouring concrete at different time intervals can be avoided.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the wall plate 21 is formed by enclosing a plurality of circular arc sections 211, and the steel frame 22 is divided into a plurality of sections connected to the inner sides of the plurality of circular arc sections 211.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the pile hole structure further includes a U-shaped fixing member 23, the circular arc sections 211 are provided with mounting holes, the circular arc sections 211 adjacent to each other on the same horizontal plane, the upper and lower adjacent circular arc sections 211 are connected together through the U-shaped fixing member 23, the circular arc sections 211 are connected with the inner wall of the pile hole 1, and in addition, the exposed portion of the U-shaped fixing member 23 may be connected with the steel frame 22 in a binding manner or in a welding manner.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the wall plate 21 is equally divided into four circular arc sections 211, and the reinforcing rods 24 are connected between the steel frames 22 on any two circular arc sections 211. Wallboard 21 should not be divided into more section, four circular arc sections 211 can, be convenient for operation and construction, the periphery soil body in stake hole 1 probably has the risk of collapsing, anchor strut 24 arranges between arbitrary two steelframes 22, prevent dado 2 inwards deformation, can set up some spaces between the steelframe 22 when the design and be convenient for anchor strut 24 to plant wherein directly support and lean on wallboard 21, can adopt ligature or welded mode to make anchor strut 24 be connected with steelframe 22 afterwards, anchor strut 24 should not be close to the center of stake hole 1 when arranging and arrange in addition, can influence subsequent construction operating space like this, should leave sufficient construction area and be convenient for instrument transportation and personnel and pass through.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the grouting pipe 3 is further included, and grouting holes for the grouting pipe 3 to pass through are uniformly formed on the circular arc section 211. The installation of circular arc section 211 has only played preliminary bracing and waterproof effect, and slip casting pipe 3 passes the periphery soil body of the oblique downward driving pile hole 1 of slip casting hole afterwards, and the space of the periphery soil body is filled in the beginning slip casting, has increased the structural stability of periphery soil body and has prevented collapsing, and the infiltration is avoided in further shutoff water route simultaneously, and some of slip casting pipe 3 can design into the frustum form, and after the slip casting finishes, continue to squeeze into slip casting pipe 3 and make this part totally block up the slip casting hole.
in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, after grouting is completed, the plugging cap 31 prevents cement slurry from overflowing; after the injected cement slurry is solidified, the grouting pipe 3 is also solidified and fixed at the moment, the steel frame 22 is hung and fixed by utilizing the exposed part of the grouting pipe 3, then the nut 32 is screwed down to be connected with the port of the grouting pipe 3, the end face of the nut 32 tightly props against the steel frame 22 to finish further fixing of the steel frame 22, the steel bar rod of the steel frame 22 is tightly clamped by the included angle formed by the grouting pipe 3 and the nut 32, the steel frame 22 can be fixed, the operation is simple and convenient, and then the multiple sections of the steel frame 22 are welded into a whole.
a construction method of a manual hole digging pile structure comprises the following steps:
A. cleaning a field at the orifice of the pile hole 1 to be constructed, measuring and positioning the orifice of the pile hole 1, arranging a concrete guard ring at the orifice of the pile hole 1, excavating a soil body at the orifice of the pile hole 1 to be constructed, and excavating downwards in sections layer by layer;
B. After the first section of pile hole 1 is excavated, spraying concrete to the inner wall of the pile hole 1, temporarily preventing water seepage, then installing the arc section 211, enabling the arc section 211 to be fixedly connected with the inner wall of the pile hole 1 in advance by concrete condensation, enabling the two adjacent arc sections 211 to be connected by a U-shaped fixing piece 23 penetrating through the installation hole, simultaneously connecting the arc section 211 with the inner wall of the pile hole 1, and finally completing the fixation of the wall plate 21, spraying concrete to the joint of the two adjacent arc sections 211, as shown in fig. 3, the two adjacent arc sections 211 can be installed in a clamping and embedding mode, namely the joint can be in a bent line shape or a curved shape, and the joint can be additionally provided with a sealing gasket and then sprayed with concrete or a sealing anti-seepage material to ensure that water seepage cannot occur;
C. After the wall plate 21 is installed, the grouting pipes 3 are obliquely and downwards driven into the grouting holes in the circular arc sections 211, the grouting pipes 3 are annularly distributed on the inner wall of the pile hole 1, the grouting pipes 3 are connected with a grouting pump through grouting hoses, grouting is started, the structural stability of peripheral soil bodies is improved, collapse is prevented, meanwhile, water channels are further blocked, water seepage is avoided, ports are completely blocked by blocking caps 31, as shown in fig. 5, the steel frame 22 is hung and fixed by utilizing the exposed parts of the grouting pipes 3, the end faces of the grouting pipes can extrude and fasten the steel frame 22 when the nuts 32 are screwed, and then the multi-section steel frames 22 are connected into a whole; the reinforcing rods 24 are arranged between any two steel frames 22, and enough construction areas are reserved in the space enclosed by the reinforcing rods 24 so as to facilitate tool transportation and personnel passing;
D. Excavating the next section of pile hole 1, repeating the step B, C to install the wall plate 21, the steel frame 22, the U-shaped fixing piece 23 and the reinforcing rod 24, connecting the two adjacent arc sections 211 of the upper section and the lower section through the U-shaped fixing piece 23, spraying concrete at the joint, adding a sealing gasket, and arranging the two adjacent arc sections 211 of the upper section and the lower section in a staggered manner, as shown in fig. 3, that is, the joint between the arc sections 211 of the upper section and the lower section is not overlapped, and the staggered arrangement increases the structural connection stability of the upper section and the lower section of the wall plate 21 to a certain extent;
E. And pouring the pile hole 1 until the pile hole 1 is completely excavated, continuously vibrating to discharge air in the pouring process, and forming the manual hole digging pile at one time.
finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a manual hole digging pile structure, includes stake hole (1) of top-down segmentation excavation, its characterized in that: the inner wall of the pile hole (1) is provided with a retaining wall (2) in sections from top to bottom, the retaining wall (2) comprises a cylindrical wall plate (21), the outer side of the wall plate (21) is connected with the inner wall of the pile hole (1), and the inner side of the wall plate (21) is connected with an annular steel frame (22); the wallboard (21) encloses for a plurality of circular arc sections (211) and closes and constitutes, steelframe (22) split is the multistage and is a plurality of the inboard of circular arc section (211) is connected.
2. the artificial dug pile structure of claim 1, wherein: still include U type mounting (23), the mounting hole has been seted up on circular arc section (211), U type mounting (23) pass adjacent two mounting hole on circular arc section (211) with the inner wall connection of stake hole (1).
3. The artificial dug pile structure of claim 1, wherein: the wallboard (21) is divided into four arc sections (211) equally, and reinforcing rods (24) are connected between steel frames (22) on any two arc sections (211).
4. The artificial dug pile structure of claim 1, wherein: the grouting device is characterized by further comprising a grouting pipe (3), and grouting holes for the grouting pipe (3) to penetrate through are uniformly formed in the arc section (211).
5. The artificial dug pile structure of claim 4, wherein: the port of the grouting pipe (3) is connected with a plugging cap (31) in a matching mode, the steel frames (22) are connected with the exposed part of the grouting pipe (3), and two adjacent steel frames (22) are connected through welding.
6. The artificial dug pile structure of claim 5, wherein: the port periphery of slip casting pipe (3) is connected with nut (32), nut (32) with steelframe (22) are contradicted and are connected.
7. a construction method of a manual hole digging pile structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. excavating a soil body at the orifice of the pile hole (1) to be constructed, and excavating downwards in a segmented manner layer by layer;
B. After a first section of pile hole (1) is excavated, hanging and lowering the circular arc sections (211) from the hole opening, temporarily fixing the circular arc sections (211) with the inner wall of the pile hole (1), when the next section of circular arc section (211) is hung and lowered, enabling the U-shaped fixing piece (23) to penetrate through the mounting hole to enable the two adjacent circular arc sections (211) to be connected, simultaneously connecting the circular arc sections (211) with the inner wall of the pile hole (1), and finally completing the fixing of the wallboard (21);
C. Then, the steel frames (22) are correspondingly connected with the arc sections (211), reinforcing rods (24) are connected between the steel frames (22) on any two arc sections (211), and enough construction areas are reserved in the space enclosed by the reinforcing rods (24) to facilitate tool transportation and personnel passing;
D. Excavating the next section of pile hole (1), repeating the step B, C to install the wall plate (21), the steel frame (22), the U-shaped fixing piece (23) and the reinforcing rod (24), connecting the upper and lower sections of adjacent arc sections (211) through the U-shaped fixing piece (23), and arranging the upper and lower sections of adjacent arc sections (211) in a staggered manner;
E. And pouring the pile holes (1) until the pile holes (1) are completely excavated, continuously vibrating to discharge air in the pouring process, and forming the manual hole digging pile at one time.
8. The construction method of a manual bored pile structure according to claim 7, wherein: the step B also comprises the following steps: before the wall plate (21) is installed, spraying concrete to the inner wall of the pile hole (1), then installing the circular arc section (211), enabling the circular arc section (211) to be fixedly connected with the inner wall of the pile hole (1) in advance through concrete setting, after the wall plate (21) is installed, spraying concrete to the joint of the two adjacent circular arc sections (211), and spraying concrete to the joint of the two adjacent circular arc sections (211) in the upper section and the lower section in the step D.
9. The construction method of a manual bored pile structure according to claim 8, wherein: the step C also comprises the following steps: after the wall plate (21) is installed, a grouting pipe (3) is obliquely and downwards driven into a grouting hole in the circular arc section (211), the grouting pipe (3) is annularly distributed on the inner wall of the pile hole (1), the grouting pipe (3) is connected with a grouting pump through a grouting hose, grouting is started, a port of the grouting pipe (3) is plugged by a plugging cap (31) after grouting is completed, then a steel frame (22) is hung on an exposed part of the grouting pipe (3), a fastening nut (32) is started, a steel bar rod of the steel frame (22) is tightly clamped by an included angle formed by the grouting pipe (3) and the nut (32), and then the multi-section steel frame (22) is connected into a whole.
10. the construction method of a manual bored pile structure according to claim 7, wherein: the step A also comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of cleaning a site at an orifice of a pile hole (1) to be constructed, measuring and positioning the orifice of the pile hole (1), and arranging a concrete guard ring at the orifice of the pile hole (1).
CN201910972460.3A 2019-10-14 2019-10-14 Manual hole digging pile structure and construction method thereof Active CN110578326B (en)

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CN110578326B CN110578326B (en) 2024-05-28

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113653069A (en) * 2021-09-09 2021-11-16 浙江省三建建设集团有限公司 Pre-tensioning method prestress supporting structure of deep foundation pit and construction method thereof

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JP2002317594A (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-10-31 Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd Pile hole excavating method, construction method for foundation pile, and soil adhering device to pile hole wall
CN107675704A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-02-09 贵州建工集团有限公司 A kind of artificial digging pile assembled retaining wall and its construction technology
CN107989034A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-05-04 浙江宏联建设有限公司 A kind of manually digging hole filling pile and its construction method
CN108385670A (en) * 2018-02-09 2018-08-10 温州嘉成工程项目管理有限公司 A kind of manually digging hole filling pile and its construction method
CN109183787A (en) * 2018-09-06 2019-01-11 上海宝冶集团有限公司 A kind of forming method of man-made digging pile mould-pipe
CN211285576U (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-08-18 中铁十六局集团有限公司 Manual hole digging pile structure

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002317594A (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-10-31 Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd Pile hole excavating method, construction method for foundation pile, and soil adhering device to pile hole wall
CN107675704A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-02-09 贵州建工集团有限公司 A kind of artificial digging pile assembled retaining wall and its construction technology
CN107989034A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-05-04 浙江宏联建设有限公司 A kind of manually digging hole filling pile and its construction method
CN108385670A (en) * 2018-02-09 2018-08-10 温州嘉成工程项目管理有限公司 A kind of manually digging hole filling pile and its construction method
CN109183787A (en) * 2018-09-06 2019-01-11 上海宝冶集团有限公司 A kind of forming method of man-made digging pile mould-pipe
CN211285576U (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-08-18 中铁十六局集团有限公司 Manual hole digging pile structure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113653069A (en) * 2021-09-09 2021-11-16 浙江省三建建设集团有限公司 Pre-tensioning method prestress supporting structure of deep foundation pit and construction method thereof

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