CN110578099B - Corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.25-0.35%, Si is less than or equal to 0.045%, A1: 2.0% -2.5%, Mn: 22.5-25%, P is less than or equal to 0.04%, Mo: 0.5% -2.0%, Cr: 6.0-10 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and is prepared by vacuum melting, bottom casting die casting, heating and rolling. According to the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, expensive Ni elements are replaced by adding elements such as P, Mo and Nb with lower price, the manufacturing cost is reduced, nickel resources are saved, P, Mo and Nb have corrosion resistance consistent with that of Ni for the non-magnetic steel, P can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel, Mo can improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of chromium-series non-magnetic steel, Nb has fine-grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening effects on the chromium-series non-magnetic steel, the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel are improved, and the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel meets the requirements of high cost performance and nickel resource saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The non-magnetic steel is also called non-magnetic steel and non-magnetic steel, is steel which has no ferromagnetism and can not be magnetized, belongs to austenite of Fe-Mn-Al-C series, has stable structure and excellent mechanical property, and the chemical composition of the non-magnetic steel determines the electromagnetic property. The non-magnetic steel is widely applied to the field of large and medium transformers, electromagnets, precision instruments and other equipment.
However, the non-magnetic steel is easily corroded and worn under the action of factors such as temperature, corrosive medium and mechanics for a long time, and further causes damage to equipment such as transformers and precision instruments. The corrosion resistance of the traditional non-magnetic steel is enhanced by adding alloy elements such as Cr, Ni and Mn, although nickel is an excellent corrosion-resistant material, the manufacturing cost of the non-magnetic steel is high due to the relative shortage and high price of the domestic nickel resources, so that the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel with high cost performance and nickel resource saving is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of easy corrosion and high cost of a corrosion-resistant component nickel.
The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.25-0.35%, Si is less than or equal to 0.045%, A1: 2.0% -2.5%, Mn: 22.5-25%, P is less than or equal to 0.04%, Mo: 0.5% -2.0%, Cr: 6.0-10%, Nb is less than or equal to 0.5%, Ti: 0.8-2.0 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In one embodiment, the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.26-0.31%, Si is less than or equal to 0.040%, A1: 2.2% -2.5%, Mn: 22.5-24.5%, P is less than or equal to 0.04%, Mo: 0.55-2.0%, Cr: 6.0-8.0%, Nb is less than or equal to 0.45%, Ti: 1.0-1.6 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In one embodiment, the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.035%, a 1: 2.5%, Mn: 22.5%, P: 0.04%, Mo: 1.8%, Cr: 7.5%, Nb: 0.42%, Ti: 1.4 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In one embodiment, the yield strength of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel is 440 MPa.
In one embodiment, the tensile strength of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel is 645 MPa.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel.
The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel comprises the following steps:
vacuum smelting: mixing raw materials according to the proportion of each chemical component in the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, and carrying out vacuum melting by using an electric furnace to obtain an ingot;
bottom pouring die casting: removing an oxide layer on the surface of the ingot after smelting, and melting to form a casting blank;
heating and rolling: rolling the casting blank at 1120-1200 ℃, and then cooling the casting blank in air to room temperature to prepare a hot rolled plate.
In one embodiment, the heating and rolling step further includes a tempering treatment, and the tempering treatment temperature is 500 ℃ to 650 ℃.
In one embodiment, in the vacuum melting step, the electric furnace is a vacuum induction melting furnace.
In one embodiment, the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is austenite grains with the grain size of 5-12 microns.
According to the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, expensive Ni elements are replaced by adding elements such as P, Mo and Nb with lower price, the manufacturing cost is reduced, nickel resources are saved, P, Mo and Nb have corrosion resistance consistent with that of Ni for the non-magnetic steel, P can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel, Mo can improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of chromium-series non-magnetic steel, Nb has fine-grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening effects on the chromium-series non-magnetic steel, the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel are improved, and the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel meets the requirements of high cost performance and nickel resource saving.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The invention provides corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.25-0.35%, Si is less than or equal to 0.045%, A1: 2.0% -2.5%, Mn: 22.5-25%, P is less than or equal to 0.04%, Mo: 0.5% -2.0%, Cr: 6.0 to 10 percent, Nb is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
The Carbon has double properties in the non-magnetic steel, on one hand, the strength of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel can be ensured, and simultaneously, the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is beneficial to forming and stabilizing an austenite structure, on the other hand, because the affinity of the Carbon and the chromium is very high, along with the increase of the Carbon content in the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, the chromium which forms carbide with the Carbon is more, and therefore, the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is obviously reduced. In order to enable the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel to have certain strength performance and corrosion resistance, the carbon content is controlled to be 0.25-0.35%, and preferably 0.26-0.31%.
Wherein, Si (Silicon) further plays a role in solid solution strengthening for the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel, can improve the corrosion resistance and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel, and simultaneously, a certain amount of Silicon is added into the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel, so that the resistivity of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel can be improved, and eddy current is reduced. The present invention controls the silicon content to not more than 0.045%, preferably not more than 0.040%.
The A1 (aluminum) is beneficial to solid solution of an austenite structure, prevents carbide from forming in the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, improves the non-magnetic property of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, and simultaneously, a proper amount of aluminum is added into the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, formed oxides are dispersed in the steel, thereby preventing the continuous growth of crystal grains when the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is heated, improving the hardenability and oxidation resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, and further improving the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel. The aluminum content is controlled to be 2.0-2.5%, preferably 2.2-2.5%.
The effect of Mn (Manganese) on the austenite structure is similar to that of Ni, namely the austenite structure of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel can be stabilized, so that the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel still has lower relative magnetic conductivity under higher magnetic field intensity, meanwhile, Mn can prevent the continuous growth of crystal grains when the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is heated, and the toughness of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is not reduced when the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is tempered and brittle, Mn can improve the hardenability of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, and reduce cracking, distortion, deformation and the like in the production process of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel. The manganese content of the invention is controlled to be 22.5-25%, preferably 22.5-24.5%.
Among them, P (Phosphorus) is an impurity element in general steel, but the harmfulness of P in austenitic steel is not as remarkable as that in general steel, and Phosphorus has a certain strengthening effect on the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and can improve the anti-atmospheric corrosion effect of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel. The phosphorus content is controlled to be not more than 0.04 percent.
The Molybdenum can improve the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel and prevent the corrosion of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel in a medium containing chloride ions and an organic acid environment. The content of molybdenum in the invention is controlled to be 0.5-2.0%, and preferably 0.55-2.0%.
Wherein, Cr (Chromium) and Fe form a continuous solid solution, Cr promotes the surface of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel to form a passive film, so that the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel in a corrosive environment, such as a nitric acid environment, is improved, and meanwhile, Cr can improve the wear resistance and oxidation resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel. The chromium content of the invention is controlled to be 6.0-10%, preferably 6.0-8.0%.
The Nb (Niobium ) can refine crystal grains, reduce the overheating sensitivity and the temper brittleness of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, improve the strength and the yield point of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, simultaneously improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance and the hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel at high temperature, and also prevent intergranular corrosion. The niobium content is controlled not to exceed 0.5%, preferably not to exceed 0.45% in the present invention. In order to further prevent intergranular corrosion, a certain content of Ti (Titanium) is added to the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, the Ti is a strong deoxidizer of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, the intergranular corrosion is prevented, meanwhile, the internal structure of the steel can be compact, crystal grains are refined, the aging sensitivity and the cold brittleness are reduced, and the welding performance is improved, wherein the content of the Ti is controlled to be 0.8-2.0%, and preferably 1.0-1.6%.
The corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel is austenite crystal grains with the grain size of 5-12 microns, expensive Ni elements are replaced by adding elements such as P, Mo and Nb with lower price, manufacturing cost reduction and nickel resource saving are achieved, meanwhile, both P, Mo and Nb have corrosion resistance consistent with that of Ni for the non-magnetic steel, P can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel, Mo can improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of chromium-series non-magnetic steel, Nb has fine grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening effects on the chromium-series non-magnetic steel, high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel are improved, and the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel achieves high cost performance requirements and nickel resource saving requirements.
A method for manufacturing a corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel according to an embodiment is one of the above corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steels, and includes the steps of:
vacuum smelting: mixing the raw materials according to the proportion of each chemical component in the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, and carrying out vacuum melting by using an electric furnace to obtain an ingot. Specifically, the electric furnace is a vacuum induction melting furnace, the iron raw material is melted into molten iron in a melting chamber of the vacuum induction melting furnace, and the molten iron is more than 80m3Introducing inert gas argon into the smelting chamber at a flow strength of/h until the pressure in the chamber reaches 0.50-0.70 Pa to be close to vacuum, removing rust and oil on the surfaces of other raw materials, then sequentially entering the smelting chamber from high to low according to melting points, and obtaining an ingot after melting and refining, wherein the smelting is carried out in a vacuum environment to avoid defects caused by ingot oxidation, such as air holes, slag holes, oxide slag inclusion, black points, pocking marks and the like, and removing impurity elements with steam pressure higher than that of each raw material at the smelting temperature through volatilization, and meanwhile, a certain deoxidizer is added into the smelting chamber to adjust the oxidability of molten steel and further avoid ingot oxidation.
Bottom pouring die casting: and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the ingot after smelting, and melting to form a casting blank. Specifically, the particles of the clamped objects in the molten steel are large and easy to float upwards, the deoxidizer or the impurity particles are oxidized by a small amount of oxygen in the electric furnace to form an oxide layer attached to the surface of the cast ingot, the oxide layer on the surface is removed by a slag scraper before the cast ingot is solidified, and the cast ingot is cast and cooled after being melted by the electric furnace at high temperature to obtain the cast ingot.
Heating and rolling: rolling the casting blank at 1120-1200 ℃, and then cooling the casting blank in air to room temperature to prepare a hot rolled plate. Specifically, a casting blank is subjected to high-temperature heat preservation for 2-3 hours and then is rolled by a hot rolling mill, the initial rolling temperature is controlled to be 1000-1120 ℃, the final rolling temperature is controlled to be 800-950 ℃, the casting blank is subjected to tempering treatment for 40-80 minutes after being subjected to hot rolling and then is cooled to room temperature in air, the tempering treatment temperature is controlled to be 500-650 ℃, the deformation and the cracking of a hot rolled plate are easily caused due to the existence of large internal stress of quenched steel, the tempering treatment can reduce the brittleness and eliminate or reduce the internal stress of the hot rolled plate, and the stability of the hot rolled plate in the aspects of specification, strength, hardness, plasticity, toughness and the like in the using process is ensured.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel has the advantages of simple operation process, easily obtained raw materials and low cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
The following are specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.035%, a 1: 2.5%, Mn: 22.5%, P: 0.04%, Mo: 1.8%, Cr: 7.5%, Nb: 0.42%, Ti: 1.4 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation steps of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel of the embodiment are as follows:
vacuum smelting: the iron raw material is melted into molten iron by a melting chamber of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and the molten iron is 90m3Introducing argon into the smelting chamber at a flow intensity of/h until the pressure in the chamber reaches 0.50-0.70 Pa to be close to vacuum, removing rust and oil on the surfaces of other raw materials, then sequentially entering the smelting chamber from high to low according to a melting point, stirring molten steel by argon, and carrying out power-on refining for 30 minutes to obtain cast ingots.
Bottom pouring die casting: and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the cast ingot by a slag scraper, then melting the cast ingot by an electric furnace at high temperature, and then pouring the casting powder for casting and cooling to obtain a cast ingot.
Heating and rolling: and (3) keeping the temperature of the casting blank at 1150 ℃ for 3 hours, rolling the casting blank by a hot rolling mill, controlling the initial rolling temperature at 1100 ℃, controlling the final rolling temperature at 800 ℃, carrying out tempering treatment on the casting blank after hot rolling, air-cooling the casting blank to room temperature, and controlling the tempering treatment temperature at 600 ℃.
Example 2
The embodiment provides corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.026%, a 1: 2.01%, Mn: 18.4%, P: 0.033%, Mo: 0.5%, Cr: 5.6%, Nb: 0.28%, Ti: 0.9 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation steps of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel of the embodiment are as follows:
vacuum smelting: the iron raw material is melted into molten iron by a melting chamber of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and the molten iron is 90m3Introducing argon into the smelting chamber at a flow intensity of/h until the pressure in the chamber reaches 0.50-0.70 Pa to be close to vacuum, and sequentially removing rust and oil from the surfaces of other raw materials according to the melting point from high to lowAnd (4) entering a smelting chamber, stirring the molten steel by argon, and performing electric refining for 30 minutes to obtain an ingot.
Bottom pouring die casting: and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the cast ingot by a slag scraper, then melting the cast ingot by an electric furnace at high temperature, and then pouring the casting powder for casting and cooling to obtain a cast ingot.
Heating and rolling: and (3) keeping the temperature of the casting blank at 1150 ℃ for 3 hours, rolling the casting blank by a hot rolling mill, controlling the initial rolling temperature at 1100 ℃, controlling the final rolling temperature at 800 ℃, carrying out tempering treatment on the casting blank after hot rolling, air-cooling the casting blank to room temperature, and controlling the tempering treatment temperature at 600 ℃.
Example 3
The embodiment provides corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.042%, a 1: 2.62%, Mn: 23.1%, P: 0.04%, Mo: 2.0%, Cr: 8.0%, Nb: 0.48%, Ti: 1.8 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation steps of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel of the embodiment are as follows:
vacuum smelting: the iron raw material is melted into molten iron by a melting chamber of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and the molten iron is 90m3Introducing argon into the smelting chamber at a flow intensity of/h until the pressure in the chamber reaches 0.50-0.70 Pa to be close to vacuum, removing rust and oil on the surfaces of other raw materials, then sequentially entering the smelting chamber from high to low according to a melting point, stirring molten steel by argon, and carrying out power-on refining for 30 minutes to obtain cast ingots.
Bottom pouring die casting: and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the cast ingot by a slag scraper, then melting the cast ingot by an electric furnace at high temperature, and then pouring the casting powder for casting and cooling to obtain a cast ingot.
Heating and rolling: and (3) keeping the temperature of the casting blank at 1150 ℃ for 3 hours, rolling the casting blank by a hot rolling mill, controlling the initial rolling temperature at 1100 ℃, controlling the final rolling temperature at 800 ℃, carrying out tempering treatment on the casting blank after hot rolling, air-cooling the casting blank to room temperature, and controlling the tempering treatment temperature at 600 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.035%, a 1: 2.50%, Mn: 22.5%, Cr: 7.5%, Ti: 1.4 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation steps of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel of the embodiment are as follows:
vacuum smelting: the iron raw material is melted into molten iron by a melting chamber of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and the molten iron is 90m3Introducing argon into the smelting chamber at a flow intensity of/h until the pressure in the chamber reaches 0.50-0.70 Pa to be close to vacuum, removing rust and oil on the surfaces of other raw materials, then sequentially entering the smelting chamber from high to low according to a melting point, stirring molten steel by argon, and carrying out power-on refining for 30 minutes to obtain cast ingots.
Bottom pouring die casting: and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the cast ingot by a slag scraper, then melting the cast ingot by an electric furnace at high temperature, and then pouring the casting powder for casting and cooling to obtain a cast ingot.
Heating and rolling: and (3) keeping the temperature of the casting blank at 1150 ℃ for 3 hours, rolling the casting blank by a hot rolling mill, controlling the initial rolling temperature at 1100 ℃, controlling the final rolling temperature at 800 ℃, carrying out tempering treatment on the casting blank after hot rolling, air-cooling the casting blank to room temperature, and controlling the tempering treatment temperature at 600 ℃.
Comparative example 2
The embodiment provides corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.035%, a 1: 2.50%, Mn: 22.5%, Cr: 7.5%, Ti: 1.4%, Ni: 2.26% and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation steps of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel of the embodiment are as follows:
vacuum smelting: the iron raw material is melted into molten iron by a melting chamber of a vacuum induction melting furnace, and the molten iron is 90m3Introducing argon into the smelting chamber at a flow intensity of/h until the pressure in the chamber reaches 0.50-0.70 Pa to be close to vacuum, removing rust and oil on the surfaces of other raw materials, then sequentially entering the smelting chamber from high to low according to a melting point, stirring molten steel by argon, and carrying out power-on refining for 30 minutes to obtain cast ingots.
Bottom pouring die casting: and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the cast ingot by a slag scraper, then melting the cast ingot by an electric furnace at high temperature, and then pouring the casting powder for casting and cooling to obtain a cast ingot.
Heating and rolling: and (3) keeping the temperature of the casting blank at 1150 ℃ for 3 hours, rolling the casting blank by a hot rolling mill, controlling the initial rolling temperature at 1100 ℃, controlling the final rolling temperature at 800 ℃, carrying out tempering treatment on the casting blank after hot rolling, air-cooling the casting blank to room temperature, and controlling the tempering treatment temperature at 600 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The embodiment provides 304 steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.03%, Si: 0.5%, Mn: 1.22%, P: 0.024%, S: 0.005%, Cr: 17.57%, Ni: 8.29 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Material property test 1:
TABLE 1
And (3) testing 2:
the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 and the 304 steel in comparative example 3 were cut into sample pieces with a thickness of 3mm and a mass of 30g, and after degreasing and decontamination of the surfaces, the sample pieces were immersed in 6% ferric trichloride solutions at normal temperature for 7 days and 15 days, respectively, after being taken out, the sample pieces were cleaned and air-dried for half an hour, and the mass of the sample pieces was recorded as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
And (3) testing:
the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 and the 304 steel of comparative example 3 were cut into sample pieces with a thickness of 3mm and a mass of 30g, and after degreasing and decontamination of the surfaces, the sample pieces were immersed in a 50% sulfuric acid solution and a 50% sodium hydroxide solution at normal temperature for 30 days, and after taking out, the sample pieces were cleaned and air-dried for half an hour, and the mass of each sample piece was recorded as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield strength and the tensile strength of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel prepared in the examples 1 to 3 are far greater than those of the steel prepared in the comparative example 1, close to those of the steel prepared in the comparative example 2 and far less than those of the steel prepared in the comparative example 3, so that on one hand, the contents of elements such as phosphorus, molybdenum, niobium and the like in a certain range are respectively in direct proportion to the yield strength and the tensile strength, and when the content of a certain element exceeds a limited proportion, ferrite is weakened, and further, the toughness; on the other hand, the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel prepared in the examples 1 to 3 has tensile property close to that of the original nickel-containing non-magnetic steel, and the side proves that the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel has bending resistance and tensile resistance of nickel in the same proportion when the phosphorus, the molybdenum and the niobium are mixed and added into the steel, and is larger than the bending resistance and tensile resistance of the 304 steel in the general comparative example 3, so that the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel has high strength, and the compression resistance and the deformation resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel ensure that equipment such as a transformer, a precision instrument and the like can be normally used under the action of external force.
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, compared with comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, the change mass difference of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 in a corrosion medium is far smaller than that of the blank group and 304 steel, which indicates that the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 have good corrosion resistance, compared with comparative example 2, the change mass difference of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 in a corrosion medium is slightly larger than that of the original nickel-containing non-magnetic steel, which indicates that the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 is slightly weaker than that of the original nickel-containing non-magnetic steel, which can replace the corrosion resistance of the original nickel-containing non-magnetic steel to a great extent, save nickel.
As can be seen from tables 1 to 3, the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel obtained in example 2 is most preferable among the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steels obtained in examples 1 to 3 in terms of bonding strength and corrosion resistance.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.25-0.35%, Si is less than or equal to 0.045%, A1: 2.0% -2.5%, Mn: 22.5-25%, P is less than or equal to 0.04%, Mo: 0.5% -2.0%, Cr: 6.0-10 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and is prepared by vacuum melting, bottom casting die casting, heating and rolling. According to the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, expensive Ni elements are replaced by adding elements such as P, Mo and Nb with lower price, the manufacturing cost is reduced, nickel resources are saved, P, Mo and Nb have corrosion resistance consistent with that of Ni for the non-magnetic steel, P can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel, Mo can improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of chromium-series non-magnetic steel, Nb has fine-grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening effects on the chromium-series non-magnetic steel, the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the non-magnetic steel are improved, and the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel meets the requirements of high cost performance and nickel resource saving.
Claims (7)
1. The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.30%, Si: 0.035%, a 1: 2.5%, Mn: 22.5%, P: 0.04%, Mo: 1.8%, Cr: 7.5%, Nb: 0.42%, Ti: 1.4 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel according to claim 1, wherein the yield strength of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel is 440 MPa.
3. The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel according to claim 1, wherein the tensile strength of the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel is 645 MPa.
4. A method for producing a corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
vacuum smelting: mixing raw materials according to the proportion of each chemical component in the corrosion-resistant non-magnetic steel, and carrying out vacuum melting by using an electric furnace to obtain an ingot;
bottom pouring die casting: removing an oxide layer on the surface of the ingot after smelting, and melting to form a casting blank;
heating and rolling: rolling the casting blank at 1120-1200 ℃, and then cooling the casting blank in air to room temperature to prepare a hot rolled plate.
5. The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel as claimed in claim 4, wherein said heating and rolling step further comprises a tempering treatment, and the temperature of said tempering treatment is 500 ℃ to 650 ℃.
6. The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel according to claim 4, wherein in the vacuum melting step, the electric furnace is a vacuum induction melting furnace.
7. The corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel according to claim 4, wherein the corrosion-resistant nonmagnetic steel is austenite grains having a grain size of 5 to 12 μm.
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