CN110576194B - Numerical control machining method for Glan hole on diesel engine cylinder body - Google Patents
Numerical control machining method for Glan hole on diesel engine cylinder body Download PDFInfo
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- CN110576194B CN110576194B CN201910922014.1A CN201910922014A CN110576194B CN 110576194 B CN110576194 B CN 110576194B CN 201910922014 A CN201910922014 A CN 201910922014A CN 110576194 B CN110576194 B CN 110576194B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control machining method of a Glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder body, which comprises the following steps: 1) mounting the facing head on a square ram of a machine tool, enabling the axis of the facing head to be concentric with the axis of the Glan hole, and enabling the gap between the end face of the tool nose and the end face of the Glan hole to be a; 2) the cutter rotates clockwise; 3) moving the sliding plate to enable the cutter point to be positioned to the starting point of the extension line of the outer chamfer; 4) the cutting of an outer chamfer, an outer straight hole, an outer taper hole, a middle straight hole, an inner taper hole, an inner straight hole and an inner chamfer is respectively finished through the feeding of a square ram of the machine tool and a sliding plate; 5) and (5) retracting the cutter. The invention not only reduces the tool investment cost, saves the tool changing time and the tool setting auxiliary time, lightens the labor intensity of workers, has good safety and low requirement on operators, but also has good tool rigidity, large feeding amount and high processing efficiency, can improve the processing efficiency by more than three times, simultaneously has stable and reliable cutting of the tool, can accurately control the processing size and improves the surface processing quality of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to numerical control machining of a marine diesel low-speed engine cylinder body, in particular to a numerical control machining method of a Glan hole in the marine diesel low-speed engine cylinder body, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining.
Background
The cylinder block is one of the important parts of the diesel low-speed engine, is an important part of the diesel engine, and directly influences the overall performance and the service life of the diesel engine due to the quality of the cylinder block. According to the functional design requirement of the diesel engine, the Glan hole 1 of the cylinder block is a multi-step hole, as shown in figure 1, the Glan hole consists of an outer chamfer 10, an outer straight hole 11, an outer conical hole 12, a middle straight hole 13, an inner conical hole 14, an inner straight hole 15 and an inner chamfer 16, and the structure is in a form that the hole diameters of two ends are small, the hole diameter of the middle is large, and the large hole and the small hole are transited through a large conical surface, so that the structure is very complex. The Glan hole can not be processed on a common machine tool, and when the Glan hole is processed on a numerical control machine tool by a traditional method, the general steps are as follows: 1. roughly boring the outer straight hole 11 and the inner straight hole 15 by using a rough boring cutter; 2. boring an outer straight hole 11 and an inner straight hole 15 by using a semi-fine boring cutter; 3. boring the outer straight hole 11 and the inner straight hole 15 by using a fine boring cutter; 4. milling an outer chamfer 10 by using a special formed spiral milling cutter in an arc interpolation way; 5. using a special formed spiral milling cutter to perform circular interpolation milling on an outer conical hole 12, a middle straight hole 13 and an inner conical hole 14; 6. the inner chamfer 16 is interpolated by a specially shaped helical milling cutter. According to the method, four cutters are selected during machining, the machining step can be completed in six steps, the cutter investment cost is high, the cutter changing time is long, the labor intensity is high, the operation is complex, the working efficiency is low, the cutter rigidity is poor, the requirement on the level of an operator is high, the size cannot be accurately controlled, and the machining quality is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a numerical control machining method for a Glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder body, which has the advantages of low cost, convenient operation, high machining efficiency and good machining quality.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a numerical control machining method for a Glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder block comprises the following steps:
1) mounting a fixed body of a facing head on a square ram of a machine tool;
2) quickly positioning to ensure that the axle center of the facing head is concentric with the axle center of the Glan hole;
3) the square ram of the machine tool is quickly positioned forwards, so that the gap between the end surface of the tool nose on the facing head and the end surface of the Glan hole is a;
4) starting the machine tool to enable the cutter to rotate in the clockwise direction;
5) moving a sliding plate on the facing head to quickly position the tool nose to a starting point A of the extension line of the outer chamfer;
6) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the outer chamfer;
7) the square ram of the machine tool continues to axially feed, and the sliding plate stops radially feeding to complete the cutting of the outer straight hole;
8) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the outer taper hole;
9) the square ram of the machine tool continues to axially feed, and the sliding plate stops radially feeding to finish the cutting of the middle straight hole;
10) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the inner taper hole;
11) the square ram of the machine tool continues to axially feed, and the sliding plate stops radially feeding to complete the cutting of the inner straight hole;
12) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the inner chamfer, and the end point is a point B of the distance B from the extension line of the inner chamfer to the outlet;
13) stopping the motion of the square ram of the machine tool, and moving the sliding plate to enable the rotating diameter of the tool nose to be smaller than the diameters of the inner straight hole and the outer straight hole;
14) stopping the sliding plate, and driving the facing head to quickly return to a safe distance by the square ram of the machine tool;
15) repeating the actions to finish the machining of the next cylinder block Glan hole;
16) and stopping the rotation of the main shaft of the machine tool, manually unloading the tool rest on the facing head and placing the facing head at the appointed position of the accessory head box.
The object of the invention is further achieved by the following technical measures.
In the numerical control machining method of the Glan hole on the cylinder block of the diesel engine, a in the step 3) is 4-6 mm.
In the numerical control machining method of the Glan hole on the cylinder block of the diesel engine, b in the step 12) is 9-12 mm.
In the numerical control machining method for the Glan hole on the cylinder block of the diesel engine, the rotating diameter of the cutter point in the step 13) is 2-4 mm smaller than the diameters of the inner straight hole and the outer straight hole.
The invention can simultaneously complete the processing of each geometric characteristic of the Glan hole on the cylinder body by only one time of feed of a special turning tool, thereby not only reducing the investment cost of the tool and saving the tool changing time and the tool setting auxiliary time, but also having simple and convenient operation, reducing the labor intensity of workers, having good safety, low requirement on operators, good rigidity of the tool, large feed quantity, high processing efficiency, being capable of improving the processing efficiency by more than three times, simultaneously being stable and reliable for cutting the tool, being capable of accurately controlling the processing size, greatly improving the surface processing quality of products and having good popularization.
Advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-restrictive description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a configuration of a gram bore in a cylinder block of a diesel engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention for machining a flange hole in a cylinder block of a diesel engine.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention uses a special tool, i.e., a facing head, to machine a glan hole 1 in a cylinder block. The facing head 2 includes a fixed body 21, a rotating body 22, a slide plate 23, a tool rest 24, and a turning tool 25. The fixed body 21 is mounted on the machine tool square ram 3, the rotating body 22 is connected to the fixed body 21, and the rotating body 22 is rotatable around the axis of the fixed body 21. The slide plate 23 is arranged on the dovetail groove of the rotating body 22 and can move along the radial direction of the dovetail groove, the slide plate 23 is controlled by a U shaft of a numerical control machine tool, the U shaft is driven by a servo motor to realize the radial movement of the slide plate 23, so that the rotating radius of a cutter is changed, the cutter rest 24 is arranged on the slide plate 23, and the turning cutter 25 is arranged on the cutter rest 24. The axial feed motion of the square ram 3 of the machine tool and the radial feed motion of the sliding plate 23 generate the two-axis compound motion of the turning tool 25, thereby realizing the processing of the inner and outer chamfers and the inner and outer inclined planes of the processed Glan hole 11. When the radial feed motion of the sliding plate 23 is stopped, namely the rotating radius is fixed, the axial feed motion of the machine tool square ram 3 can complete the processing of the cylindrical hole of the Glan hole 11, and when the machine tool sends a rotating command, the rotating body 22 drives the sliding plate 23 and the tool rest 24 to rotate.
Each step is controlled by a numerical control program.
A numerical control machining method for a Glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mounting a fixed body 21 of a facing head 2 on a square ram 3 of a machine tool;
2) quickly positioning to ensure that the axle center of the facing head 2 and the axle center of the gram hole 1 are concentric;
3) the square ram 3 of the machine tool is quickly positioned forwards, so that the gap a between the end face of the tool nose on the facing head 2 and the end face of the Glan hole 1 is 4-6 mm, in the embodiment, a is 5mm, and the tool feeding is facilitated;
4) starting the machine tool to enable the cutter to rotate in the clockwise direction;
5) moving the sliding plate 23 on the facing head 2 to quickly position the tool nose to the starting point A of the extension line of the outer chamfer 10;
6) the machine tool square ram 3 is axially fed, and meanwhile, the sliding plate 23 is radially fed to complete the cutting of the outer chamfer 10;
7) the machine tool square ram 3 continues to axially feed, the sliding plate 23 stops radially feeding, and the cutting of the outer straight hole 11 is completed;
8) the machine tool square ram 3 is axially fed, and meanwhile, the sliding plate 23 is radially fed to complete the cutting of the outer taper hole 12;
9) the machine tool square ram 3 continues to axially feed, the sliding plate 23 stops radially feeding, and the cutting of the middle straight hole 13 is completed;
10) the square ram 3 of the machine tool is axially fed, and meanwhile, the sliding plate 23 is radially fed to complete the cutting of the inner taper hole 14;
11) the machine tool square ram 3 continues to axially feed, the sliding plate 23 stops radially feeding, and the cutting of the inner straight hole 15 is completed;
12) the machine tool square ram 3 is axially fed, and meanwhile, the sliding plate 23 is radially fed to finish the cutting of the inner chamfer 16, the end point is a point B of the distance B from the extension line of the inner chamfer 16 to the outlet, B is 9-12 mm, and B is 10mm in the embodiment, so that the tool is convenient to retract;
13) the square ram 3 of the machine tool stops moving, the sliding plate 23 is moved, and the rotating diameter of the tool nose is 2 mm-4 mm smaller than the diameter of the inner straight hole and the outer straight hole, in the embodiment, the rotating diameter of the tool nose is 3mm smaller than the diameter of the inner straight hole and the outer straight hole, so that the facing head can conveniently return;
14) the sliding plate 23 stops moving, and the square ram 3 of the machine tool drives the facing head 2 to quickly return to a safe distance;
15) repeating the actions to finish the machining of the next cylinder block Glan hole;
16) and (3) stopping rotating the main shaft of the machine tool, manually unloading the tool rest 24 on the facing head 2, and placing the facing head 2 at the specified position of the accessory head box.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A numerical control machining method for a Glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mounting a fixed body of a facing head on a square ram of a machine tool;
2) quickly positioning to ensure that the axle center of the facing head is concentric with the axle center of the Glan hole;
3) the square ram of the machine tool is quickly positioned forwards, so that the gap between the end surface of the tool nose on the facing head and the end surface of the Glan hole is a;
4) starting the machine tool to enable the cutter to rotate in the clockwise direction;
5) moving a sliding plate on the facing head to quickly position the tool nose to a starting point A of the extension line of the outer chamfer;
6) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the outer chamfer;
7) the square ram of the machine tool continues to axially feed, and the sliding plate stops radially feeding to complete the cutting of the outer straight hole;
8) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the outer taper hole;
9) the square ram of the machine tool continues to axially feed, and the sliding plate stops radially feeding to finish the cutting of the middle straight hole;
10) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the inner taper hole;
11) the square ram of the machine tool continues to axially feed, and the sliding plate stops radially feeding to complete the cutting of the inner straight hole;
12) the square ram of the machine tool is axially fed, and simultaneously, the sliding plate is radially fed to finish the cutting of the inner chamfer, and the end point is a point B of the distance B from the extension line of the inner chamfer to the outlet;
13) stopping the motion of the square ram of the machine tool, and moving the sliding plate to enable the rotating diameter of the tool nose to be smaller than the diameters of the inner straight hole and the outer straight hole;
14) stopping the sliding plate, and driving the facing head to quickly return to a safe distance by the square ram of the machine tool;
15) repeating the actions to finish the machining of the next cylinder block Glan hole;
16) and stopping the rotation of the main shaft of the machine tool, manually unloading the tool rest on the facing head and placing the facing head at the appointed position of the accessory head box.
2. The numerical control machining method of a glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3), a is 4-6 mm.
3. The numerical control machining method of a glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 12), b is 9-12 mm.
4. The numerical control machining method of a glan hole on a diesel engine cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step 13), the rotating diameter of the cutter point is 2-4 mm smaller than the diameters of the inner straight hole and the outer straight hole.
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| CN201910922014.1A CN110576194B (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Numerical control machining method for Glan hole on diesel engine cylinder body |
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| CN201910922014.1A CN110576194B (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Numerical control machining method for Glan hole on diesel engine cylinder body |
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| CN110576194B true CN110576194B (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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| CN112139513B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-09-17 | 南京迈得特光学有限公司 | B-axis single-point turning free-form surface machining method based on machine tool |
| CN112974877B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2023-12-19 | 瓦房店轴承集团国家轴承工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Large wind power bearing ring machining method and cutter adopting composite cutting |
| CN113681031A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 宁夏共享精密加工有限公司 | Machining method and machining tool for special-shaped groove |
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| ES2004205A6 (en) * | 1986-02-01 | 1988-12-16 | Akebono Brake Ind | Caliper machining apparatus and method |
| JP2002066802A (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-03-05 | Komatsu Ltd | Method of turning eccentric position using nc lathe |
| AU2003231120A1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-10 | Cardemon Inc., D/B/A Car-Tec Company | Slidable boring tool with fine adjustment |
| CN103878390A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-25 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Method for machining inner hole key groove |
| CN104084648B (en) * | 2014-07-05 | 2017-07-21 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | One kind two is to rose reamer chamfer tool and its installation and application |
| CN204159882U (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-02-18 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | For instrument and the lathe of hole end surface chamfer machining |
| CN206854663U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-01-09 | 福州大学 | A kind of endoporus sphere machining tool |
| CN207414346U (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-05-29 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | A kind of flange processes gang tool |
| CN110102779B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-04-24 | 江门市本丰精密机械有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle cylinder shell machining device, using method thereof and unmanned aerial vehicle cylinder shell |
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Address after: 212211 No. 402, Changjiang Road, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: China Shipbuilding Power Zhenjiang Co.,Ltd. Address before: 402 Changjiang Road, Runzhou District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: CSSC MARINE POWER Co.,Ltd. |