CN110575630A - A hydrogel fireproof hood that blocks smoke - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogel fireproof headgear for blocking smoke, which belongs to the technical field of fireproof products, and comprises a fireproof headgear body, a face mask is provided on the face of the fireproof headgear body, and a Shawl; the eyes of the mask are embedded with fireproof lenses, the nose of the mask has a two-layer structure, including a breathable layer close to the human body, and the outer layer is a high-temperature resistant fireproof layer, and the breathable layer and the outer layer pass through The remaining part of the mask is a single-layer structure, that is, a high-temperature resistant fireproof layer; except for the mask, the rest of the fireproof headgear is a three-layer structure, including the inner layer of fireproof cloth lining on the side close to the human body layer, the middle layer is a hydrogel heat insulation layer, and the outer layer is a high-temperature-resistant fireproof layer. The inner layer and the middle layer, and the middle layer and the outer layer are all connected by suture connecting lines. Wearing this hood can effectively prevent smoke, dust and poisonous gas, increase the success rate of escape, and protect the personnel's head from fire erosion.

Description

A hydrogel fireproof hood that blocks smoke

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof products, in particular to a hydrogel fireproof headgear for blocking smoke.

Background technique

In social life, fire has become a frequent disaster that threatens public safety and endangers people's lives and property. According to statistics, about 10,000 fires occur every day in the world, killing more than 2,000 people and injuring 3,000-4,000 people. The direct property loss caused by fires every year reaches more than 1 billion yuan. Especially the catastrophic vicious fires that can directly cause tens or hundreds of deaths at one time occur continuously, causing huge losses to the lives and properties of the country and the people.

At present, the main causes of death caused by fire can be divided into 5 categories: (1) suffocation death by inhalation of toxic fumes, (2) death by direct fire, (3) death caused by crowding, (4) improper escape methods lead to Death, (5) death by fright. Statistics show that casualties caused by hypoxia and smoke damage account for 50%-80% of the total number of fire deaths.

Smoke is very harmful to the human body. Because carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide and other gases have strong complexation with human hemoglobin, oxygen loses the complexation with hemoglobin, and people will die due to lack of oxygen. Death by chemical asphyxiation occurs after inhalation of carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide and cyanide. The affinity between carbon monoxide and hemoglobin is 210 times greater than that of oxygen. When the content of carbon monoxide in the air reaches 0.1%, 50% carboxyhemoglobin and 50% oxyhemoglobin will be formed in the blood, resulting in severe carbon monoxide poisoning. Among them, when the concentration of carbon monoxide reaches 1.28 %, a person dies instantly in 3 minutes in such an environment. In the fire scene, the oxygen content in the flue gas will be much lower than 21% within a few minutes, and the carbon monoxide content will be much higher than 0.1%, which can cause death in a short time; After that, it will quickly combine with cytochrome oxidase to generate cyanide ferric cytochrome oxidase, which will make cytochrome lose the ability to transfer electrons, interrupt the respiratory chain, cell death, and cause people to suffocate and die.

In recent years, various fire-proof and flame-resistant products have been widely used in all aspects of today's society, such as: fire-proof boards on the inner layers of building walls, fire-proof doors at entrances and exits, fire-proof roller shutters, and fire-proof clothing for firefighters. The purpose of these materials is to block the fire and high temperature, strive for the golden time of escape and rescue, and protect the safety of personnel and property. The most common fireproof products themselves can be directly made of flame-resistant materials, or a layer of fire-resistant paint can be coated on the surface of the product to form a protective layer to increase the flame-resistant effect of the product. However, for those waiting for rescue, fire suits are not readily available, and although the fireproof panels and fire doors of buildings can resist high temperatures for a certain period of time, if the fire source is not extinguished as soon as possible, the fire will continue to burn too much. For a long time, it will still be burned, which may cause personal injury. How to improve the survival rate of people trapped in the fire and even reduce the chance of firefighters who are rescued in the fire are the problems that the industry wants to achieve.

Fire prevention is one of the important equipment to protect the personal safety of firefighters who are active in the front line of firefighting. It is not only an indispensable item in the fire rescue scene, but also a fireproof appliance to protect firefighters from injury. Therefore, various materials, the fireproof clothing of style, fireproof blanket, fireproof hood have been developed, but they all also have certain deficiency. Traditional fireproof clothing can effectively prevent the burning of fires and has a high insurance factor, but the clothing is bulky and time-consuming to wear, which may miss the best time to escape. It is very easy to cause stuffiness, which may cause blood vessels to dilate in the lower limbs, blood stasis, and fainting. In addition, this type of fireproof clothing is expensive, which is not conducive to popularization and use. The fire blanket is simple and effective in the face of small fires, but the insurance factor is low in the actual fire escape process and cannot provide effective protection. The fireproof hood can effectively protect the head from being burned, and is easy to wear, and has high practical significance in the actual escape process. However, most of the current fireproof hoods do not prevent smoke and dust and filter poisonous gas. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a new type of heat insulation that is light, smoke-proof, and gas-proof, and can reduce casualties caused by fire.

Hydrogel materials have a cross-linked network cross-linked molecular network structure. They have a large water absorption capacity, strong water retention capacity, and good compactness. The hydrogel insulation pad has excellent water retention and heat insulation properties even under heat Well, it can be seen that they have their own unique advantages in terms of heat insulation. The patent (CN 101560300A) uses superabsorbent resin and fiber cloth as the main materials to prepare a superabsorbent resin gel that can block heat sources. After this type of fireproof clothing contacts the water source, it can store a large amount of water in the superabsorbent resin, making the material It has excellent heat insulation and fire prevention effects, but there are two problems with this kind of material: (1) it needs to be soaked in water for a period of time before use, which may lose the best escape time; (2) the The fireproof clothing cannot effectively block the damage of the smoke to the human body, and the smoke enters the human respiratory tract along the upper ventilation part, causing casualties. Especially the second problem, if it is not well resolved, it will be difficult to promote the development of current fireproof clothing and other materials, and it will not be possible to fully guarantee the personal safety of the people trapped in the fire.

Contents of the invention

For the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hydrogel fireproof headgear that blocks smoke, and introduces a hydrogel heat insulation layer, which well solves the defects of brittle texture and poor abrasion resistance of other fireproof products. , the hydrogel material has a rich and dense polymer network system, which makes it have good heat insulation and smoke and dust insulation capabilities. Once a fire occurs, wearing this headgear can effectively prevent smoke, dust, poisonous gas, increase the success rate of escape, and protect the environment. The head of the person is not eroded by the fire.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A hydrogel fireproof hood for blocking smoke, comprising a fireproof hood body, the face of the fireproof hood body is provided with a mask, and a shawl is arranged around the neck of the fireproof hood body; the eyes of the mask are embedded with fireproof Lens, the nose position of the mask is a two-layer structure, including a breathable layer close to the human body side, the outer layer is a high temperature resistant fireproof layer, the breathable layer and the outer layer are connected by suture connecting lines, the rest of the mask It is a single-layer structure, that is, a high-temperature-resistant fireproof layer; except for the mask, the rest of the fireproof headgear is a three-layer structure, including the inner layer of fireproof cloth lining on the side close to the human body, and the middle layer is a hydrogel heat insulation layer , the outer layer is a high temperature resistant fireproof layer, the inner layer and the middle layer, and the middle layer and the outer layer are all connected by suture connecting lines.

Preferably, the high-temperature-resistant fireproof layer is made of aluminum foil composite glass fiber, with a thickness of 1-2mm, which can effectively block the erosion of flames and prevent head injuries.

Preferably, the fireproof lens is a PVC visual fireproof lens with a thickness of 1mm. The use of the fireproof lens ensures that the fireproof headgear is a whole, and no air leakage occurs, and the transparent lens can enable the fugitives to observe the fire ahead and the road. s Choice.

Preferably, the air-permeable layer is any one of fire-resistant filter cotton and flame-retardant filter sponge, which can effectively isolate part of the harmful gas and smoke in the air, and in addition, it does not affect the normal breathing of the user while being fully closed.

Preferably, the hydrogel heat insulation layer is acrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 2-5 mm. The hydrogel material can absorb a large amount of heat and can make the fireproof headgear contain a large amount of water. In addition, the water After the gel loses water, it can absorb water again to prolong the safety time in the fire scene; in addition, the hydrogel material is used as the shawl of the fireproof headgear, which can effectively bond with the human skin or clothing to ensure that the headgear will not fall off and prevent harmful infiltration of gas.

Preferably, the suture connecting thread is made of aramid fiber.

Preferably, the inner lining layer of the fireproof cloth is made of viscose fiber with a thickness of 2-4mm, which improves the wearing comfort and makes the fireproof clothing have good hygroscopicity and good air permeability.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are manifested in:

1. Visualization: The fire-proof hood has a visual fire-proof lens, which can ensure that people trapped in the fire can observe the fire ahead and quickly choose the escape route;

2. Breathable: The fireproof hood has a breathable layer, which can effectively isolate most of the harmful gases and smoke in the air, ensure the normal breathing of the trapped people in the fire scene, and prevent syncope or poisoning, which can greatly reduce the fire death rate;

3. Good airtightness: the fireproof hood is a semi-closed fireproof hood, and is equipped with a hydrogel shawl, which can be tightly attached to the human body or the surface of clothing, effectively preventing the infiltration of smoke and dust, and fully ensuring personal safety;

4. High fire resistance coefficient: The outer layer of the fireproof headgear uses the reflective layer of aluminum foil composite glass fiber to reflect most of the heat, the middle layer uses the hydrogel heat insulation layer to absorb a large amount of heat, and the inner layer uses aramid fiber woven The thermal conductivity of the fiber insulation layer is low, which further enhances the performance of flame retardancy and heat insulation;

5. High convenience: When a fire occurs, put it on the head in the correct direction to play a role.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of hydrogel fireproof headgear of blocking smoke of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the internal three-layer structural representation of Fig. 1 fire-resistant hood except the remaining part except the mask;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal two-layer structure of the nose part of the mask in Fig. 1 .

In the figure: 1. Fireproof headgear body; 2. High temperature resistant fireproof layer; 3. Mask; 4. Fireproof lens; 5. Nose position; 6. Hydrogel heat insulation layer; inner lining.

Detailed ways

For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

A kind of hydrogel fireproof headgear that blocks smoke, comprises fireproof headgear body 1, the face of described fireproof headgear body 1 is provided with mask, and the neck of described fireproof headgear body 1 is provided with shawl; The position is embedded with a fireproof lens 4, and the nose position 5 of the mask is a two-layer structure, including a breathable layer close to the human body side, and the outer layer is a high temperature resistant fireproof layer 2, and the breathable layer and the outer layer are connected by a suture connecting line 7 , the remaining part of the mask is a single-layer structure, that is, the high-temperature resistant fireproof layer 2; the fireproof headgear is except the mask, and the rest is a three-layer structure, including an inner layer of fireproof cloth inner lining 8 close to the human body side, The middle layer is a hydrogel heat insulation layer 6 , and the outer layer is a high-temperature-resistant fireproof layer 2 , and the inner layer and the middle layer, and the middle layer and the outer layer are all connected by suture connecting lines 7 .

The high temperature resistant fireproof layer 2 is made of aluminum foil composite glass fiber material with a thickness of 1-2 mm. The fireproof lens 4 is a PVC visual fireproof lens with a thickness of 1 mm. The air-permeable layer is any one of fireproof filter cotton and flame-retardant filter sponge. The hydrogel heat insulation layer 6 is acrylamide and carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel with a thickness of 2-5mm. The suture connection line 7 is made of aramid fiber material. The fireproof cloth inner lining layer 8 is made of viscose fiber, with a thickness of 2-4mm.

When a fire breaks out and the fugitives wear the fire-resistant clothing in a high-temperature environment and in dense smoke, the outer high-temperature-resistant fire-resistant layer 2 can make the fire-resistant clothing have an excellent flame-retardant effect and avoid serious damage to the fire-resistant clothing caused by high temperatures. The hydrogel heat insulation layer 6 used in the middle layer can absorb a large amount of heat. At the same time, the aramid fiber material used in the suture connection line 7 has a low thermal conductivity, which can avoid the impact of high temperature on the human body, and further enhances the flame retardancy and heat insulation performance. The fireproof cloth inner liner 8 of viscose fiber material has improved the comfort and breathability of this fireproof clothing; In addition, the most important aspect is that the breathable layer can effectively block harmful gases and smoke in part of the air. While being closed, it does not affect the normal breathing of the user. The fireproof lens 4 is selected from the PVC visual fireproof lens, and its thickness is 1mm. The use of the fireproof lens 4 ensures that the fireproof headgear is a whole without air leakage, and the transparent lens can make the The fugitives were able to observe the fire ahead, as well as the choice of way. The use of the fireproof hood can effectively block the burn of the flame, prevent the erosion of the smoke, prolong the safety time of the personnel in the fire scene, and can be used as an emergency escape suit and a protective hood for firefighters in the event of a fire.

The above content is only an example and description of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them in similar ways, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention. Or beyond the scope defined in the claims, all should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The hydrogel fireproof headgear capable of blocking smoke is characterized by comprising a fireproof headgear body, wherein a face mask is arranged on the face of the fireproof headgear body, and a cape is arranged around the neck of the fireproof headgear body; the mask comprises a mask body, a fireproof lens, a mask cover and a mask, wherein the mask body is provided with a plurality of eye parts, the eye parts of the mask body are embedded with the fireproof lens, the nose parts of the mask body are of a two-layer structure and comprise a breathable layer close to one side of a human body, the outer layer is a high-temperature-resistant fireproof layer, the breathable layer is connected with the outer layer through a sewing connecting line, and the rest; except the face mask, the other parts of the fireproof headgear are of three-layer structures, the fireproof headgear comprises an inner-layer fireproof cloth inner liner layer close to one side of a human body, the middle layer is a hydrogel heat-insulating layer, the outer layer is a high-temperature-resistant fireproof layer, and the inner layer and the middle layer, and the middle layer and the outer layer are connected through sewing connecting lines.

2. The hydrogel fireproof headgear capable of blocking smoke according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature resistant fireproof layer is made of aluminum foil and glass fiber composite material, and the thickness of the high temperature resistant fireproof layer is 1-2 mm.

3. The hydrogel fireproof headgear for blocking smoke according to claim 1, wherein the fireproof lens is a PVC visual fireproof lens with a thickness of 1 mm.

4. the hydrogel fireproof headgear for blocking smoke according to claim 1, wherein the air permeable layer is any one of fireproof filter cotton and flame retardant filter sponge.

5. the smoke-blocking hydrogel fire-retardant headgear according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogel thermal insulation layer is acrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel and has a thickness of 2-5 mm.

6. The smoke-blocking hydrogel fire-retardant headgear of claim 1 wherein the suture connecting line is of aramid fiber.

7. The hydrogel fireproof headgear for blocking smoke according to claim 1, wherein the lining layer of the fireproof cloth is made of viscose fiber and has a thickness of 2-4 mm.