CN115107338A - Fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes - Google Patents

Fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115107338A
CN115107338A CN202210783371.6A CN202210783371A CN115107338A CN 115107338 A CN115107338 A CN 115107338A CN 202210783371 A CN202210783371 A CN 202210783371A CN 115107338 A CN115107338 A CN 115107338A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
fire
fibers
fabric
fireproof
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210783371.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
兰其勇
程有冬
张毅
张登厚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sichuan Lihuoshengfu Technology Co ltd
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Sichuan Lihuoshengfu Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210783371.6A priority Critical patent/CN115107338A/en
Publication of CN115107338A publication Critical patent/CN115107338A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/003—Fire-resistant or fire-fighters' clothes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/262—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a woven fabric layer
    • B32B5/263—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a woven fabric layer next to one or more woven fabric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/265—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
    • B32B5/266—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/04—Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes, which sequentially comprises a fireproof layer, a heat insulation layer and a cooling layer from outside to inside, wherein the fireproof layer is a blended layer formed by blending preoxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers; the heat insulation layer is made of a composite material consisting of aerogel, pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers; the cooling layer is made of a composite material consisting of hydrogel and hydrophilic fibers. The fireproof fabric provided by the invention has good fireproof, heat-insulating and breathable effects, and the whole weight is light.

Description

Fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting materials, in particular to a fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes.
Background
The fire-fighting clothing is an important barrier for protecting the life safety of firefighters when encountering various fires, and the improvement of the overall thermal protection performance and the fire resistance of the fire-fighting clothing is of great importance. The firefighter uniform is one of important equipment for protecting the personal safety of firefighters who are active in the first line of fire protection, and is not only an indispensable necessity in a fire rescue scene, but also a fireproof tool for protecting the bodies of the firefighters from being injured. Therefore, the firefighter uniform suitable for rescue activities on fire scenes is particularly important, and the firefighter uniform is developed along with the change of times. With the change of urban structure, the development of high-rise and deep buildings, large-scale firefighter uniform and highly informative society and the appearance of remarkable technical innovation, the fire causes also tend to be complicated and diversified at a time. Firefighters are important tools used by firefighters to protect the body while performing a fire fighting activity.
And current fire-entry suit when using, can not maintain the sustained combustion in flame, and the thermal-insulated effect that keeps warm is poor, and then can limit the practical environment of fire-entry suit, and the weight of fire-entry suit is heavier, and then the fire fighter can make fire fighter work tired out than because the fire-entry suit is heavier when wearing the fire-entry suit and carrying out the during operation. The fire scene generally has strong heat conduction, heat convection and heat radiation, and the heat insulation layer is used as a heat protection material and is arranged between a heat source and human skin, so that the damage of high temperature and radiant heat generated by the heat source to the human body can be reduced to the minimum, and the heat insulation layer plays an important role in the comprehensive heat protection performance of the firefighter uniform, and therefore the fire-fighting uniform has good heat protection performance, such as flame retardance, heat insulation, thermal stability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the conventional firefighter uniform cannot maintain continuous combustion in flame, is poor in heat preservation and insulation effects, and can cause a firefighter to work tired due to the fact that the firefighter uniform is heavy in weight.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a fire-proof fabric for fire-fighting clothing comprises a fire-proof layer, a heat-insulating layer and a cooling layer from outside to inside in sequence, wherein the fire-proof layer is a blended layer formed by blending pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers; the heat insulation layer is made of a composite material consisting of aerogel, pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers; the cooling layer is made of a composite material consisting of hydrogel and hydrophilic fibers.
Further optionally, the blended layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% -63% of pre-oxidized fibers, 17% -22% of ceramic fibers and 15% -20% of carbon fibers.
The pre-oxidized fiber adopts the existing pre-oxidized fiber product, has excellent thermal stability, does not melt, soften and shrink, does not have molten drops during combustion, and belongs to a quasi-non-combustible product; the heat insulation effect is good, and the heat insulation material is acid and alkali corrosion resistant, chemical environment resistant and radiation resistant; the fabric has the advantages of light weight, softness, good water absorption, small strength of pre-oxidized fiber, oxygen index of more than 45 percent, more preferably oxygen index of more than 59 percent, and easy embrittlement after combustion. The conventional fireproof suit is made of aramid fiber, the aramid fiber fireproof suit cannot enter a fire scene, and the pre-oxidized fiber is flame-retardant in flame at 800 ℃, the continuous combustion time and the smoldering time are both 0s, and the fireproof suit can resist the fire at 800 ℃, exceed 800 ℃ or generate oxidation.
The ceramic fiber is a non-combustible material, and has large weight, so that the whole weight of the fire-proof suit can be increased if the ceramic fiber has large content, and the whole weight of the fire-proof suit is directly increased; if the content is too small, the overall fire-retardant effect is reduced.
The carbon fiber adopts the existing carbon fiber product, the carbon fiber increases the strength of the fabric, the pre-oxidized fiber has small strength, the carbon fiber blended fabric increases the strength, the carbon fiber belongs to a non-combustible material, the fabric blended and woven by the three materials has the characteristics of three fibers, the integral breaking strength can reach 1300N, the oxygen index can reach 48%, and the weight of the fabric is about 300 g.
The fire-proof layer is made of woven fabric, and the heat-insulating layer is made of non-woven fabric. The carbon fibers and the ceramic fibers are designed in the fireproof layer and are mainly used for increasing the strength, the flame retardant effect of the carbon fibers and the ceramic fibers is better than that of pre-oxidized fibers, the carbon fibers and the ceramic fibers have a non-combustible property, but the cost is higher, and the weight of the ceramic fibers is larger; and the flame retardant effect of preoxidized fiber is better, and the cost is lower, therefore this application through the optimal design formula, the flame retardant coating that obtains has excellent effect of putting on fire, and the gram weight is lower, and the cost is better.
Further optionally, the composite material of the thermal insulation layer comprises, by mass: 2% -5% of aerogel, 60% -65% of pre-oxidized fiber, 15% -20% of ceramic fiber and 15% -20% of carbon fiber.
Wherein, aerogel content is crossed lowly then thermal-insulated effect price difference, and content is too high, then influences the shaping, finally can the whole fire prevention of greatly reduced, thermal-insulated effect.
Further optionally, the aerogel comprises one or more of a silica aerogel, a ceramic aerogel, a graphene aerogel.
The aerogel adopts current silica aerogel, ceramic aerogel, graphite alkene aerogel etc. and the preferred silica aerogel that adopts has fire-retardant thermal-insulated high temperature resistant characteristics. The non-combustible or flame-retardant material adopts a combination of pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers. The oxygen index of the heat-insulating layer is more than 41, the limiting oxygen index is more than 45 percent, and the gram weight of the heat-insulating layer is 350g/m 2 -500g/m 2 And the thickness is between 1mm and 3 mm.
Further optionally, the composite material of the cooling layer comprises 20-35% of hydrogel and 75-80% of hydrophilic fiber by mass percentage. The gram weight of the cooling layer is 100g/m 2 -200g/m 2 。
Further optionally, the hydrogel is one or more of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylate and polyacrylamide.
Further optionally, the grammage of the fire-blocking layer is 250g/m 2 -350g/m 2 And/or the grammage of the thermal insulation layer is 350g/m 2 -500g/m 2 。
Further optionally, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is 1mm-3mm, and/or the thickness of the composite material of the cooling layer is 2mm-5 mm.
Further optionally, the composite material of the cooling layer has an inner layer covered with a waterproof material and an outer layer covered with a hydrophobic material; and a water guide pipe is arranged in the composite material.
The composite material of hydrogel and hydrophilic fiber is used as the main structure of the cooling layer, and the hydrophilic fiber is one or more of flame-retardant vinylon, flame-retardant viscose and flame-retardant cotton. The hydrogel is made of one or more of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylate and polyacrylamide, the inner layer of the composite material is covered with a waterproof fabric, the outer layer of the composite material is covered with a hydrophobic fabric, the thickness of the composite material is 2mm-5mm, aqueducts with the pipe diameter of 0.2mm-2mm are distributed in the composite material, the composite material is cooled and cooled when in use, after heat is transferred through pre-oxidized fibers, the residual temperature is 80 ℃, and the temperature reduction layer can ensure that the internal temperature does not exceed 30 ℃ and the water content is more than 80%.
Further optionally, the fabric further comprises a comfort layer, wherein the comfort layer is made of a one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material.
The one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material is adopted as a comfort layer, and the one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material is the existing product. The moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing fabric has the characteristic of discharging the wet sweat generated by a body to the outer layer, is naturally hydrophilic, and is skin-friendly and comfortable. Has the proper moisture regain of 1.4-2.0%, namely, has the characteristics of fast diffusion and fast evaporation when meeting moisture. The static electricity is low, the wearing itching feeling is reduced, the static electricity is prevented from twining, the hand feeling is soft, the modulus is reduced by 20 percent compared with that of the common spandex with the same specification, and the softness of the fabric is greatly improved. Moreover, the material is lighter, so that the working personnel can feel more comfortable when wearing the firefighter uniform, the weight of the firefighter uniform cannot be too heavy, and the fatigue of the firefighter is reduced.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by optimally designing the components and the formula of each layer, the fireproof performance of the fabric can be improved, the integral breaking strength can be improved, the integral weight can be reduced, and the effect of integrating light weight, high mechanical property and fireproof function is realized.
2. The fireproof fabric provided by the invention can work in a short time under the condition of entering a fire (the temperature is more than 1000 ℃) and can work in a fire scene (400-800 ℃) for more than 4 hours. And the heat insulation effect is good, and the temperature of the inner side of the fabric is only about 28 ℃ under the environment condition that the external temperature is 200-500 ℃. The overall breaking strength can reach 1300N, the oxygen index can reach 48%, the fabric is light, and the overall weight is about 300 g.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a fire prevention surface fabric is taken in fire control, outside-in is flame retardant coating, insulating layer, cooling layer and comfortable layer in proper order, and comfortable level lies in the inlayer of pressing close to human skin department promptly, and the flame retardant coating lies in the outmost of keeping away from human skin, and concrete each layer design is as follows:
(1) and (3) a fireproof layer: the blended layer is formed by blending pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers. The blended layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% pre-oxidized fibers, 20% ceramic fibers and 20% carbon fibers.
The preoxidized fiber is polyacrylonitrile preoxidized fiber, the ceramic fiber is aluminum silicate fiber, and the modulus of the carbon fiber is between 310GPa and 395 GPa.
The aim of fire prevention and flame retardance is achieved by optimally designing the proportion relation of the components, and meanwhile, the weight of the fire-fighting clothing is reduced. And the adoption of preoxidized fiber has excellent wear resistance, beautiful appearance and long service life.
(2) Heat insulation layer: the composite material is composed of aerogel, pre-oxidized fiber, ceramic fiber and carbon fiber. The composite material of the heat insulation layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of pre-oxidized fibers, 20% of ceramic fibers and 20% of carbon fibers; 2% aerogel relative to the face fabric. Remarking: 60% of pre-oxidized fibers, 20% of ceramic fibers and 20% of carbon fibers are integrated and are made of a fabric. 2% of aerogel is a whole, and the amount of the aerogel accounts for 2% of the mass of the fabric.
The aerogel adopts silicon dioxide aerogel, the pre-oxidized fiber adopts polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidized fiber, the ceramic fiber adopts aluminum silicate fiber, and the modulus of the carbon fiber is between 310GPa and 395 GPa.
(3) The cooling layer is made of a composite material consisting of hydrogel and hydrophilic fibers. The composite material of the cooling layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% hydrogel with 80% hydrophilic fibers.
The hydrogel is polyacrylic acid hydrogel, and the hydrophilic fiber is flame-retardant cotton; the composite material is coated with a waterproof material on the inner layer and a hydrophobic material on the outer layer, and aqueducts with the pipe diameter of 0.2mm are distributed in the composite material. The thickness of the composite material was 0.5 mm.
(4) The comfortable layer is made of one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material, and is made of POD fabricGrammage 150g/cm 2 The POD flame-retardant fabric has excellent wearing comfort and close-fitting comfort, and achieves better wearing comfort through moisture absorption and sweat releasing after-treatment.
Table 1 example 1 sample performance testing
Figure BDA0003730693850000041
Figure BDA0003730693850000051
Example 2
This embodiment provides a fire prevention surface fabric is taken in fire control, outside-in is flame retardant coating, insulating layer, cooling layer and comfortable layer in proper order, and comfortable level lies in the inlayer of pressing close to human skin department promptly, and the flame retardant coating lies in the outmost of keeping away from human skin, and concrete each layer design is as follows:
(1) and (3) a fireproof layer: the blended layer is formed by blending pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers. The blended layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 63% pre-oxidized fibres, 17% ceramic fibres and 20% carbon fibres.
The preoxidized fiber is polyacrylonitrile preoxidized fiber, the ceramic fiber is aluminum silicate fiber, and the modulus of the carbon fiber is between 310GPa and 395 GPa.
The aim of fire prevention and flame retardance is achieved by optimally designing the proportion relation of the components, and meanwhile, the weight of the fire-fighting clothing is reduced. And the adoption of preoxidized fiber has excellent wear resistance, beautiful appearance and long service life.
(2) Heat insulation layer: the composite material is composed of aerogel, pre-oxidized fiber, ceramic fiber and carbon fiber. The composite material of the heat insulation layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the fabric consists of 63% of pre-oxidized fibers, 17% of ceramic fibers and 20% of carbon fibers; 2% aerogel relative to the face fabric. Remarking: 63% of the pre-oxidized fibers, 17% of the ceramic fibers and 20% of the carbon fibers are integrated and are made of a fabric. 2% of aerogel is a whole, and the amount of the aerogel accounts for 2% of the mass of the fabric.
The aerogel adopts silicon dioxide aerogel, the pre-oxidized fiber adopts polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidized fiber, the ceramic fiber adopts aluminum silicate fiber, and the modulus of the carbon fiber is between 310GPa and 395 GPa.
(3) The cooling layer is made of a composite material consisting of hydrogel and hydrophilic fibers. The composite material of the cooling layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% hydrogel with 80% hydrophilic fibers.
The hydrogel is polyacrylic acid hydrogel, and the hydrophilic fiber is flame-retardant cotton; the composite material is characterized in that the inner layer is coated with a waterproof material, the outer layer is coated with a hydrophobic material, and aqueducts with the pipe diameter of 0.2mm are distributed in the composite material. The thickness of the composite material was 0.5 mm.
(4) The comfortable layer is made of one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material, specifically POD fabric with a gram weight of 150g/cm 2 The POD flame-retardant fabric has excellent wearing comfort and close-fitting comfort, and achieves better wearing comfort through moisture absorption and sweat releasing after-treatment.
Table 2 example 2 sample testing
Figure BDA0003730693850000061
Example 3
This embodiment provides a fire prevention surface fabric is taken in fire control, outside-in is flame retardant coating, insulating layer, cooling layer and comfortable layer in proper order, and comfortable level lies in the inlayer of pressing close to human skin department promptly, and the flame retardant coating lies in the outmost of keeping away from human skin, and concrete each layer design is as follows:
(1) and (3) a fireproof layer: the blended layer is formed by blending pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers. The blended layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65% pre-oxidized fibers, 15% ceramic fibers and 20% carbon fibers.
The preoxidized fiber is polyacrylonitrile preoxidized fiber, the ceramic fiber is aluminum silicate fiber, and the modulus of the carbon fiber is between 310GPa and 395 GPa.
The aim of fire prevention and flame retardance is achieved by optimally designing the proportion relation of the components, and meanwhile, the weight of the fire-fighting clothing is reduced. And the adoption of preoxidized fiber has excellent wear resistance, beautiful appearance and long service life.
(2) Heat insulation layer: the composite material is composed of aerogel, pre-oxidized fiber, ceramic fiber and carbon fiber. The composite material of the heat insulation layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the fabric consists of 65% of pre-oxidized fibers, 15% of ceramic fibers and 20% of carbon fibers; 2% aerogel relative to the face fabric. Remarking: 65% of the pre-oxidized fibers, 15% of the ceramic fibers and 20% of the carbon fibers are integrated and are made of a fabric. 2% of aerogel is a whole, and the amount of the aerogel accounts for 2% of the mass of the fabric.
The aerogel adopts silicon dioxide aerogel, the pre-oxidized fiber adopts polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidized fiber, the ceramic fiber adopts aluminum silicate fiber, and the modulus of the carbon fiber is between 310GPa and 395 GPa.
(3) The cooling layer is made of a composite material consisting of hydrogel and hydrophilic fibers. The composite material of the cooling layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% hydrogel with 80% hydrophilic fibers.
The hydrogel is polyacrylic acid hydrogel, and the hydrophilic fiber is flame-retardant cotton; the composite material is coated with a waterproof material on the inner layer and a hydrophobic material on the outer layer, and aqueducts with the pipe diameter of 0.2mm are distributed in the composite material. The thickness of the composite material was 0.5 mm.
(4) The comfortable layer is made of one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material, specifically POD fabric with a gram weight of 150g/cm 2 The POD flame-retardant fabric has excellent wearing comfort and close-fitting comfort, and achieves better wearing comfort through moisture absorption and sweat releasing after-treatment.
Table 3 example 3 sample performance testing
Figure BDA0003730693850000071
From example 3, it is clear that the pre-oxidized fiber content increased (to 65%), the oxygen index decreased, and the breaking strength decreased.
Control test 1
The contrast test provides a fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes, namely a nylon flame-retardant fabric.
Control experiment 2
The contrast test provides a fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothing, namely an aramid 1414 flame-retardant fabric.
Control experiment 3
The comparison test provides a fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothing, namely an aramid 1313 flame-retardant fabric.
Performance testing
1. The test method comprises the following steps:
(1) gram weight: according to GB/T4669-2008.
(2) Limiting oxygen index: according to GB/T5454-1997.
(3) Breaking strength: according to GB/T3923.1-2003.
(4) And (3) testing the heat insulation effect: according to GB/T22588-2008.
(5) And (3) testing the combustion performance: according to GB/T5455-2014.
2. Test results
(1) The grammage, limiting oxygen index, breaking strength and insulation effectiveness tests are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0003730693850000081
(2) The results of the combustion performance test are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Figure BDA0003730693850000082
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes comprises a fireproof layer, a heat insulation layer and a cooling layer from outside to inside in sequence,
the fireproof layer is a blended layer formed by blending preoxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers;
the heat insulation layer is made of a composite material consisting of aerogel, pre-oxidized fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers;
the cooling layer is made of a composite material consisting of hydrogel and hydrophilic fibers.
2. The fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 1, wherein the blended layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% -63% of pre-oxidized fibers, 17% -22% of ceramic fibers and 15% -20% of carbon fibers.
3. The fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 1, wherein the composite material of the heat-insulating layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% -5% of aerogel, 60% -65% of pre-oxidized fiber, 15% -20% of ceramic fiber and 15% -20% of carbon fiber.
4. The fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 3, wherein the aerogel comprises one or more of silica aerogel, ceramic aerogel and graphene aerogel.
5. The fireproof fabric for firefighter uniform according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the composite material of the cooling layer is 25-30% of hydrogel and 70-80% of hydrophilic fiber by mass.
6. The fireproof fabric for firefighter uniform according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogel is one or a combination of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic ester and polyacrylamide.
7. The fireproof fabric for firefighter uniform according to claim 1, wherein the grammage of the fireproof layer is 250g/m 2 -350g/m 2 And/or the grammage of the thermal insulation layer is 350g/m 2 -500g/m 2 。
8. The fire-proof fabric for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 1mm-3mm, and/or the thickness of the composite material of the cooling layer is 0.3mm-0.5 mm.
9. The fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 7, wherein the composite material of the cooling layer is covered with the waterproof material at the inner layer and the hydrophobic material at the outer layer; and a water guide pipe is arranged in the composite material.
10. The fire-resistant fabric for fire-fighting clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a comfort layer, wherein the comfort layer is made of a one-way moisture absorption and sweat releasing material.
CN202210783371.6A 2022-07-05 2022-07-05 Fireproof fabric for fire-fighting clothes Pending CN115107338A (en)

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