CN110575205B - Skin sampling device that public health and preventive medicine used - Google Patents

Skin sampling device that public health and preventive medicine used Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110575205B
CN110575205B CN201910833757.1A CN201910833757A CN110575205B CN 110575205 B CN110575205 B CN 110575205B CN 201910833757 A CN201910833757 A CN 201910833757A CN 110575205 B CN110575205 B CN 110575205B
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China
Prior art keywords
sampling
skin
handle
public health
preventive medicine
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CN110575205A (en
Inventor
齐宝宁
纪明睿
王嘉欣
徐守竹
赵晶
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Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine
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Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0266Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0283Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/80Implements for cleaning or washing the skin of surgeons or patients
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36014External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
    • A61N1/36021External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes for treatment of pain

Abstract

The invention relates to a skin sampling device, which comprises a handle shell (1) and a sampling shell (3), wherein a controller (2) is arranged on the outer side of the handle shell (1), the sampling shell (3) is provided with a through hole (4), an electrode (5) is arranged on the front end surface, an air cylinder (11) is arranged in the handle shell (1), a sliding plate (13) is connected on an air cylinder rod (12), a driving motor (14) is fixed on the sliding plate (13), a snap female joint (16) is installed on an output shaft (15), a first snap sub-joint (17) and a second snap sub-joint (18) are arranged in a handle shell (1), the first snap sub-joint (17) is connected with one end of a first connecting rod (19), the second snap sub-joint (18) is connected with one end of a second connecting rod (20), a first operating rod (8) is arranged on the first connecting rod (19), a sampling drill bit (21) is arranged at the other end of the first operating rod, and a second operating rod (9) and a cleaning head (22) are arranged at the other end of the second connecting rod (20). It can easily realize skin sampling.

Description

Skin sampling device that public health and preventive medicine used
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, relates to a medical device for public health and preventive medicine, and more particularly relates to a skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine.
Background
In the field of public health and preventive medicine, it is generally necessary to perform sampling, and to perform inspection and analysis on the sampling results, so as to obtain corresponding results, and to make corresponding public health and preventive measures.
Among them, skin diseases are a general term for diseases occurring in the skin and skin appendages. The skin is the largest organ of the human body, the skin diseases are not only various, but also diseases occurring in various internal organs can be shown on the skin. The skin diseases caused by various reasons, such as skin diseases caused by infection factors, such as leprosy, scabies, mycosis, skin bacterial infection and the like, have certain infectivity, not only affect the physical health, but also cause panic and social discrimination. However, with the improvement of living standard and scientific and technological progress of people, infectious diseases such as leprosy and the like are obviously controlled all over the world, and other internal and external factors causing skin diseases, such as mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, endocrine, immunity and the like, are more and more valued by people at present.
Medical care often requires the diagnosis of a patient's condition by examining the skin. But skin sample mainly carries out the manual cutting through medical staff at present and gets the skin, and this kind of mode has increased medical personnel's the work degree of difficulty, and the sampling inefficiency effect is not good and make patient's wound take place to infect easily.
For this reason, several skin sampling devices have been invented. However, the existing skin sampling device generally has the following technical problems: 1. the skin can not be cleaned before sampling, so that pollutants on the surface and the surface layer of the skin affect the sampling detection result. 2. Most of the sampling process adopts a cutting and skin-taking mode, the skin-taking range is large, the depth is shallow, and the sampling detection of some skin internal diseases is difficult to meet. 3. In the sampling process, the patient is injected with the anesthetic in advance to influence the sampling detection result, or the patient is required to endure the pain of sampling, so that the patient is unwilling to cooperate. 4. Because the skin of people, especially old person's skin is lax, lead to being difficult to take a sample to the skin in the sample process, often need medical personnel to lift skin etc. with the hand and take a sample, influence the sample operation. 5. The whole sampling process is operated manually, so that the workload of medical staff is increased, and the sampling accuracy is low.
In view of the above technical shortcomings of the prior art, there is a strong need to develop a new skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine, which can easily realize skin sampling and ensure the correctness of sampling detection results.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine comprises a handle shell and a sampling shell connected with the front end of the handle shell, and is characterized in that a controller is arranged on the outer side of the handle shell, a perforation is arranged in the center of the sampling shell, a plurality of electrodes arranged around the perforation are arranged on the front end face of the sampling shell, an air cylinder is fixedly arranged in the handle shell, a sliding plate capable of sliding up and down in the handle shell is connected onto an air cylinder rod of the air cylinder, a driving motor is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate, a buckle female joint is mounted on an output shaft of the driving motor, a first buckle sub-joint and a second buckle sub-joint are further arranged in the handle shell, the first buckle sub-joint is connected with one end of a first connecting rod, and the second buckle sub-joint is connected with one end of a second connecting rod, the other end of head rod is equipped with the sample drill bit, the other end of second connecting rod is equipped with the cleaning head, be equipped with on the head rod and control its removal and stretch out the first control rod of handle casing, be equipped with on the second connecting rod and control its removal and stretch out the second control rod of handle casing, the electrode the solenoid valve of cylinder with driving motor all with the controller links to each other.
Further, an air pump is arranged on the side wall of the handle shell and connected with the interior of the sampling shell through a vent pipe and connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the sampling shell is a hollow shell, and an elastic sealing member is arranged around the through hole of the upper side plate of the sampling shell.
In another aspect, the sampling drill is detachably connected with the other end of the first connecting rod.
Further, wherein the cleaning head is detachably connected with the other end of the second connecting rod.
In yet another aspect, a battery is disposed within the handle housing and is configured to power the controller, the drive motor, and the air extractor.
Further wherein the battery is a rechargeable battery.
Still further, wherein, the rear end of the handle shell is also provided with an electric plug-in port for charging the battery.
Still further, wherein, still be equipped with the start button on the handle casing, the start button with the controller links to each other.
Finally, wherein the handle housing and the sampling housing are made of a transparent material.
Compared with the prior art, the skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the skin surface and surface layer pollutants and the like can be cleaned before sampling by using one set of equipment, and the correctness of sampling detection results is ensured.
2. It adopts the mode of electrode stimulation to reduce the pain of patient in the sampling process, has reduced patient's pain on the one hand, is favorable to the patient to cooperate, and on the other hand does not need to inject the medicine, can not influence the exactness of sample testing result.
3. The skin of the sampling part can be sucked up in a vacuum pumping mode, so that the sampling part is bulged, and sampling is facilitated.
4. The sampling drill is adopted for sampling, so that the wound range is small, and the recovery is facilitated.
5. The sampling process is automatically carried out under the control of the controller, so that the workload of medical staff is reduced, and the sampling accuracy can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention in a first state.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skin sampling apparatus for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention in a second state.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skin sampling apparatus for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention in a third state.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skin sampling apparatus for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention in a fourth state.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skin sampling apparatus for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention in a fifth state.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skin sampling apparatus for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention in a sixth state.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the construction of a skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention comprises a handle case 1 and a sampling case 3 connected to the front end of the handle case 1.
Wherein the handle housing 1 and the sampling housing 3 are both hollow housings. And, the controller 2 is provided outside the handle housing 1. The controller 2 can be various commonly used industrial single-chip microcomputers, such as an STM32 single-chip microcomputer, and can also be an industrial personal computer. This is prior art and will not be described in detail here.
The sampling housing 3 is provided with a through hole 4 in the center. Since the sampling housing 3 is a hollow housing, that is, the upper side plate and the lower side plate of the sampling housing 3 are provided with perforations opposite to each other. A plurality of electrodes 5 provided around the through hole 4 are provided on the distal end surface of the sampling case 3.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, a cylinder 11 is fixedly disposed in the handle housing 1. In the present invention, the cylinder 11 is a micro cylinder so as to be installed in the handle housing 1. And, the air inlet and outlet of the cylinder 11 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, so as to control the cylinder 11 through the controller 2.
A slide plate 13 capable of sliding up and down inside the handle case 1 is connected to a cylinder rod 12 of the cylinder 11. Thus, when the cylinder rod 12 of the cylinder 11 extends and contracts, the slide plate 13 can slide up and down in the handle housing 1.
A driving motor 14 is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate 13. In the present invention, the driving motor 14 is a micro motor so as to be installed in the handle housing 1. Preferably, the driving motor 14 is a servo motor so as to be controlled. Since the drive motor 14 is fixed to the slide plate 13, it can slide up and down with the slide plate 13 in the handle case 1. A snap female joint 16 is attached to an output shaft 15 of the drive motor 14.
A first snap sub-joint 17 and a second snap sub-joint 18 are also arranged in the handle housing 1. The first snap sub-joint 17 and the second snap sub-joint 18 can cooperate with the snap female joint 16 to achieve a detachable connection.
The first snap sub-joint 17 is connected to one end of a first connecting rod 19. The second snap sub-joint 18 is connected to one end of a second connecting rod 20. The other end of the first connecting rod 19 is provided with a sampling drill bit 21. The other end of the second connecting rod 20 is provided with a cleaning head 22.
The cleaning head 22 may be a skin brush, for example, and a brush layer is provided on the top of the cleaning head for brushing the surface of the skin to be sampled. Because the cleaning head 22 is arranged, the skin surface, surface pollutants and the like can be cleaned before sampling, and the correctness of sampling detection results is ensured.
The sampling drill 21 can be rotated to take a skin sample. Because the sampling drill bit 21 is adopted for sampling, the skin taking range is small, the depth is large, and the sampling detection requirements of various skin diseases can be met.
Preferably, the sampling drill 21 is detachably connected to the other end of the first connecting rod 19. And, the cleaning head 22 is detachably connected to the other end of the second connecting rod 20. In this way, the sampling drill 21 and the cleaning head 22 are easily replaced. By exchanging the sampling drill 21 and the cleaning head 22, the device can be applied to different patients, on the one hand saving the costs of the patients and on the other hand reducing the waste.
In the present invention, the first connecting rod 19 is provided with a first operating rod 8 which can be operated to move and extend out of the handle housing 1. The second connecting rod 20 is provided with a second operating rod 9 which can be operated to move and extend out of the handle shell 1.
In order to enable the first and second levers 8 and 9 to extend outside the handle housing 1 and facilitate the operation thereof outside the handle housing 1, two cross-shaped slots corresponding to the first and second levers 8 and 9, respectively, may be provided on the side wall of the handle housing 1. The first operating lever 8 and the second operating lever 9 can move vertically and horizontally in the cross-shaped slot and can rest in the slot in the horizontal direction.
In the present invention, the electrode 5, the solenoid valve of the cylinder 11, and the driving motor 14 are connected to the controller 2.
Thereby, the controller 2 can control the pulse of the electrode 5, thereby controlling the discharge magnitude of the electrode 5 to control the degree of stimulation to the skin. The controller 2 can control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve of the cylinder 11, thereby controlling the expansion and contraction of the cylinder rod 12 of the cylinder 11 and the expansion and contraction length. Meanwhile, the controller 2 can control whether the driving motor 14 is started, the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the driving motor 14, and the like.
As described above, the sampling housing 3 is a hollow housing, and therefore, the upper side plate and the lower side plate of the sampling housing 3 are provided with through holes facing each other. In the present invention, it is preferable that an elastic sealing member is provided around the perforation of the upper side plate of the sampling housing 3. Thus, when the first and second connecting rods 19 and 20 pass through the through holes in the upper side plate of the sampling housing 3, the elastic sealing member can tightly surround the first and second connecting rods 19 and 20, preventing air leakage.
In the present invention, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, an air pump 6 is provided on a sidewall of the handle housing 1. The air pump 6 is connected with the inside of the sampling housing 3 through a vent pipe 7 and the air pump 6 is connected with the controller 2.
The controller 2 is thereby able to control whether the air extractor 6 is activated or not. The air pump 6 can evacuate the interior of the sampling housing 3. Thus, when the perforation 4 in the lower side plate of the sampling shell 3 is aligned with the skin, the skin can be sucked up, so that the skin is swelled, and the sampling of the skin is facilitated.
In the present invention, it is preferable that a battery 10 is provided in the handle case 1. The battery 10 is used to supply power to the controller 2, the drive motor 14, the air extractor 6, and the like. Due to the battery 10, an external power supply is not needed, so that the skin sampling device is more convenient to use.
More preferably, the battery 10 is a rechargeable battery. In this way, the battery 10 can be charged without frequent battery replacement.
Still preferably, the rear end of the handle housing 1 is further provided with a power plug-in port for charging the battery 10. Thus, the battery 10 can be charged without being taken out, and the charging is very convenient.
Further, although not shown in the drawings, it is preferable that the handle housing 1 is further provided with an activation button. The start button is connected to the controller 2. Thus, by means of the start button it is possible to determine when to start the operation.
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the handle housing 1 and the sampling housing 3 are made of a transparent material, for example, a transparent plastic. Thus, the inside of the handle housing 1 and the sampling housing 3 can be observed from the outside, and the operation is facilitated. For example, whether the snap female joint 16 is connected with the first snap sub-joint 17 or the second snap sub-joint 18 or the like can be observed from the outside.
The operation of the skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7.
Under normal conditions, i.e. when no sampling is performed, the structure is as shown in fig. 2. When the medical nursing bed is needed to be used, medical staff manually push the starting button to start work. And, the medical staff manually operates the second operating lever 9, moves the second connecting rod 20 through the second operating lever 9, and makes the second snap sub-joint 18 snap and firmly combined with the snap female joint 16, as shown in fig. 3.
Next, the controller 2 controls the solenoid valve of the air cylinder 11 so that the cylinder rod 12 of the air cylinder 11 extends forward until the cleaning head 22 extends out of the perforation 4, as shown in fig. 4. At this time, the controller 2 controls the driving motor 14 to rotate, so as to drive the cleaning head 22 to rotate, so that the cleaning head 22 contacts with the skin to be sampled of the patient, and the skin to be sampled is cleaned.
After the cleaning is completed, the controller 2 controls the solenoid valve of the air cylinder 11 so that the cylinder rod 12 of the air cylinder 11 is retracted rearward until the cleaning head 22 is retracted into the handle housing 1, as shown in fig. 3.
Thereafter, the medical staff manually operates the second operating lever 9 again, separates the second snap sub-joint 18 from the snap female joint 16 through the second operating lever 9, and moves the second connecting rod 20 to the initial position through the second operating lever 9, as shown in fig. 2.
Then, the medical staff manually operates the first operating lever 8, moves the first connecting rod 19 through the first operating lever 8, and causes the first snap sub-joint 17 to be snapped and firmly combined with the snap female joint 16, as shown in fig. 5.
Next, the controller 2 controls the solenoid valve of the cylinder 11 so that the cylinder rod 12 of the cylinder 11 extends forward until the sampling bit 21 extends into the sampling housing 3, as shown in fig. 6.
The front face of the sampling housing 3 is then applied to the skin to be sampled. The controller 2 controls the air pump 6 to start. Since the perforation on the lower side plate of the sampling housing 3 is tightly attached to the skin, the first connecting rod 19 is penetrated in the perforation on the upper side plate and the elastic sealing member is arranged, the vacuum can be pumped in the sampling housing 3 by the air pump 6, and the skin is sucked up through the perforation on the lower side plate, so that the skin is swelled for sampling. Meanwhile, the controller 2 controls the electrode 5 to work, and the periphery of the skin to be sampled is electrically stimulated through the electrode 5 so as to reduce pain during sampling.
After the skin to be sampled is swelled and electrically stimulated in place, the controller 2 controls the solenoid valve of the air cylinder 11 so that the cylinder rod 12 of the air cylinder 11 continues to extend forward until the sampling bit 21 extends out of the sampling housing 3 and into the sampled skin, as shown in fig. 7.
At this time, the controller 3 controls the driving motor 14 to rotate and drives the sampling drill 21 to rotate so as to sample the skin.
After the sample is finished, this skin sampling device is manually taken up, so that the front end face of the sampling shell 3 is separated from the patient, and the medical personnel take the sampling skin out of the sampling drill bit 21 to take the skin for testing.
After the sampling skin is removed, the controller 2 controls the solenoid valve of the air cylinder 11 so that the cylinder rod 12 of the air cylinder 11 is retracted backward until the sampling bit 21 is retracted into the handle housing 1, as shown in fig. 5.
Thereafter, the medical staff manually operates the first operating lever 8 again, separates the first snap sub-joint 17 from the snap female joint 16 by the first operating lever 8, and moves the first connecting rod 19 to the initial position by the first operating lever 8, as shown in fig. 2.
The whole sampling process is now complete.
The skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine can clean the surface of the skin, surface pollutants and the like before sampling by using one set of equipment, and ensure the correctness of sampling detection results. Meanwhile, the pain of the patient in the sampling process is reduced by adopting an electrode stimulation mode, so that the pain of the patient is reduced, the cooperation of the patient is facilitated, and the correctness of a sampling detection result is not influenced because the medicine is not required to be injected. Moreover, the skin of the sampling part can be sucked up in a vacuum-pumping mode, so that the sampling part is bulged, and sampling is convenient. Moreover, the sampling drill is adopted for sampling, so that the wound range is small, and the recovery is facilitated. Finally, the sampling process is automatically carried out under the control of the controller, so that the workload of medical staff is reduced, and the sampling accuracy can be improved.
The above examples of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications which are obvious to the technical scheme of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine comprises a handle shell (1) and a sampling shell (3) connected with the front end of the handle shell (1), and is characterized in that a controller (2) is arranged on the outer side of the handle shell (1), a perforation (4) is arranged in the center of the sampling shell (3), a plurality of electrodes (5) arranged around the perforation (4) are arranged on the front end face of the sampling shell (3), an air cylinder (11) is fixedly arranged in the handle shell (1), an air cylinder rod (12) of the air cylinder (11) is connected with a sliding plate (13) capable of sliding up and down in the handle shell (1), a driving motor (14) is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate (13), a clamping female joint (16) is arranged on an output shaft (15) of the driving motor (14), and a first clamping sub-joint (17) and a second clamping sub-joint (18) are further arranged in the handle shell (1) The utility model discloses a handle, first buckle sub-joint (17) link to each other with the one end of head rod (19), second buckle sub-joint (18) link to each other with the one end of second connecting rod (20), the other end of head rod (19) is equipped with sample drill bit (21), the other end of second connecting rod (20) is equipped with cleaning head (22), be equipped with on head rod (19) and control its removal and stretch out first control rod (8) of handle casing (1), be equipped with on second connecting rod (20) and control its removal and stretch out second control rod (9) of handle casing (1), electrode (5) the solenoid valve of cylinder (11) with driving motor (14) all with controller (2) link to each other, handle casing (1) with sample casing (3) are made by transparent material.
2. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sidewall of the handle housing (1) is provided with an air pump (6), the air pump (6) is connected with the inside of the sampling housing (3) through a vent pipe (7) and the air pump (6) is connected with the controller (2).
3. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 2, characterized in that the sampling housing (3) is a hollow housing and an elastic seal is provided around the perforation of its upper side plate.
4. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 3, characterized in that the sampling drill (21) is detachably connected with the other end of the first connecting rod (19).
5. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 4, wherein the cleaning head (22) is detachably connected to the other end of the second connecting rod (20).
6. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a battery (10) is provided in the handle housing (1), the battery (10) being used to power the controller (2), the drive motor (14) and the air extractor (6).
7. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 6, characterized in that the battery (10) is a rechargeable battery.
8. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 7, characterized in that the rear end of the handle housing (1) is further provided with a plug-in port for charging the battery (10).
9. A skin sampling device for public health and preventive medicine according to claim 8, characterized in that the handle housing (1) is further provided with an activation button, which is connected to the controller (2).
CN201910833757.1A 2019-09-04 2019-09-04 Skin sampling device that public health and preventive medicine used Active CN110575205B (en)

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