CN110573725B - 水力轴流式涡轮机或泵的转轮 - Google Patents

水力轴流式涡轮机或泵的转轮 Download PDF

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CN110573725B
CN110573725B CN201880027090.XA CN201880027090A CN110573725B CN 110573725 B CN110573725 B CN 110573725B CN 201880027090 A CN201880027090 A CN 201880027090A CN 110573725 B CN110573725 B CN 110573725B
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blades
hub
runner
bolted
pump
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CN110573725A (zh
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斯图尔特·库尔森
塞思·史密斯
沃尔特·里格勒尔
托马斯·奥特
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Voith Patent GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/128—Mounting, demounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/02—Transport, e.g. specific adaptations or devices for conveyance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F05B2260/301—Retaining bolts or nuts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于水力涡轮机或泵的螺旋桨型转轮，包括轮毂(1)和多个叶片(2、3)，其中，最多且包括两个的叶片(3)使用螺栓固定到轮毂(1)，并且其余叶片(2)焊接到轮毂，并且其中，每个螺栓连接的叶片(3)由两个焊接的叶片(2)邻接。

Description

水力轴流式涡轮机或泵的转轮
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有螺旋桨型旋转元件或转轮的水力轴流式涡轮机或泵装置。
背景技术
轴流式水泵或涡轮机的转轮包括轮毂和固定到轮毂的多个转轮叶片。在现有技术中，已知基本上四种不同设计的这种转轮。转轮可以通过以下方式制成：将轮毂与转轮叶片一体铸造；将单独铸造的转轮叶片焊接到轮毂；将单独铸造的转轮叶片螺栓连接到轮毂；或者将每个转轮叶片与轮毂的区段一体铸造，并将这些区段布置成环形阵列，该环形阵列通过收缩环固持在一起。已知转轮的示例在美国专利申请公开2009/0092496和2015/0017004中示出。
这些设计提供的优点是，在单独的叶片螺栓连接或焊接到轮毂的情况下，叶片中的一个或多个可以在坝或其他涡轮机安装位置(在现场处)附接到轮毂。单独运输轮毂或运输具有附接到其上的少于其所有的转轮叶片的轮毂减少了运输成本和困难。这同样适用于包括有与轮毂的区段一体铸造的叶片的设计。然而，这些设计涉及其他缺点。在现场处将转轮叶片焊接到轮毂是一项困难的任务，这通常超出了现场人员的技能。带有螺栓连接的叶片的转轮价格昂贵，因为安装复杂且需要额外铣削。这也适用于包括有与轮毂的区段一体铸造的叶片的设计。带有螺栓连接的叶片的转轮的另一个缺点是设计涉及更大尺寸的轮毂，因为耳轴需要很大的空间。然而，已知有带有螺栓连接的叶片和小尺寸轮毂的转轮设计，但是这些设计甚至更昂贵(例如US2015/0017004)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种螺旋桨型轴流式水泵或涡轮机的转轮，其可以在没有困难和高成本的情况下运输，可以在现场在组装处，而不需要现场人员的特殊技能，并且其成本低于带螺栓连接的叶片的转轮。
这个目的是通过根据权利要求1所述的转轮来实现的。从属权利要求中公开了本发明的其他有利实施方式。
发明人已经认识到，为了避免运输螺旋桨型转轮期间的困难，仅将转轮的一个或两个叶片从轮毂上拆下就足够了。其他叶片可以保持固定到轮毂上，因此这些叶片不必需是螺栓连接的。关于成本，将固定叶片焊接到轮毂上是有利的。焊接在工厂中进行，而不是在现场处。
附图说明
下文将结合附图描述本发明：
图1是根据本发明的螺旋桨型转轮的截面轴向视图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了螺旋桨型转轮的截面轴向视图。转轮的轮毂用1表示。转轮包括四个叶片，而其中两个叶片通过焊接固定到轮毂。其中一个固定叶片用2表示。另外两个叶片被构造(construed)成可拆卸的，这意味着这些叶片是螺栓连接的。其中一个螺栓连接的叶片用3表示。在图1中，螺栓连接的叶片被示出处于拆开位置，就像运输转轮的情况一样。很明显，通过拆卸螺栓连接的叶片，转轮在图1的竖直方向上的尺寸大大减小。在许多情况下，甚至仅仅将其中一个叶片构造成可拆卸的就足以避免在转轮运输期间出现的困难。
在图1中，还可以看到螺栓连接的叶片3的安装凸缘(耳轴)相对较大。轮毂1的尺寸不够大，因此无法使所有的叶片在带有如此大的耳轴的情况下被制成可拆卸的。因为只有两个叶片3被构造成可拆卸的，并且邻接每个螺栓连接的叶片3的两个叶片2被焊接到轮毂1，所以轮毂1上留出了空间，并且大耳轴可以由相对较小的轮毂1容纳。焊接的叶片不需要耳轴。大耳轴提高了带有螺栓连接的叶片的轮毂的结构稳定性。此外，大耳轴不需要复杂的设计，并且能够以低成本生产。
图1意味着本发明的示例。当然，本发明也可适用于具有不同数目叶片的转轮。在任何情况下，最多(且包括)两个的螺栓连接的叶片3中的每一个都必须由两个叶片2邻接，这两个叶片通过焊接固定到轮毂1。很明显，两个邻接的焊接的叶片2中的一个必须位于螺栓连接的叶片3的一侧上，另一个邻接的焊接的叶片2必须位于螺栓连接的叶片3的另一侧上。这意味着螺栓连接的叶片3不邻接另一个螺栓连接的叶片3。
如果在根据本发明的转轮中结合有两个螺栓连接的叶片3，有利的是，两个螺栓连接的叶片3位于轮毂1的相反侧上，以在运输到现场期间尽可能减小转轮的尺寸，并有助于转轮的平衡。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于水力涡轮机或泵的螺旋桨型转轮，所述转轮包括轮毂(1)和多个叶片(2、3)，其中，最多且包括两个的叶片(3)使用螺栓被固定到所述轮毂(1)，并且其余叶片(2)被焊接到所述轮毂，并且其中，每个螺栓连接的叶片(3)由两个焊接的叶片(2)邻接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的转轮，其中，叶片(2、3)的总数为三个，并且恰好一个叶片(3)使用螺栓被固定到所述轮毂(1)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的转轮，其中，叶片(2、3)的总数为四个，并且恰好一个叶片(3)使用螺栓被固定到所述轮毂(1)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的转轮，其中，叶片(2、3)的总数为四个，并且恰好两个叶片(3)使用螺栓被固定到所述轮毂(1)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的转轮，其中，叶片(2、3)的总数超过四个，并且恰好两个叶片(3)使用螺栓被固定到所述轮毂(1)，并且所述螺栓连接的叶片(3)位于所述轮毂(1)的相反侧上。
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GB450992A (en) * 1935-05-01 1936-07-28 Colin Mather Improvements in and relating to rotary fans
CN2802137Y (zh) * 2005-01-07 2006-08-02 徐其丰 插嵌式扇叶组合结构
CN201531441U (zh) * 2009-08-25 2010-07-21 王德良 叶控微风吊扇
CN104321525A (zh) * 2012-02-09 2015-01-28 安德里兹水利有限公司 水轮机叶片在轮毂上的安装
JP2016183586A (ja) * 2015-03-26 2016-10-20 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 天井扇風機
CN205714945U (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-11-23 上海通用风机股份有限公司 一种叶片不等分的轴流风机叶轮

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CA352822A (en) * 1935-09-03 Baumann Johannes Hydraulic machine
CA2605817A1 (en) 2007-10-05 2009-04-05 General Electric Canada Axial flow hydraulic turbine with blade mounting

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB450992A (en) * 1935-05-01 1936-07-28 Colin Mather Improvements in and relating to rotary fans
CN2802137Y (zh) * 2005-01-07 2006-08-02 徐其丰 插嵌式扇叶组合结构
CN201531441U (zh) * 2009-08-25 2010-07-21 王德良 叶控微风吊扇
CN104321525A (zh) * 2012-02-09 2015-01-28 安德里兹水利有限公司 水轮机叶片在轮毂上的安装
JP2016183586A (ja) * 2015-03-26 2016-10-20 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 天井扇風機
CN205714945U (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-11-23 上海通用风机股份有限公司 一种叶片不等分的轴流风机叶轮

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CN110573725A (zh) 2019-12-13
US20200158073A1 (en) 2020-05-21
EP3631191B1 (en) 2020-08-05
EP3631191A1 (en) 2020-04-08
WO2018219546A1 (en) 2018-12-06

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