CN110572042B - Bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of bidirectional wireless power transmission system - Google Patents
Bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of bidirectional wireless power transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the phase of an alternating current side port current of the first full-bridge converter, and a direct current side voltage and a direct current side current of the first full-bridge converter; determining the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge converter according to the requirement of voltage stabilization or constant current; determining the on and off time of a switching tube of the first full-bridge converter, and driving the switching tube according to the on and off time; sending the required parameters to a primary side controller; determining the value range of the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter for realizing zero voltage switching-on, and selecting the optimal value of the total pulse width angle of the primary side excitation voltage in the value range; and determining the turn-on and turn-off time of the switching tube of the second full-bridge converter. The invention can realize zero voltage switching-on of the switching tubes of the primary side full-bridge converter and the secondary side full-bridge converter and realize optimization of electric energy transmission efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of DC/DC converters, and particularly relates to a bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of a bidirectional wireless power transmission system.
Background
With the proposal of an energy internet concept and the development of related technologies of an intelligent power distribution network, the electric automobile bidirectional wireless power transmission system gradually begins to show unique advantages. For the power grid, the bidirectional wireless power transmission system allows bidirectional flow between the power grid and the power of the vehicle-mounted battery, so that optimized operation functions of orderly charging of the electric automobile, peak clipping and valley filling of the power grid and the like can be realized if intelligent regulation is carried out. For the user, the step of connecting or disconnecting the charging cable is omitted in the wireless power transmission mode, the problems of interface abrasion, poor contact or electric leakage and the like do not exist, the operation is very convenient, and therefore the user is more willing to participate in mounting the electric automobile on the power grid. Therefore, the technical development of bidirectional wireless power transmission plays an important role in improving the stability and intelligence of the future energy Internet.
In a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, it is necessary to achieve regulation of transmission power and high efficiency over a wide transmission power (load) range. In a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, a primary side converter and a secondary side converter are opposite concepts. Currently, in a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, there are several methods for adjusting power: 1. a single-stage single-side control method. In the bidirectional wireless power transmission circuit part, other converters are not added except the DC/DC converter of the stage of the double full-bridge converter. The power regulation is realized by changing the internal phase shift angle of the full-bridge converter on the primary side or the secondary side. Although the method is simple and easy to implement, the method has the following problems: the matching of the original secondary side excitation voltage is not realized, so that the transmission efficiency optimization of an intermediate link cannot be realized, and meanwhile, part of switching tubes are in a hard switching state, so that the transmission efficiency of the system is low.
2. The multi-stage single-side control method comprises the following steps: in the bidirectional wireless power transmission circuit part, a DC/DC converter is additionally added at one side besides the DC/DC converter of the double full-bridge converter, and the DC/DC converter changes the voltage of the DC side of the full-bridge converter at the side so as to adjust the excitation voltage at the side and realize the adjustment of transmission power. The method can enable all switch tubes of the bidirectional wireless power transmission circuit part to realize soft switching, but has the following problems: the matching of the original secondary side excitation voltage is not realized, so that the transmission efficiency optimization of an intermediate link cannot be realized, and the transmission efficiency of the system is low. The newly added primary DC/DC converter makes the control of the whole system more complicated and also increases certain loss.
3. The multistage bilateral control method comprises the following steps: in the bidirectional wireless electric energy transmission circuit part, except a double full-bridge converter which is a primary DC/DC converter, primary DC/DC converters are respectively added on two sides of an original secondary side, the DC/DC converters change the direct current side voltages of the full-bridge converters on two sides, the adjustment of transmission power is realized, and simultaneously the matching of excitation voltages can be realized, thereby realizing the optimization of the transmission efficiency of an intermediate link and achieving higher efficiency. However, this method has problems that: the additional DC/DC converter makes the control of the whole system more complicated and also increases certain loss.
4. The single-stage bilateral symmetrical excitation voltage double-phase-shift control method comprises the following steps: in the bidirectional wireless power transmission circuit part, other converters are not added except the DC/DC converter of the stage of the double full-bridge converter. The power is adjusted by changing the internal phase shift angle of the full-bridge converter on the primary side and the secondary side, and meanwhile, the excitation voltage ratio is close to the optimal excitation voltage ratio, so that the transmission efficiency optimization of the intermediate link is realized, and the system efficiency is improved. However, this method has problems that: the switching tube works in a hard switching state, and the loss is high.
5. The single-stage bilateral symmetrical excitation voltage three-phase-shift control method comprises the following steps: on the basis of a single-stage bilateral symmetric excitation Voltage double-phase-shift control method, the fundamental wave phase difference (called as an outward phase shift angle) of the original secondary side excitation Voltage is controlled, so that Zero Voltage switching-on (ZVS) of all switching tubes is realized, the switching loss is further reduced, and the efficiency is further improved. However, this method has problems that: when the transmission power is at the mid-load power or light-load power level, to achieve ZVS, the out-shifted phase angle will approach zero degrees, causing the transmission efficiency to drop severely.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new control method, which can achieve the excitation voltage ratio close to the optimal excitation voltage ratio, and achieve ZVS at a higher phase shift angle, thereby achieving higher efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, aiming at solving the problem that the prior bidirectional wireless power transmission system can not realize higher efficiency in a wide transmission power range.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bilateral asymmetric voltage control method for a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, comprising:
(1) obtaining an AC side port current i of a first full bridge converter2And the DC-side voltage V of the first full-bridge converterdc2And a direct side current Idc2(ii) a The first full-bridge converter is a secondary full-bridge converter, and the second full-bridge converter is a primary full-bridge converter, or the first full-bridge converter is a primary full-bridge converter and the second full-bridge converter is a secondary full-bridge converter;
(2) according to pair Vdc2Or Idc2Computing β a command value for the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter2tDetermining the electric energy transmission direction;
(3) combining the AC side port current i of the first full-bridge converter obtained in (1)2And (2) the command value β for the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter obtained in (2)2tCalculating the on-off time of each switching tube of the first full-bridge converter, and generating a driving signal for the switching tube of the first full-bridge converter according to the on-off time of each switching tube;
(4) the DC side voltage value V of the first full-bridge converterdc2Total pulse width angle β of excitation voltage of first full-bridge converter2tThe required electric energy transmission direction is sent to the controller corresponding to the second full-bridge converter through the communication channel, and the direct-current side voltage V of the second full-bridge converter is obtained at the same timedc1Calculating the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter which can make all the switch tubes of the second full-bridge converter realize ZVS according to the given margin angle α1t；
(5) From the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter1tAnd calculating the on-off time of each switching tube of the second full-bridge converter, and generating a driving signal for the switching tubes of the second full-bridge converter according to the on-off time of each switching tube.
Further, in step (2), a conventional proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm may be used to obtain the command value β of the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter2t。
Further, in step (3), the following steps may be adopted to determine the turn-on and turn-off time of each switching tube of the first full-bridge inverter:
(31) the positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method2+And negative pulse width angle β2-：
(32) According to β2tThe value range determines whether the first full-bridge inverter should operate in half-bridge mode or full-bridge mode if 0 ≦ β2tLess than 180 deg., the first full-bridge converter should be operated in half-bridge mode, and less than β deg2tThe angle is less than or equal to 360 degrees, and the first full-bridge converter is required to work in a full-bridge mode;
(33) determining whether the first full-bridge converter should work in a rectification mode or an inversion mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode;
(34) determining the on and off time of each switching tube according to the working mode of the first full-bridge converter determined in the steps (32) to (33):
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the rectified full-bridge mode, then:
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the rectifying half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the inverted full-bridge mode, then:
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the inverter half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
wherein, αon5And αoff5The on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive electrode of the direct current side of a first bridge arm of the first full-bridge converter is relative to i2α that the fundamental component of (A) leads the latter to be positive and lags the latter to be negativeon7And αoff7The on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive electrode of the direct current side of the second bridge arm of the first full-bridge converter is relative to i2The fundamental component of (a) is a phase angle between negative and positive zero crossing time, the former leads the latter to be positive, the former lags the latter to be negative, α is a margin angle, and max is a maximum function.
Further, in step (4), the following steps may be employed to determine the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge inverter1tThe value range of (A):
(41) the positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method1+And negative pulse width angle β1-：
(42) Determining whether the second full-bridge converter should work in an inversion mode or a rectification mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode;
(43) according to the required power transmission direction, calculating according to the following formula: the phase difference theta between the moment when the fundamental wave component of the excitation voltage generated by the first full-bridge converter crosses zero from negative to positive and the moment corresponding to the rising edge of the positive pulse of the excitation voltage generated by the first full-bridge converter2,recOr theta2,invA phase difference theta between the moment when the fundamental wave component of the excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge inverter crosses zero from negative to positive and the moment corresponding to the rising edge of the positive pulse of the excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge inverter1,recOr theta1,inv. If the required power transfer direction is from the second full-bridge inverter to the first full-bridge inverter, then θ is calculated2,recAnd theta1,inv(ii) a If the required power transfer direction is from the first full-bridge inverter to the second full-bridge inverter, then θ is calculated2,invAnd theta1,recRec represents the rectification mode, and inv represents the inversion mode.
Where atan2 is a four quadrant arctangent function.
Further, the total pulse width angle β of the driving voltage for achieving ZVS for all the switching tubes of the second full-bridge converter can be determined by1tα is a margin angle for ensuring the realization of ZVS, the value range is all β satisfying the following conditions1tA set of values.
When the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter and is not less than 0 and not more than β1tLess than or equal to 180 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required power transmission direction is from the second full-bridge inverter to the first full-bridge inverter, and 180 DEG < β1tLess than or equal to 360 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter and is not less than 0 and not more than β1tLess than or equal to 180 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required power transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, and 180 DEG < β1tLess than or equal to 360 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
further, at calculated β1tWithin the value range of (A), selecting the optimal β1tSuch that the excitation voltage ratio k is equal to the optimum excitation voltage ratio koptThe closest.
Wherein, U1mFundamental amplitude, U, of the excitation voltage generated for the second full-bridge inverter2mThe fundamental amplitude of the excitation voltage generated for the first full-bridge inverter.
Further, the following steps can be adopted to determine the on and off time of each switching tube of the second full-bridge inverter.
(51) The positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method1+And negative pulse width angle β1-：
(52) According to β1tThe range of the value determines the working mode of the second full-bridge converter, if 0 is less than or equal to β1tLess than 180 deg., the second full-bridge converter should be operated in half-bridge mode, and less than β deg1tAnd less than or equal to 360 degrees, the second full-bridge converter should work in a full-bridge mode.
(53) Determining whether the second full-bridge converter should work in an inversion mode or a rectification mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the second full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode; if the required power transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the second full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode.
(54) Determining the on and off time of each switching tube according to the working mode of the second full-bridge converter determined in the steps (52) to (53):
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the inverted full-bridge mode, then:
wherein,
and
the on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive pole of the direct current side of a first bridge arm of a second full-bridge converter is respectively relative to a phase angle between the negative and positive zero-crossing time of a fundamental component of excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge converter, the former leads the latter to be positive, and the former lags the latter to be negative;
and
the on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive pole of the direct current side of a second bridge arm of the second full-bridge converter is respectively relative to a phase angle between the negative and positive zero-crossing time of a fundamental component of excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge converter, wherein the former is in advance of the latter and the former is in lag behind the latter;
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the inverter half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the rectified full-bridge mode, then:
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the rectifying half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state.
Further, the optimum excitation voltage ratio κoptThe following method can be adopted for calculation:
wherein r is1Is an equivalent loss resistance on the side of the second full-bridge inverter, r2Is the equivalent loss resistance on one side of the first full-bridge inverter.
Generally speaking, through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention improves the power factors of the transmitting side and the receiving side, and simultaneously, the transmission efficiency can be optimized by making the excitation voltage ratio equal to the optimal excitation voltage ratio, so that the bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of the bidirectional wireless power transmission system provided by the present invention can achieve higher transmission efficiency in a wide transmission power range, and simultaneously, make all switching devices achieve ZVS.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of a bidirectional wireless power transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a system block diagram of a bidirectional wireless power transfer system of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the procedure of the secondary side controller and the primary side controller according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present inventionβ required to achieve ZVS at a gauge angle of 10 °1tAnd β2tA range;
figure 5 is a comparison of transmission efficiency at different powers for embodiments of the present invention versus the DPS, TPS method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The bidirectional wireless power transmission system comprises a main circuit and a control circuit; as shown in fig. 1, the main circuit includes a primary full-bridge conversion circuit, a primary resonance compensation network, a coupling mechanism, a secondary resonance compensation network, a secondary full-bridge conversion circuit and a filter circuit, which are cascaded in this order, and the primary resonance compensation network and the secondary resonance compensation network are connected in series by a single capacitor.
In the main circuit shown in fig. 1, the parameters of the SS compensation network satisfy the following conditions:
wherein, ω issFor resonant angular frequency, omegas＝2πfs，fsFor the resonant frequency, the switching frequency is equal to the resonant frequency, C1Compensating the capacitance for the primary side, C2Compensating the capacitance for the secondary side, L1Self-inductance of primary coil of coupling mechanism, L2The secondary coil of the coupling mechanism is self-inductance.
The invention provides a bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of a bidirectional wireless power transmission system, which is used for realizing higher transmission efficiency in a wide transmission power range and simultaneously enabling all switching devices to realize ZVS. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure for implementing the bilateral asymmetric voltage control method according to the present invention, where the bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of the bidirectional wireless power transmission system according to the present invention includes:
(1) obtaining an AC side port current i of a first full bridge converter2And the DC-side voltage V of the first full-bridge converterdc2And a direct side current Idc2(ii) a The first full-bridge converter is a secondary full-bridge converter, and the second full-bridge converter is a primary full-bridge converter, or the first full-bridge converter is a primary full-bridge converter and the second full-bridge converter is a secondary full-bridge converter;
(2) according to pair Vdc2Or Idc2Computing β a command value for the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter2tDetermining the electric energy transmission direction;
(3) combining the AC side port current i of the first full-bridge converter obtained in (1)2And (2) the command value β for the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter obtained in (2)2tCalculating the on-off time of each switching tube of the first full-bridge converter, and generating a driving signal for the switching tube of the first full-bridge converter according to the on-off time of each switching tube;
(4) the DC side voltage value V of the first full-bridge converterdc2Total pulse width angle β of excitation voltage of first full-bridge converter2tThe required electric energy transmission direction is sent to the controller corresponding to the second full-bridge converter through the communication channel, and the direct-current side voltage V of the second full-bridge converter is obtained at the same timedc1Calculating the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter which can make all the switch tubes of the second full-bridge converter realize ZVS according to the given margin angle α1t；
(5) From the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter1tAnd calculating the on-off time of each switching tube of the second full-bridge converter, and generating a driving signal for the switching tubes of the second full-bridge converter according to the on-off time of each switching tube.
Specifically, in step (2), a conventional proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm may be used to obtain a command value β of the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter2t。
Specifically, in step (3), the following steps may be adopted to determine the turn-on and turn-off time of each switching tube of the first full-bridge inverter:
(31) the positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method2+And negative pulse width angle β2-：
(32) According to β2tThe value range determines whether the first full-bridge inverter should operate in half-bridge mode or full-bridge mode if 0 ≦ β2tLess than 180 deg., the first full-bridge converter should be operated in half-bridge mode, and less than β deg2tThe angle is less than or equal to 360 degrees, and the first full-bridge converter is required to work in a full-bridge mode;
(33) determining whether the first full-bridge converter should work in a rectification mode or an inversion mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode;
(34) determining the on and off time of each switching tube according to the working mode of the first full-bridge converter determined in the steps (32) to (33):
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the rectified full-bridge mode, then:
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the rectifying half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the inverted full-bridge mode, then:
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the inverter half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
wherein, αon5And αoff5The on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive electrode of the direct current side of a first bridge arm of the first full-bridge converter is relative to i2α that the fundamental component of (A) leads the latter to be positive and lags the latter to be negativeon7And αoff7The on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive electrode of the direct current side of the second bridge arm of the first full-bridge converter is relative to i2The fundamental component of (a) is a phase angle between negative and positive zero crossing time, the former leads the latter to be positive, the former lags the latter to be negative, α is a margin angle, and max is a maximum function.
Further, in step (4), the following steps may be employed to determine the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge inverter1tThe value range of (A):
(41) the positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method1+And negative pulse width angle β1-：
(42) Determining whether the second full-bridge converter should work in an inversion mode or a rectification mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode;
(43) according to the required power transmission direction, calculating according to the following formula: the phase difference theta between the moment when the fundamental wave component of the excitation voltage generated by the first full-bridge converter crosses zero from negative to positive and the moment corresponding to the rising edge of the positive pulse of the excitation voltage generated by the first full-bridge converter2,recOr theta2,invA phase difference theta between the moment when the fundamental wave component of the excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge inverter crosses zero from negative to positive and the moment corresponding to the rising edge of the positive pulse of the excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge inverter1,recOr theta1,inv. If the required power transfer direction is from the second full-bridge inverter to the first full-bridge inverter, then θ is calculated2,recAnd theta1,inv(ii) a If the required power transfer direction is from the first full-bridge inverter to the second full-bridge inverter, then θ is calculated2,invAnd theta1,recRec represents the rectification mode, and inv represents the inversion mode.
Where atan2 is a four quadrant arctangent function.
Further, the total pulse width angle β of the driving voltage for achieving ZVS for all the switching tubes of the second full-bridge converter can be determined by1tα is a margin angle for ensuring the implementation of ZVS.
The value range is all β satisfying the following conditions1tA set of values.
When the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter and is not less than 0 and not more than β1tLess than or equal to 180 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required power transmission direction is from the second full-bridge inverter to the first full-bridge inverter, and 180 DEG < β1tLess than or equal to 360 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter and is not less than 0 and not more than β1tLess than or equal to 180 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required power transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, and 180 DEG < β1tLess than or equal to 360 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
further, at calculated β1tWithin the value range of (A), selecting the optimal β1tSuch that the excitation voltage ratio k is equal to the optimum excitation voltage ratio koptThe closest.
κ＝U1m
U2m
Wherein, U1mFundamental amplitude, U, of the excitation voltage generated for the second full-bridge inverter2mThe fundamental amplitude of the excitation voltage generated for the first full-bridge inverter.
Further, the following steps can be adopted to determine the on and off time of each switching tube of the second full-bridge inverter.
(51) The positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method1+And negative pulse width angle β1-：
(52) According to β1tThe range of the value determines the working mode of the second full-bridge converter, if 0 is less than or equal to β1tLess than 180 deg., the second full-bridge converter should be operated in half-bridge mode, and less than β deg1tAnd less than or equal to 360 degrees, the second full-bridge converter should work in a full-bridge mode.
(53) Determining whether the second full-bridge converter should work in an inversion mode or a rectification mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the second full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode; if the required power transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the second full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode.
(54) Determining the on and off time of each switching tube according to the working mode of the second full-bridge converter determined in the steps (52) to (53):
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the inverted full-bridge mode, then:
wherein,
and
the on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive pole of the direct current side of a first bridge arm of a second full-bridge converter is respectively relative to a phase angle between the negative and positive zero-crossing time of a fundamental component of excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge converter, the former leads the latter to be positive, and the former lags the latter to be negative;
and
the on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive pole of the direct current side of a second bridge arm of the second full-bridge converter is respectively relative to a phase angle between the negative and positive zero-crossing time of a fundamental component of excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge converter, wherein the former is in advance of the latter and the former is in lag behind the latter;
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the inverter half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the rectified full-bridge mode, then:
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the rectifying half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state.
Further, the optimum excitation voltage ratio κoptThe following method can be adopted for calculation:
wherein r is1Is an equivalent loss resistance on the side of the second full-bridge inverter, r2Is the equivalent loss resistance on one side of the first full-bridge inverter.
In the main circuit shown in fig. 1, the element parameters are set as follows: l is1＝183.25μH，L2＝180.45μH，M＝35.46μH，C1＝19.11nF，C2＝19.42nF，r1＝0.34Ω，r2＝0.35Ω，Vdc1＝288V，Vdc2288V, α ° 10 °, switching frequency equal to the resonance frequency, 85khz, the system architecture using the above-described two-sided asymmetric voltage control method is shown in fig. 2, the program flow chart is shown in fig. 3, and β for achieving ZVS calculated according to step (6) is shown in fig. 21t，β2tThe value ranges are shown in fig. 4. The experimental embodiment and single-stage bilateral symmetric excitation voltage three-phase shift control sumThe transmission efficiency of the system under the same secondary side received power controlled by the single-stage bilateral symmetry excitation voltage three-phase shift is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, under the same power, the efficiency achieved by the embodiment of the present invention is higher than the efficiency achieved by the single-stage bilateral symmetric driving voltage three-phase shift control and the single-stage bilateral symmetric driving voltage three-phase shift control.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of a bidirectional wireless power transmission system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) obtaining an AC side port current i of a first full bridge converter2Phase of the first full-bridge inverter, the DC-side voltage V of the first full-bridge inverterdc2And a direct side current Idc2；
(2) According to pair Vdc2Or Idc2The command value β of the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter is calculated by the PI control algorithm2tDetermining the electric energy transmission direction;
(3) combining the alternating current port current i of the first full-bridge converter obtained in the step (1)2And the command value β of the total pulse width angle of the excitation voltage of the first full-bridge inverter obtained in step (2)2tCalculating the on and off time of each switching tube of the first full-bridge converter, and generating a driving signal for the switching tube of the first full-bridge converter; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(31) determining positive pulse width angle β2+And negative pulse width angle β2-：
(32) According to β2tThe value range determines whether the first full-bridge inverter should operate in half-bridge mode or full-bridge mode if 0 ≦ β2tLess than 180 deg., the first full-bridge converter should be operated in half-bridge mode, and less than β deg2tThe angle is less than or equal to 360 degrees, and the first full-bridge converter is required to work in a full-bridge mode;
(33) determining whether the first full-bridge converter should work in a rectification mode or an inversion mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode;
(34) if the first full-bridge converter operates in the rectified full-bridge mode, then:
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the rectifying half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is kept in an off state all the time, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is kept in an on state all the time;
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the inverted full-bridge mode, then:
if the first full-bridge converter operates in the inverter half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is kept in an off state all the time, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is kept in an on state all the time;
wherein, αon5And αoff5The on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive electrode of the direct current side of a first bridge arm of the first full-bridge converter is relative to i2α that the fundamental component of (A) leads the latter to be positive and lags the latter to be negativeon7And αoff7The on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive electrode of the direct current side of the second bridge arm of the first full-bridge converter is relative to i2The phase angle between the zero crossing time from negative to positive of the fundamental component of (c) is positive when the former leads the latter and negative when the former lags the latter, α is a margin angle, max is a maximum function;
(4) the DC side voltage value V of the first full-bridge converterdc2Command value β for total pulse width angle of excitation voltage of first full-bridge converter2tThe required electric energy transmission direction is sent to the controller corresponding to the second full-bridge converter through the communication channel, and the direct-current side voltage V of the second full-bridge converter is obtained at the same timedc1Calculating the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter which can make all the switch tubes of the second full-bridge converter realize zero-voltage turn-on according to the preset margin angle α1t(ii) a The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(41) the positive pulse width angle β is determined according to the following method1+And negative pulse width angle β1-：
(42) Determining whether the second full-bridge converter should work in an inversion mode or a rectification mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the first full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode;
(43)β1tis that all β satisfying the following conditions1tSet of values:
when the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter and is not less than 0 and not more than β1tLess than or equal to 180 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required power transmission direction is from the second full-bridge inverter to the first full-bridge inverter, and 180 DEG < β1tLess than or equal to 360 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter and is not less than 0 and not more than β1tLess than or equal to 180 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
when the required power transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, and 180 DEG < β1tLess than or equal to 360 degrees, and the required conditions are as follows:
wherein, the fundamental component of the excitation voltage generated by the first full-bridge converter is from negative to positive zero crossing point timeThe phase difference theta between the moments corresponding to the rising edges of the positive pulses of the excitation voltage generated by the first full-bridge inverter2,recOr theta2,invA phase difference theta between the moment when the fundamental wave component of the excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge inverter crosses zero from negative to positive and the moment corresponding to the rising edge of the positive pulse of the excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge inverter1,recOr theta1,inv，β2+Rec represents a rectification mode and inv represents an inversion mode for a positive pulse width angle;
(5) from the total pulse width angle β of the excitation voltage of the second full-bridge converter1tCalculating the on and off time of each switching tube of the second full-bridge converter, and generating a driving signal for the switching tube of the second full-bridge converter; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(51) determining positive pulse width angle β1+And negative pulse width angle β1-：
(52) According to β1tThe range of the value determines the working mode of the second full-bridge converter, if 0 is less than or equal to β1tLess than 180 deg., the second full-bridge converter should be operated in half-bridge mode, and less than β deg1tThe angle is less than or equal to 360 degrees, the second full-bridge converter should work in a full-bridge mode;
(53) determining whether the second full-bridge converter should work in an inversion mode or a rectification mode according to the required electric energy transmission direction: if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the second full-bridge converter to the first full-bridge converter, the second full-bridge converter works in an inversion mode; if the required electric energy transmission direction is from the first full-bridge converter to the second full-bridge converter, the second full-bridge converter works in a rectification mode;
(54) if the second full-bridge converter operates in the inverted full-bridge mode, then:
wherein,
and
the on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive pole of the direct current side of a first bridge arm of a second full-bridge converter is respectively relative to a phase angle between the negative and positive zero-crossing time of a fundamental component of excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge converter, the former leads the latter to be positive, and the former lags the latter to be negative;
and
the on and off time of a switching tube close to the positive pole of the direct current side of a second bridge arm of the second full-bridge converter is respectively relative to a phase angle between the negative and positive zero-crossing time of a fundamental component of excitation voltage generated by the second full-bridge converter, wherein the former is in advance of the latter and the former is in lag behind the latter;
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the inverter half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state;
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the rectified full-bridge mode, then:
if the second full-bridge converter operates in the rectifying half-bridge mode, then:
meanwhile, the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the positive pole of the direct current side is always kept in an off state, and the switching tube of the second bridge arm close to the negative pole of the direct current side is always kept in an on state.
2. The bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of claim 1, wherein the first full-bridge inverter is a secondary full-bridge inverter and the second full-bridge inverter is a primary full-bridge inverter, or the first full-bridge inverter is a primary full-bridge inverter and the second full-bridge inverter is a secondary full-bridge inverter.
3. The bilateral asymmetric voltage control method of claim 1 wherein if the desired power transfer direction is from the second full-bridge inverter to the first full-bridge inverter, then θ is calculated2,recAnd theta1,inv(ii) a If the required power transfer direction is from the first full-bridge inverter to the second full-bridge inverter, then θ is calculated2,invAnd theta1,recAre respectively expressed by the following formulas:
wherein atan2 is a four quadrant arctangent function, β2+Is a positive pulse width angle, β2-For a negative pulse width angle, rec represents the rectification mode and inv represents the inversion mode.
4. The method of bilateral asymmetric voltage control for a two-way wireless power transfer system of claim 1 wherein at calculated β1tWithin the value range of (A), selecting the optimal β1tSuch that the excitation voltage ratio k is equal to the optimum excitation voltage ratio koptMost closely, it is formulated as:
wherein, U1mFundamental amplitude, U, of the excitation voltage generated for the second full-bridge inverter2mFundamental amplitude, r, of the excitation voltage generated for the first full-bridge inverter1Is an equivalent loss resistance on the side of the second full-bridge inverter, r2Is the equivalent loss resistance on one side of the first full-bridge inverter.
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