CN110571899A - Constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method of wireless power transmission system based on variable-step-size disturbance observation method - Google Patents

Constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method of wireless power transmission system based on variable-step-size disturbance observation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110571899A
CN110571899A CN201910871505.8A CN201910871505A CN110571899A CN 110571899 A CN110571899 A CN 110571899A CN 201910871505 A CN201910871505 A CN 201910871505A CN 110571899 A CN110571899 A CN 110571899A
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Prior art keywords
phase shift
shift angle
primary side
current
disturbance
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宋凯
魏睿智
朱春波
逯仁贵
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Chuanneng Electric Suzhou Co Ltd
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Chuanneng Electric Suzhou Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of a wireless power transmission system based on a variable step size disturbance observation method, which comprises the following steps of 1: initial phase shift angle alpha of given primary side inverter0For ensuring the rated output current of the system; step 2: the secondary controllable rectifier converter detects the output current I through the current sampling detection systemosimultaneously, the secondary side controller adjusts the phase shift angle beta of the PWM signal to control the output current IoReaching a preset value; and step 3: primary side inverter detects input current I through current sampling detection system based on variable step disturbance observation methoddcAt the same time, the PW is disturbed by a primary side controllerphase shift angle alpha of M signal when tracking system input current Idcand stopping disturbance when the minimum time is reached, wherein the system efficiency is optimal. The constant current output and the highest efficiency of the system are realized by adjusting the phase shift angle of the primary side inverter circuit based on a variable step disturbance observation method and adjusting the phase shift angle of the secondary side controllable rectifier bridge based on a PI control algorithm.

Description

Constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method of wireless power transmission system based on variable-step-size disturbance observation method
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the field of radio, and provides a method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of a wireless power transmission system based on a variable step size disturbance observation method.
Background
The wireless electric energy transmission system has the advantages of high safety, strong convenience, large charging range and the like, and gradually becomes a popular research direction in the field of electrical engineering; the deep research on the technology greatly promotes the development of the related industries such as electric automobiles, wearable equipment, implantable medical equipment and the like.
In conjunction with the typical "three-step" charging curve of the battery of fig. 1, the battery should be charged with a constant current (hereinafter referred to as a constant current) during most of the charging process. During constant current charging of the battery, the battery voltage increases with time, and therefore, the internal resistance of the battery increases with time; however, for a set of designed wireless power transmission systems, the equivalent resistance value corresponding to the highest efficiency is unique, which provides a severe test for ensuring both constant current charging and the highest system efficiency in the battery charging process.
in the method in the prior art, when the load value changes, the method cannot be used, the volume of a secondary side of the system is increased, the portability of the system is reduced, and the complexity of the system is greatly increased.
when the prior art carries out constant current output control and efficiency improvement on a wireless power transmission system, either two targets cannot be met simultaneously, or an additional hardware circuit needs to be added, or the algorithm is high in complexity, consumes much time and has relatively large errors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling constant current output and improving efficiency of a wireless power transmission system based on a variable step size disturbance observation method, which is characterized in that the minimum value and the output current value of the input current of the system are detected, the phase shift angle of a primary side inverter circuit is adjusted based on the variable step size disturbance observation method on the basis of the method, and the phase shift angle of a secondary side controllable rectifier bridge is adjusted based on a PI control algorithm, so that the constant current output and the highest efficiency of the system are realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a wireless power transmission system constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method based on a variable-step disturbance observation method is disclosed, the wireless power transmission system comprises a primary side controller, a primary side inverter, a magnetic coupling mechanism, a secondary side controllable rectification converter and a secondary side controller, the primary side controller is connected with the primary side inverter through an isolation drive, the primary side inverter is connected with the secondary side controllable rectification converter through the magnetic coupling mechanism, the secondary side controllable rectification converter is connected with the secondary side controller, and the working frequencies of the primary side inverter, the magnetic coupling mechanism and the secondary side controllable rectification converter are the same;
The method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of the wireless power transmission system specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: initial phase shift angle alpha of given primary side inverter0Said initial phase shift angle α0The rated output current of the system is ensured;
step 2: the secondary controllable rectifier converter detects the output current I through the current sampling detection systemoSimultaneously, the secondary side controller adjusts the phase shift angle alpha of the PWM signal to control the output current IoReaching a preset value;
and step 3: primary side inverter detects input current I through current sampling detection system based on variable step disturbance observation methoddcAt the same time, the phase shift angle beta of the PWM signal is disturbed through the primary side controller, and when the input current I of the system is trackeddcStopping the disturbance when the minimum time is reached;
and 4, step 4: and continuously repeating the steps 2 to 3 in the battery charging process until the charging is finished.
In the step 3, the current sampling detection system detects the input current IdcAdjusting the phase shift angle alpha of the PWM signal by a variable step disturbance observation method, which comprisesThe following steps:
Step 3.1: after starting according to the input current IdcK number of perturbations Idc(k) By the formula:
ΔIdc＝Idc(k)-Idc(k-1)
calculating | Δ IdcThe numerical value of |;
Step 3.2: judgment of | Δ IdcWhether | is equal to 0;
When | Δ IdcWhen | ≠ 0, judge | Δ IdcWhether | is greater than a threshold value a,
When | Δ IdcIf | is greater than a, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2;
Or when | Δ Idcjudging whether the phase shift angle disturbance value | delta | is greater than a threshold value B when | is less than or equal to A,
When | Δ IdcIf | is greater than B, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3;
or when | Δ IdcIf | is less than or equal to B, then | Δ | ═ step length Δ 1;
when the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2, the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3, or the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 1, it is determined that Δ I is presentdcWhether or not it is less than 0, and,
When Δ IdcIf < 0, then | Δ | ═ Δ;
Or when Δ IdcWhen the value is more than or equal to 0, the formula α (k) ═ α (k-1) + Δ is obtained, and the steps 3.1 to 3.2 are repeated continuously until | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends;
step 3.3: when | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends.
| Δ | is a disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal, - Δ represents a negative disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal, and Δ represents a positive disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal.
The topology in the magnetic coupling mechanism is a string SS basic topology, a bilateral LCC composite topology, an S-LCC composite topology or an LCC-S composite topology.
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1, forming a circuit parameter expression according to the currently used topological structure;
Step 2.2, calculating the transmission efficiency eta of the system according to the circuit parameter expression;
Step 2.3, the transmission efficiency eta of the system is derived to obtain the optimal equivalent load value Re_opt；
Step 2.4 the load of the secondary controllable rectifier converter is the equivalent load R of the primary invertereIs composed of
In the formula Rois a load resistor, beta is a secondary controllable rectification phase shift angle;
Therefore, the output of constant current I of the equivalent load is ensuredein the case of achieving R of maximum efficiencye_optTracking, equivalent to the primary DC bus voltage UbusAt a certain time, searching the minimum value I of the input current of the direct current busdc_minI.e. by
In the formula Iefor equivalent load current, Re_optFor the optimum equivalent load value, Idc_minis the minimum value of the input current of the DC bus, UbusIs the primary side direct current bus voltage;
The secondary side PI control algorithm adjusts the secondary side controllable rectification phase shift angle beta to enable the equivalent load value ReTo reach the optimum load value Re_optThereby the system efficiency reaches the optimum eta \uoptThe root cause for forcing the change of the beta is to utilize a variable step size disturbance observation algorithm to disturb and adjust the phase shift angle alpha of the primary side inverter so as to lead the constant current output of the system.
The primary side inverter topology is an inverter or an inverter formed by combining a DC-DC converter and an inverter.
the secondary side controllable rectifying converter is a rectifier formed by a bridgeless rectifier or a combination of a full-bridge rectifier and a DC-DC converter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that an additional wireless communication circuit is not needed, mutual inductance estimation is not needed, the given value of the primary side current is not needed to be calculated in real time, the expression of the primary side control variable and the secondary side control variable is not needed to be given, the constant current output of the system and the tracking of the highest efficiency can be realized only by detecting the value of the primary side input current, the algorithm of the system is simple and rapid, and the overshoot phenomenon is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a conventional constant current and constant voltage charging curve of a battery;
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a bilateral LCC composite topology of the constant current output control and efficiency improvement method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a SS basic topology flow chart of the constant current output control and efficiency improvement method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a model architecture diagram of the constant current output control and efficiency improvement method of the present invention.
fig. 5 shows the constant output current and minimum input current tracking waveforms of the present invention.
FIG. 6 shows the comparison of the efficiency of the system according to the present invention with that without the method according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of constant output current and minimum input current tracking when the coil is shifted according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A wireless power transmission system constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method based on a variable-step disturbance observation method is disclosed, the wireless power transmission system comprises a primary side controller, a primary side inverter, a magnetic coupling mechanism, a secondary side controllable rectification converter and a secondary side controller, the primary side controller is connected with the primary side inverter through an isolation drive, the primary side inverter is connected with the secondary side controllable rectification converter through the magnetic coupling mechanism, the secondary side controllable rectification converter is connected with the secondary side controller, and the working frequencies of the primary side inverter, the magnetic coupling mechanism and the secondary side controllable rectification converter are the same;
The method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of the wireless power transmission system specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: initial phase shift angle alpha of given primary side inverter0Said initial phase shift angle α0the rated output current of the system is ensured;
Step 2: the secondary controllable rectifier converter detects the output current I through the current sampling detection systemoSimultaneously, the secondary side controller adjusts the phase shift angle alpha of the PWM signal to control the output current Ioreaching a preset value;
And step 3: primary side inverter detects input current I through current sampling detection system based on variable step disturbance observation methoddcAt the same time, the phase shift angle beta of the PWM signal is disturbed through the primary side controller, and when the input current I of the system is trackeddcStopping disturbance when the minimum time is reached, and then optimizing the system efficiency;
And 4, step 4: and continuously repeating the steps 2 to 3 in the battery charging process until the charging is finished.
In the step 3, the current sampling detection system detects the input current Idcadjusting a phase shift angle alpha of a PWM signal by a variable step disturbance observation method, wherein the variable step disturbance observation method comprises the following steps:
Step 3.1: after starting according to the input current IdcK number of perturbations Idc(k) By the formula:
ΔIdc＝Idc(k)-Idc(k-1)
Calculating | Δ IdcThe numerical value of |;
step 3.2: judgment of | Δ IdcWhether | is equal to 0;
When | Δ IdcWhen | ≠ 0, judge | Δ Idcwhether | is greater than a threshold value a,
When | Δ IdcIf | is greater than a, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2;
Or when | Δ IdcJudging whether the phase shift angle disturbance value | delta | is greater than a threshold value B when | is less than or equal to A,
when | Δ IdcIf | is greater than B, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3;
Or when | Δ IdcIf | is less than or equal to B, then | Δ | ═ step length Δ 1;
When the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2, the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3, or the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 1, it is determined that Δ I is presentdcWhether or not it is less than 0, and,
When Δ IdcIf < 0, then | Δ | ═ Δ;
or when Δ IdcWhen the value is more than or equal to 0, the formula α (k) ═ α (k-1) + Δ is obtained, and the steps 3.1 to 3.2 are repeated continuously until | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends;
step 3.3: when | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends.
| Δ | is a disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal, - Δ represents a negative disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal, and Δ represents a positive disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal.
The magnetic coupling mechanism of the wireless electric energy transmission system adopts a bilateral LCC composite topology, the primary side inverter is in a single inverter structure, and the secondary side rectifier adopts a controllable rectification structure. For topologies of other forms, the method can be used for constant current output control and system efficiency improvement only by establishing a functional relation between parameters according to a system model.
Specifically, the switching tube Q1～Q4Form a primary side full-bridge inverter circuit, two groups of switching tubes (Q)1And Q4) And (Q)2and Q3) Alternately conducting, its output voltage UsTransmitting coil L of primary side circuitpinternal resistance R of the transmitting coilpprimary side compensation inductance L1Series resonant capacitor CpParallel resonant capacitor C1forming a primary side resonant circuit; receiving coil L of secondary side circuitsInternal resistance R of the transmitting coilssecondary side compensation inductance L2series resonant capacitor CsParallel resonant capacitor C2Forming a secondary resonant circuit. Energy is transmitted to the secondary side from the transmitting coil through a space magnetic field and is subjected to controllable rectification and filtration of a secondary side circuitafter the wave circuit, is a load Ro(battery, super capacitor, etc.) provides direct current.
In order to reduce the reactive power input by the power supply and improve the power transmission performance of the system, the primary side and the secondary side resonant frequency are generally ensured to be consistent with the system working frequency omega as far as possible. Therefore, the circuit parameters designed by the invention satisfy the following relational expression:
System transmission efficiency eta of
Where M is mutual inductance, omega is system operating frequency, ReFor an equivalent load, L2Compensating the inductance, R, for the secondary sidepFor transmitting coil internal resistance, RsIs the internal resistance of the transmitting coil.
By taking the derivatives of the above formula, the optimal equivalent load R satisfying the highest efficiency can be obtainede_optIs composed of
Equivalent load R seen from controllable rectification of secondary sideeis composed of
in the formula RoIs load resistance, beta is the controllable rectification phase shift angle of the secondary side.
therefore, the output of constant current I of the equivalent load is ensuredeIn the case of realizing the maximum efficiency Re_optis equivalent to the primary side DC bus voltage Ubusat a certain time, searching the minimum value I of the input current of the direct current busdc_minI.e. by
In the formula eta \uoptFor optimum transmission efficiency, IeFor equivalent load current, Re_optFor the optimum equivalent load value, Idc_minIs the minimum value of the input current of the DC bus, UbusIs the primary side direct current bus voltage.
Therefore, the secondary side PI control algorithm shown in FIG. 2 can be used to adjust the secondary side controllable rectification phase shift angle beta to make the equivalent load value ReTo reach the optimum load value Re_optSo that the system efficiency reaches the optimum transmission efficiency eta \uoptThe root cause for forcing the change of the beta is to utilize a variable step size disturbance observation algorithm shown in fig. 4 to disturb and adjust the phase shift angle alpha of the primary side inverter, so as to output the constant current of the system. Therefore, in order to ensure full power output, when the input voltage of the system is unchanged and the input current is tracked to be minimum, the efficiency of the system reaches the maximum, and therefore, the moment when the disturbance stops can be judged by detecting the minimum value of the input current.
FIG. 5 shows the load voltage UoThe result of charging from 20V to 40V shows the output current IoThe constant is kept, and the system input current is gradually reduced under the variable step disturbance observation method provided by the invention. The efficiency of the system is improved as shown in fig. 6, the efficiency of the system is kept about 75% by using the method provided by the invention, but the efficiency without using the method is only 40% along with the increase of the load voltage, thus proving the effectiveness of the invention.
example 2
A wireless power transmission system constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method based on a variable-step disturbance observation method is disclosed, the wireless power transmission system comprises a primary side controller, a primary side inverter, a magnetic coupling mechanism, a secondary side controllable rectification converter and a secondary side controller, the primary side controller is connected with the primary side inverter through an isolation drive, the primary side inverter is connected with the secondary side controllable rectification converter through the magnetic coupling mechanism, the secondary side controllable rectification converter is connected with the secondary side controller, and the working frequencies of the primary side inverter, the magnetic coupling mechanism and the secondary side controllable rectification converter are the same;
The method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of the wireless power transmission system specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: initial phase shift angle alpha of given primary side inverter0Said initial phase shift angle α0The rated output current of the system is ensured;
Step 2: the secondary controllable rectifier converter detects the output current I through the current sampling detection systemoSimultaneously, the secondary side controller adjusts the phase shift angle alpha of the PWM signal to control the output current IoReaching a preset value;
And step 3: primary side inverter detects input current I through current sampling detection system based on variable step disturbance observation methoddcat the same time, the phase shift angle beta of the PWM signal is disturbed through the primary side controller, and when the input current I of the system is trackeddcStopping disturbance when the minimum time is reached, and then optimizing the system efficiency;
And 4, step 4: and continuously repeating the steps 2 to 3 in the battery charging process until the charging is finished.
In the step 3, the current sampling detection system detects the input current IdcAdjusting a phase shift angle alpha of a PWM signal by a variable step disturbance observation method, wherein the variable step disturbance observation method comprises the following steps:
Step 3.1: after starting according to the input current IdcK number of perturbations Idc(k) By the formula:
ΔIdc＝Idc(k)-Idc(k-1)
Calculating | Δ Idcthe numerical value of |;
step 3.2: judgment of | Δ IdcWhether | is equal to 0;
when | Δ IdcWhen | ≠ 0, judge | Δ Idcwhether | is greater than a threshold value a,
When | Δ IdcIf | is greater than a, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2;
Or when | Δ Idcjudging whether the phase shift angle disturbance value | delta | is greater than a threshold value B when | is less than or equal to A,
when | Δ IdcIf | is greater than B, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3;
Or when | Δ IdcIf | is less than or equal to B, then | Δ | ═ step length Δ 1;
When the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2, the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3, or the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 1, it is determined that Δ I is presentdcWhether or not it is less than 0, and,
when Δ Idcif < 0, then | Δ | ═ Δ;
Or when Δ Idcwhen the value is more than or equal to 0, the formula α (k) ═ α (k-1) + Δ is obtained, and the steps 3.1 to 3.2 are repeated continuously until | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends;
Step 3.3: when | Δ Idcwhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends.
| Δ | is a disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal, - Δ represents a negative disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal, and Δ represents a positive disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the conditioning PWM signal.
As shown in fig. 3, the magnetic coupling mechanism of the wireless power transmission system adopts a series (SS) basic topology, the primary side inverter is in a single inverter structure, and the secondary side rectifier adopts a controllable rectification structure. And establishing a functional relation between parameters according to a system model, and carrying out constant current output control and system efficiency improvement by adopting the method.
Specifically, the switching tube Q1～Q4Form a primary side full-bridge inverter circuit, two groups of switching tubes (Q)1And Q4) And (Q)2And Q3) Alternately conducting, its output voltage UsTransmitting coil L of primary side circuitpinternal resistance R of the transmitting coilpSeries resonant capacitor Cpforming a primary side resonant circuit; receiving coil L of secondary side circuitsInternal resistance R of the transmitting coilsseries resonant capacitor CsForming a secondary resonant circuit. Energy is transmitted to the secondary side from the transmitting coil through a space magnetic field and is taken as a load R after passing through a controllable rectifying and filtering circuit of a secondary side circuito(battery, super capacitor, etc.) provides direct current.
in order to reduce the reactive power input by the power supply and improve the power transmission performance of the system, the primary side and the secondary side resonant frequency are generally ensured to be consistent with the system working frequency omega as far as possible. Therefore, the circuit parameters designed by the invention satisfy the following relational expression:
System transmission efficiency eta of
Where M is mutual inductance, omega is system operating frequency, ReFor equivalent load, RpFor transmitting coil internal resistance, RsIs the internal resistance of the transmitting coil.
By taking the derivatives of the above formula, the optimal equivalent load R satisfying the highest efficiency can be obtainede_optIs composed of
Equivalent load R seen from controllable rectification of secondary sideeIs composed of
In the formula Rois load resistance, beta is the controllable rectification phase shift angle of the secondary side.
Therefore, the output of constant current I of the equivalent load is ensuredein the case of realizing the maximum efficiency Re_optTracking, equivalent to the primary DC bus voltage UbusAt a certain time, searching the minimum value I of the input current of the direct current busdc_minI.e. by
In the formula IeFor equivalent load current, Re_optFor the optimum equivalent load value, Idc_minIs the minimum value of the input current of the DC bus, Ubusis the primary side direct current bus voltage.
Therefore, the secondary side PI control algorithm shown in FIG. 3 can be used to adjust the secondary side controllable rectification phase shift angle beta to make the equivalent load value ReTo reach the optimum load value Re_optThereby the system efficiency reaches the optimum eta \uoptthe root cause for forcing the change of the beta is to utilize a variable step size disturbance observation algorithm shown in fig. 4 to disturb and adjust the phase shift angle alpha of the primary side inverter, so as to output the constant current of the system. Therefore, in order to ensure full power output, when the input voltage of the system is unchanged and the input current is tracked to be minimum, the efficiency of the system reaches the maximum, and therefore, the moment when the disturbance stops can be judged by detecting the minimum value of the input current.
FIG. 7 shows the results when the coil is suddenly shifted, and it can be seen that the system input current tracks the minimum I under the observation of the variable step disturbance proposed by the present inventiondc_minAnd when the coil suddenly shifts (mutual inductance M changes), as shown by the dashed line box in fig. 7, the dc bus input current IdcChanges will occur under their influence, but then the minimum will continue to be tracked. And in the whole process, the current I is outputoThe constant current and the maximum efficiency tracking of the system can be maintained in a self-adaptive mode by utilizing the method provided by the invention without mutual inductance estimation and bilateral wireless communication.
The magnetic coupling mechanism of the wireless power transmission system can also adopt an S-LCC composite topology or an LCC-S composite topology, the primary side inverter and the secondary side rectifier are the same as those in the embodiments 1 and 2, and the method can be used for constant current output control and system efficiency improvement.

Claims (7)

1. A method for controlling constant current output and improving efficiency of a wireless power transmission system based on a variable step disturbance observation method is characterized in that the wireless power transmission system comprises a primary side controller, a primary side inverter, a magnetic coupling mechanism, a secondary side controllable rectifying converter and a secondary side controller, wherein the primary side controller is connected with the primary side inverter through an isolation drive, the primary side inverter is connected with the secondary side controllable rectifying converter through the magnetic coupling mechanism, the secondary side controllable rectifying converter is connected with the secondary side controller, and the working frequencies of the primary side inverter, the magnetic coupling mechanism and the secondary side controllable rectifying converter are the same;
The method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of the wireless power transmission system specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: initial phase shift angle alpha of given primary side inverter0Said initial phase shift angle α0The rated output current of the system is ensured;
Step 2: the secondary controllable rectifier converter detects the output current I through the current sampling detection systemoSimultaneously, the secondary side controller adjusts the phase shift angle alpha of the PWM signal to control the output current IoReaching a preset value;
And step 3: primary side inverter detects input current I through current sampling detection system based on variable step disturbance observation methoddcAt the same time, the phase shift angle beta of the PWM signal is disturbed through the primary side controller, and when the input current I of the system is trackeddcStopping the disturbance when the minimum time is reached;
and 4, step 4: and continuously repeating the steps 2 to 3 in the battery charging process until the charging is finished.
2. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current sampling detection system detects the input current I in step 3dcAdjusting a phase shift angle alpha of a PWM signal by a variable step disturbance observation method, wherein the variable step disturbance observation method comprises the following steps:
Step 3.1: after starting according to the input current IdcK number of perturbations Idc(k) By the formula:
ΔIdc＝Idc(k)-Idc(k-1)
calculating | Δ IdcThe numerical value of |;
Step 3.2: judgment of | Δ IdcWhether | is equal to 0;
When | Δ IdcWhen | ≠ 0, judge | Δ IdcWhether | is greater than a threshold value a,
When | Δ Idcif | is greater than a, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2;
or when | Δ Idcjudging whether the phase shift angle disturbance value | delta | is greater than a threshold value B when | is less than or equal to A,
When | Δ IdcIf | is greater than B, then | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3;
Or when | Δ IdcIf | is less than or equal to B, then | Δ | ═ step length Δ 1;
When the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 2, the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 3, or the phase shift angle disturbance value | Δ | ═ step size Δ 1, it is determined that Δ I is presentdcWhether or not it is less than 0, and,
When Δ Idcif < 0, then | Δ | ═ Δ;
Or when Δ Idcwhen the value is more than or equal to 0, the formula α (k) ═ α (k-1) + Δ is obtained, and the steps 3.1 to 3.2 are repeated continuously until | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends;
Step 3.3: when | Δ IdcWhen | ═ 0, the procedure ends.
3. The method for controlling constant current output and improving efficiency of the wireless power transmission system based on the variable step disturbance observation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein | Δ | is a disturbance value providing a phase shift angle α of the regulating PWM signal, - Δ represents a negative disturbance value providing the phase shift angle α of the regulating PWM signal, and Δ represents a positive disturbance value providing the phase shift angle α of the regulating PWM signal.
4. The method for constant-current output control and efficiency improvement of the wireless power transmission system based on the variable-step-size disturbance observation method according to claim 1, wherein the topology in the magnetic coupling mechanism is a series SS basic topology, a bilateral LCC composite topology, an S-LCC composite topology or an LCC-S composite topology.
5. The method for constant current output control and efficiency improvement of the wireless power transmission system based on the variable step size disturbance observation method according to claim 4, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises:
Step 2.1, forming a circuit parameter expression according to the currently used topological structure;
Step 2.2, calculating the transmission efficiency eta of the system according to the circuit parameter expression;
Step 2.3, the transmission efficiency eta of the system is derived to obtain the optimal equivalent load value Re_opt；
Step 2.4 the load of the secondary controllable rectifier converter is the equivalent load R of the primary invertereIs composed of
In the formula Rois a load resistor, beta is a secondary controllable rectification phase shift angle;
Therefore, the output of constant current I of the equivalent load is ensuredeIn the case of achieving R of maximum efficiencye_optTracking, equivalent to the primary DC bus voltage Ubusat a certain time, searching the minimum value I of the input current of the direct current busdc_minI.e. by
In the formula IeFor equivalent load current, Re_optFor the optimum equivalent load value, Idc_minIs the minimum value of the input current of the DC bus, UbusIs the primary side direct current bus voltage;
the secondary side PI control algorithm adjusts the secondary side controllable rectification phase shift angle beta to enable the equivalent load value Reto reach the optimum load value Re_optthereby the system efficiency reaches the optimum eta \uoptThe root cause for forcing the change of the beta is to utilize a variable step size disturbance observation algorithm to disturb and adjust the phase shift angle alpha of the primary side inverter so as to lead the constant current output of the system.
6. The method for controlling constant current output and improving efficiency of the wireless power transmission system based on the variable-step disturbance observation method according to claim 1, wherein the topology of the primary side inverter is an inverter or an inverter formed by combining a DC-DC converter and an inverter.
7. the method for controlling constant current output and improving efficiency of the wireless power transmission system based on the variable-step-size disturbance observation method according to claim 1, wherein the secondary-side controllable rectifying converter is a bridgeless rectifier or a rectifier formed by combining a full-bridge rectifier and a DC-DC converter.
CN201910871505.8A 2019-09-16 2019-09-16 Constant-current output control and efficiency improvement method of wireless power transmission system based on variable-step-size disturbance observation method Pending CN110571899A (en)

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