CN110571107B - Hydraulic operating mechanism and circuit breaker - Google Patents
Hydraulic operating mechanism and circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN110571107B CN110571107B CN201910678105.5A CN201910678105A CN110571107B CN 110571107 B CN110571107 B CN 110571107B CN 201910678105 A CN201910678105 A CN 201910678105A CN 110571107 B CN110571107 B CN 110571107B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000009351 contact transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/24—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using pneumatic or hydraulic actuator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
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- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of contact operating mechanisms of electric switches, in particular to a hydraulic operating mechanism and a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker comprises a fracture structure and a hydraulic operating mechanism, wherein the fracture structure comprises a moving contact and a fixed contact, and the hydraulic operating mechanism comprises a main rotating shaft, a working cylinder, a hydraulic system and a buffer; the working cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a differential piston; the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil way and a reversing valve; the action end of the buffer is provided with a connecting long hole extending along the moving direction; the main rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a piston rod on the differential piston through a crank arm and is connected with a connecting long hole of the buffer through the crank arm; when the differential mechanism is used, the main rotating shaft is connected with a moving contact of the circuit breaker through a crank arm transmission, and the main rotating shaft synchronously drives the moving contact to perform opening and closing actions when the differential piston moves; a special buffer is arranged in the hydraulic operating mechanism to realize the buffering in the closing action. The circuit breaker is used for solving the problem that the circuit breaker in the prior art is long in opening or closing time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of contact operating mechanisms of electric switches, in particular to a hydraulic operating mechanism and a circuit breaker.
Background
The existing circuit breaker is usually operated by a hydraulic operating mechanism, and the action output end of the hydraulic operating mechanism is in transmission connection with a moving contact at a fracture structure in the circuit breaker and drives the moving contact to realize the opening and closing action.
For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN106783420B describes a spring energy storage type hydraulic operating mechanism for a circuit breaker, which is a common hydraulic operating mechanism in a circuit breaker; in order to improve the mechanical life of the circuit breaker, a buffer stroke is usually set in both the closing process and the opening process of a differential piston in a working cylinder of the hydraulic operating mechanism, the buffer stroke is usually realized by setting an opening buffer step and a closing buffer step on both sides of the differential piston, setting an opening buffer sleeve and a closing buffer sleeve on the end part of an inner cavity of the corresponding working cylinder, and forming a buffer throttling gap by entering the opening buffer sleeve and the closing buffer step into the closing buffer sleeve through the opening buffer step.
The hydraulic operating mechanism of the above form has the following problems: 1) when the opening and closing operation is started, oil can only flow into the inner cavity of the working cylinder from the buffer throttling gap and the small hole formed in the buffer sleeve, so that the oil supply is insufficient, the starting force of the hydraulic operating mechanism is insufficient, the starting is slow, and the opening and closing time is long; 2) the design of the buffering throttling gap is related to the structure of an arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker, and once the structure of the arc extinguish chamber is changed, a new working cylinder needs to be designed, which is very troublesome; 3) in the process of opening the brake of the hydraulic operating mechanism, when the hydraulic operating mechanism enters a buffer stroke, the differential piston can bear a large reaction force, the reaction force can be transmitted to the piston rod, and the piston rod is generally long and thin, so that the phenomenon of unstable bending or breaking of the piston rod can be easily caused; 4) because the pressure-bearing areas of the differential piston and the buffer sleeve are generally small, the pressure of oil can be very high when the differential piston and the buffer sleeve enter a buffer stroke, a sealing ring can be damaged, and even the working cylinder can be deformed; 5) because the buffer sleeve and the buffer step are arranged in the inner cavity of the working cylinder, when the hydraulic control mechanism needs to be adjusted or modified, the whole hydraulic control mechanism needs to be disassembled, so that the workload is large, and the hydraulic control mechanism is very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic operating mechanism, which is used for solving the problem that the starting force of the hydraulic operating mechanism in the prior art is insufficient, so that the opening or closing time of a breaker is long; the invention also provides a breaker, which is used for solving the problem of long opening or closing time of the breaker in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the hydraulic operating mechanism provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the hydraulic operating mechanism comprises:
a main rotating shaft;
the working cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a differential piston which is arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding way;
the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil way and a reversing valve;
a rod cavity of the working cylinder body, which is sealed and separated by the differential piston, is communicated with a main oil inlet of the reversing valve, and a rodless cavity of the working cylinder body, which is sealed and separated by the differential piston, is communicated with a working oil inlet of the reversing valve;
the action end of the buffer is provided with a connecting long hole extending along the moving direction of the buffer;
the main rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a piston rod on the differential piston through a crank arm and is connected with a connecting long hole of the buffer through the crank arm;
when the differential mechanism is used, the main rotating shaft is connected with a moving contact of the circuit breaker through a crank arm transmission, and the main rotating shaft synchronously drives the moving contact to perform opening and closing actions when the differential piston moves;
in the opening and closing movement stroke of the differential piston, the oil inlet and outlet flow of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity is kept unchanged, and in the tail section of the opening and closing stroke of the movable contact, the main rotating shaft drives the buffer to act for buffering;
or the differential piston buffers at the tail section of one of the opening stroke and the closing stroke by forming a throttling gap between the differential piston and the inner cavity of the working cylinder in the moving stroke, and the tail section of the other of the differential piston buffers by driving the buffer to act through the main rotating shaft.
The hydraulic operating mechanism provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydraulic operating mechanism provides buffering force required when the breaker is opened and/or closed to enter a buffering stroke through the buffer, and the end part of the inner cavity of the working cylinder does not need to form a throttling gap for buffering, so that, when the opening and/or closing of the circuit breaker are started, oil can directly enter the inner cavity of the working cylinder and instantaneously acts on the differential piston, so that the driving force applied to the differential piston during starting is greatly increased, which is equivalent to greatly improving the starting force of the hydraulic operating mechanism, meanwhile, the action end of the buffer is provided with a connecting long hole, the buffer can only act when the buffering force is needed by designing the length of the connecting long hole, therefore, the differential piston can not be subjected to resistance from the buffer when being started, so that the starting acceleration of the differential piston is greatly increased, and the opening and closing time of the circuit breaker is further shortened.
Furthermore, the main rotating shaft is respectively connected with the working cylinder, the buffer and the breaker moving contact through three crank arm transmissions. The arrangement is convenient for the arrangement of the working cylinder, the buffer and the moving contact of the circuit breaker.
Furthermore, the main rotating shaft extends horizontally, the connecting lever in the three connecting levers, which is in transmission connection with the working cylinder and the buffer, is positioned on one side of a vertical plane passing through the axis of the main rotating shaft, and the connecting lever in transmission connection with the moving contact of the circuit breaker is positioned on the other side of the vertical plane passing through the axis of the main rotating shaft. Set up like this, make the atress of main pivot more balanced, can improve the stability of main pivot, in addition, on the basis of satisfying the assembly condition of buffer, working cylinder and circuit breaker moving contact, can shorten the length of main pivot.
Furthermore, a crank arm in transmission connection with a moving contact of the circuit breaker is positioned between the other two crank arms. By the arrangement, when the hydraulic operating mechanism is used, stress points of acting forces of the three crank arms on the main rotating shaft are distributed uniformly, and deformation of the main rotating shaft due to stress can be avoided.
Further, the buffer is a hydraulic buffer. The hydraulic buffer is made of hydraulic oil as a material required by operation, so that the operation cost is low; the stress of the hydraulic buffer is stable in the operation process; the hydraulic buffer occupies a small space, so that the occupied space of the whole hydraulic operating mechanism can be reduced; the hydraulic shock absorber has a long service life.
Furthermore, hydraulic buffer includes buffer cylinder, sliding seal installs the buffer piston in the buffer cylinder and the buffer piston rod that links firmly with buffer piston, and last articulated connecting rod that has of buffer piston rod, the one end that buffer piston was kept away from to the connecting rod constitutes the action end, on connecting slot hole setting and the connecting rod, be provided with the fluid circulation flow channel of two sealed divided cavitys of intercommunication by buffer piston in the cylinder body of buffer cylinder, buffer piston cushions through forming the throttle clearance with the inner chamber of buffer cylinder in the removal stroke. The hydraulic buffer has a simple structure.
Furthermore, the hydraulic buffer is provided with a buffer step at the end part of the buffer piston, a buffer sleeve is arranged at the corresponding end of the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder, and after the buffer step enters the buffer sleeve in the moving process of the buffer piston, a throttling gap is formed between the buffer step and the buffer sleeve to realize buffering. Realize its buffer function through buffering step and cushion collar, cushion collar and buffering step all set up in the buffer cylinder body, have reduced hydraulic buffer's volume.
The circuit breaker provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
this circuit breaker includes fracture structure and hydraulic pressure operating mechanism, and fracture structure includes moving contact and static contact, and hydraulic pressure operating mechanism includes:
a main rotating shaft;
the working cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a differential piston which is arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding way;
the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil way and a reversing valve;
a rod cavity of the working cylinder body, which is sealed and separated by the differential piston, is communicated with a main oil inlet of the reversing valve, and a rodless cavity of the working cylinder body, which is sealed and separated by the differential piston, is communicated with a working oil inlet of the reversing valve;
the action end of the buffer is provided with a connecting long hole extending along the moving direction of the buffer;
the main rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a piston rod on the differential piston through a crank arm and is connected with a connecting long hole of the buffer through the crank arm;
when the differential mechanism is used, the main rotating shaft is connected with a moving contact of the circuit breaker through a crank arm transmission, and the main rotating shaft synchronously drives the moving contact to perform opening and closing actions when the differential piston moves;
in the opening and closing movement stroke of the differential piston, the oil inlet and outlet flow of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity is kept unchanged, and in the tail section of the opening and closing stroke of the movable contact, the main rotating shaft drives the buffer to act for buffering;
or the tail section of the differential piston in one of the opening stroke and the closing stroke is buffered by forming a throttling gap between the differential piston in the moving stroke and the inner cavity of the working cylinder, and the tail section of the differential piston in the other stroke drives the buffer to act through the main rotating shaft for buffering;
the crank arm of the hydraulic operating mechanism is in transmission connection with the moving contact of the fracture structure and drives the moving contact to open and close.
The circuit breaker provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydraulic operating mechanism in the circuit breaker provides buffering force required when the circuit breaker is opened and/or closed to enter a buffering stroke through the buffer, and the end part of the inner cavity of the working cylinder does not need to form a throttling gap for buffering, so that, when the opening and/or closing of the circuit breaker are started, oil can directly enter the inner cavity of the working cylinder and instantaneously acts on the differential piston, so that the driving force applied to the differential piston during starting is greatly increased, which is equivalent to greatly improving the starting force of the hydraulic operating mechanism, meanwhile, the action end of the buffer is provided with a connecting long hole, the buffer can only act when the buffering force is needed by designing the length of the connecting long hole, therefore, the differential piston can not be subjected to resistance from the buffer when being started, so that the starting acceleration of the differential piston is greatly increased, and the opening and closing time of the circuit breaker is further shortened.
Furthermore, the main rotating shaft is respectively connected with the working cylinder, the buffer and the breaker moving contact through three crank arm transmissions. By the arrangement, the arrangement of the working cylinder, the buffer and the circuit breaker is convenient.
Furthermore, the main rotating shaft extends horizontally, the connecting lever in the three connecting levers, which is in transmission connection with the working cylinder and the buffer, is positioned on one side of a vertical plane passing through the axis of the main rotating shaft, and the connecting lever in transmission connection with the moving contact of the circuit breaker is positioned on the other side of the vertical plane passing through the axis of the main rotating shaft. Set up like this, make the atress of main pivot more balanced, can improve the stability of main pivot, in addition, on the basis of satisfying the assembly condition of buffer, working cylinder and circuit breaker moving contact, can shorten the length of main pivot.
Furthermore, a crank arm in transmission connection with a moving contact of the circuit breaker is positioned between the other two crank arms. By the arrangement, when the hydraulic operating mechanism is used, stress points of acting forces of the three crank arms on the main rotating shaft are distributed uniformly, and deformation of the main rotating shaft due to stress can be avoided.
Further, the buffer is a hydraulic buffer. The hydraulic buffer is made of hydraulic oil as a material required by operation, so that the operation cost is low; the stress of the hydraulic buffer is stable in the operation process; the hydraulic buffer occupies a small space, so that the occupied space of the whole hydraulic operating mechanism can be reduced; the hydraulic shock absorber has a long service life.
Furthermore, hydraulic buffer includes buffer cylinder, sliding seal installs the buffer piston in the buffer cylinder and the buffer piston rod that links firmly with buffer piston, and last articulated connecting rod that has of buffer piston rod, the one end that buffer piston was kept away from to the connecting rod constitutes the action end, on connecting slot hole setting and the connecting rod, be provided with the fluid circulation flow channel of two sealed divided cavitys of intercommunication by buffer piston in the cylinder body of buffer cylinder, buffer piston cushions through forming the throttle clearance with the inner chamber of buffer cylinder in the removal stroke. The hydraulic buffer has a simple structure.
Furthermore, the hydraulic buffer is provided with a buffer step at the end part of the buffer piston, a buffer sleeve is arranged at the corresponding end of the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder, and after the buffer step enters the buffer sleeve in the moving process of the buffer piston, a throttling gap is formed between the buffer step and the buffer sleeve to realize buffering. Realize its buffer function through buffering step and cushion collar, cushion collar and buffering step all set up in the buffer cylinder body, have reduced hydraulic buffer's volume.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic operating mechanism in embodiment 1 of a circuit breaker provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an A-A view of the hydraulic actuator of FIG. 1 (with the cylinder cut-away);
FIG. 3 is a view of the hydraulic actuator of FIG. 1 in the direction B (with the damper broken away);
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a damper of a hydraulic actuator according to embodiment 3 of the circuit breaker provided in the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a working cylinder of a hydraulic operating mechanism in embodiment 3 of the circuit breaker provided by the invention.
In the drawings: 1-main rotating shaft, 2-working cylinder crank arm, 3-moving contact crank arm, 4-buffer crank arm, 5-buffer connecting rod, 6-moving contact connecting rod, 7-working cylinder connecting rod, 8-first pin shaft, 9-second pin shaft, 10-third pin shaft, 11-first hinged support, 12-fourth pin shaft, 13-differential piston rod, 14-working cylinder, 15-buffer, 16-buffer piston rod, 17-second hinged support, 18-sixth pin shaft, 19-buffer cylinder, 20-buffer piston, 21-buffer lower buffer step, 22-buffer lower buffer sleeve, 23-buffer upper cavity, 24-buffer lower cavity, 25-oil circulating flow passage, 26-long hole, 27-third hinged support, 28-a fifth pin shaft, 29-a movable contact transmission rod, 30-a fracture structure, 31-a cylinder body, 32-a differential piston, 33-a closing buffer step, 34-a closing buffer sleeve, 35-a rod cavity, 36-a rodless cavity, 37-a first flow passage, 38-a movable contact, 39-a static contact, 40-a second flow passage, 101-a buffer cylinder, 102-a buffer piston, 103-a buffer upper buffer step, 104-a buffer lower step, 105-a buffer lower sleeve, 106-a buffer upper sleeve, 107-a cylinder body and 108-a differential piston.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
as shown in fig. 1-3, the circuit breaker includes a fracture structure 30 and a hydraulic operating mechanism, where the fracture structure 30 includes a moving contact 38 and a fixed contact 39, and the hydraulic operating mechanism is used for being in transmission connection with the moving contact 38 to control on/off of the moving contact 38 and the fixed contact 39, so as to implement switching on/off of the circuit breaker.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the hydraulic operating mechanism includes a main rotating shaft 1, the main rotating shaft 1 extends horizontally, a working cylinder connecting lever 2, a moving contact connecting lever 3 and a buffer connecting lever 4 are fixed on the main rotating shaft 1, the working cylinder connecting lever 2 is used for being in transmission connection with a working cylinder 14, the moving contact connecting lever 3 is used for being in transmission connection with a moving contact 38 in a fracture structure 30, and the buffer connecting lever 4 is used for being in transmission connection with a buffer 15; the working cylinder connecting lever 2 and the buffer connecting lever 4 are located on one side of a vertical plane passing through the main rotating shaft 1, the moving contact connecting lever 3 is located on the other side of the vertical plane passing through the main rotating shaft 1, and the moving contact connecting lever 3 is located between the working cylinder connecting lever 2 and the buffer connecting lever 4.
The hydraulic operating mechanism further comprises a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil path and a reversing valve (the oil tank and the reversing valve are not shown in the figure).
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the working cylinder 14 includes a cylinder 31 and a differential piston 32 slidably mounted in the cylinder 31, a closing buffer step 33 is disposed on an upper side of the differential piston 32, a differential piston rod 13 is disposed on an upper side of the closing buffer step 33, the differential piston rod 13 extends out of the cylinder 31 upward, and a pressure-bearing area of a lower side of the differential piston 32 is larger than a pressure-bearing area of an upper side of the differential piston 32; a closing buffer sleeve 34 is arranged at the upper end part of the inner cavity of the working cylinder 14, and the closing buffer sleeve 34 is used for being matched with a closing buffer step 33 to form a closing buffer throttling gap so as to enable the differential piston 32 to enter a buffering stage in the closing process of the movable contact 38; the differential piston 32 divides the inner cavity of the working cylinder 14 into an upper rod cavity 35 and a lower rodless cavity 36, the rod cavity 35 is communicated with a main oil inlet of the reversing valve through a second flow passage 40 arranged on the cylinder body 31 and an external oil conveying pipeline, and the rodless cavity 36 is communicated with a working oil inlet of the reversing valve through a first flow passage 37 arranged on the cylinder body 31 and an external oil conveying pipeline; the first flow passage 37, the second flow passage 40 and the external oil delivery pipeline all belong to oil passages in a hydraulic system.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the working cylinder 14 is in transmission connection with the working cylinder crank arm 2 through a working cylinder connecting rod 7, and the working cylinder connecting rod 7 extends along the up-down direction; a first hinged support 11 is fixed at the upper end of the differential piston rod 13, one end of the working cylinder connecting rod 7, which is close to the working cylinder 14, is hinged with the first hinged support 11 through a fourth pin shaft 12, and one end of the working cylinder connecting rod 7, which is close to the working cylinder crank arm 2, is hinged with the working cylinder crank arm 2 through a third pin shaft 10.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the damper 15 includes a damping cylinder 19, a damping piston 20 slidably and hermetically mounted in the damping cylinder 19, and a damping piston rod 16 fixedly connected to the damping piston 20, wherein the damping piston rod 16 extends out of the damping cylinder 19; a lower buffer step 21 is arranged on the lower side of the buffer piston 20, a lower buffer sleeve 22 matched with the lower buffer step 21 is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder 19, and a lower buffer throttling gap is formed between the lower buffer step 21 and the lower buffer sleeve 22 when the lower buffer step 21 extends into the lower buffer sleeve 22; the buffer piston 20 divides the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder 19 into an upper buffer upper cavity 23 and a lower buffer lower cavity 24, an oil circulation flow passage 25 is provided on the cylinder body of the buffer cylinder 19, the oil circulation flow passage 25 communicates the buffer upper cavity 23 and the buffer lower cavity 24, and the buffer upper cavity 23, the buffer lower cavity 24 and the oil circulation flow passage 25 are filled with oil.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the damper 15 further includes a damper connecting rod 5, the damper 15 is in transmission connection with the damper connecting lever 4 through the damper connecting rod 5, the damper connecting rod 5 extends in the up-down direction, and one end of the damper connecting rod 5, which is close to the damper connecting lever 4, is provided with a long hole 26 extending in the length direction; a second hinged support 17 is fixed at the upper end part of the buffer piston rod 16, one end of the buffer connecting rod 5, which is close to the buffer 15, is hinged with the second hinged support 17 through a sixth pin shaft 18, one end of the buffer connecting rod 5, which is close to the buffer crank arm 4, is hinged with the buffer crank arm 4 through a first pin shaft 8, and the first pin shaft 8 penetrates through a long hole 26 on the buffer connecting rod 5; one end of the damper link 5 where the elongated hole 26 is provided constitutes an operation end of the damper 15, the damper link 5 constitutes a link in the damper 15, and the elongated hole 26 constitutes a connection elongated hole.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a moving contact transmission rod 29 in transmission connection with a moving contact 38 in a fracture structure 30 is further disposed in the hydraulic operating mechanism, and the moving contact transmission rod 29 is in transmission connection with a moving contact connecting lever 3 through a moving contact connecting rod 6; a third hinged support 27 is fixed at one end of the moving contact transmission rod 29 facing the moving contact connecting lever 3, one end of the moving contact connecting rod 6, which is close to the moving contact transmission rod 29, is hinged with the third hinged support 27 through a fifth pin shaft 28, and one end of the moving contact connecting rod 6, which is close to the moving contact connecting lever 3, is hinged with the moving contact connecting lever 3 through a second pin shaft 9.
In the hydraulic operating mechanism in this embodiment 1, when the moving contact 38 is switched on, when entering the tail section of the switching-on stroke, the buffer is realized by the matching of the switching-on buffer step 33 in the working cylinder 14 and the switching-on buffer sleeve 34 and forming a switching-on buffer throttling gap, and when entering the tail section of the switching-off stroke, the buffer is realized by the buffer 15 arranged in the hydraulic operating mechanism; the tail section in the closing stroke refers to a stroke from when the movable contact 38 needs to be buffered in the closing stroke to when closing is finished, and the tail section in the opening stroke refers to a stroke from when the movable contact 38 needs to be buffered in the opening stroke to when opening is finished.
When the hydraulic operating mechanism is used, the following two processes are mainly carried out:
1) closing:
for the working cylinder 14: oil enters a rodless cavity 36 of the working cylinder 14 through a first flow passage 37, and because the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 36 is the same as that in the rod cavity 35, and the pressure-bearing area of the lower side of the differential piston 32 is larger than that of the upper side of the differential piston 32, the differential piston 32 moves upwards under the action of pressure difference, and simultaneously controls the moving contact 38 to approach the static contact 39 sequentially through the differential piston rod 13, the working cylinder connecting rod 7, the working cylinder connecting lever 2, the main rotating shaft 1, the moving contact connecting lever 3, the moving contact connecting rod 6 and the moving contact transmission rod 29; when entering the tail section of the closing stroke, the closing buffering step 33 extends into the closing buffering sleeve 34, a closing buffering throttling gap is formed between the closing buffering step 33 and the closing buffering sleeve 34, the oil pressure in the rod cavity 35 is increased instantly, the speed of the differential piston 32 begins to be reduced, and the closing enters the buffering stage; after the buffering stage, the moving contact 38 and the fixed contact 39 are closed.
For the buffer 15: in the closing process, initially, when the differential piston 32 in the working cylinder 14 starts to act, the first pin 8 for hinging the buffer crank arm 4 and the buffer connecting rod 5 together is located at the lower end of the long hole 26 on the buffer connecting rod 5, in the closing process, the buffer crank arm 4 rotates upwards along with the main rotating shaft 1 and drives the first pin 8 to move upwards in the long hole 26, after the closing buffer step 33 in the working cylinder 14 starts to enter the closing buffer sleeve 34, the first pin 8 reaches the upper end of the long hole 26, and then along with the continuous upward movement of the differential piston 32, the buffer crank arm 4 pulls the buffer connecting rod 5 to move upwards through the first pin 8, so as to drive the buffer piston 20 to move upwards.
2) Opening a brake:
for the working cylinder 14: a rodless cavity 36 in the working cylinder 14 is communicated with an oil tank through a first flow passage 37 and an external oil conveying pipeline, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 36 is reduced, the differential piston 32 moves downwards under the action of pressure difference and simultaneously drives the moving contact 38 to be far away from the static contact 39 through a differential piston rod 13, a working cylinder connecting rod 7, a working cylinder crank arm 2, a main rotating shaft 1, a moving contact crank arm 3, a moving contact connecting rod 6 and a moving contact transmission rod 29 in sequence; in the opening process, since the lower end of the inner cavity of the cylinder 14 is not provided with the buffer sleeve and the lower side of the differential piston 32 is not provided with the buffer step, the flow rate of the oil in the rodless cavity 36 is not changed all the time in the whole process of the downward movement of the differential piston 32, so that the differential piston 32 is not subjected to the upward buffer force.
For the buffer 15: in the brake separating process, when the differential piston 32 starts to act, the first pin shaft 8 is positioned at the upper end of the long hole 26 on the buffer connecting rod 5, the working cylinder connecting rod 2 rotates downwards along with the downward movement of the differential piston 32, the buffer connecting rod 4 also rotates downwards, the first pin shaft 8 moves in the long hole 26, when the first pin shaft 8 moves to the lower end of the long hole 26 in the long hole 26, the first pin shaft 8 pushes the buffer connecting rod 5 to move downwards and further pushes the buffer piston 20 to move downwards, because the lower end of the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder 19 is provided with the lower buffer sleeve 22, the lower side of the buffer piston 20 is provided with the lower buffer step 21, when the lower buffer step 21 extends into the lower buffer sleeve 22, a lower buffer throttling gap is formed between the lower buffer step 21 and the lower buffer sleeve 22, the buffer piston 20 is subjected to large resistance, and further the buffer connecting rod 4 is blocked, the opening action of the moving contact 38 is buffered; then, the moving contact 38 is buffered to finally realize the opening with the fixed contact 39.
In this embodiment, since the buffer force of the moving contact 38 during the opening stroke is provided by the buffer 15, there is no need to provide an opening buffer sleeve at the lower end of the inner cavity of the working cylinder 14, and there is no need to provide an opening buffer step at the lower side of the differential piston 32, when the switch needs to be switched on, the oil in the first flow channel 37 can directly enter the rodless cavity 36 and directly act on the differential piston 32, the oil amount is sufficient, the starting force of the switch-on action is sufficient, and the situation that the switch-on process time is long is avoided.
In this embodiment, since the opening buffer step and the opening buffer sleeve are not provided in the cylinder 14, and the buffer force for the opening operation is provided by the buffer 15, it is not necessary to design a new cylinder 14 when the structure of the arc extinguishing chamber is changed.
In this embodiment, since the damping force of the opening operation is provided by the damper 15, the differential piston rod 13 is not subjected to a pressure in the damping stage, and is only subjected to a tensile force of the cylinder crank arm 2, and thus the differential piston rod 13 is not bent or broken.
In this embodiment, since the opening buffer step and the opening buffer sleeve are not provided in the cylinder 14, when the opening operation enters the buffer stage, high oil pressure does not occur in the rodless chamber 36, and therefore the seal ring at the seal position is not damaged.
In this embodiment, since the buffering force of the opening operation is provided by the buffer 15, when the required buffering force is changed, only the buffer 15 needs to be modified, and the whole hydraulic operating mechanism does not need to be disassembled, which is simple and convenient.
the difference from example 1 is that: the lower side of the differential piston is provided with a buffering step, the lower end of the inner cavity of the working cylinder is provided with a buffering sleeve, the upper side of the differential piston is not provided with a buffering step, and the upper end of the inner cavity of the working cylinder is not provided with a buffering sleeve; the upper end of the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder is provided with a buffer sleeve, the upper side of the buffer piston is provided with a buffer step, the lower end of the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder is not provided with the buffer sleeve, and the lower side of the buffer piston is not provided with the buffer step.
Because the upside of differential piston does not set up the buffering step, and the upper end of working cylinder inner chamber does not set up the cushion collar, consequently, at the in-process of closing a floodgate, there is the upper end in pole chamber to appear buffering throttle clearance all the time, has the flow of fluid in the pole chamber to be unchangeable all the time, so differential piston can not receive decurrent cushion force, and the working cylinder does not have the cushioning effect at the in-process of closing a floodgate, and the buffering is provided by the buffer.
the difference from example 1 is that: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper and lower ends of the inner chamber of the cylinder block 107 of the cylinder are not provided with a cushion sleeve, and the upper and lower sides of the differential piston 108 are not provided with a cushion step; an upper cushion jacket 106 is provided at the upper end of the inner cavity of the cushion cylinder 101, a lower cushion jacket 105 is provided at the lower end of the inner cavity of the cushion cylinder 101, an upper cushion step 103 is provided above the cushion piston 102, and a lower cushion step 104 is provided below the cushion piston 102.
In the closing process, because the upper side of the differential piston 108 is not provided with a buffering step, and the upper end of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 107 of the working cylinder is not provided with a buffering sleeve, in the closing process, the upper end of the rod cavity 109 can not generate a buffering throttling gap all the time, and the flow of oil in the rod cavity 109 is not changed all the time, so that the differential piston 108 can not receive downward buffering force, the working cylinder has no buffering effect in the closing process, and the buffering is provided by a buffer.
In the process of opening the brake, because the lower side of the differential piston 108 is not provided with a buffering step, and the lower end of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 107 of the working cylinder is not provided with a buffering sleeve, in the process of opening the brake, the lower end of the rodless cavity 110 can not generate a buffering throttling gap all the time, the flow of oil in the rodless cavity 110 is not changed all the time, so that the differential piston 108 can not receive upward buffering force, the working cylinder has no buffering effect in the process of opening the brake, and the buffering is provided by a buffer.
In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the working cylinder, the buffer and the moving contact are respectively connected to the main rotating shaft through separate crank arms. In other embodiments, the working cylinder, the buffer and the movable contact may be in transmission connection with the main rotating shaft through a crank arm, or any two of the working cylinder, the buffer and the movable contact may be in transmission connection with the main rotating shaft through a crank arm.
In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the working cylinder connecting lever and the buffer connecting lever are located on one side of the vertical plane passing through the main rotating shaft, and the moving contact connecting lever is located on the other side of the vertical plane passing through the main rotating shaft. In other embodiments, the working cylinder crank arm, the buffer crank arm and the moving contact crank arm can be arranged on the same side of the vertical plane passing through the main rotating shaft, and the same can be used.
In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the movable contact connecting lever is located between the cylinder connecting lever and the damper connecting lever. In other embodiments, the working cylinder connecting lever can be arranged between the moving contact connecting lever and the buffer connecting lever, or the buffer connecting lever can be arranged between the moving contact connecting lever and the working cylinder connecting lever, and the same can be used.
In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the buffer is a hydraulic buffer. In other embodiments, the damper may be other types of dampers, such as a spring damper or a polyurethane damper, and may be other types of hydraulic dampers.
The present invention further provides a hydraulic operating mechanism, which has the same structure as the hydraulic operating mechanism in the circuit breaker, and is not described herein again.
Claims (6)
1. The hydraulic pressure operating mechanism, characterized by includes:
a main rotating shaft;
the working cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a differential piston which is arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding way;
the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, an oil way and a reversing valve;
a rod cavity of the working cylinder body, which is sealed and separated by the differential piston, is communicated with a main oil inlet of the reversing valve, and a rodless cavity of the working cylinder body, which is sealed and separated by the differential piston, is communicated with a working oil inlet of the reversing valve;
the action end of the buffer is provided with a connecting long hole extending along the moving direction of the buffer;
the main rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a piston rod on the differential piston through a crank arm and is connected with a connecting long hole of the buffer through the crank arm;
when the differential mechanism is used, the main rotating shaft is connected with a moving contact of the circuit breaker through a crank arm transmission, and the main rotating shaft synchronously drives the moving contact to perform opening and closing actions when the differential piston moves;
in the opening and closing movement stroke of the differential piston, the oil inlet and outlet flow of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity is kept unchanged, and in the tail section of the opening and closing stroke of the movable contact, the main rotating shaft drives the buffer to act for buffering;
or the tail section of one of the opening stroke and the closing stroke of the differential piston forms a throttling gap with the inner cavity of the working cylinder in the moving stroke through the differential piston to buffer, the tail section of the other tail section drives the buffer to buffer through the main rotating shaft, the main rotating shaft is respectively connected with the working cylinder, the buffer and the breaker moving contact through three connecting levers in a transmission manner, the main rotating shaft extends horizontally, the connecting lever in the three connecting levers, which is in transmission connection with the working cylinder and the buffer, is positioned on one side of a vertical plane passing through the axis of the main rotating shaft, and the connecting lever in transmission connection with the breaker moving contact is positioned on the other side of the vertical plane passing through the axis of the main rotating shaft.
2. The hydraulic actuator of claim 1 wherein the lever drivingly connected to the movable contact of the circuit breaker is positioned between two other levers.
3. The hydraulic actuator of claim 1 wherein the damper is a hydraulic damper.
4. The hydraulic operating mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the hydraulic damper includes a damping cylinder, a damping piston slidably and sealingly mounted in the damping cylinder, and a damping piston rod fixedly connected to the damping piston, the damping piston rod is hinged to a connecting rod, an end of the connecting rod remote from the damping piston constitutes the actuating end, the connecting slot is provided in the connecting rod, an oil circulation passage communicating two chambers sealingly separated by the damping piston is provided in the cylinder body of the damping cylinder, and the damping piston damps by forming a throttling gap with an inner chamber of the damping cylinder during a moving stroke.
5. The hydraulic operating mechanism of claim 4, wherein the hydraulic damper provides damping by providing a damping step at an end of the damping piston, providing a damping sleeve at a corresponding end of the damping cylinder body, and providing a throttling gap between the damping step and the damping sleeve after the damping step enters the damping sleeve during movement of the damping piston.
6. A circuit breaker, characterized by, includes:
the fracture structure comprises a moving contact and a fixed contact;
a hydraulic operating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
the crank arm of the hydraulic operating mechanism is in transmission connection with the moving contact of the fracture structure and drives the moving contact to open and close.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910678105.5A CN110571107B (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Hydraulic operating mechanism and circuit breaker |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910678105.5A CN110571107B (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Hydraulic operating mechanism and circuit breaker |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110571107A CN110571107A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
| CN110571107B true CN110571107B (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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| CN201910678105.5A Active CN110571107B (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Hydraulic operating mechanism and circuit breaker |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2879381Y (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-03-14 | 浙江开关厂有限公司 | Gradual changing damp oil bumper |
| CN104134557A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2014-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Spring operating mechanism buffer for circuit breaker |
| CN104319120A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | Time delay mechanism, hydraulic operating mechanism with time delay mechanism and breaker with time delay mechanism |
| CN108317124A (en) * | 2018-03-11 | 2018-07-24 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of novel high-voltage circuit-breaker hydraulic working cylinder with combined buffer plunger |
-
2019
- 2019-07-25 CN CN201910678105.5A patent/CN110571107B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2879381Y (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-03-14 | 浙江开关厂有限公司 | Gradual changing damp oil bumper |
| CN104134557A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2014-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Spring operating mechanism buffer for circuit breaker |
| CN104319120A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | Time delay mechanism, hydraulic operating mechanism with time delay mechanism and breaker with time delay mechanism |
| CN108317124A (en) * | 2018-03-11 | 2018-07-24 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of novel high-voltage circuit-breaker hydraulic working cylinder with combined buffer plunger |
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|---|---|
| CN110571107A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
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