CN110568653B - 显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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CN110568653B
CN110568653B CN201910861844.8A CN201910861844A CN110568653B CN 110568653 B CN110568653 B CN 110568653B CN 201910861844 A CN201910861844 A CN 201910861844A CN 110568653 B CN110568653 B CN 110568653B
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light
layer
liquid crystal
display panel
display
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CN110568653A (zh
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刘凡成
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133377—Cells with plural compartments or having plurality of liquid crystal microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. one microcell per pixel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/13345—Network or three-dimensional gels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种显示面板及显示装置。显示面板包括从下至上依次层叠设置的背光模组、液晶调光层和液晶显示层。所述液晶调光层包括光定向层和聚合物分散液晶层，所述光定向层呈网格状将所述液晶调光层分割成多个微型腔；所述聚合物分散液晶层填充于所述微型腔内。显示装置包括显示面板。本发明通过设置光定向层代替传统的支撑柱用于支撑和阻隔光线，避免了在区域点亮显示时背光模组发出的光线进入液晶层，从而减小区域点亮显示时区域之间的串扰，避免出现“边界黄边”现象，提升了区域点亮显示的对比度。

Description

显示面板及显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
现有显示装置在点亮显示面板的某一区域时，由于背光模组发出的光线穿过对应该区域的液晶层过程中，光线会在该区域周围的区域进行散射，从而造成该区域周围中出现“边界黄边”现象，会严重影响画面显示质量。
一方面，如图1所示，若背光模组采用直下式次毫米发光二极管(MiniLED)灯板，包括阵列排布的多个区域，例如图1中的区域1-区域25，当实现区域点亮(local dimming)显示时，被点亮的区域13相当于点光源，光线会向周边未点亮的区域7、8、9、12、14、17、18、19扩散，因此会出现“边界黄边”现象。
另一方面，如图2所示，若背光模组采用侧入式背光模组91并配合聚合物分散液晶层(PDLC)92实现侧入式显示，某一区域被点亮，侧入式背光模组91整体发光，其存在大角度的光线，并且此种结构无法消除杂散光、大角度干扰光，当光线穿过被点亮的区域922时，光线进入聚合物分散液晶层后会向周边的未点亮的区域921、923散射，其中光线传播路径用箭头表示，从而造成液晶显示屏93出现“边界黄边”现象。
因此，亟需提出一种新的显示面板及显示装置，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种显示面板及显示装置，避免了背光模组发出的光线进入液晶层，从而减小了区域点亮显示时区域之间的串扰，避免出现“边界黄边”现象，提升了区域点亮显示的对比度。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种显示面板，包括从下至上依次层叠设置的背光模组、液晶调光层和液晶显示层。具体地讲，所述液晶调光层设于所述背光模组上；所述液晶显示层设于所述液晶调光层上。其中，所述液晶调光层包括光定向层和聚合物分散液晶层。所述光定向层呈网格状将所述液晶调光层分割成多个微型腔；所述光定向层用于支撑和阻隔光线作用；所述聚合物分散液晶层，填充于所述微型腔内。
进一步地，所述光定向层包括第一遮光壁和第二遮光壁。具体地讲，所述第一遮光壁沿第一方向延伸且沿第二方向排布；所述第一方向与所述第二方向不同；所述第二遮光壁，沿第二方向延伸且沿第一方向排布；所述第一遮光壁和所述第二遮光壁相互交错形成多个所述微型腔。
进一步地，所述第一遮光壁和所述第二遮光壁一体成型。
进一步地，所述第一遮光壁或所述第二遮光壁的宽度：高度＝(1:100)-(2：1)。
进一步地，所述第一遮光壁或所述第二遮光壁的高度范围为10um-50um。
进一步地，所述液晶调光层还包括电极层，所述电极层设于所述光定向层下方。
进一步地，所述光定向层的材质包括光阻材料，所述光阻材料包含树脂高分子聚合物。
进一步地，所述背光模组包括蓝光背光灯板、侧发光背光模组或直下式次毫米发光二极管背光模组中的一种。
进一步地，所述聚合物分散液晶层的材料包括散射型液晶；所述散射型液晶包括多个液晶分子和网状聚合物。
本发明还提供一种显示装置，包括以上所述的显示面板。
本发明的优点在于，本发明提供一种显示面板及显示装置，通过设置光定向层代替传统的支撑柱用于支撑和阻隔光线，避免了在区域点亮显示时背光模组发出的光线进入液晶层，从而减小了区域点亮显示时区域之间的串扰，避免出现“边界黄边”现象，提升了区域点亮显示的对比度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有的一种显示面板的背光模组采用直下式次毫米发光二极管灯板的平面结构示意图；
图2为现有的一种显示面板的背光模组采用侧入式背光模组的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的一种显示面板的截面图；
图4为本发明实施例的一种显示面板的平面结构示意图，主要体现微型腔的平面结构示意图。
图中部件标识如下：
1、背光模组，2、液晶调光层，3、液晶显示层，21、光定向层，
22、聚合物分散液晶层，23、电极层，24、调光下基板，25、调光上基板，
31、显示上基板，32、显示下基板，33、液晶，100、显示面板，
210、微型腔，211、第一遮光壁，212、第二遮光壁，213、吸光层。
具体实施方式
以下是各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本发明可以用实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如上、下、前、后、左、右、内、外、侧等，仅是参考附图式的方向。本发明提到的元件名称，例如第一、第二等，仅是区分不同的元部件，可以更好的表达。在图中，结构相似的单元以相同标号表示。
本文将参照附图来详细描述本发明的实施例。本发明可以表现为许多不同形式，本发明不应仅被解释为本文阐述的具体实施例。本发明提供这些实施例是为了解释本发明的实际应用，从而使本领域其他技术人员能够理解本发明的各种实施例和适合于特定预期应用的各种修改方案。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
请参阅图3所示，本发明提供一种显示面板100，其包括从下至上依次层叠设置的背光模组1、液晶调光层2和液晶显示层3。具体地讲，所述液晶调光层2设于所述背光模组1上；所述液晶显示层3设于所述液晶调光层2上。其中，所述液晶调光层2包括光定向层21和聚合物分散液晶层22。所述光定向层21呈网格状将所述液晶调光层2分割成多个微型腔210；所述光定向层21代替传统的支撑柱用于支撑和阻隔光线；所述聚合物分散液晶层22，填充于所述微型腔210内。本实施例通过设置光定向层21代替传统的支撑柱用于支撑和阻隔光线，避免了在区域点亮显示时所述背光模组1发出的光线进入非点亮分区的液晶层内，从而减小区域点亮显示时区域之间的串扰，避免出现“边界黄边”现象，提升了区域点亮显示的对比度。
请参阅图4所示，本实施例中，所述光定向层21包括多个第一遮光壁211和多个第二遮光壁212。具体地讲，所述第一遮光壁211沿第一方向延伸且多个第一遮光壁211之间沿第二方向顺次排布；所述第一方向与所述第二方向不同；所述第二遮光壁212沿第二方向延伸且多个第二遮光壁212之间沿着第一方向顺次排布；所述第一遮光壁211和所述第二遮光壁212相互交错形成多个所述微型腔210，以便于所述聚合物分散液晶层22填充在所述微型腔内。本实施例中，第一方向垂直于第二方向。每一所述微型腔210形成一个点亮分区，在区域点亮显示时便于分区控制。
本实施例中，所述第一遮光壁211和所述第二遮光壁212为一体成型，这样便于形成牢固的网格状结构，起到支撑作用。
请参阅图3、图4所示，本实施例中，所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的宽度D1：高度D2＝(1:100)-(2：1)。宽度D1是指的所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的横向宽度，因为横向宽度越宽，对所述显示面板100的透光率影响越大，但如果宽度D1不够宽，则在工艺上很难实现需要的纵向高度D2。高度D2就是所述聚合物分散液晶层22的液晶盒厚度，本实施例利用所述光定向层21代替传统的支撑柱，因此所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的高度D2的大小就决定了所述聚合物分散液晶层22的液晶盒厚度。一般在宽度D1：高度D2<1:4时，从工艺上相对容易实现；当宽度D1：高度D2＝1:10时，则工艺上难度大幅增加；所以优选所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的宽度D1：高度D2＝1:1，这样更容易制作且保证了透光率。
本实施例中，所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的高度D2范围为10um-50um，即所述微型腔210的侧壁高度范围为10um-50um。所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的宽度D1范围优选为1um-100um。
请继续参阅图3，本实施例中，所述液晶调光层2还包括电极层23，所述电极层23设于所述光定向层21下方。所述显示面板100内部设有金属信号走线(未图示)，如扫描线及数据线，一般成纵横分布，金属走线不透光，将所述光定向层21设计在所述电极层23的金属走线上方，优选所述光定向层21的分布与所述电极层23的金属走线的分布位置相对应，则会减少所述光定向层21对透光率的影响，从而减少其对整个所述显示面板100显示系统光效的影响。
其中所述液晶调光层2还包括调光下基板24和调光上基板25。所述调光下基板24设于所述电极层23下方；所述调光上基板25设于所述光定向层21上方。
所述光定向层21的外表面设有吸光层213，亦即所述第一遮光壁211或所述第二遮光壁212的外表面设有吸光层213，所述吸光层213能吸收光线进而避免大角度的光线，如杂散光、大角度干扰光在区域点亮显示时进入非点亮分区的液晶层内，从而减小区域点亮显示时区域之间的串扰，避免出现“边界黄边”现象，提升了区域点亮显示的对比度。
所述液晶显示层3包括显示上基板31、显示下基板32以及在所述显示上基板31和所述显示下基板32之间的液晶33。所述液晶33包括热致液晶或溶致液晶，所述液晶33的材料包括联苯液晶、苯基环己烷液晶或酯类液晶。
本实施例中，所述光定向层21的材质包括光阻材料或者其他树脂材料，所述光阻材料包含树脂高分子聚合物。
本实施例中，所述背光模组1包括蓝光背光灯板、侧发光背光模组或直下式次毫米发光二极管背光模组中的一种。本实施例优选采用直下式次毫米发光二极管背光模组，直下式背光模组可以单独驱动的一定数目小方块形成的背光分区，易于区域点亮显示时控制光源。
本实施例中，所述聚合物分散液晶层22的材料包括散射型液晶；所述散射型液晶包括多个液晶分子和网状聚合物，可实现透明态和画面显示态的切换。
所述液晶显示层3即包括普通液晶，在施加电压后液晶分子发生旋转，控制光的透过率实现灰阶显示；所述聚合物分散液晶层22中由于增加了某些聚合物，所述聚合物分散液晶层22中的液晶分子和网状聚合物的折射率不同，通过电压控制液晶和网状聚合物的表面产生折射率差，使得光线透过或者在二者表面发生散射，因此可以实现透明态或者散射态。在透明态下可以透光，散射态下实现光线的散射进而用于显示画面。所述聚合物分散液晶层22的光散射性强，这是利用折射率差异将光散射，其对比度是透过状态的透光率/散射状态的透光率，对比度越高则区域点亮效果越好。
本发明还提供一种显示装置，包括以上所述的显示面板100。
本公开实施例中的显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本发明的优点在于，本发明提供一种显示面板及显示装置，通过设置光定向层代替传统的支撑柱用于支撑和阻隔光线，避免了在区域点亮显示时背光模组发出的光线进入非点亮分区的液晶层内，从而减小区域点亮显示时区域之间的串扰，避免出现“边界黄边”现象，提升了区域点亮显示的对比度。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种显示面板，其特征在于，包括：
背光模组；
液晶调光层，设于所述背光模组上；以及
液晶显示层，设于所述液晶调光层上；
其中，所述液晶调光层包括：
光定向层，呈网格状将所述液晶调光层分割成多个微型腔；所述光定向层用于支撑和阻隔光线；
电极层，设于所述光定向层下方；
调光下基板，设于所述电极层下方；
调光上基板，设于所述光定向层上；以及
聚合物分散液晶层，填充于所述微型腔内；
其中，所述光定向层包括：
多个第一遮光壁，沿第一方向延伸且多个所述第一遮光壁沿第二方向顺次排布；所述第一方向与所述第二方向不同；以及
多个第二遮光壁，沿第二方向延伸且多个所述第二遮光壁沿第一方向顺次排布；所述第一遮光壁和所述第二遮光壁相互交错形成多个呈网格状的所述微型腔；所述第一遮光壁和所述第二遮光壁一体成型。
2.如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一遮光壁或所述第二遮光壁的宽度：高度＝(1:100)-(2：1)。
3.如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述第一遮光壁或所述第二遮光壁的高度范围为10um-50um。
4.如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述液晶调光层还包括：
电极层，设于所述光定向层下方。
5.如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述光定向层的材质包括光阻材料，所述光阻材料包含树脂高分子聚合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述光定向层的外表面设有吸光层。
7.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述聚合物分散液晶层的材料包括散射型液晶；所述散射型液晶包括多个液晶分子和网状聚合物。
8.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-7中任一项所述的显示面板。
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