CN110567777A - hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device and method - Google Patents
hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110567777A CN110567777A CN201910948374.9A CN201910948374A CN110567777A CN 110567777 A CN110567777 A CN 110567777A CN 201910948374 A CN201910948374 A CN 201910948374A CN 110567777 A CN110567777 A CN 110567777A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000124879 Grus leucogeranus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow cylinder remolding soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device and a method. A sample preparation outer barrel is arranged between the base and the upper platform and is fixed by a support frame arranged on a reaction frame, steel cushion blocks are arranged above and below the support frame, and annular sample pressing molds are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the sample preparation outer barrel. The sample preparation outer barrel is internally provided with a sample preparation inner barrel, the center of the lower limiting sample pressing die is provided with a screw, the center of the lower part of the sample preparation inner barrel is provided with a screw hole matched with the screw, and the sample preparation inner barrel can be fixed on the lower limiting sample pressing die. The centers of the electric push rod, the sample making cylinder and the sample pressing mould are on a straight line. The device can realize carrying out the compaction simultaneously to the top and bottom of soil sample, has reduced the friction between system appearance section of thick bamboo and the soil sample, can suppress out the standard hollow cylinder that the structure is the same, density is even and the drawing of patterns loss is minimum and remold the soil sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical tests, in particular to a hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device.
background
since this century, China has advanced a completely new era in the field of infrastructure construction, including large-scale projects of super-large building scale, unprecedented construction difficulty and top construction technology such as the world-famous white crane beach hydropower station, the China expressway network, the Gangzhu-Australia bridge and the like, and also basic projects of super-large deep foundation pit excavation and the like under various complex geological conditions in urban construction. The rock-soil mass can not be separated from the water conservancy or traffic engineering of high-difficulty technology or the complicated underground space engineering to be used as the foundation, and the rock-soil mass must be built on a firm foundation to ensure the safe operation of the rock-soil mass, so that the principle that the foundation is not firmly rocked is adopted. The stress characteristic and the ultimate strength of the foundation are basic conditions for evaluating the safety and stability of the engineering, and various safety and stability infrastructures can be built only by properly processing the problems of the foundation. In order to research the strength and stability of various foundations, indoor and outdoor experimental research on rock and soil masses is required. And the rock-soil instrument for indoor testing of mechanical properties of rock-soil under the action of earthquake load, traffic load, wave load and foundation pit excavation is mainly a hollow cylinder torsional shear instrument. At present, the most common large-scale instruments for carrying out the tests are basically a few foreign brands such as GDS, GCTS and honest rock society, hollow cylinder samples need to be prepared before the tests, but sample preparation tools equipped by the instruments are poor in effect, the biggest problem is that the uniformity of the density of the remolded soil samples of the hollow cylinders cannot be well controlled, and the instrument is more suitable for preparing original clay hollow cylinder soil samples. According to the national geotechnical test regulations, the density of the prepared remolded soil sample needs to be strictly controlled so as to ensure the requirements of repeatability and effectiveness of parallel test data. How to prepare the hollow cylinder remolded soil sample meeting the test requirements, and simply preparing the high-quality hollow cylinder remolded soil sample without considering the influence of the anisotropy and the structure of the soil body on the mechanical properties of the soil, provides possibility for the research of better simulating the mechanical behavior of the soil body under the complex stress path conditions of earthquake load, traffic load, wave load, foundation pit excavation and the like in an indoor experiment. At present, few and few experimental devices are used for manufacturing the hollow cylindrical remolded soil sample at home and abroad, and even if the hollow cylindrical remolded soil sample can be manufactured in actual operation, the performance of the remolded soil sample cannot ensure the uniform density of the sample. Therefore, how to develop a hollow cylinder remolding soil sample pressing device to solve the problem of preparing a hollow cylinder soil sample is a problem to be solved urgently in the current advanced geotechnical test. How this paper prepares and satisfies the hollow cylinder of the required high accuracy of hollow cylinder appearance class instrument remold the soil sample and carried out the design of system appearance instrument, better solution in the experiment the problem that the hollow cylinder soil sample structure is unified and density is even.
The traditional preparation method of the hollow cylindrical remolded soil sample mainly adopts the method of filling soil in layers in a compaction instrument to extrude a cylinder, then drilling the inner cylinder part and the like to perform hollowing, and the method mainly has two problems and three problems: (1) the actual compaction energy difference of each layer of soil is large, the lower layer of soil is often more compact, and the method has great defects in the aspect of accurately controlling the density uniformity of the soil sample. (2) Each layer is compacted, shaving treatment is needed, poor interlayer connection is caused by uneven shaving depth and thickness, and different densities between layers still occur due to different compaction energy. (3) The problem of damaging soil samples such as falling blocks easily occurs when the partial sand solid cylinder is hollowed out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that how to prepare the hollow cylindrical soil sample meeting the test requirements in the prior art, especially under the condition of not considering the influence of the anisotropy and the structure of the soil body on the mechanical property of the soil, the high-quality hollow cylindrical remolded soil sample is simply prepared, and the possibility is provided for a laboratory to simulate the stress state of the soil body under the condition of a complex stress path and develop related property research, so that the problem which needs to be solved urgently at present is solved. The invention provides a hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device and a method, and aims to solve the problem of preparing a hollow cylinder soil sample, which is the problem to be solved urgently in the current geotechnical test.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The hollow cylinder remolding soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device comprises a base and an upper fixing platform, wherein the base is connected with the upper fixing platform through a reaction frame. The upper electric push rod adapter is used for matching the voltage of the direct current motor of the upper electric push rod, and the upper 24V direct current motor provides downlink power for the upper electric push rod. The base is provided with a lower electric push rod adapter, a lower electric push rod switch, a speed controller and a lower 24V direct current motor, the lower electric push rod switch and the speed controller are used for controlling starting and stopping and speed of the lower electric push rod, the lower electric push rod adapter is used for matching voltage of the lower electric push rod direct current motor, and the lower 24V direct current motor provides uplink power for the lower electric push rod. Be provided with stainless steel appearance urceolus between upper portion fixed platform and the base, the support frame that sets up on the stainless steel system appearance urceolus by the reaction frame is fixed, the upper and lower of support frame is provided with the steel cushion, further strengthens the intensity of stainless steel appearance urceolus, stainless steel system appearance urceolus upper portion is provided with spacing pressure appearance mould, stainless steel system appearance urceolus lower part is provided with spacing pressure appearance mould down, the inside stainless steel appearance inner tube that is provided with of stainless steel appearance urceolus, the center department of spacing pressure appearance mould is provided with the screw rod down, the below center department of stainless steel appearance inner tube be provided with screw rod assorted screw, stainless steel system appearance inner tube can be fixed in down on the spacing pressure appearance mould.
Further, two-way pressure appearance device of soil sample is remolded to hollow cylinder, the top of last spacing pressure appearance mould is provided with the trapezoidal spacing cylinder that is greater than last spacing pressure appearance mould external diameter, the bottom of lower spacing pressure appearance mould is provided with the trapezoidal spacing cylinder that is greater than the mould external diameter that pushes down, and at the in-process of actually pressing the appearance, electric putter presses the mould to spacing cylinder and system appearance urceolus contact back, and electric putter automatic stop, upward be provided with the exhaust hole on the spacing pressure appearance mould, by the gas escape of exhaust hole with inside at the in-process of soil sample suppression.
Furthermore, the hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device is characterized in that the geometric centers of the upper electric push rod, the lower electric push rod, the stainless steel sample outer cylinder, the upper limiting sample pressing die and the lower limiting sample pressing die are positioned on the same vertical line.
Further, the hollow cylinder remolds the two-way sample device that presses of soil sample, the device still includes soil sample drawing of patterns mould, soil sample drawing of patterns mould comprises upper portion hollow cylinder and bottom cylinder.
Furthermore, the hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device further comprises an upper hollow soil sample protection ring, the inner diameter of the upper hollow soil sample protection ring is the same as the inner diameter of the upper pressing die, the outer diameter of the upper hollow soil sample protection ring is also the same as the outer diameter of the upper pressing die, and the upper hollow soil sample protection ring can ensure that the ejected soil sample cannot be damaged secondarily due to demolding in the process of ejecting the pressed soil sample from the sample making cylinder.
Further, two-way pressure appearance device of soil sample is remolded to hollow cylinder, go up spacing pressure appearance mould the size be: outer diameter: 99.8mm, internal diameter 60.2mm and interior dark 200mm, the size of spacing moulding die is down: 99.8mm in diameter and 100mm in height.
Further, the hollow cylinder remolds the two-way pressure appearance device of soil sample, all be provided with filter paper between soil sample and last spacing pressure appearance mould and the lower spacing pressure appearance mould in the stainless steel sample cylinder.
The device comprises the following sample preparation steps:
(1) Crushing the clay or the silt near the plastic limit water content after passing through a sieve of 1mm or drying to eliminate the initial anisotropy of the soil;
(2) Measuring the water content omega of the soil by using a drying method, and then measuring the water content omega according to rhodcalculating the mass m of the remolded soil required to be filled according to the required dry density and water content, wherein rhodIs the dry density of the standard soil sample, m is the total mass of the soil sample, and V is the total volume of the soil sample;
(3) fixing the stainless steel sample inner cylinder on a lower limiting sample pressing die, adjusting a lower electric push rod to enable the top of the lower limiting sample pressing die (with the diameter of 99.8mm and the height of 100mm) to just enter the stainless steel sample outer cylinder, and placing standard annular filter paper with the outer diameter of 100mm and the inner diameter of 60mm on the top of the die when the stainless steel sample inner cylinder enters the stainless steel sample outer cylinder;
(4) The soil sample with the mass m is placed into an annular sample forming cylinder with the outer diameter of 100mm, the inner diameter of 60mm and the height of 400mm, which is formed by a stainless steel sample outer cylinder and a stainless steel sample inner cylinder, at one time, according to the actual situation, when the one-time filling is not finished, a fine iron wire can be used for slightly compacting until the soil sample is flatly placed to the upper edge of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder;
(5) after remolded soil is filled, standard annular filter paper with the outer diameter of 100mm and the inner diameter of 60mm is placed on the upper surface of the remolded soil, and then an upper limiting sample pressing mould (with the outer diameter of 99.8mm, the inner diameter of 60.2mm and the inner depth of 200mm) is placed on the upper surface of the remolded soil;
(6) Adjusting the upper electric push rod to be just contacted with the upper limiting sample pressing die, adjusting a switch of a direct current motor and a speed governor to enable the no-load speed of the upper electric push rod and the lower electric push rod to be 0.5mm/s before the soil sample is compressed, and marking the position of a knob corresponding to the speed;
(7) through a switch and a speed controller, wherein the switch can also use a wireless remote control switch, and simultaneously, an upper electric push rod and a lower electric push rod push an upper limiting sample pressing mould and a lower limiting sample pressing mould to be completely clamped at the edge opening of the standard sample forming cylinder, the load of a motor is suddenly increased, the motor stops working, and the soil sample is solidified for 30 minutes;
(8) Adjusting the upper electric push rod to return to the original state, taking down the upper limit sample pressing mould, lightly placing the upper hollow soil sample protection ring into the pressed annular space at the upper part of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder, adjusting the upper electric push rod to enable the upper electric push rod to be downwards contacted with the stainless steel sample inner cylinder, stopping the upper electric push rod, and downwards pressing the stainless steel sample inner cylinder to enable the stainless steel sample inner cylinder not to upwards move in the later demoulding process;
(9) Adjusting a lower electric push rod, screwing down a lower limiting sample pressing mold, putting a polished soil sample demolding mold with the outer diameter of 99.8mm, the inner diameter of 60.2mm and the height of 410mm into an annular space between a stainless steel sample outer cylinder and an inner cylinder from the lower part, then adjusting the lower electric push rod to enable the polished soil sample demolding mold to be in contact with the soil sample demolding mold and move upwards together, pushing out a hollow soil sample from an annular standard sample forming cylinder by the lower electric push rod at the speed of 0.5mm/s, stopping the lower electric push rod when the soil sample is completely pushed out of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder, taking out the soil sample, recovering the equipment to an initial state, and preparing the next soil sample, wherein the standard soil sample has uniform density and extremely small interference.
In summary, the following beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. According to the bidirectional sample pressing device and method for remolding the soil sample by the hollow cylinder, the top of the soil sample is acted by the upper limiting sample pressing die, and the bottom of the soil sample is acted by the lower limiting sample pressing die, so that the soil sample is vertically compressed in the stainless steel sample outer cylinder, the bottom surface and the top surface of the soil sample are doubly compressed, the influence of friction between the inner wall of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the soil sample is reduced, and the pressed soil sample has the same structure and uniform density.
2. According to the hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device and method, after a soil sample is successfully pressed, the finally taken hollow soil sample cannot be damaged for the second time through the soil sample demoulding mould and the upper hollow soil sample protection ring, and the accuracy of subsequent mechanical testing on the soil sample can be ensured.
3. according to the bidirectional sample pressing device and method for the hollow cylindrical remolded soil sample, the hollow standard soil sample can be pressed at one time, the pressing and demolding speeds in the whole pressing process can be completely unified, errors of test data caused by sample preparation are avoided, the pressing device is simple in structure and small in occupied space, and the bidirectional sample pressing device and method are suitable for preparing the soil sample indoors.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structural upper limit sample pressing mold of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the lower limiting sample pressing mold and the stainless steel sample inner cylinder.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structural soil sample demolding mold of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the hollow soil sample protection ring on the upper part of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in operation.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-an upper fixing platform, 2-a base, 3-a reaction frame, 4-a stainless steel sample outer cylinder, 5-an upper electric push rod, 6-a lower electric push rod, 7-an upper electric push rod adapter, 8-an upper electric push rod switch and a speed controller, 9-a lower electric push rod adapter, 10-a lower electric push rod switch and a speed controller, 11-an upper 24V direct current motor, 12-a lower 24V direct current motor, 13-a support frame, 14-a steel cushion block, 15-an upper limit sample pressing mold, 16-an exhaust hole, 17-a stainless steel sample inner cylinder, 18-a lower limit sample pressing mold, 19-a screw rod, 20-a soil sample demolding mold and 21-an upper hollow soil sample protecting ring.
Detailed Description
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
examples
As shown in fig. 1-6, the hollow cylindrical remodeling soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device comprises a base 2 and an upper fixing platform 1, wherein the base 2 is connected with the upper fixing platform 1 through a reaction frame 3. The upper electric push rod adapter 7 is used for controlling the starting and stopping and the speed of the upper electric push rod 5, the upper electric push rod adapter 7 is used for matching the voltage of the direct current motor of the upper electric push rod 5, and the upper 24V direct current motor 11 provides downlink power for the upper electric push rod 5. The base 2 is provided with a lower electric push rod adapter 9, a lower electric push rod switch and speed controller 10 and a lower 24V direct current motor 12, the lower electric push rod switch and speed controller 10 is used for controlling starting and stopping and speed of the lower electric push rod 6, the lower electric push rod adapter 9 is used for matching voltage of the lower electric push rod 6 direct current motor, and the lower 24V direct current motor 12 provides upward power for the lower electric push rod 6. Be provided with stainless steel system appearance urceolus 4 between upper portion fixed platform 1 and the base 2, stainless steel system appearance urceolus 4 is fixed by the support frame 13 that sets up on the reaction frame 3, the upper and lower of support frame 13 is provided with steel cushion 14, further strengthens the intensity of stainless steel system appearance urceolus 4, stainless steel system appearance urceolus 4 upper portion is provided with spacing pressure appearance mould 15, stainless steel system appearance urceolus 4 lower part is provided with down spacing pressure appearance mould 18, the inside stainless steel system appearance inner tube 17 that is provided with of stainless steel system appearance urceolus 4, the center department of spacing pressure appearance mould 18 is provided with screw rod 19 down, the below center department of stainless steel system appearance inner tube 17 be provided with screw rod 19 assorted screw, stainless steel system appearance inner tube 17 can be fixed on spacing pressure appearance mould 18. The top of the upper limiting sample pressing mold 15 is provided with a trapezoidal limiting cylinder with the outer diameter larger than that of the upper pressing mold 15, the bottom of the lower limiting sample pressing mold 18 is provided with a trapezoidal limiting cylinder with the outer diameter larger than that of the lower limiting sample pressing mold 18, and the upper limiting sample pressing mold 15 is provided with an exhaust hole 16. The device is characterized in that the geometric centers of the upper electric push rod 5, the lower electric push rod 6, the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4, the upper limiting sample pressing mold 15 and the lower limiting sample pressing mold 18 are located on the same vertical line, the device further comprises a soil sample demolding mold 20, and the soil sample demolding mold 20 is composed of a hollow cylinder and a bottom cylinder. The device also comprises an upper hollow soil sample protection ring 21, the inner diameter of the upper hollow soil sample protection ring 21 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper limiting sample pressing die 15, the outer diameter of the upper hollow soil sample protection ring 21 is also the same as the outer diameter of the upper limiting sample pressing die 15, and the upper limiting sample pressing die 15 has the following dimensions: outer diameter: 99.8mm, internal diameter 60.2mm, internal depth 200mm, the size of lower limit indentation mould 18 is: the diameter is 99.5mm, the height is 100mm, and standard annular filter paper is arranged between the soil sample in the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4 and the upper limiting sample pressing mold 15 and the lower limiting sample pressing mold 18.
The implementation steps of the device are as follows:
(1) And (3) sieving the clay or the silt with the water content close to the plastic limit water content by a sieve with the thickness of 1mm or drying the clay or the silt, and then crushing the clay or the silt to eliminate the initial anisotropy of the soil.
(2) measuring the water content omega of the soil by using a drying method, and then measuring the water content omega according to rhodCalculating the mass m of the remolded soil required to be filled according to the required dry density and water content, wherein rhodIs the dry density of the standard soil sample, m is the total mass of the soil sample, and V is the total volume of the soil sample.
(3) The stainless steel sample inner cylinder 17 is fixed on the lower limiting sample pressing mold 18, the lower electric push rod 6 is adjusted to enable the top of the lower limiting sample pressing mold (with the diameter of 99.8mm and the inner depth of 100mm) to just enter the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4, and when the stainless steel sample inner cylinder 4 enters, standard annular filter paper with the outer diameter of 100mm and the inner diameter of 60mm is placed at the top of the mold.
(4) The soil sample with the mass m is filled into an annular sample forming cylinder with the outer diameter of 100mm, the inner diameter of 60mm and the height of 400mm, which is formed by the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4 and the stainless steel sample inner cylinder 17, at one time, the filling is carried out by slightly compacting the soil sample by using a thin iron wire until the soil sample is leveled to the upper edge of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4 according to the actual situation when the one-time filling is not completed.
(5) After the remolded soil was filled, a standard ring-shaped filter paper having an outer diameter of 100mm and an inner diameter of 60mm was placed on the upper surface thereof, and then an upper confining sample-pressing mold 15 (outer diameter of 99.8mm, inner diameter of 60.2mm and inner depth of 200mm) was placed thereon.
(6) Adjusting the upper electric push rod 5 to just contact with the upper limiting sample pressing die 15; and adjusting a switch of the direct current motor and speed regulators (8) and (10) to enable the no-load speed of the upper electric push rod and the lower electric push rod to be 0.5mm/s before the soil sample is compressed, and marking the position of a knob corresponding to the speed.
(7) through switch and speed controller (8) and (10), wherein the switch also can use wireless remote switch, makes upper and lower electric putter (5) and (6) promote spacing pressing appearance mould (15) and (18) about promoting simultaneously to block along mouthful department about the standard sampling section of thick bamboo completely, the motor load increases suddenly, and the motor stop work makes the soil sample concretize for 30 minutes.
(8) Adjusting the upper electric push rod 5 to return to the original state, taking down the limiting sample pressing die 15, lightly placing the upper hollow soil sample protection ring 21 into a pressed annular space at the upper parts of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 17, adjusting the upper electric push rod 5 to make the upper electric push rod contact with the stainless steel sample inner cylinder 17 downwards, stopping the upper electric push rod 5, and pressing the stainless steel sample inner cylinder 17 downwards to make the upper electric push rod not move upwards in the later demoulding process.
(9) Adjusting a lower electric push rod 6, screwing down a lower limiting sample pressing mold 18, putting a polished soil sample demoulding mold 20 with the outer diameter of 99.8mm, the inner diameter of 60.2mm and the height of 410mm into an annular space between a stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4 and an inner cylinder 17 from the lower part, then adjusting the lower electric push rod 6 to be in contact with the soil sample demoulding mold 20 and move upwards together, controlling the speed of the lower electric push rod (6) to be 0.5mm/s, pushing out the soil sample from an annular standard sample forming cylinder, and stopping the lower electric push rod 6 when the soil sample is completely pushed out of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder 4. And taking out the soil sample, and restoring the equipment to the initial state to prepare the next soil sample, wherein the standard soil sample has uniform density and extremely small interference.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The hollow cylinder remolded soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device comprises a base (2) and an upper fixing platform (1), and is characterized in that the base (2) is connected with the upper fixing platform (1) through a reaction frame (3), an upper electric push rod (5) which is vertically downward is arranged at the center of the upper fixing platform (1), a lower electric push rod (6) which is vertically upward is arranged at the center of the base (2), the upper electric push rod (5) is vertically opposite to the lower electric push rod (6), an upper electric push rod adapter (7), an upper electric push rod switch and speed controller (8) and an upper 24V direct current motor (11) are arranged on the upper fixing platform (1), the upper electric push rod switch and speed controller (8) are used for controlling the starting, stopping and speed of the upper electric push rod (5), and the upper electric push rod adapter (7) is used for matching the voltage of the direct current motor (11) of the upper electric push rod (5), the upper 24V direct current motor (11) provides downlink power for the upper electric push rod (5), the base (2) is provided with a lower electric push rod adapter (9), a lower electric push rod switch and speed controller (10) and a lower 24V direct current motor (12), the lower electric push rod switch and speed controller (10) is used for controlling the starting, stopping and speed of the lower electric push rod (6), the lower electric push rod adapter (9) is used for matching the voltage of the direct current motor (12) of the lower electric push rod (6), the lower 24V direct current motor (12) provides uplink power for the lower electric push rod (6), a stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4) is arranged between the upper fixing platform (1) and the base (2), the stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4) is fixed by a support frame (13) arranged on the reaction frame (3), and the support frame is fixed on the reaction frame (3) through a holding ring, the support frame (13) be provided with steel cushion (14) from top to bottom, further strengthen the intensity of stainless steel system appearance urceolus (4), stainless steel system appearance urceolus (4) upper portion is provided with spacing pressing mold utensil (15), stainless steel system appearance urceolus (4) lower part is provided with down spacing pressing mold utensil (18), stainless steel system appearance urceolus (4) inside is provided with stainless steel system appearance inner tube (17), the center department of pressing mold utensil (18) is provided with screw rod (19) down, the below center department of stainless steel system appearance inner tube (17) be provided with screw rod (19) assorted screw, stainless steel system appearance inner tube (17) can be fixed under on spacing pressing mold utensil (18).
2. A hollow cylinder remolding soil sample bidirectional pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the top of the upper limit pressing mold (15) is provided with a limit top ring larger than the outer diameter of the upper limit pressing mold (15), the bottom of the lower limit pressing mold (18) is provided with a limit bottom ring larger than the outer diameter of the lower limit pressing mold (18), and the upper limit pressing mold (15) is provided with an exhaust hole (16).
3. A hollow cylinder remolding soil sample bidirectional pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the geometric centers of the upper electric push rod (5), the lower electric push rod (6), the stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4), the upper limiting pressing mold (15) and the lower limiting pressing mold (18) are located on the same vertical line.
4. A hollow cylindrical soil sample bidirectional pressing device according to claim 1, further comprising a soil sample demolding mold (20), wherein said soil sample demolding mold (20) is composed of a hollow cylindrical body and a bottom cylindrical body.
5. A hollow cylindrical remodeling soil sample bidirectional pressing device as recited in claim 1, further comprising an upper hollow soil sample protection ring (21), wherein the inner diameter of the upper hollow soil sample protection ring (21) is the same size as the inner diameter of the upper limiting pressing mold (15), and the outer diameter of the upper hollow soil sample protection ring (21) is the same size as the outer diameter of the upper limiting pressing mold (15).
6. a hollow cylindrical remodeling soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the upper limiting sample pressing die (15) has dimensions of: the outer diameter is 99.8mm, the inner diameter is 60.2mm, the inner depth is 200mm, and the size of the lower limit sample pressing die (18) is as follows: 99.8mm in diameter and 100mm in height.
7. A hollow cylinder remolding soil sample bidirectional pressing device according to claim 1, wherein annular filter paper is arranged between the soil sample in the stainless steel sample making outer cylinder (4) and the upper limiting pressing mold (15) and the lower limiting pressing mold (18).
8. A hollow cylindrical soil sample bidirectional pressing device according to claim 1, wherein the upper electric push rod switch speed controller (8) and the lower electric push rod switch and speed controller (10) can adjust the pushing speeds of the upper electric push rod (5) and the lower electric push rod (6), and the control ranges of the speeds are as follows: 0.5mm-3 mm/s.
9. A hollow cylindrical remodeling soil sample bidirectional sample pressing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall and the outer wall of the outer cylinder (4) of the stainless steel sample are polished on a grinding machine.
10. The bidirectional sample pressing method for the hollow cylinder remolded soil sample adopts the bidirectional sample pressing device for the hollow cylinder remolded soil sample as in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Crushing the clay or the silt near the plastic limit water content after passing through a sieve of 1mm or drying to eliminate the initial anisotropy of the soil;
(2) Measuring the water content omega of the soil by using a drying method, and then measuring the water content omega according to rhodCalculating the mass m of the remolded soil required to be filled according to the required dry density and water content, wherein rhodIs the dry density of the standard soil sample, m is the total mass of the soil sample, and V is the total volume of the soil sample;
(3) fixing a stainless steel sample inner cylinder (17) on a lower limiting sample pressing mold (18), adjusting a lower electric push rod (6) to enable the top of the lower limiting sample pressing mold (with the diameter of 99.8mm and the height of 100mm) to just enter a lower edge opening of a stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4), and placing standard annular filter paper with the outer diameter of 100mm and the inner diameter of 60mm on the top of the lower limiting sample pressing mold (18) before the lower limiting sample pressing mold (18) enters the stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4);
(4) The soil sample with the mass m is placed into an annular sample forming cylinder with the outer diameter of 100mm, the inner diameter of 60mm and the height of 400mm, which is formed by a stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4) and an inner cylinder (17), at one time, according to the actual situation, if the one-time filling is not finished, a fine iron wire can be used for slightly compacting until the soil sample is flatly placed to the upper edge of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4);
(5) after remolded soil is filled, standard annular filter paper with the outer diameter of 100mm and the inner diameter of 60mm is placed on the upper surface of the remolded soil, and then an upper limiting sample pressing mould (15) (with the outer diameter of 99.8mm, the inner diameter of 60.2mm and the inner depth of 200mm) is placed on the upper surface;
(6) Adjusting an upper electric push rod (5) to be just contacted with an upper limiting sample pressing mould (15), adjusting switches of a direct current motor and speed controllers (8) and (10) to enable the no-load speed of the electric push rods (5) and (6) to be 0.5mm/s, marking the position of a corresponding knob of the speed, and enabling the upper electric push rod and the lower electric push rod to simultaneously push the upper limiting sample pressing mould and the lower limiting sample pressing mould (15) and (18) to be completely clamped at the upper edge and the lower edge of a standard sample forming cylinder through the switches and the speed controllers (8) and (10) by using a wireless remote control switch through the switches, wherein the switches can also use a wireless remote control switch, so that the load of a motor is suddenly increased, the motor stops working, and;
(7) adjusting an upper electric push rod (5) to return to an original state, taking down an upper limiting sample pressing die (15), slightly putting an upper hollow soil sample protection ring (21) into a pressed annular space at the upper part of a stainless steel sample making outer cylinder (4), adjusting the upper electric push rod (5) to enable the upper electric push rod to contact with a stainless steel sample inner cylinder (17) downwards, and then stopping the upper electric push rod (5) to enable the upper electric push rod to form a structure of pressing the stainless steel sample inner cylinder (17) downwards so that the upper electric push rod cannot move upwards;
(8) Adjusting a lower electric push rod (6), unscrewing a lower limiting sample pressing mold (18), putting a polished soil sample demolding mold (20) with the outer diameter of 99.8mm, the inner diameter of 60.2mm and the height of 410mm into an annular space between a stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4) and an inner cylinder (17) from the lower part, adjusting the lower electric push rod (6) to enable the polished soil sample demolding mold to be in contact with the soil sample demolding mold (20) and move upwards together, controlling the speed of the lower electric push rod (6) to be 0.5mm/s, pushing out a hollow soil sample from an annular standard sample forming cylinder, stopping the lower electric push rod (6) when the soil sample is completely pushed out of the stainless steel sample outer cylinder (4), taking out the soil sample, and recovering the equipment to an initial state to prepare the next soil sample, wherein the standard soil sample has uniform density and extremely small interference.
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