CN110567674A - device and method for testing flow resistance characteristics of fins of plate-fin heat exchanger - Google Patents

device and method for testing flow resistance characteristics of fins of plate-fin heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110567674A
CN110567674A CN201910604333.8A CN201910604333A CN110567674A CN 110567674 A CN110567674 A CN 110567674A CN 201910604333 A CN201910604333 A CN 201910604333A CN 110567674 A CN110567674 A CN 110567674A
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China
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pressure
fin
outlet
inlet
air
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CN201910604333.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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夏宇栋
黄国辉
丁强
姜周曙
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Priority to CN201910604333.8A priority Critical patent/CN110567674A/en
Publication of CN110567674A publication Critical patent/CN110567674A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M10/00Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels

Abstract

the invention discloses a testing device capable of accurately measuring the flow resistance characteristic of a plate-fin heat exchanger and a control method thereof, wherein the testing device comprises a pressure stabilizing tank, a fin test piece mold assembly and a differential pressure transmitter; electric regulating valves are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank, and the electric regulating valve at the inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank detects the air pressure in the air channel through a pressure sensor arranged on an inlet pipeline to realize the closed-loop control of the air pressure; the electric regulating valve at the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank detects the air flow through a vortex shedding flowmeter arranged on an outlet pipeline to realize the closed-loop control of the air quantity in the air duct. By utilizing the characteristics that the viscosity of high-pressure air is smaller and the Re number of the air under the same flow rate is higher than that of normal-pressure air, the inlet and outlet pressure drop of the test piece of the fin test piece under different air flow rates under high back pressure is detected by the testing device, and the characteristic curve of the fin resistance coefficient f relative to the Re number is obtained, so that the aim of testing the flow resistance characteristic of the fin under the high Re number is fulfilled.

Description

Device and method for testing flow resistance characteristics of fins of plate-fin heat exchanger
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal parameter measurement and control, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing flow resistance characteristics of fins of a plate-fin heat exchanger.
Background
the plate-fin heat exchanger, as a typical compact heat exchanger, has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, large heat exchange surface per unit volume, compact structure, wide applicable temperature range and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of petrochemical industry, low-temperature air separation, aerospace and the like.
The fins are used as the most core heat transfer units of the plate-fin heat exchanger, and influence the overall flow and heat transfer performance of the plate-fin heat exchanger. Different fin types, such as straight fins, serrated fins, porous fins, louvered fins, etc., have different flow and heat transfer properties. At present, a high-pressure fan scheme is mainly utilized for testing the flow resistance characteristics of fins of a plate-fin heat exchanger, but the scheme is limited by fan power in the implementation process, the range of the tested Re number is small, the high Re number environment of a real heat exchanger in work cannot be accurately simulated, and the test data cannot accurately reflect the real flow resistance characteristics of the fins.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a testing device for rapidly and accurately measuring the flow resistance characteristic of a fin of a plate-fin heat exchanger, aiming at overcoming the defects of the existing testing system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the flow resistance characteristics of fins of a plate-fin heat exchanger.
the invention relates to a fin flow resistance characteristic testing device of a plate-fin heat exchanger, which comprises a pressure stabilizing tank, a fin test piece mold assembly and a differential pressure transmitter; an inlet pipeline of the fin test piece die assembly is connected in series with an outlet of the second electric regulating valve through a first intermediate pipeline, and an inlet pressure sensor and an inlet temperature sensor are arranged on the first intermediate pipeline; the inlet of the second electric regulating valve is connected with the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank through an expansion joint; an inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with an outlet of the first electric regulating valve through a first connecting pipeline, and a first pressure gauge is arranged on the first connecting pipeline; the inlet of the electric regulating valve is connected with the outlet of the stop valve through a second connecting pipeline, and a second pressure gauge is arranged on the second connecting pipeline; a stop valve inlet access port conduit;
an outlet pipeline of the fin test piece die assembly is connected with an inlet of a vortex shedding flowmeter through a second intermediate pipeline, an outlet of the vortex shedding flowmeter is connected with an outlet pipeline, and an outlet pressure sensor and an outlet temperature sensor are arranged on the outlet pipeline; the differential pressure transmitter is fixed on the second intermediate pipeline; and the inlet and the outlet of a test air channel of the fin test piece die assembly are both used as pressure taking ports of a differential pressure transmitter and are connected with the differential pressure transmitter for measuring the differential pressure of the fins.
The fin test piece mold assembly comprises a lower mold, a rack, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a sliding shaft and an upper mold; the lower die and the hydraulic oil cylinder are fixed on the frame; the upper die is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder through a sliding shaft and vertically moves under the driving of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the upper die and the lower die form a test piece air duct.
The first electric regulating valve and the second electric regulating valve are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the surge tank, the opening degree of the first electric regulating valve at the inlet of the surge tank is controlled by a measurement and control computer, the measurement and control computer regulates the opening degree of the first electric regulating valve by utilizing a PID algorithm embedded in the measurement and control computer through detecting the air pressure in a first intermediate pipeline of an inlet pressure sensor of the first intermediate pipeline, and the closed-loop control of the air pressure in the first intermediate pipeline is realized.
The opening of the second electric regulating valve at the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is controlled by a measurement and control computer, and the measurement and control computer regulates the opening of the second electric regulating valve by using a PID algorithm embedded in the measurement and control computer through detecting the air flow of the vortex shedding flowmeter, so that the closed-loop control of the air flow is realized.
The inlet pressure sensor, the inlet temperature sensor, the outlet pressure sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are used for detecting the air pressure and temperature of the inlet and the outlet so as to calculate the air physical property parameters; the differential pressure transmitter is used for measuring the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the fin test piece die; and the vortex shedding flowmeter is used for measuring the air flow in the air channel.
The method for testing the flow resistance characteristic of the fin of the plate-fin heat exchanger based on the device specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a test specimen into a lower die of a fin specimen die assembly, closing an upper die, and opening a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve;
Opening a stop valve, enabling the high-pressure air to sequentially pass through a second electric regulating valve, a pressure stabilizing tank, a first electric regulating valve, a fin test piece mold assembly and a vortex shedding flowmeter, and finally flowing out of the testing device;
Thirdly, respectively adjusting the opening degrees of a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve according to the pressure of the first intermediate pipeline and the flow of the vortex shedding flowmeter detected by the measurement and control computer, so that the device works under the set pressure and flow;
Detecting the temperature and pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the fin test piece die assembly, the pressure difference before and after the test piece and the air flow, and calculating the Re number and the f factor by using the formula (1) and the formula (2):
Wherein Q isaThe air volume flow (unit: m3/s), A, detected by the vortex shedding flowmeterfreeIs the fin flow area (unit: m2), A is the fin windward side area (unit: m2), v is the air kinematic viscosity (unit: m2/s), DhIs the water conservancy diameter (unit: m) T of the tested fin test piece1、T2Test specimen inlet and outlet temperatures (unit: K), P1、P2The inlet and outlet pressure (unit: Pa) of the test piece is measured; u. ofais the flow rate (unit: m/s) u entering the heat exchanger through the smallest free flow areaa=P2T1Qa/(P1T2Afree) And delta P is the pressure drop (unit: pa), rho1、ρ2、ρmAir density and average density rho for inlet and outlet of test piecem=(ρ12) 2 (unit: kg/m3), L is the length (unit m) of the tested fin test piece, ke、kcThe coefficient of the resistance loss of the sudden expansion section and the sudden contraction section is obtained by inquiring a relevant manual and countedCalculating to obtain a resistance coefficient f, and finally obtaining a characteristic curve of the resistance coefficient f relative to the number Re;
And step five, repeating the step three and the step four to obtain enough data points, drawing a Re-f graph by using a measurement and control computer, and finishing the test.
According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristics that the viscosity of high-pressure air is smaller and the Re number is higher than that of normal-pressure air under the same flow rate, the inlet and outlet pressure drops of the test piece of the fin test piece under different air flows under high back pressure are detected by the testing device, so that the characteristic curve of the fin resistance coefficient f relative to the Re number is obtained, and the aim of testing the flow resistance characteristic of the fin under the high Re number is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fin specimen mold assembly according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following drawings:
As shown in FIG. 1, the device for testing the flow resistance characteristics of the fin of the plate-fin heat exchanger comprises a surge tank 9, a fin test piece mold assembly 16 and a differential pressure transmitter 18.
an inlet pipeline of a fin test piece die assembly 16 is connected in series with an outlet of the second electric control valve 11 through a first intermediate pipeline 12, and an inlet pressure sensor 14 and an inlet temperature sensor 15 are arranged on the first intermediate pipeline 12; the inlet of the second electric regulating valve 11 is connected with the outlet of the surge tank 9 through an expansion joint 10; an inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank 9 is connected with an outlet of the first electric regulating valve 6 through a first connecting pipeline 7, and a first pressure gauge 8 is arranged on the first connecting pipeline 7; an inlet of the electric regulating valve 6 is connected with an outlet of the stop valve 3 through a second connecting pipeline 4, and a second pressure gauge 4 is arranged on a second connecting pipeline 5; shut-off valve 3 inlet access port conduit 1.
An outlet pipeline of the fin test piece die assembly 16 is connected with an inlet of a vortex shedding flowmeter 20 through a second intermediate pipeline 17, an outlet of the vortex shedding flowmeter 20 is connected with an outlet pipeline 24, and an outlet pressure sensor 22 and an outlet temperature sensor 23 are arranged on the outlet pipeline 24. A differential pressure transmitter 18 is fixed on the second intermediate pipe 17.
the first electric regulating valve 6 and the second electric regulating valve 11 are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the surge tank 9, the opening degree of the first electric regulating valve 6 at the inlet of the surge tank 9 is controlled by a measurement and control computer, the measurement and control computer regulates the opening degree of the first electric regulating valve 6 by utilizing a PID algorithm embedded in the measurement and control computer through detecting the air pressure in a first intermediate pipeline 12 of an inlet pressure sensor 14 arranged in the first intermediate pipeline 12, and the closed-loop control of the air pressure in the first intermediate pipeline 12 is realized; the opening degree of the second electric regulating valve 11 at the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank 9 is controlled by a measurement and control computer, the measurement and control computer regulates the opening degree of the second electric regulating valve 11 by utilizing a PID algorithm embedded in the measurement and control computer by detecting the air flow of the vortex shedding flowmeter 20, and the closed-loop control of the air flow is realized
the inlet pressure sensor 14, the inlet temperature sensor 15, the outlet pressure sensor 22 and the outlet temperature sensor 23 are used for detecting the air pressure and the air temperature of the inlet and the outlet so as to calculate the air physical property parameters. And the differential pressure transmitter 18 is used for measuring the pressure difference between the inlet end and the outlet end of the fin test piece die. And the vortex shedding flowmeter 20 is used for measuring the air flow in the air channel.
as shown in fig. 2, the fin test piece mold assembly 16 includes a lower mold 1601, a frame 1602, a hydraulic cylinder 1603, a sliding shaft 1604, and an upper mold 1605. The lower die 1601 and the hydraulic oil cylinder 1603 are fixed on the rack 1602; the upper die 1605 is connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder 1603 through a sliding shaft 1604 and moves vertically under the drive of the hydraulic oil cylinder 1603; the upper die 1605 and the lower die 1601 form a test piece air duct; the inlet and the outlet of the test air duct are both used as pressure taking ports of the differential pressure transmitter 18 and are connected with the differential pressure transmitter 18 for measuring the pressure difference of the fins;
The testing steps of the testing device disclosed by the invention are as follows:
Step one, placing a test specimen into a lower die of a fin specimen die assembly, closing an upper die, and opening a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve;
Opening a stop valve, enabling the high-pressure air to sequentially pass through a second electric regulating valve, a pressure stabilizing tank, a first electric regulating valve, a fin test piece mold assembly and a vortex shedding flowmeter, and finally flowing out of the testing device;
Thirdly, respectively adjusting the opening degrees of a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve according to the pressure of the first intermediate pipeline and the flow of the vortex shedding flowmeter detected by the measurement and control computer, so that the device works under the set pressure and flow;
Detecting the temperature and pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the fin test piece die assembly, the pressure difference before and after the test piece and the air flow, and calculating the Re number and the f factor by using the formulas (1) and (2);
And step five, repeating the step three and the step four to obtain enough data points, drawing a Re-f graph by using a measurement and control computer, and finishing the test.
The function of the testing device is to quickly obtain the flow resistance characteristic curve of the fin under the high Re number. The traditional fin flow resistance characteristic testing device mainly utilizes a fan as an air source, but is limited by the power of the fan, the range of the number of tested Re which can be achieved is narrow, and the real high Re running condition of the fin in an air separation system cannot be accurately reflected. The invention takes high-pressure air as an air source, utilizes the characteristics that the air has smaller viscosity under high pressure and higher Re under the same air flow, obtains the test condition of high Re number with small flow, and obtains the flow resistance characteristic curve of the fin, which can more accurately reflect the resistance characteristic of the fin in real work.

Claims (6)

1. the device for testing the flow resistance characteristic of the fin of the plate-fin heat exchanger comprises a pressure stabilizing tank, a fin test piece mold assembly and a differential pressure transmitter; the method is characterized in that: an inlet pipeline of the fin test piece die assembly is connected in series with an outlet of the second electric regulating valve through a first intermediate pipeline, and an inlet pressure sensor and an inlet temperature sensor are arranged on the first intermediate pipeline; the inlet of the second electric regulating valve is connected with the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank through an expansion joint; an inlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with an outlet of the first electric regulating valve through a first connecting pipeline, and a first pressure gauge is arranged on the first connecting pipeline; the inlet of the electric regulating valve is connected with the outlet of the stop valve through a second connecting pipeline, and a second pressure gauge is arranged on the second connecting pipeline; a stop valve inlet access port conduit;
an outlet pipeline of the fin test piece die assembly is connected with an inlet of a vortex shedding flowmeter through a second intermediate pipeline, an outlet of the vortex shedding flowmeter is connected with an outlet pipeline, and an outlet pressure sensor and an outlet temperature sensor are arranged on the outlet pipeline; the differential pressure transmitter is fixed on the second intermediate pipeline; and the inlet and the outlet of a test air channel of the fin test piece die assembly are both used as pressure taking ports of a differential pressure transmitter and are connected with the differential pressure transmitter for measuring the differential pressure of the fins.
2. the fin flow resistance characteristic testing device of the plate-fin heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fin test piece mold assembly comprises a lower mold, a rack, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a sliding shaft and an upper mold; the lower die and the hydraulic oil cylinder are fixed on the frame; the upper die is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder through a sliding shaft and vertically moves under the driving of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the upper die and the lower die form a test piece air duct.
3. the fin flow resistance characteristic testing device of the plate-fin heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first electric regulating valve and the second electric regulating valve are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the surge tank, the opening degree of the first electric regulating valve at the inlet of the surge tank is controlled by a measurement and control computer, the measurement and control computer regulates the opening degree of the first electric regulating valve by utilizing a PID algorithm embedded in the measurement and control computer through detecting the air pressure in a first intermediate pipeline of an inlet pressure sensor of the first intermediate pipeline, and the closed-loop control of the air pressure in the first intermediate pipeline is realized.
4. The fin flow resistance characteristic testing device of the plate-fin heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the opening of the second electric regulating valve at the outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank is controlled by a measurement and control computer, and the measurement and control computer regulates the opening of the second electric regulating valve by using a PID algorithm embedded in the measurement and control computer through detecting the air flow of the vortex shedding flowmeter, so that the closed-loop control of the air flow is realized.
5. the fin flow resistance characteristic testing device of the plate-fin heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inlet pressure sensor, the inlet temperature sensor, the outlet pressure sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are used for detecting the air pressure and temperature of the inlet and the outlet so as to calculate the air physical property parameters; the differential pressure transmitter is used for measuring the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the fin test piece die; and the vortex shedding flowmeter is used for measuring the air flow in the air channel.
6. The method for testing the flow resistance characteristic of the fin of the plate-fin heat exchanger is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, placing a test specimen into a lower die of a fin specimen die assembly, closing an upper die, and opening a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve;
Opening a stop valve, enabling the high-pressure air to sequentially pass through a second electric regulating valve, a pressure stabilizing tank, a first electric regulating valve, a fin test piece mold assembly and a vortex shedding flowmeter, and finally flowing out of the testing device;
Thirdly, respectively adjusting the opening degrees of a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve according to the pressure of the first intermediate pipeline and the flow of the vortex shedding flowmeter detected by the measurement and control computer, so that the device works under the set pressure and flow;
Detecting the temperature and pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the fin test piece die assembly, the pressure difference before and after the test piece and the air flow, and calculating the Re number and the f factor by using the formula (1) and the formula (2):
wherein Q isaThe air volume flow (unit: m3/s), A, detected by the vortex shedding flowmeterfreeis the fin flow area (unit: m2), A is the fin windward side area (unit: m2), v is the air kinematic viscosity (unit: m2/s), DhIs the water conservancy diameter (unit: m) T of the tested fin test piece1、T2test specimen inlet and outlet temperature(unit: K), P1、P2The inlet and outlet pressure (unit: Pa) of the test piece is measured; u. ofaIs the flow rate (unit: m/s) u entering the heat exchanger through the smallest free flow areaa=P2T1Qa/(P1T2Afree) And delta P is the pressure drop (unit: pa), rho1、ρ2、ρmAir density and average density rho for inlet and outlet of test piecem=(ρ12) 2 (unit: kg/m3), L is the length (unit m) of the tested fin test piece, ke、kcObtaining resistance loss coefficients of sudden expansion and sudden contraction sections by inquiring a relevant manual, calculating to obtain a resistance coefficient f, and finally obtaining a characteristic curve of the resistance coefficient f relative to the number Re;
And step five, repeating the step three and the step four to obtain enough data points, drawing a Re-f graph by using a measurement and control computer, and finishing the test.
CN201910604333.8A 2019-07-05 2019-07-05 device and method for testing flow resistance characteristics of fins of plate-fin heat exchanger Pending CN110567674A (en)

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CN114201826A (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-03-18 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 Fin machining quality detection method based on fin resistance characteristic inversion

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CN111442929A (en) * 2020-04-01 2020-07-24 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Device capable of adjusting and simulating blockage and leakage of EGR cooler
CN114201826A (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-03-18 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 Fin machining quality detection method based on fin resistance characteristic inversion

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