CN110563917B - Online modified PPC resin and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Online modified PPC resin and preparation process thereof Download PDF

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CN110563917B
CN110563917B CN201911019341.2A CN201911019341A CN110563917B CN 110563917 B CN110563917 B CN 110563917B CN 201911019341 A CN201911019341 A CN 201911019341A CN 110563917 B CN110563917 B CN 110563917B
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polyol
parts
mixture
glycol
catalyst
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CN110563917A (en
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徐坤
徐玉华
林建新
何程林
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Suzhou Kunsheng Biodegradable New Materials Co.,Ltd.
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Jiangsu Zhongke Jinlong Environmental Protective New Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of PPC (polypropylene random copolymer) resin, in particular to an online modified PPC resin and a preparation process thereof, wherein the online modified PPC resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyol, 15-60 parts of isocyanate, 2.4-17 parts of micromolecular diol, 0.1-0.2 part of catalyst, 3-10 parts of hydroxyl silane and 1-30 parts of auxiliary agent, wherein the polyol is a mixture of polycarbonate polyol and other polyols, and the other polyols are at least one of polycaprolactone polyol, other polyester polyol, sorbitol and organic silicon polyol. The invention has the advantages of excellent biodegradation performance, high thermal stability and mechanical performance and low energy consumption.

Description

Online modified PPC resin and preparation process thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of PPC (polypropylene random copolymer) resin, and particularly relates to online modified PPC resin and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The development of socio-economic has led to an increasing demand for fossil fuels by humans, resulting in carbon dioxide (CO)2) The discharge amount of (b) tends to increase. As is well known, CO2Is one of the main gases causing the greenhouse effect, and the global warming brings very serious consequences, such as the subsidence of glaciers, the rise of sea level, desertification and the like, and directly threatens the survival of the human society. Meanwhile, with the continuous improvement of the living standard of human beings, the consumption of plastic products is increased day by day. While the plastic brings convenience to the life of people, a large amount of used plastic waste is increased continuously, a large amount of non-degradable plastic waste causes white pollution, and a non-negligible negative effect is caused to the natural environment which we rely on to live.
When the two problems of greenhouse effect and white pollution are comprehensively inspected, the discovery is that CO2And propylene oxide under the action of a catalyst to generate polymethyl ethylene carbonate (PPC) through copolymerization. PPC can be completely biodegraded, can partially replace the traditional general plastic for use, and is helpful for solving the problem of white pollution caused by the traditional petroleum-based plastic. By using CO2In the synthesis of PPC as a raw material, CO can be used2The green house effect is relieved, and the green house effect is relieved,the dependence of the plastic on petroleum resources is lightened; on the other hand, a fully biodegradable material can be obtained if the CO discharged by industrial production can be treated2The PPC is prepared into degradable PPC and widely used, which can relieve the greenhouse effect to a certain extent and is beneficial to reducing white pollution.
The PPC serving as a novel aliphatic polyester has good degradation performance and barrier property, and has the advantages of transparency, no toxicity and the like, so that the PPC has a good application prospect in the aspects of food packaging, medical materials, adhesives, engineering plastics and the like. The PPC has asymmetric molecular chain structure and good flexibility, belongs to completely amorphous plastics, has the glass transition temperature of about 35 ℃, small tensile strength (3-30MPa and closely related to the test temperature), extremely high elongation at break (more than 700 percent), strong deformation recovery after stretching and strong temperature sensitivity of the tensile strength. However, the melt processing temperature of PPC is above 100 ℃, thermal degradation occurs near 170 ℃, thermal stability is poor, and the mechanical properties of PPC are relatively poor.
Chinese patent application CN1426430A discloses thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUs) prepared with polypropylene carbonate soft segments comprising: a) poly (trimethylene carbonate) glycol (PTMC glycol) as a soft segment; b) a diisocyanate; and c) at least one diol which reacts with the diisocyanate to form a hard segment in an amount of 10 to 55% by weight of the composition, wherein the hard segment is defined as the sum of the diisocyanate reacted with the diol and the unreacted diol moieties. The elastomers are somewhat harder than corresponding TPUs based on polyols well known in the art. The PTMC TPUs had good physical and mechanical properties, including a slightly higher modulus of elasticity than the reference TPU. The abrasion resistance and compression set are also very good compared to polyether TPUs, and the softening temperature and the coefficient of thermal expansion are also improved compared to reference TPUs. In addition, by using PTMC polyols, the transparency of TPUs can be increased and even completely transparent materials can be obtained. However, the heat stability and mechanical properties of the polyurethane elastomer prepared from PTMC polyol are still to be further improved.
Chinese patent application CN109694494A discloses a biodegradable thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer foaming bead and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of polymers. The polyurethane elastomer foaming bead is composed of the following substances in parts by mass: 100 portions and 200 portions of bio-based polyol; 20-100 parts of isocyanate; 10-100 parts of a micromolecular alcohol chain extender; 0.1-10 parts of ultraviolet absorbent; 0.1-10 parts of a catalyst; 1-20 parts of a physical foaming agent; wherein the bio-based polyol is a combination of two or more of poly (methyl ethylene carbonate) diol (PPC), polycaprolactone diol (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA) or Polyglycolide (PGA). The prepared foaming bead can be rapidly degraded while ensuring the original foaming multiplying power, strength and density, and can be widely applied to industries such as packaging and the like. Meanwhile, the patent application also provides a preparation method of the compound, which is scientific, reasonable, simple and feasible. But the biodegradability of the expanded beads is to be further improved.
It is also common to add adjuvants to the polyurethane production process to improve the properties and appearance of the article or to improve the process of its preparation, such as stabilizers, flame retardants, mold inhibitors, antioxidants or UV absorbers. However, the auxiliaries are prepared by melting polyurethane and compounding the auxiliaries after the preparation of the polyurethane is finished, so that the energy consumption is high.
Chinese patent CN102391458A discloses a method for preparing aqueous polyurethane, assistant slurry and an aqueous polyurethane finishing agent, wherein the finishing agent is prepared from aqueous polyurethane and assistant slurry according to a proportion. Firstly, preparing a prepolymer with an end group containing an isocyanate group by using a hydrogenated isocyanate monomer, polyester polyol, a chain extender and other materials under the action of a catalyst, adding deionized water to disperse into a waterborne polyurethane system after a salt forming agent reacts with the prepolymer, and finally adding the chain extender at a low temperature to prepare the waterborne polyurethane. Secondly, uniformly mixing components such as a defoaming agent, a slipping agent, a dispersing agent, a pH regulator, a solvent, a hand feeling agent, a coupling agent and the like according to a ratio to prepare the auxiliary agent slurry. And then the waterborne polyurethane finishing agent for the medical PVC (polyvinyl chloride) gloves is prepared by compounding the waterborne polyurethane and the auxiliary agent slurry, so that the performances of smoothness, easiness in wearing, air permeability and the like of the PVC gloves are improved. However, the above patent adopts a mode of firstly preparing polyurethane and then blending the polyurethane and the auxiliary agent, so that the energy consumption is high.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an on-line modified PPC resin and a process for preparing the same, which can solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an on-line modified PPC resin with excellent biodegradability, high thermal stability and mechanical property and low energy consumption and a preparation process thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the on-line modified PPC resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyol, 15-60 parts of isocyanate, 2.4-17 parts of micromolecular diol, 0.1-0.2 part of catalyst, 3-10 parts of hydroxyl silane and 1-30 parts of auxiliary agent, wherein the polyol is a mixture of polycarbonate polyol and other polyols, and the other polyols are at least one of polycaprolactone polyol, other polyester polyol, sorbitol and organic silicon polyol.
According to the invention, the hydroxysilane is added into the modified PPC resin raw material, so that the thermal stability of the modified PPC resin is obviously improved, and the adhesion phenomenon is prevented.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the polycarbonate polyol to the other polyol is 12-15: 1.
According to the invention, by limiting the weight parts of the raw materials of the online modified PPC resin and the molar ratio of different alcohols in the polyhydric alcohol, the finally prepared online modified PPC resin not only has flexibility, but also has rigidity, and the mechanical property is obviously improved.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is at least one of polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polybutylene succinate, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, starch, cellulose and nucleating agent.
The modified PPC resin obtained by modifying the auxiliary agent can meet the performance requirement of the next product by changing the formula, does not need blending modification, and can be directly used.
Preferably, the polycarbonate polyol is polypropylene carbonate polyol or a mixture of polyethylene carbonate polyol and polypropylene carbonate polyol.
More preferably, the molecular weight of the polypropylene carbonate polyol is 1500-4000 and the functionality is 2.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the polyethylene carbonate polyol to the polypropylene carbonate polyol is 1: 4-6.
Preferably, the other polyester polyol is at least one of polyethylene glycol adipate glycol, 1, 4-butanediol adipate glycol, polyethylene glycol sebacate glycol and polyethylene glycol phthalate glycol.
More preferably, the other polyester polyol is at least one of polyethylene adipate glycol and poly (phthalic acid) glycol.
Preferably, the silicone polyol is an organosiloxane diol.
Preferably, the polyol is one of a combination of polycarbonate polyol and polycaprolactone polyol, polycarbonate polyol and other polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyol and sorbitol, polycarbonate polyol and silicone polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polycaprolactone polyol and other polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyol, other polyester polyols and sorbitol, polycarbonate polyol, other polyester polyols and silicone polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, other polyester polyols and sorbitol, polycaprolactone polyol, other polyester polyols, sorbitol and silicone polyol.
More preferably, the other polyol is a mixture of other polyester polyol and sorbitol.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the other polyester polyol to sorbitol is 2-3: 1.
Preferably, the isocyanate is at least one of 4,4 '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
More preferably, the isocyanate is at least one of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.
Preferably, the small molecular diol is at least one of ethylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-cyclohexanediol and neopentyl glycol.
More preferably, the small molecule diol is at least one of 1, 4-butanediol, propylene glycol and 1, 4-cyclohexanediol.
More preferably, the small molecule diol is a mixture of 1, 4-butanediol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-cyclohexanediol.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the 1, 4-butanediol to the propylene glycol to the 1, 4-cyclohexanediol is 2-4:1: 0.5-2.
Preferably, the catalyst includes at least one of tin-based, bismuth-based, and butyl titanate.
More preferably, the tin includes at least one of stannous octoate, stannous isooctoate, tributyl methoxy tin, t-butoxy tin, phenoxy tin, stannic chloride, stannic bromide, and acetylated tin.
More preferably, the bismuth group includes at least one of bismuth nitrate and bismuth naphthenate.
More preferably, the catalyst is a mixture of tin species and butyl titanate.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the tin species to the butyl titanate is 1: 2-3.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the online modified PPC resin, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyol, isocyanate, micromolecular diol, a catalyst and hydroxyl silane to obtain a mixture A;
(2) and injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder, adding the auxiliary agent into the middle section of the extruder, extruding, granulating underwater, and drying to obtain the composite material.
Preferably, the step (1) includes the steps of: simultaneously heating the polyalcohol, the isocyanate, the micromolecular diol, the catalyst and the hydroxyl silane to 50-80 ℃, and mixing to obtain a mixture A.
Preferably, the step (2) includes the steps of: and injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder through a casting machine, wherein the temperature of 360mm multiplied by 15 sections is 130-7 sections, the temperature of 8-15 sections is 150-200 ℃, then adding an auxiliary agent into 6-8 sections of the middle section of the extruder, reacting for 1.5-3 minutes, extruding, and carrying out underwater granulation at the temperature of 30-60 ℃ and drying to obtain the modified polypropylene material. The section 1 is closest to the feed inlet.
The double-screw extruder is a 95-type double-screw extruder, the diameter of a screw is 93.4mm, and the length-diameter ratio is 60: 1.
More preferably, the preparation method of the in-line modified PPC resin comprises the steps of:
(1) simultaneously heating polyol, isocyanate, micromolecular diol, a catalyst and hydroxyl silane to 50-80 ℃, and mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) and injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder through a casting machine, wherein the temperature of 360mm multiplied by 15 sections is 130-7 sections, the temperature of 8-15 sections is 150-200 ℃, then adding an auxiliary agent into 6-8 sections of the middle section of the extruder, reacting for 1.5-3 minutes, extruding, and carrying out underwater granulation at the temperature of 30-60 ℃ and drying to obtain the modified polypropylene material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the hydroxysilane is added into the modified PPC resin raw material, so that the thermal stability, the mechanical property and the biodegradability of the modified PPC resin are obviously improved, and the adhesion phenomenon is prevented.
According to the invention, by limiting the weight parts of the raw materials of the online modified PPC resin and the molar ratio of the mixed polyol of the polycarbonate polyol and other polyols in the polyol, the finally prepared online modified PPC resin not only has flexibility, but also has rigidity, and the mechanical property and the biodegradation property are obviously improved. Particularly, when polycarbonate polyol, other polyester polyol and sorbitol are used together as polyol, the proportion of different polyols is limited, and the mechanical property of the finally prepared online modified PPC resin is obviously improved.
According to the invention, specific polyhydric alcohol, isocyanate, micromolecular diol and catalyst are selected, the component ratio of each component is limited, especially the micromolecular diol is limited to be a mixture of 1, 4-butanediol, propanediol and 1, 4-cyclohexanediol, the molecular weight of the finally prepared PC resin derivative can reach more than 10 ten thousands, the high temperature resistance can reach more than 120 ℃, and the hardening and adhesion phenomena are still avoided at the temperature.
The invention further limits the catalyst to be a mixture of tin and butyl titanate, and the mass ratio of the tin and the butyl titanate has a remarkable influence on the performance of a final product. The synthesis reaction of the modified PPC can be further controlled by controlling the mass ratio of the two catalysts, and the mechanical property, the thermal stability and the biodegradability of the finally prepared product are obviously improved.
The invention adopts a one-step method to prepare the online modified PPC resin, and the preparation process does not need to add a solvent, the preparation is simple, the cost and the energy consumption are lower, the processing performance is excellent, and no harmful gas is discharged in the preparation process.
According to the invention, the auxiliary agent is used for modifying the PPC resin in the process of preparing the PPC resin, the modification is more uniform, the modification and the preparation are completed in one step, the PPC resin does not need to be prepared first and then is melted and compounded with the auxiliary agent, and the energy consumption is lower. The modified PPC resin obtained by modifying the auxiliary agent can meet the performance requirement of the next product by changing the formula, does not need blending modification, and can be directly used.
In the preparation process, the mechanical property and the biodegradation property of the prepared on-line modified PPC resin are obviously improved by limiting the reaction temperatures of the different charging barrels before and after the preparation, wherein the temperature of 1-7 sections is 130-170 ℃, and the temperature of 8-15 sections is 150-200 ℃.
The film prepared by taking the online modified PPC resin prepared by the invention as a raw material has excellent elongation at break and tear strength, has high barrier property to oxygen and water vapor, can realize complete biodegradation by composting, has special properties such as good compatibility with other biodegradable materials, and can be widely applied to industries such as packaging, mulching films, disposable articles and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The twin-screw extruder of the present invention is a 95 type twin-screw extruder, unless otherwise specified, and has a screw diameter of 93.4mm and a length-to-diameter ratio of 60: 1.
Example 1
The on-line modified PPC resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyol, 15 parts of 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2.4 parts of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.1 part of catalyst, 3 parts of hydroxysilane and 1 part of polylactic acid, wherein the polyol is a mixture of polypropylene carbonate diol (with the molecular weight of 1500) and polycaprolactone diol (with the molar ratio of 12: 1).
The catalyst is a mixture of stannous octoate and butyl titanate, and the mass ratio of the stannous octoate to the butyl titanate is 1: 2.
The preparation method of the online modified PPC resin comprises the following steps:
(1) simultaneously heating polyol, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1, 4-butanediol, a catalyst and hydroxysilane to 50 ℃, and mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) and (3) injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder through a casting machine, wherein the temperature of 360mm multiplied by 15 sections is 130 ℃ in 1-7 sections, and the temperature of 8-15 sections is 150 ℃, adding polylactic acid into the section 6 in the middle section of the extruder, reacting for 1.5 minutes, extruding, granulating underwater at 30 ℃, and drying to obtain the polylactic acid.
Example 2
An on-line modified PPC resin is different from the resin in the embodiment 2 only in that polycaprolactone diol is replaced by a mixture of polyethylene glycol adipate diol and sorbitol, the mass ratio of the polycaprolactone diol to the polyethylene glycol adipate diol is 2:1, and the other conditions are the same.
Example 3
The on-line modified PPC resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyol, 60 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 17 parts of propylene glycol, 0.2 part of catalyst, 10 parts of hydroxyl silane and 15 parts of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, wherein the polyol is a mixture of polycarbonate polyol and other polyol (the molar ratio is 15: 1).
The polycarbonate polyol is a mixture of polyethylene carbonate dihydric alcohol (with a molecular weight of 4000) and polypropylene carbonate dihydric alcohol (with a molecular weight of 4000) (with a mass ratio of 1: 6); the other polyhydric alcohols are a mixture of poly (phthalic acid) glycol ester diol and sorbitol (the mass ratio is 3: 1); the catalyst is a mixture of tributyl methoxy tin and butyl titanate, and the mass ratio of the tributyl methoxy tin to the butyl titanate is 1: 3.
The preparation method of the online modified PPC resin comprises the following steps:
(1) simultaneously heating polyol, toluene diisocyanate, propylene glycol, a catalyst and hydroxyl silane to 80 ℃, and mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) and (2) injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder through a casting machine, wherein the temperature of 360mm multiplied by 15 sections is 170 ℃ in 1-7 sections, and the temperature of 8-15 sections is 200 ℃, adding polybutylene adipate-terephthalate into the section 8 in the middle section of the extruder, reacting for 3 minutes, extruding, granulating under water at 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the polybutylene adipate-terephthalate.
Test example 1
The mechanical property of the online modified PPC resin in the embodiments 1-3 is tested, the specific test method refers to GB/T31124-2014, and the sample is type 1A in GB/T1040.2-2006.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 on-line modified PPC resin mechanical Properties test
Tensile strength/MPa
Example 1 33
Example 2 37
Example 3 39
Test example 2
The in-line modified PPC resin of example 1 was subjected to a biodegradation test, see GB/T19277-2003. The higher the percentage of biodegradation after 45 days, the better the degree of degradation. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 on-line modified PPC resin biodegradability test
After 45d the rate of biodegradation/%) Biological decomposition Rate after 130 d%
Example 1 72.5 90.3
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed by the technical means, and the technical scheme also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical characteristics. While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention, and that such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The modified PPC resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyol, 15-60 parts of isocyanate, 2.4-17 parts of micromolecular diol, 0.1-0.2 part of catalyst, 3-10 parts of hydroxyl silane and 1-30 parts of auxiliary agent, wherein the polyol is a mixture of polycarbonate polyol and other polyol, and the other polyol is a mixture of other polyester polyol and sorbitol; the mass ratio of the other polyester polyols to the sorbitol is 2-3: 1;
the molar ratio of the polycarbonate polyol to other polyols is 12-15: 1;
the auxiliary agent is at least one of polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polybutylene succinate, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, starch, cellulose and nucleating agent.
2. The modified PPC resin according to claim 1, wherein said polycarbonate polyol is a polypropylene carbonate polyol or a mixture of a polyethylene carbonate polyol and a polypropylene carbonate polyol; the other polyester polyol is at least one of polyethylene glycol adipate glycol, 1, 4-butanediol adipate glycol, polysebacate diol ester glycol and poly-phthalic acid diol ester glycol.
3. The modified PPC resin of claim 2, wherein said polypropylene carbonate polyol has a molecular weight of 1500-4000 and a functionality of 2.
4. The modified PPC resin according to claim 1, wherein said isocyanate is at least one of 4,4 '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate; the micromolecular diol is at least one of ethylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-cyclohexanediol and neopentyl glycol; the catalyst comprises at least one of tin, bismuth and butyl titanate.
5. The modified PPC resin of claim 1, wherein said catalyst is a mixture of tin and butyl titanate in a mass ratio of 1: 2-3.
6. A process for the preparation of a modified PPC resin according to any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing polyol, isocyanate, micromolecular diol, a catalyst and hydroxyl silane to obtain a mixture A;
(2) and injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder, adding the auxiliary agent into the middle section of the extruder, extruding, granulating underwater, and drying to obtain the composite material.
7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the step (1) comprises the steps of: simultaneously heating the polyalcohol, the isocyanate, the micromolecular diol, the catalyst and the hydroxyl silane to 50-80 ℃, and mixing to obtain a mixture A.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step (2) comprises the steps of: and injecting the mixture A into a feed inlet of a double-screw extruder through a casting machine, wherein the temperature of 360mm multiplied by 15 sections is 130-7 sections, the temperature of 8-15 sections is 150-200 ℃, then adding an auxiliary agent into 6-8 sections of the middle section of the extruder, reacting for 1.5-3 minutes, extruding, and carrying out underwater granulation at the temperature of 30-60 ℃ and drying to obtain the modified polypropylene material.
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