CN110563137A - Device and method for determining influence rule of pollution factors on biological activity of anaerobic process - Google Patents

Device and method for determining influence rule of pollution factors on biological activity of anaerobic process Download PDF

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CN110563137A
CN110563137A CN201911000191.0A CN201911000191A CN110563137A CN 110563137 A CN110563137 A CN 110563137A CN 201911000191 A CN201911000191 A CN 201911000191A CN 110563137 A CN110563137 A CN 110563137A
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reaction
biological activity
gas
concentration
nitrogen
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张肖静
陈召
张楠
位登辉
张红丽
庞启
谢旭扬
李英哲
黄亚宁
王浩旭
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Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02—Temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/14—NH3-N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/15—N03-N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
    • C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

a device and a method for measuring the rule of influence of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process relate to a device and a method for measuring the rule of influence of the biological activity of the anaerobic process. It is to provide a device and a method for measuring the influence rule of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process. The device comprises a plurality of sets of reaction devices, a deoxidizing device, a gas collecting device and an oscillating device which are arranged in parallel; wherein each set of reaction device comprises a reaction container and a sealing cover; the sealing cover is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the air inlet is connected with the deoxidizing device, and the air outlet is connected with the gas collecting device; the reaction vessel is fixed on the oscillation device. The method comprises the following steps: and (3) simultaneously adding pollutant substance solutions into the multiple sets of reaction devices, and calculating the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen and/or the change condition of removal load along with time according to periodic operation and period test indexes to obtain the influence rule of each factor on the biological activity of the anaerobic process of the wastewater. Can be used in the technical field of sewage treatment.

Description

Device and method for determining influence rule of pollution factors on biological activity of anaerobic process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for determining the influence rule of various pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process.
Background
With the continuous development of sewage treatment technology, people are gradually aware that sewage is no longer a simple waste treatment object, and the view that sewage is used as a carrier for resource and energy recovery is gradually becoming an industry consensus. Reviewing the development process of the sewage treatment technology, we can easily find that the activated sludge method is the main factor in the field of water treatment. However, under the background of energy crisis and resource shortage, sustainable development and carbon neutralization concepts are increasingly mentioned, and the traditional aerobic process represented by the activated sludge method seems to be thin, so that new technologies and concepts are urgently needed to lead the major turn of the water treatment industry.
the anaerobic process is a high-efficiency sewage treatment mode which is characterized in that organic matters in sewage are decomposed, metabolized and digested by anaerobic bacteria under an anaerobic condition, so that the content of the organic matters in the sewage is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, methane is generated. Compared with the aerobic process, the anaerobic process does not need external energy supply and aeration, saves energy consumption, can also generate biogas such as methane and the like, and has high economic benefit. In addition to conventional anaerobic nitrification, a novel autotrophic nitrogen removal process, typified by anaerobic ammonia oxidation, is also an important component of the anaerobic process. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation refers to a process of oxidizing and reducing ammonia nitrogen serving as an electron donor and nitrite serving as an electron acceptor into nitrogen by anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria under anaerobic conditions. Compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification, the method completely does not need an external carbon source, shortens the denitrification step, and greatly reduces the biological acid production and the sludge yield. Anaerobic technology is pushed to a new height by the proposal of anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and if the novel anaerobic technology is combined with the traditional anaerobic digestion technology, the low consumption and the synergistic removal of pollutants can be realized, and the goal of complete self-supply and even surplus of energy sources of sewage plants can be reached to realize carbon neutralization.
Microorganisms are the basis of biological sewage treatment, and the population, quantity and activity of the microorganisms directly influence the treatment effect. In addition, anaerobic microorganisms grow slowly and are sensitive to external conditions, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, etc. In addition, toxic substances existing in the water body may also have certain influence on the anaerobic system, such as heavy metals, nanoparticles, antibiotics and the like, however, no special determination device and method for testing the influence of pollution factors on microorganisms exist at present. Therefore, a set of rapid and stable measuring device and method are developed to detect the influence rule of the factors on the microorganisms, and the method has important significance for further application of the anaerobic process.
disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the influence rule of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process.
The invention relates to a device for determining the rule of influence of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process, which comprises a plurality of sets of reaction devices 1, a deoxidizing device 2, a gas collecting device 3 and an oscillating device 4 which are arranged in parallel;
Wherein the structures of a plurality of sets of reaction devices 1 which are arranged in parallel are the same; each set of reaction device 1 comprises a reaction container 1-1 and a sealing cover 1-2; the sealing cover is provided with an air inlet 1-3 and an air outlet 1-4;
the deaerating device 2 comprises a nitrogen cylinder 2-1, a nitrogen cabinet 2-2 and a plurality of rotor flow controllers 2-3; the nitrogen cylinder 2-1 is connected with the air inlet of the nitrogen cabinet 2-2; when the air outlet of the nitrogen gas cabinet 2-2 and the rotor flow control meter 2-3 are connected with the air inlet 1-3 of the reaction device 1, the air outlet and the rotor flow control meter are used for blowing off;
The gas collecting device 3 comprises a gas flowmeter 3-1 and a gas collecting bag 3-2; the gas outlet 1-4 is used for collecting gas generated by reaction when being connected with the gas collection bag 3-2 through the gas flowmeter 3-1;
the reaction vessels 1-1 of a plurality of sets of reaction devices 1 arranged in parallel are all fixed on the oscillation device 4.
further, the reaction device 1 also comprises a sealing gasket 1-5 and a clamp 1-6, wherein the sealing gasket 1-5 is arranged between the reaction container 1-1 and the sealing cover 1-2, and the clamp 1-6 is used for clamping the sealing cover 1-2 and the reaction container 1-1;
Further, the volume of the reaction container 1-1 is 500-1000 mL;
Further, the air inlet 1-3 is positioned in the center of the sealing cover and extends into the bottom of the digestion bottle;
Further, pneumatic one-way valves are arranged at the air outlets 1-4 and the air inlets 1-3 to prevent the air from flowing backwards;
further, a porous gas flow divider is arranged between the nitrogen cabinet 2-2 and the plurality of rotor flow controllers 2-3, so that the nitrogen flow is uniform;
Furthermore, 3-10 sets of reaction devices 1 which are arranged in parallel can be adjusted according to actual requirements;
Further, the oscillating device 4 is a shaking table;
the method for determining the influence rule of the pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process by using the device comprises the following steps:
Numbering a plurality of sets of reaction devices 1 which are arranged in parallel, wherein the numbers are No. 0, No. 1, No. 2, No. … … and No. n, washing sludge to be inoculated for 2-3 times by adopting water distribution, uniformly inoculating the sludge to each reaction container 1-1, controlling the sludge concentration to be 5000-10000 mg/L, and enabling the volume and concentration of sludge-water mixed liquor in each reaction container 1-1 to be equal;
Taking n equal parts of water, adding various pollutant substances into the water respectively, and uniformly mixing to obtain n solutions containing the pollutants;
Thirdly, changing water by adopting the original water according to a set water changing ratio and setting the water changing ratio as a blank control in a No. 0 reaction container 1-1; by using solutions containing polluting agentsChanging water for the liquid according to the set water changing ratio for the rest corresponding reaction containers 1-1, taking the muddy water mixed liquid for filtering, simultaneously recording the sampling time, measuring the pH value and the temperature, collecting the filtrate to measure the corresponding initial pollution index, and pouring the sludge into the reactor; the initial pollution index is organic matter Concentration (COD)]Inf.Ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Inf.Nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Inf.nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Inf.And/or total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Inf.；
fourthly, covering a sealing cover 1-2 of the reaction container 1-1, connecting an air inlet 1-3 with a deaerating device 2 by using an air pipe, opening the deaerating device 2, adjusting a flow controller 2-3 of each rotor to control the flow rate of nitrogen to be 0.5-1.5L/min, and blowing off for 5-10 min; after blowing off is finished, firstly closing the rotor flow controllers 2-3, then closing the deaerating device 2, and pulling out air pipes at the air inlet pipes 1-3;
Connecting the gas outlet 1-4 with the gas collecting device 3 by using a gas pipe, and resetting the gas flowmeter 3-1;
Sixthly, opening the oscillating device 4, setting the rotating speed of the oscillating device 4 to be 100-300 rpm, setting the temperature to be 25-35 ℃, and setting the oscillating reaction time to be 10-20 h;
Seventhly, after the oscillation reaction is finished, closing a valve 3-2 of the gas collecting bag, recording corresponding data of the gas flowmeter 3-1, taking down gas components to be detected of the gas collecting bag 3-2, and pulling out a gas pipe at a gas outlet 1-4;
Eighthly, opening a sealing cover 1-2 of the reaction container 1-1, taking the muddy water mixed liquor, filtering, measuring the pH value and the temperature, collecting filtrate, measuring the pollution index after the filtrate is correspondingly measured, and pouring the sludge into the reactor; after the sedimentation is finished, washing the sludge in the reaction container 1-1 for 1-2 times by water distribution; the corresponding index of ending pollution is the concentration of organic matter (COD)]Eff.Ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Eff.nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Eff.Nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Eff.And/or total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Eff.；
And ninthly, repeating the steps two to eight for circulation, wherein 1-2 periods are circulated every day, the circulation lasts for at least 30 days, and after the circulation is finished, calculating the COD removal rate, the COD removal load, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the nitrous removal rate, the nitric nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and/or the total nitrogen removal load according to the following formulas respectively:
wherein t is the reaction time (h);
And obtaining the change relations of the COD removal rate, the COD removal load, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the nitrous oxide removal rate, the nitric nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and/or the total nitrogen removal load corresponding to various pollution factors along with time, and obtaining the influence rules of various pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process by combining the pH and temperature changes.
further, the water distribution in the second step is simulation configuration according to the types and concentrations of pollutants in the actual wastewater of the inoculated sludge sampling point, and the configuration method is as follows: according to the COD concentration of 0-5000 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0-600 mg/L, the nitrite concentration of 0-300 mg/L and the nitrate nitrogen concentration of0-300 mg/L of C, 0-2000 mg/L of alkalinity, 0-20 mg/L of total phosphorus concentration, 0-4686.04 mg/L6H12O60 to 2828.57mg/L of (NH)4)2SO40 to 1478.57mg/L NaNO20 to 1821.43mg/L NaNO30-3356.64 mg/L NaHCO3And KH of 0-87.74 mg/L2PO4Adding water to dissolve, and adding inorganic salt and trace elements required by microorganism growth; wherein the inorganic salt is MgSO 100-200 mg/L4·7H2O and 50-100 mg/L CaCl2(ii) a FeSO with 4-6 mg/L of trace elements40.3-0.5 mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.1-0.3 mg/L CoCl2·6H2O, 0.5-1.5 mg/L MnCl2·4H20.1-0.3 mg/L of CuSO4·5H2O, 0.1-0.3 mg/L Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.1-0.3 mg/L NiCl2·6H2O and 0.1-0.3 mg/L of Na2SeO4·10H2O；
Further, the water exchange ratio in the third step is more than 60 percent;
And further, the pH and temperature measurement in the step eight is carried out by adopting a portable water quality multi-parameter measuring instrument.
The device for measuring the influence rule of each factor on the biological activity of the wastewater anaerobic treatment process adopts a plurality of sets of reaction devices which are arranged in parallel to simultaneously test the reaction activity under different conditions, has simple device, convenient operation method and good tightness, can measure the gas production rate and the gas production rate, and can combine other indexes to determine the influence rule of each factor on the biological activity of the wastewater anaerobic process.
The test method provided by the invention is convenient to operate, small in error and reliable in test result, and can be used for testing the influence rule of each factor on the biological activity of the wastewater anaerobic process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining the influence law of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the reaction apparatus 1.
In the figure: 1 is a reaction device, 1-1 is a reaction container, 1-2 is a sealing cover, 1-3 is an air inlet pipe, and 1-4 is an air outlet pipe;
2 is a deoxidizing device, 2-1 is a nitrogen gas cylinder, 2-2 is a nitrogen gas cabinet, and 2-3 is a rotor flow controller;
3 is a gas collecting device, 3-1 is a gas flowmeter, and 3-2 is a gas collecting bag;
and 4, an oscillating device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
example 1: the device for determining the rule of the pollution factors influencing the biological activity of the anaerobic process in the embodiment comprises 6 sets of a reaction device 1, a deoxidizing device 2, a gas collecting device 3 and a shaking table 4 which are arranged in parallel;
Wherein 6 sets of reaction devices 1 which are arranged in parallel have the same structure; each set of reaction device 1 comprises a reaction vessel 1-1 with the volume of 1000mL, a sealing cover 1-2, a sealing gasket 1-5 and a clamp 1-6; the sealing washer 1-5 is arranged between the reaction vessel 1-1 and the sealing cover 1-2, and the clamp 1-6 is used for clamping the sealing cover 1-2 and the reaction vessel 1-1; the sealing cover is provided with an air inlet 1-3 and an air outlet 1-4; the air inlet 1-3 is positioned in the center of the sealing cover and extends into the bottom of the digestion bottle;
The deaerating device 2 consists of a nitrogen cylinder 2-1, a nitrogen cabinet 2-2 and a plurality of rotor flow controllers 2-3; the nitrogen cylinder 2-1 is connected with the air inlet of the nitrogen cabinet 2-2; the gas outlet of the nitrogen gas cabinet 2-2 is connected with the gas inlet 1-3 of the reaction device 1 through a porous gas splitter and a rotor flow controller 2-3 for stripping;
The gas collecting device 3 consists of a gas flowmeter 3-1 and a gas collecting bag 3-2; the gas outlet 1-4 is connected with a gas collecting bag 3-2 through a gas flowmeter 3-1 and is used for collecting gas generated by reaction;
the reaction vessels 1-1 of the 6 sets of reaction devices 1 arranged in parallel are all fixed on the shaking table 4.
a method for determining the law of influence of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process by using the device in example 1, wherein the pollution factors are sulfates with different concentrations, the method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, numbering a plurality of sets of reaction devices 1 which are arranged in parallel, wherein the numbers are respectively No. 0, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5, and the volume of the reactor is 500 mL;
According to the COD concentration of 500mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 200mg/L, the nitrite concentration of 0mg/L, the nitrate nitrogen concentration of 0mg/L, the alkalinity of 500mg/L and the total phosphorus concentration of 15mg/L, 468.60mg/L of C6H12O6942.86mg/L of (NH)4)2SO4839.16mg/L NaHCO3and 65.81mg/L KH2PO4dissolving in water, adding inorganic salt and trace elements necessary for microorganism growth, wherein the inorganic salt is 150mg/L MgSO4·7H2O and 68mg/L of CaCl2(ii) a FeSO with 5mg/L of trace elements40.43mg/L of ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.24mg/L CoCl2·6H2o, 0.99mg/L MnCl2·4H2o, 0.25mg/L CuSO4·5H2O, 0.22mg/L Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.19mg/L NiCl2·6H2O and 0.21mg/L of Na2SeO4·10H2O；
Washing sludge to be inoculated for 3 times by water distribution, uniformly inoculating the sludge to each reaction vessel 1-1, controlling the sludge concentration to be 8000mg/L, and ensuring that the volume and the concentration of the sludge-water mixed liquor in each reaction vessel 1-1 are equal;
taking 5 parts of 500mL solution from water distribution, respectively adding sodium sulfate into the solution until the sulfate concentration is respectively 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L, 400mg/L and 800mg/L, and uniformly mixing;
Thirdly, changing water by adopting the original water according to a set water changing ratio and setting the water changing ratio as a blank control in a No. 0 reaction container 1-1; changing water for reaction containers 1-1 No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5 respectively according to a water change ratio of 60% by using a solution containing pollution factors, taking a muddy water mixed solution for filtration, simultaneously recording sampling time, measuring pH and temperature, collecting filtrate, measuring corresponding initial pollution indexes, and returning sludge to the reactor; the initial pollution index is organic matter Concentration (COD)]Inf.ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Inf.Nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Inf.Nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Inf.And total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Inf.；
Fourthly, covering a sealing cover 1-2 of the reaction vessel 1-1, connecting an air inlet 1-3 with a deaerating device 2 by using an air pipe, opening the deaerating device 2, adjusting each rotor flow control meter 2-3 to control the nitrogen flow rate to be 1L/min, and blowing off for 5 min; after blowing off is finished, firstly closing the flow control meters 2-3 of the rotors, then closing the deaerating device 2, and pulling out the air pipes at the air inlets 1-3;
Connecting the gas outlet 1-4 with the gas collecting device 3 by using a gas pipe, and resetting the gas flowmeter 3-1;
sixthly, opening the shaking table 4, setting the rotating speed of the shaking table 4 to be 200rpm, setting the temperature to be 30 ℃, and setting the oscillation reaction time to be 20 hours;
seventhly, after the oscillation reaction is finished, closing a valve 3-2 of the gas collection bag, recording corresponding data of the gas flowmeter 3-1, taking down gas components to be detected of the gas collection bag, and pulling out a gas pipe at a gas outlet 1-4;
eighthly, opening a sealing cover 1-2 of the reaction container 1-1, taking the muddy water mixed liquor, filtering, measuring the pH value and the temperature, collecting filtrate, measuring the pollution index after the filtrate is correspondingly measured, and pouring the sludge into the reactor; after the sedimentation is finished, washing the sludge in the reaction container 1-1 for 1-2 times by water distribution; the corresponding index of ending pollution is the concentration of organic matter (COD)]Eff.Ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Eff.Nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Eff.Nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Eff.And total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Eff.；
and ninthly, repeating the steps two to eight for circulation, wherein the circulation is carried out for 1 period every day and 30 days, and after the circulation is finished, calculating the COD removal rate, the COD removal load, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and the total nitrogen removal load according to the following formulas:
Wherein t is the reaction time (h);
And obtaining the COD removal rate, the COD removal load, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and the change relation of the total nitrogen removal load with time corresponding to various pollution factors, and obtaining the influence rule of various pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process.
The data processing results show that when the reactors No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5 were exposed to sulfate at concentrations of 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L, 400mg/L and 800mg/L, respectively, compared to the blank control No. 0, there was no significant change in each reactor, indicating that sulfate did not exhibit strong inhibitory effect on the anaerobic digestion process of microorganisms in this concentration range.
example 2: the method for determining the influence rule of the pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process by using the device in the embodiment 1, wherein the pollution factors are erythromycin with different concentrations, and the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Firstly, numbering six sets of reaction devices 1 which are arranged in parallel, wherein the reaction devices are respectively No. 0, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5, and the volume of the reactor is 1000 mL;
1178.57mg/L (NH) is added according to the COD concentration of 0mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 250mg/L, the nitrite concentration of 200mg/L, the nitrate nitrogen concentration of 0mg/L, the alkalinity of 1600mg/L and the total phosphorus concentration of 10mg/L4)2SO4985.71mg/L NaNO22685.31mg/L NaHCO3And 43.87mg/L of KH2PO4adding into water for dissolving, and adding inorganic salt and microelements necessary for microorganism growth; the inorganic salt is 150mg/L MgSO4·7H2O and 68mg/L of CaCl2(ii) a FeSO with 5mg/L of trace elements40.43mg/L of ZnSO4·7H2o, 0.24mg/L CoCl2·6H2o, 0.99mg/L MnCl2·4H2o, 0.25mg/L CuSO4·5H2o, 0.22mg/L Na2MoO4·2H2o, 0.19mg/L NiCl2·6H2O and 0.21mg/L of Na2SeO4·10H2O；
Washing sludge to be inoculated for 3 times in water distribution, uniformly inoculating the sludge to each reaction container 1-1, controlling the sludge concentration to be 6000mg/L, and ensuring that the volume and the concentration of sludge-water mixed liquor in each reaction container 1-1 are equal;
Taking 5 parts of 1000mL of water, respectively adding erythromycin to the water until the concentrations of the erythromycin are respectively 0.001mg/L, 1mg/L, 10mg/L, 50mg/L and 100mg/L, and uniformly mixing to obtain 5 solutions containing pollution factors;
thirdly, changing water by adopting the original water according to a set water changing ratio and setting the water changing ratio as a blank control in a No. 0 reaction container 1-1; respectively changing water for No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5 reaction vessels 1-1 according to a water change ratio of 70% by using a solution containing pollution factors, taking a muddy water mixed solution for filtration, simultaneously recording sampling time, measuring pH and temperature, collecting filtrate, measuring corresponding initial pollution indexes, and returning sludge to the reactor; the initial pollution index is ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Inf.Nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Inf.Nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Inf.and total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Inf.；
Fourthly, covering a sealing cover 1-2 of the reaction vessel 1-1, connecting an air inlet pipe 1-3 with a deaerating device 2 by using an air pipe, opening the deaerating device 2, adjusting each rotor flow control meter 2-3 to control the nitrogen flow rate to be 1L/min, and blowing off for 5 min; after blowing off is finished, firstly closing the rotor flow controllers 2-3, then closing the deaerating device 2, and pulling out air pipes at the air inlet pipes 1-3;
fifthly, connecting the gas outlet pipe 1-4 with the gas collecting device 3 by using a gas pipe, and resetting the gas flowmeter 3-1;
Sixthly, opening the shaking table 4, setting the rotating speed of the shaking table 4 to be 180rpm, setting the temperature to be 25 ℃, and setting the oscillation reaction time to be 10 hours;
seventhly, after the oscillation reaction is finished, closing a valve 3-2 of the gas collecting bag, recording corresponding data of the gas flowmeter 3-1, taking down gas components to be detected of the gas collecting bag, and pulling out a gas pipe at a gas outlet pipe 1-4;
Eighthly, opening a sealing cover 1-2 of the reaction container 1-1, taking the muddy water mixed liquor, filtering, measuring the pH value and the temperature, collecting filtrate, measuring the pollution index after the filtrate is correspondingly measured, and pouring the sludge into the reactor; after the sedimentation is finished, washing the sludge in the reaction container 1-1 for 1-2 times by water distribution; the corresponding index of ending pollution is ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Eff.Nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Eff.nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Eff.and total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Eff.；
and ninthly, repeating the steps from the second step to the eighth step for circulation, wherein the circulation is carried out for 1 period every day, the circulation is carried out for 44 days, and after the circulation is finished, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the nitrous removal rate, the nitric nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and the total nitrogen removal load are calculated according to the following formulas:
Wherein t is the reaction time (h);
Obtaining ammonia nitrogen removal rate, nitrous removal rate, nitric nitrogen removal rate, total nitrogen removal rate and total nitrogen removal load change relation with time corresponding to various pollution factors, and obtaining influence rules of various pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process by combining pH and temperature changes.
The data processing results show that compared with a No. 0 blank control group, the treatment effects of the No. 1 and No. 2 reactors are reduced firstly and then recovered, which indicates that the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria are firstly inhibited and then show adaptability under the action of low-concentration antibiotic erythromycin; compared with the blank control group 0, the reactors 3, 4 and 5 are inhibited and not recovered at the later stage, which shows that the high-concentration antibiotic erythromycin (10-100mg/L) has stronger inhibiting effect on anammox bacteria, and the inhibiting threshold is 10mg/L and is gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration.

Claims (10)

1. a device for determining the influence rule of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process is characterized by comprising a plurality of sets of reaction devices (1), a deoxidizing device (2), a gas collecting device (3) and an oscillating device (4) which are arranged in parallel;
Wherein the structures of a plurality of sets of reaction devices (1) which are arranged in parallel are the same; each set of reaction device (1) comprises a reaction container (1-1) and a sealing cover (1-2); the sealing cover is provided with an air inlet (1-3) and an air outlet (1-4);
the deaerating device (2) comprises a nitrogen cylinder (2-1), a nitrogen cabinet (2-2) and a plurality of rotor flow controllers (2-3); the nitrogen cylinder (2-1) is connected with the air inlet of the nitrogen cabinet (2-2); an air outlet of the nitrogen gas cabinet (2-2) and the rotor flow control meter (2-3) are connected with an air inlet (1-3) of the reaction device (1) and used for stripping;
The gas collecting device (3) comprises a gas flowmeter (3-1) and a gas collecting bag (3-2); the gas outlet (1-4) is connected with the gas collecting bag (3-2) through a gas flowmeter (3-1) and is used for collecting gas generated by reaction;
Reaction containers (1-1) of a plurality of sets of reaction devices (1) which are arranged in parallel are all fixed on an oscillating device (4).
2. The apparatus for determining the influence law of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction apparatus (1) further comprises a sealing washer (1-5) and a clamp (1-6), the sealing washer (1-5) is disposed between the reaction vessel (1-1) and the sealing cover (1-2), and the clamp (1-6) is used for clamping the sealing cover (1-2) and the reaction vessel (1-1).
3. The apparatus for determining the law of influence of polluting elements on the biological activity of anaerobic processes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said air inlet (1-3) is located in the central position of the sealing cover and extends to the bottom of the digestion vessel.
4. The device for determining the influence law of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein pneumatic check valves are arranged at the air outlets (1-4) and the air inlets (1-3).
5. The device for determining the law of the impact of polluting elements on the biological activity of anaerobic processes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a porous gas splitter is provided between the nitrogen tank (2-2) and the plurality of rotameter (2-3).
6. the device for determining the influence rule of the pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 3-10 sets of the reaction devices (1) are arranged in parallel.
7. an apparatus for determining the law of influence of polluting elements on the biological activity of anaerobic processes according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the oscillating means (4) is a rocking platform.
8. A method for determining the law of the effect of polluting elements on the biological activity of anaerobic processes using the device of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
Numbering a plurality of sets of reaction devices (1) which are arranged in parallel, wherein the numbers are No. 0, No. 1, No. 2, No. … … and No. n, washing sludge to be inoculated for 2-3 times by adopting water distribution, uniformly inoculating the sludge to each reaction container (1-1), controlling the sludge concentration to be 5000-10000 mg/L, and enabling the volume and the concentration of sludge-water mixed liquor in each reaction container (1-1) to be equal;
taking n equal parts of water, adding various pollutant substances into the water respectively, and uniformly mixing to obtain n solutions containing the pollutants;
Thirdly, changing water by adopting water distribution according to a set water changing ratio and setting the water changing ratio as a blank control in a No. 0 reaction container (1-1); changing water of the solution containing the pollution factors according to a set water change ratio and other reaction containers (1-1) with corresponding numbers, taking a muddy water mixed solution for filtration, simultaneously recording sampling time, measuring pH and temperature, collecting filtrate to measure corresponding initial pollution indexes, and pouring the sludge into the reactor; the initial pollution index is organic matter Concentration (COD)]Inf.Ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Inf.Nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Inf.Nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]Inf.and/or total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Inf.；
Fourthly, covering a sealing cover (1-2) of the reaction container (1-1), connecting an air inlet (1-3) with a deaerating device (2) by using an air pipe, opening the deaerating device (2), adjusting each rotor flow control meter (2-3) to control the nitrogen flow rate to be 0.5-1.5L/min, and blowing off for 5-10 min; after blowing off is finished, closing the rotor flow control meters (2-3), closing the deaerating device (2) and pulling out the air pipes at the air inlets (1-3);
connecting the gas outlet (1-4) with the gas collecting device (3) by using a gas pipe, and resetting the gas flowmeter (3-1);
Sixthly, turning on the oscillation device (4), setting the rotation speed of the oscillation device (4) to be 100-300 rpm, setting the temperature to be 25-35 ℃, and setting the oscillation reaction time to be 10-20 h;
Seventhly, after the oscillation reaction is finished, closing a valve of the gas collecting bag (3-2), recording corresponding data of the gas flowmeter (3-1), taking down gas components to be detected of the gas collecting bag (3-2), and pulling out a gas pipe at a gas outlet (1-4);
Eighthly, opening a sealing cover (1-2) of the reaction container (1-1), taking the muddy water mixed liquor, filtering, measuring the pH value and the temperature, collecting the filtrate, measuring the pollution index after the filtrate is correspondingly measured, and pouring the sludge into the reactor; after the sedimentation is finished, washing the sludge in the reaction container (1-1) for 1-2 times by water distribution; the corresponding index of ending pollution is the concentration of organic matter (COD)]Eff.ammonia nitrogen concentration [ NH ]4 +-N]Eff.nitrogen concentration [ NO ]2 --N]Eff.nitrate nitrogen concentration [ NO3 --N]EffAnd/or total nitrogen concentration [ TN]Eff.；
And ninthly, repeating the steps two to eight for circulation, wherein 1-2 periods are circulated every day, the circulation lasts for at least 30 days, and after the circulation is finished, calculating the COD removal rate, the COD removal load, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the nitrous removal rate, the nitric nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and/or the total nitrogen removal load according to the following formulas respectively:
Wherein t is reaction time in hours;
And obtaining the change relationship of the COD removal rate, the COD removal load, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate, the nitrous oxide removal rate, the nitric nitrogen removal rate, the total nitrogen removal rate and/or the total nitrogen removal load corresponding to various pollution factors along with time, and obtaining the influence rule of various pollution factors on the biological activity of the anaerobic process.
9. The method for determining the rule of influence of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process according to claim 8 by using the device of claim 1, wherein the water distribution in the second step is prepared by the following method: according to the COD concentration of 0-5000 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0-600 mg/L, the nitrite concentration of 0-300 mg/L, the nitrate nitrogen concentration of 0-300 mg/L, the alkalinity of 0-2000 mg/L and the total phosphorus concentration of 0-20 mg/L, 0-4686.04 mg/L of C6H12O60 to 2828.57mg/L of (NH)4)2SO40 to 1478.57mg/L NaNO20 to 1821.43mg/L NaNO30-3356.64 mg/L NaHCO3and KH of 0-87.74 mg/L2PO4Adding water to dissolve, and adding inorganic salt and trace elements required by microorganism growth; wherein the inorganic salt is MgSO 100-200 mg/L4·7H2o and 50-100 mg/L CaCl2(ii) a FeSO with 4-6 mg/L of trace elements40.3-0.5 mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.1-0.3 mg/L CoCl2·6H2O, 0.5-1.5 mg/L MnCl2·4H20.1-0.3 mg/L of CuSO4·5H2o, 0.1-0.3 mg/L Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.1-0.3 mg/L NiCl2·6H2O and 0.1-0.3 mg/L of Na2SeO4·10H2O。
10. The method for determining the influence of pollution factors on the biological activity of an anaerobic process according to claim 8 or 9 by using the device of claim 1, wherein the water change ratio in the third step is more than 60%.
CN201911000191.0A 2019-10-21 2019-10-21 Device and method for determining influence rule of pollution factors on biological activity of anaerobic process Pending CN110563137A (en)

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