CN110561851B

CN110561851B - Preparation method of low-cost non-vacuum metal laminated composite material

Info

Publication number: CN110561851B
Application number: CN201910791099.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁文红; 臧之祺
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Priority date: 2019-08-26
Filing date: 2019-08-26
Publication date: 2022-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-26
Also published as: CN110561851A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost non-vacuum metal laminated composite material, which improves the interface bonding strength and reduces the blank manufacturing cost by controlling the appearance and distribution of an interface oxide; assembling the base material and the coating material, sealing and welding the peripheries of the base material and the coating material, and leaving an exhaust port at the tail end of the blank; heating and insulating the blank, then carrying out hot rolling compounding to ensure that the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process is not less than the minimum critical compression ratio, and reducing the quantity of intermetallic inclusions in unit area by virtue of the extension of a compounding interface. The method has the advantages of low cost, good compounding effect and stable quality.

Description

Preparation method of low-cost non-vacuum metal laminated composite material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metal material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a low-cost non-vacuum metal layered composite material.

Background

The heterogeneous metal layered composite material is a novel layered composite material with the advantages of performance and cost of both base material and cladding material, and is widely applied to the fields of energy, traffic, ocean and aerospace. The hot rolling composite method is the main method for preparing large-size heterogeneous metal layered composite materials such as steel/stainless steel, titanium/stainless steel, corrosion-resistant alloy/steel and the like. In order to avoid oxidation reaction between air and metal between different metals in the hot rolling process and to form inclusions to reduce the bonding strength between the metals, the Japanese JFE firstly adopts a method of combining vacuum electron beam welding and hot rolling to prepare a high-quality heterogeneous metal composite material. Hereafter, domestic enterprises also adopt vacuum electron beam welding to produce heterogeneous metal composite materials successively. Because the vacuum electron beam welding needs to reduce the vacuum degree between layered metals by a huge vacuum chamber, the production cost is high, and the average blank manufacturing cost per ton of steel is up to 2000 yuan/ton.

In order to reduce the vacuum cost, a part of small and medium-sized enterprises adopt a brazing method to prepare the heterogeneous metal composite material, although the vacuum cost is saved, the brazing material is still expensive, and the product quality is unstable. In addition, some enterprises adopt non-vacuum assembly, and vacuum rolling is realized by using a mechanical pump and a molecular pump for pumping vacuum after assembly, so that the preparation cost of the layered metal composite material is reduced, but the production efficiency is low, and the intermetallic bonding strength is unstable. Under the background, a low-cost preparation method of the layered metal composite material is developed, the product quality of the heterogeneous metal composite material prepared by non-vacuum rolling is improved, and the premise and the basis for popularization and application of the novel metal layered composite material are formed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a low-cost non-vacuum metal laminar composite material, which has the advantages of low cost, good composite effect and stable quality.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a low-cost non-vacuum metal laminated composite material preparation method, which improves the interface bonding strength and reduces the blank manufacturing cost by controlling the appearance and distribution of the interface oxide, comprises the steps of,

s1, before assembly, performing surface treatment on the base material and the coating material to be compounded, and forming a layer of uniform and dispersed free metal on the surface to be compounded by controlling the surface roughness so as to ensure that the metal oxide formed in the heating process is uniform and dispersed;

s2, assembling the base material and the coating material, sealing and welding the periphery of the assembly, and leaving an exhaust port at the tail end of the assembly;

s3, heating and preserving the temperature of the blank, then carrying out hot rolling compounding to ensure that the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process is not less than the minimum critical compression ratio, and reducing the quantity of intermetallic inclusions in unit area by virtue of the extension of a compounding interface.

In step S1, the surface treatment method is machining treatment, and the surface roughness Ra of the treated composite interface is not more than 6.3.

In step S3, the reduction ratio of the clad-rolling process is not less than 50%.

Further, the base material comprises steel and stainless steel.

Further, the coating material includes titanium, corrosion resistant alloy, stainless steel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method does not adopt vacuum and brazing, has low cost, improves the compounding effect by controlling the surface roughness of the surface to be compounded and increasing the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process, and has good compounding effect and stable quality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows metal surfaces of different roughness after machining, wherein (a) shows a high roughness surface and (b) shows a low roughness surface.

FIG. 2 shows the distribution of oxygen on metal surfaces of different roughness after machining, wherein (a) shows the presence of segregation of oxygen elements on the surface with high roughness, and (b) shows the uniform and dispersed oxygen elements on the surface with low roughness.

FIG. 3 shows the bonding interface after the metals with different roughness are compounded, wherein (a1) represents a high roughness surface (40 μm), (a2) represents a high roughness surface (100 μm), (b1) represents a low roughness surface (40 μm), and (b2) represents a low roughness surface (100 μm).

Fig. 4 is a graph of the binding strength in case 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the location of interfacial fracture on the carbon steel side in case 1.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

s1, before assembly, performing surface treatment on the base material and the coating material to be compounded (in the embodiment, the surface treatment method is machining treatment, and the surface roughness Ra of the compounded interface after treatment is not more than 6.3), and forming a layer of uniform and dispersed free metal on the surface to be compounded by controlling the surface roughness so as to ensure that the metal oxide formed in the heating process is uniform and dispersed;

s3, heating and preserving the temperature of the blank, and then carrying out hot rolling compounding to ensure that the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process is not less than the minimum critical compression ratio (in the embodiment, the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process is not less than 50%), and reducing the quantity of the intermetallic inclusions in unit area by virtue of the extension of the compounding interface.

The base material may be steel, stainless steel or other alloy material.

The cladding material may be titanium, corrosion resistant alloy, stainless steel or other alloy material.

Case 1: the stainless steel 304 is compounded with Q235, the surface roughness is 3.2, and the bonding strength is shown in Table 1 and figure 4. when the compression ratio reaches 47%, the interface bonding strength reaches 399MPa, which is 393MPa higher than that of the vacuum blank made of the same material. Its interfacial fracture site is on the carbon steel side as shown in fig. 5.

TABLE 1 shear Strength (MPa) of stainless Steel clad plate

Table1 Shear strength of the stainlesssteel clad plate(MPa)

The method does not adopt vacuum and brazing, as shown in figures 1 to 3, improves the compounding effect by controlling the surface roughness of the surface to be compounded and increasing the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process, and has the advantages of low cost, good compounding effect and stable quality.

It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a low-cost non-vacuum metal laminar composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: by controlling the appearance and distribution of the interface oxide, the interface bonding strength is improved, the blank manufacturing cost is reduced, the method comprises the steps of,

s3, heating and insulating the blank, and then performing hot rolling compounding to ensure that the compression ratio in the compounding rolling process is not less than 50%, and reducing the quantity of intermetallic inclusions in unit area by means of the extension of a compounding interface;

2. The method of making a low cost non-vacuum metal laminate composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base material comprises steel.

3. The method of making a low cost non-vacuum metal laminate composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coating material comprises titanium and corrosion-resistant alloy.