CN110561098A - flexible shaft transmission type screwing device and method for nuts inside aircraft engine - Google Patents
flexible shaft transmission type screwing device and method for nuts inside aircraft engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110561098A CN110561098A CN201910827563.0A CN201910827563A CN110561098A CN 110561098 A CN110561098 A CN 110561098A CN 201910827563 A CN201910827563 A CN 201910827563A CN 110561098 A CN110561098 A CN 110561098A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
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Abstract
the invention discloses a nut and flexible shaft transmission type tightening device and method inside an aircraft engine, and belongs to the technical field of automatic assembly. The nut and flexible shaft transmission type tightening device in the aircraft engine comprises a tool pre-positioning system, a nut alignment positioning system and a flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system. According to the invention, the nut aligning and positioning system is used for sleeving the tightening sleeve on the nut to be screwed, and the tightening motor drives the tightening sleeve to complete the tightening work. The device adopts an automatic operation mode, has the characteristics of high automation degree, high movement precision and high tightening precision, lightens the manual operation task, greatly simplifies the operation process, avoids errors caused by manual operation, ensures the tightening consistency of internal nuts and improves the working efficiency of the whole machine assembly.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the technical field of automatic assembly, and particularly relates to a nut and flexible shaft transmission type tightening device and method inside an aircraft engine.
background
The aircraft engine rotor shell is an important component of an aircraft engine and mainly comprises a rotor shell and a multi-stage shaft disc in an assembling mode, wherein the end face of the shaft disc is connected with the rear mounting face of the rotor shell and is fastened and connected through a plurality of threaded connecting pieces which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of an axis. Because the aircraft engine mainly works under the external load condition of high temperature and high pressure, the extremely high requirement is put forward to the connecting part of rotor shell and shaft disc, and the screwing quality of threaded connection spare is the important factor that influences complete machine assembly performance and service reliability. And the distances among the discs of the multistage shaft disc of the modern aeroengine and the structures of the discs are greatly improved, so that the nuts are very difficult to assemble on the bolts in the shaft disc, and the assembly is difficult to effectively assemble by using the conventional field assembly tools. At present, the internal screwing of the nut on the shaft disc in the aeroengine is mainly realized by manually penetrating and screwing through a specially-made slender screwing sleeve rod, and the nut is completely operated manually in the assembling process, so that the nut screwing tool mainly has the following defects: (1) the tightening efficiency is low, the assembly mode used in the current assembly site is mainly a human working mode, and in the tightening assembly process, a constructor needs to search through an upper end narrow opening to find the next nut position through a long and thin sleeve rod in a probing mode during each tightening, so that the time and the labor are consumed; the requirement on the technical level of constructors is high, the field labor intensity is high, the operation efficiency is low, and the assembly process of the whole machine is influenced; (2) the tightening quality is poor, the device used in the current assembly field is a special long and thin type tightening sleeve rod which goes deep into the inner cavity of the rotor to perform tightening work in a manual operation mode, the manual operation mode cannot ensure the tightening consistency of each nut, and even the situation of wrong tightening and missing tightening occurs; the overall rigidity of the slender screwing sleeve rod is low, so that the screwing torque loss caused by the deformation problem is easy to occur in the use process, and the assembly quality of the whole machine is influenced; (3) the tightening precision is low, the target torque of the device used in the current assembly field is measured by power input at the input end of the slender rod through a force measuring wrench, the slender rod is stressed and deformed under long-distance transmission, the actual torque of the nut is greatly different from the measured value, the final assembly quality cannot be guaranteed, and the precision of the whole machine is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low tightening efficiency, poor quality and poor quality in the prior art, the invention provides the transmission type tightening device and method for the internal nut and the flexible shaft of the aero-engine, which are simple to use, high in efficiency and low in requirement on the skill of workers.
in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an aeroengine inside nut flexible axle transmission formula tightening device, aeroengine inside nut flexible axle transmission formula tightening device include that frock pre-positioning system, nut find the positioning system and flexible axle transmission formula tighten actuating system. The tool pre-positioning system is arranged on the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine, the nut aligning and positioning system is arranged on the tool pre-positioning system, and the flexible shaft transmission type screwing execution system is arranged on an axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 of the nut aligning and positioning system; the tightening sleeve 24 is sleeved on the nut 27 to be screwed through the nut aligning and positioning system, and the tightening motor 16 drives the tightening sleeve 24 to complete the tightening work.
The tool pre-positioning system comprises a casing 2, a positioning disc 3 and a switching section installation disc 4. A through hole is formed in the center of the casing 2 and used for mounting the positioning disc 3, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the edge of the casing 2 and used for mounting the casing 2 on the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine; the positioning disc 3 is of a cylindrical structure, and a flange is arranged at one end of the positioning disc; the adapter section mounting disc 4 is of a cylindrical structure, and one end of the adapter section mounting disc is provided with a flange; the positioning disc 3 is arranged in the through hole of the casing 2, and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning disc 3 is in transition fit with the inner surface of the through hole of the casing 2; the switching section mounting disc 4 is mounted in the positioning disc 3, and the outer cylindrical surface of the switching section mounting disc 4 is in transition fit with the inner cylindrical surface of the positioning disc 3; the casing 2, the positioning disc 3 and the switching section mounting disc 4 are fixedly connected through bolts.
the nut alignment positioning system comprises a lower mounting disc 5, an upper mounting disc 6, a support upright post 7, a high-precision electric dividing disc 8, a radial linear guide rail sliding table 9, a guide rail mounting square tube A10, a guide rail mounting square tube B11, a sliding table support guide rail 12, an axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 and a hanging ring 14. The lower mounting disc 5 is annular and is fixedly mounted on the switching section mounting disc 4, and the lower mounting disc 5 is coaxial with the switching section mounting disc 4; the upper mounting disc 6 is annular, the upper mounting disc 6 is fixedly connected with the lower mounting disc 5 through three symmetrically-mounted supporting upright posts 7, and the upper mounting disc 6 is coaxial with the lower mounting disc 5; the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 is arranged on the lower mounting disc 5, and the rotating axis of the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 is superposed with the axis of the lower mounting disc 5; the two radial linear guide rail sliding tables 9 are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on a rotary table of the high-precision electric dividing disc 8; the guide rail mounting square tube A10 is fixedly mounted on the sliding tables of the two radial linear guide rail sliding tables 9, and the guide rail mounting square tube A10 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the radial linear guide rail sliding tables 9; the sliding table support guide rails 12 are two in number and are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on the upper mounting disc 6; the guide rail mounting square tube B11 is mounted on the sliding table of two sliding table supporting guide rails 12, and the guide rail mounting square tube A10 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding table supporting guide rails 12; the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 is arranged on a guide rail mounting square tube A10 and a guide rail mounting square tube B11, and the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 is perpendicular to the guide rail mounting square tube A10 and perpendicular to the guide rail mounting square tube B11; the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 is vertical to the sliding direction of the sliding table support guide rail 12; the number of the lifting rings 14 is three, and the lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the upper mounting plate 6 and are used for lifting the device.
The flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system comprises a tightening motor mounting block 15, a tightening motor 16, a long L-shaped groove steel frame 17, a flexible shaft upper mounting block 18, a flexible shaft lower mounting block 19, a flexible shaft 20, a tightening shaft 21, a sleeve support 22, a needle roller bearing 23 without an inner sleeve, a tightening sleeve 24, a laser sensor 25 and an industrial camera 26. The tightening motor 16 is arranged on a sliding table of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 through a tightening motor mounting block 15, and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the tightening motor 16 is parallel to the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13; the long L-shaped groove steel frame 17 is arranged on a sliding table of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 and is positioned below the tightening motor 16, and the vertical section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame 17 is parallel to the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13; the flexible shaft upper mounting block 18 is mounted at the tail end of the vertical section of the long L-shaped channel steel frame 17, a through hole is formed in the flexible shaft upper mounting block 18 and used for supporting the flexible shaft 20 to rotate, and the axis of the through hole is overlapped with the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the screwing motor 16; the flexible shaft lower mounting block 19 and the sleeve support 22 are mounted at the tail end of the horizontal section of the long L-shaped channel steel frame 17 through bolts; the flexible shaft lower mounting block 19 is provided with a through hole for supporting the rotation of the flexible shaft 20; one end of the flexible shaft 20 passes through a through hole of the flexible shaft upper mounting block 18 and is mounted on a rotating shaft of the tightening motor 16, and the other end of the flexible shaft 20 passes through a through hole of the flexible shaft lower mounting block 19 and is mounted on a tightening shaft 21; the sleeve bracket 22 is provided with a through hole for installing the needle roller bearing 23 without the inner sleeve; the tightening shaft 21 is arranged in the needle roller bearing 23 without an inner sleeve; the tail end of the tightening shaft 21 is provided with a tightening sleeve 24; the two laser sensors 25 are arranged on the horizontal section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame 17, and the laser sensors 25 are controlled by a numerical control system to detect the coaxiality of the device relative to the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine; the industrial camera 26 is fixedly mounted on the sleeve support 22 through screws, is used for monitoring the tightening state of the nut 27 to be screwed, and feeds back the tightening state to the numerical control system.
A nut and flexible shaft transmission type screwing method in an aircraft engine is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) Device installation:
(1.1) installing a casing 2 of the device tool pre-positioning system on a rotor shell 1 of the aero-engine, and fixing the casing by bolts.
(1.2) hoisting the nut alignment positioning system to the inner hole of the switching section installation disc 4 through the hoisting ring 14, wherein the lower surface of the lower installation disc 5 and the upper surface of the switching section installation disc 4 are matched surfaces, and the matched surfaces are fixed through screws.
(2) The screwing sleeve is sleeved into the nut to be screwed:
(2.1) radial positioning
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move, and drives equipment arranged on the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to enter the interior of the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine;
The high-precision electric indexing disc 8 rotates to drive the screwing sleeve 24 to align with the nut 27 to be screwed;
the numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc 8 to rotate 360 degrees, the laser sensor 25 collects position information of the device in real time in the rotating process, the numerical control system calculates the coaxiality of the device according to the collected position information, if the coaxiality meets the process requirement, the following steps are continued, and if the coaxiality does not meet the process requirement, radial positioning is carried out again according to the position information collected in the rotating process until the process requirement is met;
The numerical control system controls the radial linear guide rail sliding table 9 to move, and drives the screwing sleeve 24 to move right above the nut 27 to be screwed.
(2.2) axial positioning
the numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move, and drives the screwing sleeve 24 to approach and sleeve the nut 27 to be screwed;
In the radial and axial positioning process, the laser sensor 25 and the industrial camera 26 continuously acquire the motion state information of the tightening sleeve 24 and transmit the information to the numerical control system, so that the tightening sleeve 24 can be efficiently and accurately sleeved into the nut 27 to be screwed.
(3) and (3) screwing a nut:
The numerical control system controls a tightening motor 16 of the flexible shaft transmission type tightening system to output a tightening torque, and the tightening torque is transmitted to a tightening sleeve 24 through a flexible shaft 20 to perform tightening operation on a nut. At the moment, the numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc 8, the radial linear guide rail sliding table 9 and the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to be kept stable.
(4) switching to treat screwing the nut:
(4.1) releasing the fitting of the sleeve and the nut
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move upwards, and drives the tightening sleeve 24 to be disengaged from the nut 27 to be screwed.
(4.2) tightening the Sleeve for repositioning
The numerical control system controls the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the tightening sleeve 24 approaches the next nut 27 to be screwed according to the process sequence requirement. And (5) repeating the step 2 and the step 3 to complete the screwing work of the nut 27 to be screwed.
(5) And (5) screwing other nuts:
And (5) repeating the steps 2 to 4, and completing the screwing work of all the nuts according to the sequence of the process requirements.
(6) Unloading the device:
(6.1) the numerical control system controls the radial linear guide rail sliding table 9 and the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move, so that the tightening sleeve 24 moves to the axis of the aircraft engine rotor shell 1.
(6.2) releasing the screw connection between the lower mounting plate 5 and the adapter mounting plate 4. The nut alignment system is removed through the eye 14.
and (6.3) removing the bolt connection between the casing 2 and the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine, and taking down the tool pre-positioning system.
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The device adopts a flexible shaft mode to transmit the tightening torque to the position of the tightening sleeve, reduces the space influence caused by rigid shaft transmission, reduces the transmission error caused by using a complicated transmission ring section due to space limitation, and ensures the precision of the tightening torque and the precision of the tightening angle of the nut in the aircraft engine.
The device disclosed by the invention realizes the alignment function of the nut group by adopting a high-precision nut alignment positioning system, improves the working efficiency, and reduces the skill requirement and the labor intensity of workers.
The device adopts an automatic operation mode, has the characteristics of high automation degree, high movement precision and high tightening precision, lightens the manual operation task, greatly simplifies the operation process, avoids errors caused by manual operation, ensures the tightening consistency of internal nuts and improves the working efficiency of the whole machine assembly.
The device disclosed by the invention adopts the high-precision electric dividing plate and the axial and radial linear guide rail sliding table module to realize the phase movement and rotation of the screwing sleeve, the screwing device does not need to be disassembled and calibrated again in the nut screwing task in the engine, and the nut alignment positioning system enables the screwing sleeve to be quickly rotated to the next nut to be screwed to implement the screwing and unloading task according to the screwing process sequence requirement, so that the working efficiency is improved, the skill requirement and the labor intensity of workers are reduced, the angle precision of the screwed nut is ensured, and the screwing quality is ensured.
according to the invention, the special screwing device suitable for blind-mounting the part nut with long axial distance is designed according to the particularity of the structure of the rotor of the aero-engine, so that the assembling reliability and quality of the rotor of the aero-engine are ensured, meanwhile, the design concept can be used for reference and applied to the assembling project of shaft disc parts with other structures, and the special screwing device has wide application value.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an internal nut tightening device of an aircraft engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an aircraft engine internal nut flexible shaft transmission type tightening device installed in an aircraft engine rotor shell;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tool pre-positioning system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the nut alignment and positioning system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a flexible shaft driven tightening actuating system;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the flexible shaft driven tightening actuation system.
In the figure: 1. an aircraft engine rotor housing; 2. a case; 3. positioning a plate; 4. a switching section mounting plate; 5. a lower mounting plate; 6. an upper mounting plate; 7. supporting the upright post; 8. a high-precision electric index plate; 9. a radial linear guide rail sliding table; 10. a guide rail is provided with a square tube A; 11. a guide rail is provided with a square tube B; 12. the sliding table supports the guide rail; 13. an axial linear guide rail sliding table; 14, hanging rings; 15. screwing down the motor mounting block; 16. screwing down the motor; 17. a long L-shaped channel steel frame; 18. the flexible shaft is provided with a mounting block; 19. a flexible shaft lower mounting block; 20. a flexible shaft; 21. screwing a shaft; 22. a sleeve holder; 23. a needle roller bearing without an inner sleeve; 24. screwing down the sleeve; 25. a laser sensor; 26. an industrial camera; 27. and (5) screwing the nut.
Detailed Description
the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The nut and flexible shaft transmission type tightening device in the aircraft engine comprises a tool pre-positioning system, a nut alignment positioning system and a flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system, wherein the nut and flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. The tool pre-positioning system is arranged on the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine, the nut aligning and positioning system is arranged on the tool pre-positioning system, and the flexible shaft transmission type screwing execution system is arranged on an axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 of the nut aligning and positioning system; the tightening sleeve 24 is sleeved on the nut 27 to be screwed through the nut aligning and positioning system, and the tightening motor 16 drives the tightening sleeve 24 to complete the tightening work.
the tool pre-positioning system shown in fig. 3 comprises a casing 2, a positioning disc 3 and a changeover portion mounting disc 4. A through hole is formed in the center of the casing 2 and used for mounting the positioning disc 3, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the edge of the casing 2 and used for mounting the casing 2 on the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine; the positioning disc 3 is of a cylindrical structure, and a flange is arranged at one end of the positioning disc; the adapter section mounting disc 4 is of a cylindrical structure, and one end of the adapter section mounting disc is provided with a flange; the positioning disc 3 is arranged in the through hole of the casing 2, and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning disc 3 is in transition fit with the inner surface of the through hole of the casing 2; the switching section mounting disc 4 is mounted in the positioning disc 3, and the outer cylindrical surface of the switching section mounting disc 4 is in transition fit with the inner cylindrical surface of the positioning disc 3; the casing 2, the positioning disc 3 and the switching section mounting disc 4 are fixedly connected through bolts.
The nut alignment and positioning system shown in fig. 4 comprises a lower mounting disc 5, an upper mounting disc 6, a support upright post 7, a high-precision electric dividing disc 8, a radial linear guide rail sliding table 9, a guide rail mounting square tube A10, a guide rail mounting square tube B11, a sliding table support guide rail 12, an axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 and a lifting ring 14. The lower mounting disc 5 is annular and is fixedly mounted on the switching section mounting disc 4, and the lower mounting disc 5 is coaxial with the switching section mounting disc 4; the upper mounting disc 6 is annular, the upper mounting disc 6 is fixedly connected with the lower mounting disc 5 through three symmetrically-mounted supporting upright posts 7, and the upper mounting disc 6 is coaxial with the lower mounting disc 5; the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 is arranged on the lower mounting disc 5, and the rotating axis of the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 is superposed with the axis of the lower mounting disc 5; the two radial linear guide rail sliding tables 9 are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on a rotary table of the high-precision electric dividing disc 8; the guide rail mounting square tube A10 is fixedly mounted on the sliding tables of the two radial linear guide rail sliding tables 9, and the guide rail mounting square tube A10 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the radial linear guide rail sliding tables 9; the sliding table support guide rails 12 are two in number and are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on the upper mounting disc 6; the guide rail mounting square tube B11 is mounted on the sliding table of two sliding table supporting guide rails 12, and the guide rail mounting square tube A10 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding table supporting guide rails 12; the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 is arranged on a guide rail mounting square tube A10 and a guide rail mounting square tube B11, the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 is vertical to the guide rail mounting square tube A10, and the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 is vertical to the sliding direction of the sliding table support guide rail 12; the number of the lifting rings 14 is three, and the lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the upper mounting plate 6 and are used for lifting the device.
the flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system shown in fig. 5 and 6 comprises a tightening motor mounting block 15, a tightening motor 16, a long L-shaped groove steel frame 17, a flexible shaft upper mounting block 18, a flexible shaft lower mounting block 19, a flexible shaft 20, a tightening shaft 21, a sleeve bracket 22, a needle roller bearing without an inner sleeve 23, a tightening sleeve 24, a laser sensor 25 and an industrial camera 26. The tightening motor 16 is arranged on a sliding table of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 through a tightening motor mounting block 15, and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the tightening motor 16 is parallel to the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13; the long L-shaped groove steel frame 17 is arranged on a sliding table of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 and is positioned below the tightening motor 16, and the vertical section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame 17 is parallel to the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13; the flexible shaft upper mounting block 18 is mounted at the tail end of the vertical section of the long L-shaped channel steel frame 17, a through hole is formed in the flexible shaft upper mounting block 18 and used for supporting the flexible shaft 20 to rotate, and the axis of the through hole is overlapped with the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the screwing motor 16; the flexible shaft lower mounting block 19 and the sleeve support 22 are mounted at the tail end of the horizontal section of the long L-shaped channel steel frame 17 through bolts; the flexible shaft lower mounting block 19 is provided with a through hole for supporting the rotation of the flexible shaft 20; one end of the flexible shaft 20 passes through a through hole of the flexible shaft upper mounting block 18 and is mounted on a rotating shaft of the tightening motor 16, and the other end of the flexible shaft 20 passes through a through hole of the flexible shaft lower mounting block 19 and is mounted on a tightening shaft 21; the sleeve bracket 22 is provided with a through hole for installing the needle roller bearing 23 without the inner sleeve; the tightening shaft 21 is arranged in the needle roller bearing 23 without an inner sleeve; the tail end of the tightening shaft 21 is provided with a tightening sleeve 24; the number of the laser sensors 25 is two, the laser sensors are arranged on the horizontal section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame 23, and the laser sensors 25 are controlled by a numerical control system to detect the coaxiality of the device relative to the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine; the industrial camera 26 is fixedly mounted on the sleeve bracket 26 through screws, is used for monitoring the tightening state of the nut 27 to be screwed, and feeds back the tightening state to the numerical control system.
a nut and flexible shaft transmission type screwing method in an aircraft engine is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) Device installation:
(1.1) installing a casing 2 of the device tool pre-positioning system on a rotor shell 1 of the aero-engine, and fixing the casing by bolts.
(1.2) hoisting the nut alignment positioning system to the inner hole of the switching section installation disc 4 through the hoisting ring 14, wherein the lower surface of the lower installation disc 5 and the upper surface of the switching section installation disc 4 are matched surfaces, and the matched surfaces are fixed through screws.
(2) The screwing sleeve is sleeved into the nut to be screwed:
(2.1) radial positioning
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move, and drives equipment arranged on the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to enter the interior of the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine;
the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 rotates to drive the screwing sleeve 24 to align with the nut 27 to be screwed;
The numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc 8 to rotate 360 degrees, the laser sensor 25 collects position information of the device in real time in the rotating process, the numerical control system calculates the coaxiality of the device according to the collected position information, if the coaxiality meets the process requirement, the following steps are continued, and if the coaxiality does not meet the process requirement, radial positioning is carried out again according to the position information collected in the rotating process until the process requirement is met;
The numerical control system controls the radial linear guide rail sliding table 9 to move, and drives the screwing sleeve 24 to move right above the nut 27 to be screwed.
(2.2) axial positioning
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move, and drives the screwing sleeve 24 to approach and sleeve the nut 27 to be screwed;
In the radial and axial positioning process, the laser sensor 25 and the industrial camera 26 continuously acquire the motion state information of the tightening sleeve 24 and transmit the information to the numerical control system, so that the tightening sleeve 24 can be efficiently and accurately sleeved into the nut 27 to be screwed.
(3) and (3) screwing a nut:
The numerical control system controls a tightening motor 16 of the flexible shaft transmission type tightening system to output a tightening torque, and the tightening torque is transmitted to a tightening sleeve 24 through a flexible shaft 20 to perform tightening operation on a nut. At the moment, the numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc 8, the radial linear guide rail sliding table 9 and the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to be kept stable.
(4) switching to treat screwing the nut:
(4.1) releasing the fitting of the sleeve and the nut
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move upwards, and drives the tightening sleeve 24 to be disengaged from the nut 27 to be screwed.
(4.2) tightening the Sleeve for repositioning
The numerical control system controls the high-precision electric indexing disc 8 to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the tightening sleeve 24 approaches the next nut 27 to be screwed according to the process sequence requirement. And (5) repeating the step 2 and the step 3 to complete the screwing work of the nut 27 to be screwed.
(5) and (5) screwing other nuts:
and (5) repeating the steps 2 to 4, and completing the screwing work of all the nuts according to the sequence of the process requirements.
(6) unloading the device:
(6.1) the numerical control system controls the radial linear guide rail sliding table 9 and the axial linear guide rail sliding table 13 to move, so that the tightening sleeve 24 moves to the axis of the aircraft engine rotor shell 1.
(6.2) releasing the screw connection between the lower mounting plate 5 and the adapter mounting plate 4. The nut alignment system is removed through the eye 14.
And (6.3) removing the bolt connection between the casing 2 and the rotor shell 1 of the aircraft engine, and taking down the tool pre-positioning system.
The device adopts a flexible shaft mode to transmit the tightening torque to the position of the tightening sleeve, reduces the space influence caused by rigid shaft transmission, reduces the transmission error caused by using a complicated transmission ring section due to space limitation, and ensures the precision of the tightening torque and the precision of the tightening angle of the nut in the aircraft engine.
the device disclosed by the invention realizes the alignment function of the nut group by adopting a high-precision nut alignment positioning system, improves the working efficiency, and reduces the skill requirement and the labor intensity of workers.
The device adopts an automatic operation mode, has the characteristics of high automation degree, high movement precision and high tightening precision, lightens the manual operation task, greatly simplifies the operation process, avoids errors caused by manual operation, ensures the tightening consistency of internal nuts and improves the working efficiency of the whole machine assembly.
The device disclosed by the invention adopts the high-precision electric dividing plate and the axial and radial linear guide rail sliding table module to realize the phase movement and rotation of the screwing sleeve, the screwing device does not need to be disassembled and calibrated again in the nut screwing task in the engine, and the nut alignment positioning system enables the screwing sleeve to be quickly rotated to the next nut to be screwed to implement the screwing and unloading task according to the screwing process sequence requirement, so that the working efficiency is improved, the skill requirement and the labor intensity of workers are reduced, the angle precision of the screwed nut is ensured, and the screwing quality is ensured.
According to the invention, the special screwing device suitable for blind-mounting the part nut with long axial distance is designed according to the particularity of the structure of the rotor of the aero-engine, so that the assembling reliability and quality of the rotor of the aero-engine are ensured, meanwhile, the design concept can be used for reference and applied to the assembling project of shaft disc parts with other structures, and the special screwing device has wide application value.
Claims (2)
1. the nut and flexible shaft transmission type tightening device in the aero-engine is characterized by comprising a tool pre-positioning system, a nut aligning and positioning system and a flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system; the tool pre-positioning system is arranged on an aircraft engine rotor shell (1), the nut aligning and positioning system is arranged on the tool pre-positioning system, and the flexible shaft transmission type screwing execution system is arranged on an axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) of the nut aligning and positioning system; the nut aligning and positioning system is used for sleeving the tightening sleeve (24) on the nut (27) to be tightened, and the tightening motor (16) drives the tightening sleeve (24) to complete tightening;
The tool pre-positioning system comprises a casing (2), a positioning disc (3) and a switching section mounting disc (4); a through hole is formed in the center of the casing (2) and used for mounting a positioning disc (3), and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the edge of the casing (2) and used for mounting the casing (2) on an aircraft engine rotor shell (1); the positioning disc (3) is of a cylindrical structure, and one end of the positioning disc is provided with a flange; the adapter section mounting disc (4) is of a cylindrical structure, and a flange is arranged at one end of the adapter section mounting disc; the positioning disc (3) is arranged in the through hole of the casing (2), and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning disc (3) is in transition fit with the inner surface of the through hole of the casing (2); the switching section mounting disc (4) is mounted in the positioning disc (3), and the outer cylindrical surface of the switching section mounting disc (4) is in transition fit with the inner cylindrical surface of the positioning disc (3); the casing (2), the positioning disc (3) and the switching section mounting disc (4) are fixedly connected through bolts;
the nut alignment and positioning system comprises a lower mounting disc (5), an upper mounting disc (6), a support upright post (7), a high-precision electric dividing disc (8), a radial linear guide rail sliding table (9), a guide rail mounting square tube A (10), a guide rail mounting square tube B (11), a sliding table support guide rail (12), an axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) and a hanging ring (14); the lower mounting disc (5) is annular and is fixedly mounted on the switching section mounting disc (4), and the lower mounting disc (5) is coaxial with the switching section mounting disc (4); the upper mounting disc (6) is annular, the upper mounting disc (6) is fixedly connected with the lower mounting disc (5) through three symmetrically-mounted supporting upright posts (7), and the upper mounting disc (6) is coaxial with the lower mounting disc (5); the high-precision electric indexing disc (8) is arranged on the lower mounting disc (5), and the rotating axis of the high-precision electric indexing disc (8) is superposed with the axis of the lower mounting disc (5); the two radial linear guide rail sliding tables (9) are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on a rotary table of the high-precision electric dividing disc (8); the guide rail mounting square tube A (10) is fixedly mounted on a sliding table of the two radial linear guide rail sliding tables (9), and the guide rail mounting square tube A (10) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the radial linear guide rail sliding tables (9); the sliding table support guide rails (12) are two in total and are symmetrically and parallelly arranged on the upper mounting disc (6); the guide rail mounting square tube B (11) is mounted on a sliding table of two sliding table supporting guide rails (12), and the guide rail mounting square tube A (10) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding table supporting guide rails (12); the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) is arranged on a guide rail mounting square tube A (10) and a guide rail mounting square tube B (11), and the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) is vertical to the guide rail mounting square tube A (10) and the guide rail mounting square tube B (11); the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) is vertical to the sliding direction of the sliding table support guide rail (12); the three lifting rings (14) are symmetrically arranged on the upper mounting plate (6) and used for hoisting the device;
the flexible shaft transmission type tightening execution system comprises a tightening motor mounting block (15), a tightening motor (16), a long L-shaped groove steel frame (17), a flexible shaft upper mounting block (18), a flexible shaft lower mounting block (19), a flexible shaft (20), a tightening shaft (21), a sleeve support (22), a non-inner sleeve needle roller bearing (23), a tightening sleeve (24), a laser sensor (25) and an industrial camera (26); the tightening motor (16) is arranged on a sliding table of the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) through a tightening motor mounting block (15), and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the tightening motor (16) is parallel to the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13); the long L-shaped groove steel frame (17) is arranged on a sliding table of the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) and is positioned below the tightening motor (16), and the vertical section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame (17) is parallel to the sliding direction of the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13); the flexible shaft upper mounting block (18) is mounted at the tail end of the vertical section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame (17), a through hole is formed in the flexible shaft upper mounting block (18) and used for supporting the flexible shaft (20) to rotate, and the axis of the through hole is overlapped with the rotating axis of the rotating shaft of the screwing motor (16); the flexible shaft lower mounting block (19) and the sleeve support (22) are mounted at the tail end of the horizontal section of the long L-shaped channel steel frame (17) through bolts; the lower mounting block (19) of the flexible shaft is provided with a through hole for supporting the rotation of the flexible shaft (20); one end of the flexible shaft (20) passes through a through hole of the flexible shaft upper mounting block (18) and is mounted on a rotating shaft of the tightening motor (16), and the other end of the flexible shaft (20) passes through a through hole of the flexible shaft lower mounting block (19) and is mounted on a tightening shaft (21); the sleeve support (22) is provided with a through hole for mounting the needle roller bearing (23) without the inner sleeve; the tightening shaft (21) is arranged in the needle roller bearing (23) without the inner sleeve; a tightening sleeve (24) is arranged at the tail end of the tightening shaft (21); the two laser sensors (25) are arranged on the horizontal section of the long L-shaped groove steel frame (17), and the laser sensors (25) are controlled by a numerical control system to detect the coaxiality of the device relative to the rotor shell (1) of the aircraft engine; the industrial camera (26) is fixedly arranged on the sleeve support (22) through a screw, is used for monitoring the tightening state of the nut (27) to be screwed and feeds back the tightening state to the numerical control system.
2. A nut and flexible shaft transmission type screwing method in an aircraft engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Device installation:
(1.1) mounting a casing (2) of the device tool pre-positioning system on an aircraft engine rotor shell (1) and fixing the casing through bolts;
(1.2) hoisting the nut alignment positioning system to an inner hole of the switching section mounting disc (4) through a hoisting ring (14), wherein the lower surface of the lower mounting disc (5) and the upper surface of the switching section mounting disc (4) are matched surfaces, and the matched surfaces are fixed through screws;
(2) the screwing sleeve is sleeved into the nut to be screwed:
(2.1) radial positioning
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) to move, and drives equipment arranged on the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) to enter the interior of the rotor shell (1) of the aircraft engine;
The high-precision electric dividing plate (8) rotates to drive the screwing sleeve (24) to align with the nut (27) to be screwed;
The numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc (8) to rotate 360 degrees, the laser sensor (25) collects position information of the device in real time in the rotating process, the numerical control system calculates the coaxiality of the device according to the collected position information, if the coaxiality meets the process requirement, the following steps are continued, and if the coaxiality does not meet the process requirement, radial positioning is carried out again according to the position information collected in the rotating process until the process requirement is met;
the numerical control system controls the radial linear guide rail sliding table (9) to move, and drives the tightening sleeve (24) to move to the position right above the nut (27) to be screwed;
(2.2) axial positioning
The numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) to move, and drives the tightening sleeve (24) to approach and sleeve the nut (27) to be screwed;
In the radial and axial positioning process, the laser sensor (25) and the industrial camera (26) continuously acquire the motion state information of the tightening sleeve (24) and transmit the information to the numerical control system so as to ensure that the tightening sleeve (24) can be efficiently and accurately sleeved into the nut (27) to be screwed;
(3) And (3) screwing a nut:
The numerical control system controls a screwing motor (16) of the flexible shaft transmission type screwing system to output screwing torque, the screwing torque is transmitted to a screwing sleeve (24) through a flexible shaft (20), and screwing operation is carried out on a nut; at the moment, the numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc (8), the radial linear guide rail sliding table (9) and the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) to keep stable;
(4) switching to treat screwing the nut:
(4.1) releasing the fitting of the sleeve and the nut
the numerical control system controls the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) to move upwards to drive the screwing sleeve (24) to be disengaged from the nut (27) to be screwed;
(4.2) tightening the Sleeve for repositioning
The numerical control system controls the high-precision electric dividing disc (8) to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the tightening sleeve (24) approaches to the next nut (27) to be screwed according to the process sequence requirement; the step 2 and the step 3 are repeated to finish the screwing work of the nut (27) to be screwed;
(5) and (5) screwing other nuts:
Repeating the steps (2) to (4), and completing the screwing work of all nuts according to the sequence of the process requirements;
(6) unloading the device:
(6.1) the numerical control system controls the radial linear guide rail sliding table (9) and the axial linear guide rail sliding table (13) to move, so that the tightening sleeve (24) moves to the axis of the rotor shell (1) of the aircraft engine;
(6.2) releasing the screw connection between the lower mounting disc (5) and the switching section mounting disc (4); the nut alignment positioning system is taken down through the lifting ring (14);
And (6.3) removing the bolt connection between the casing (2) and the rotor shell (1) of the aircraft engine, and taking down the tool pre-positioning system.
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| CN201910827563.0A CN110561098A (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | flexible shaft transmission type screwing device and method for nuts inside aircraft engine |
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| CN111390546A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-10 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Three-degree-of-freedom fastening device |
| CN113458771A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 常州工学院 | Electric screwdriver device with flexible screwing gun head |
| CN115673744A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-02-03 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Dismounting device for connecting nut in shaft cavity of aircraft engine |
| CN116638296A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-08-25 | 苏州海通机器人系统有限公司 | Device and method for disassembling and assembling connecting nuts in shaft cavity of aero-engine |
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| CN116638296A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-08-25 | 苏州海通机器人系统有限公司 | Device and method for disassembling and assembling connecting nuts in shaft cavity of aero-engine |
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Application publication date: 20191213 |