CN110557006A - Method for modulating neat edge pulse width of three-phase current transformer of soft switch - Google Patents
Method for modulating neat edge pulse width of three-phase current transformer of soft switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN110557006A CN110557006A CN201910867244.2A CN201910867244A CN110557006A CN 110557006 A CN110557006 A CN 110557006A CN 201910867244 A CN201910867244 A CN 201910867244A CN 110557006 A CN110557006 A CN 110557006A
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- bridge arm
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- sawtooth
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
the invention discloses an edge-aligning pulse width modulation (EA-PWM) method for a soft-switching three-phase converter. By the modulation method, the triangular carrier in the traditional three-phase PWM pulse width modulation method is changed into the sawtooth carrier. When the bridge arm current is positive, the rising sawtooth carrier is selected, and when the bridge arm current is negative, the falling sawtooth carrier is selected. Therefore, the alignment of high commutation loss moments of the three-phase converter can be realized. After the soft switching three-phase converter adopts a method of edge-flush pulse width modulation (EA-PWM), the ZVS auxiliary branch only needs to work once in each switching period, and zero voltage switching-on of a power device in the three-phase converter can be realized. The method of the invention has no limit on the modulation wave adopted by the pulse width generation, and can select a sine wave, a modulation wave injected with third harmonic or other modulation waves according to the actual requirement. The modulation method is suitable for various circuits and any power factors, and the realization of the modulation method is convenient for digital control and is more convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of control of power electronic converters, in particular to an edge pulse width modulation (EA-PWM) method for a soft-switching three-phase converter
Background
In a traditional Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) method of a converter, high commutation loss moments existing in the converter, namely commutation moments of diodes to opposite main switching tubes, are dispersed at a plurality of different moments of a switching period. In order to realize Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of all switching tubes, an auxiliary switching tube in the soft switching converter needs to act for multiple times in one switching period, and the control is difficult and difficult to realize.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for modulating the edge-flush pulse width of a soft-switching three-phase converter (EA-PWM). The method has the following characteristics: (1) the modulation wave is not limited, and a sine modulation wave, a modulation wave injected by third harmonic or other modulation waves can be selected according to requirements; (2) in one switching period, all diodes in the soft switching converter synchronize the current conversion time to the opposite main switching tube to the same time, so that the auxiliary switching tube only needs to act once in one switching period; (3) the method is suitable for any power factor; (4) suitable for use in a variety of circuit topologies.
The invention provides a method for modulating the edge-flush pulse width of a soft-switching three-phase converter (EA-PWM), which comprises the following steps:
changing a triangular carrier in a traditional three-phase PWM pulse width modulation method into a sawtooth carrier, and selecting an ascending sawtooth carrier or a descending sawtooth carrier according to the polarity of a certain phase current to realize the alignment of high commutation loss time in a three-phase current transformer; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, defining a modulation wave of a certain phase bridge arm and the current polarity of the phase bridge arm, and defining that the current flows out of the midpoint of the bridge arm to be positive and flows into the midpoint of the bridge arm to be negative;
Secondly, if the bridge arm current is positive, the rising sawtooth wave is compared with the modulation wave to generate PWM. And if the bridge arm current is negative, comparing the descending sawtooth wave with the modulation wave to generate PWM. In one switching period, all bridge arms with positive bridge arm currents in the soft switching converter use the same rising sawtooth carrier, and all bridge arms with negative bridge arm currents use the same falling sawtooth carrier. The rising sawtooth carrier and the falling sawtooth carrier are symmetrical about a time axis (i.e., the amplitude, period, and phase of the sawtooth waves are the same, and only the directions are different, one is a rising type and the other is a falling type). By the operation, all diodes existing in the soft switching converter are synchronized to the same moment when the current flows to the opposite main switching tube.
The auxiliary switching tube is turned off before the switching action moment when the current is converted from the diode to the main switching tube, so that the voltage resonance between the positive and negative public buses is zero, and a zero-voltage switching-on condition is created for the main switching tube; after the process of converting current from all the diodes to the main switching tube is finished, the voltage on the clamping capacitor in the circuit resonates to zero, and the auxiliary switching tube is switched on at zero voltage. The method of the invention can realize zero voltage switching-on of all the switch tubes by only one action of the auxiliary switch tube in one switching period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional single bridge arm SPWM modulation method.
Fig. 3 shows a commutation process of the first kind.
Fig. 4 shows the second type of commutation process.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase SPWM modulation method.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of EA-PWM modulation method after using sawtooth carrier.
Fig. 7 shows a topology 1 to which the EA-PWM modulation method is applied.
Fig. 8 shows the driving waveforms and bus voltage conditions of the topology of fig. 7 in a typical case of the EA-PWM modulation method.
Fig. 9 shows an EA-PWM modulation method applied to the topology 2.
Fig. 10 shows EA-PWM modulation method applied topology 3.
Fig. 11 shows an EA-PWM modulation method applied topology 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Uniformly defining the current of a certain phase of bridge arm to flow out of the midpoint of the bridge arm as positive and the current to flow into the midpoint of the bridge arm as negative.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
The single leg case was first analyzed.
Referring to fig. 2, the conventional SPWM modulation method generates a PWM driving pulse using a sinusoidal modulation wave compared with a triangular carrier wave. Obviously, in a switching period, the switching tube has two types of actions of (1) turning on to turning off and (2) turning off to turning on. These two types of switching actions correspond to two types of current commutation processes.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, for the soft switching converter, two types of current commutation processes existing in any bridge arm are as follows:
the first type of commutation process is shown in fig. 3, where the current commutates from the switching tube to the same bridge arm complementary diode. The switching tube realizes zero voltage turn-off, and due to the existence of the parallel resonance capacitors at the two ends of the switching tube, the turn-off loss of the switching tube is reduced by one step.
The second type of commutation process is shown in fig. 4, and current commutates from a diode to the complementary switch tube of the same bridge arm. At the moment, the voltage change at two ends of the switch tube is very large, and the switch tube is hard to open. In addition, the diode has reverse recovery, which causes great current stress to the switching tube. Therefore, the second commutation process has very large turn-on loss, and also has inherent defects of prominent EMI problem, excessive current stress, and the like. The second type of commutation process is the high commutation loss process.
The multiphase arm conditions were then analyzed.
Taking an ABC three-phase output as an example, assume that the A-phase arm current i a is >0, the B-phase arm current i b <0, and the C-phase arm current i c < 0.
The analysis principle of the single bridge arm is followed, and the driving waveforms of the ABC three-phase bridge arm in one switching period are shown in FIG. 5. Referring to fig. 5, the instant of commutation of the second type has been marked with a circle. It can be seen that the commutation moments of the second type present in the three-phase leg are distributed at three different moments within one switching cycle.
In order to align the second type of commutation time synchronously, different types of sawtooth modulation waves are adopted for bridge arms with different current polarities. With reference to figure 1 of the drawings,
If the current of a certain phase bridge arm is positive, the rising sawtooth wave is compared with the modulation wave of the phase bridge arm to generate PWM. That is, the modulated wave is greater than the carrier output high level, and the modulated wave is less than the carrier output low level.
If the current of a certain phase bridge arm is negative, the descending sawtooth wave is compared with the modulation wave of the phase bridge arm to generate PWM. That is, the modulated wave is greater than the carrier output high level, and the modulated wave is less than the carrier output low level.
In one switching period, all bridge arms with positive bridge arm currents in the soft switching converter use the same rising sawtooth carrier, and all bridge arms with negative bridge arm currents use the same falling sawtooth carrier. The rising sawtooth carrier and the falling sawtooth carrier are symmetrical about a time axis.
Similarly, the ABC three-phase output is analyzed, the A-phase bridge arm current i a is greater than 0, the B-phase bridge arm current i b is less than 0, and the C-phase bridge arm current i c is less than 0, the A-phase adopts a rising sawtooth carrier, the B-phase and the C-phase adopt a falling sawtooth carrier, and the driving waveform after the sawtooth carrier is used is shown in FIG. 6.
Referring to fig. 6, the commutation moments of the second type present in the three-phase leg have been synchronized to the same moment in one switching cycle.
The principle can be expanded to any phase bridge arm output of the soft switching converter, and after sawtooth wave comparison, all second-class current conversion moments existing in the soft switching converter can be synchronized to the same moment.
Fig. 7 is a typical application topology to which the method of the present invention is applicable.
Referring to fig. 7, the soft switching converter is mainly different from the conventional converter in that an auxiliary resonant branch is added to a bus bar portion, and the soft switching converter is composed of the following components:
An auxiliary resonant branch circuit is formed by an auxiliary switch tube S aux of a parallel diode D aux, a resonant inductor L r and a clamping capacitor C c, wherein the auxiliary switch tube S aux is connected in series with the clamping capacitor C c and then connected in parallel with the resonant inductor L r, and a resonant capacitor C aux is connected in parallel between the collector and the emitter of the auxiliary switch tube.
in addition, two ends of a collector and an emitter of each main switching tube are respectively connected with a resonant capacitor C ra1, C ra2, C rb1, C rb2, C rc1 and C rc2 in parallel.
The basic working principle of the soft switching converter is as follows: and turning off the auxiliary switching tube, and resonating the direct-current bus voltage to 0 through the resonance action of the inductor and the capacitor to create a Zero Voltage (ZVS) condition for the second type of commutation. After the second type of commutation is finished, the voltage on the clamping capacitor in the circuit resonates to zero, and the auxiliary switch tube conducts zero-voltage switching-on.
As mentioned above, with the conventional SPWM modulation method, the second-type commutation moments are distributed at different moments within a switching period, and the auxiliary switching tube needs to act many times to ensure that the second-type commutation occurs under the zero-voltage condition. This introduces excessive losses and increases the difficulty of control. After the second-class commutation time is synchronized, the auxiliary switching tube only needs to act once in one switching period, and all the second-class commutation in the converter is carried out under the condition of Zero Voltage (ZVS).
Assuming that the phase A bridge arm current i a is >0, the phase B bridge arm current i b is <0, and the phase C bridge arm current i c is <0, FIG. 8 shows the driving timing sequence and bus voltage of the auxiliary switch tube and the three-phase main switch tube corresponding to FIG. 7.
The modulation method is suitable for various circuit topologies such as rectifiers, inverters, back-to-back converters and the like in three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire systems. Fig. 9-11 show other exemplary application topologies to which the method of the present invention is applicable. In addition, the modulation wave adopted by the pulse width generation is not limited by the method, and a sine wave, a modulation wave injected with third harmonic or other modulation waves can be selected according to actual needs.
Claims (1)
1. A soft switch three-phase current transformer flush edge pulse width modulation method is characterized in that the method comprises
Changing a triangular carrier in a traditional three-phase PWM pulse width modulation method into a sawtooth carrier, and selecting an ascending sawtooth carrier or a descending sawtooth carrier according to the polarity of a certain phase current so as to realize the alignment of high commutation loss time in a three-phase current transformer; specifically, for a certain phase of bridge arm of the soft switching converter, the method for selecting the sawtooth-shaped carrier and the generation flow of the Pulse Width (PWM) thereof are as follows:
Defining the current of a certain phase of bridge arm to flow out of the midpoint of the bridge arm as positive and flow into the midpoint of the bridge arm as negative;
if the current of a certain phase bridge arm is positive, comparing a rising sawtooth wave with the modulation wave of the phase bridge arm to generate a bridge arm PWM waveform; namely, the modulation wave is larger than the carrier output high level, and the modulation wave is smaller than the carrier output low level;
if the current of a certain phase of bridge arm is negative, comparing a descending sawtooth wave with the modulation wave of the phase of bridge arm to generate a bridge arm PWM waveform; namely, the modulation wave is larger than the carrier output high level, and the modulation wave is smaller than the carrier output low level;
In one switching period, all bridge arms with positive bridge arm currents in the soft switching converter use the same rising sawtooth carrier, and all bridge arms with negative bridge arm currents use the same falling sawtooth carrier. And the rising sawtooth carrier wave and the falling sawtooth carrier wave are symmetrical about a time axis, namely the rising sawtooth carrier wave and the falling sawtooth carrier wave have equal amplitude, equal period and equal phase, and are different only in the sawtooth direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910867244.2A CN110557006A (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Method for modulating neat edge pulse width of three-phase current transformer of soft switch |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910867244.2A CN110557006A (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Method for modulating neat edge pulse width of three-phase current transformer of soft switch |
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| CN110557006A true CN110557006A (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114337341A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Method and device for optimizing farthest vector PWM (pulse width modulation) of two-level converter |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104242704A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 无锡市幅瑞自动化科技有限公司 | Method for controlling ZVT soft switching three-phase PWM inverter |
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2019
- 2019-09-12 CN CN201910867244.2A patent/CN110557006A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104242704A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 无锡市幅瑞自动化科技有限公司 | Method for controlling ZVT soft switching three-phase PWM inverter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 许春雨等: "ZVT软开关三相PWM逆变器控制策略研究", 《电工技术学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114337341A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Method and device for optimizing farthest vector PWM (pulse width modulation) of two-level converter |
| CN114337341B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-01-30 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Method and device for optimizing furthest vector PWM (pulse Width modulation) of two-level converter |
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