CN110556597A - operation and maintenance system and method for valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents
operation and maintenance system and method for valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 52
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- PLAIAIKZKCZEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 6-chloro-2-oxo-3h-1,2$l^{4},3-benzodithiazole-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC2=C1NS(=O)S2 PLAIAIKZKCZEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052924 anglesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002142 lead-calcium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/484—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring electrolyte level, electrolyte density or electrolyte conductivity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/121—Valve regulated lead acid batteries [VRLA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an operation and maintenance system and method of a valve control type sealed lead-acid storage battery. VRLA float charging time MAX of the power grid first-level load subway aggravates VRLA anode passivation and internal resistance increase; the consistency discharge test is increased to once per season, and the reliability of the VRLA is improved. On the basis of maintaining the VRLA sealing structure, non-contact liquid level measurement is implemented, and the damage of water loss to the VRLA is effectively prevented. The operation and maintenance system introduces an LORA communication technology, meets the low-cost real-time monitoring requirement under the condition of large-range distribution of the VRLA of the subway, eliminates the interference on CBTC, and reduces TCO.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of operation and maintenance of valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage batteries; in particular to an operation and maintenance system and method adopting non-contact liquid level measurement and LORA communication technology for a valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage battery of a subway signal system.
Background
The subway has the advantages of large transportation volume, small occupied area, quickness, punctuality and incomparable ground traffic; under the condition of the prior art, the method is the first choice for eliminating the aeipathia of urban traffic jam and improving the share rate of public transport trips. In 2012, 10 months, the Hangzhou subway line No. 1 is operated at one stage, and the daily average passenger flow is 23.24 ten thousand people/day; in 2013-2015, the number 1 line year passenger capacity is increased to 8483.1, 14450.4 and 17629.5 thousands of people; in 2017-2018, the No. 2 and No. 4 lines are opened, and three lines are operated in a networking mode. 9 months in 2018, the average daily passenger capacity of Hangzhou public transport is 478 thousands of times, and the sharing rate of public transport trip is 61.87%; wherein the daily average passenger capacity of the subway is more than or equal to 150 ten thousand; if the total kilometer index of daily average passenger travel is introduced in consideration of the kilometer of travel of subway passengers, the subway at least contributes to the half-wall Jiangshan of the sharing rate of public transport traveling. In view of the basic guarantee function of the subway in public transportation and production life, the power failure of the subway causes serious loss of political economy, and the production life is greatly disordered; the national power grid puts the power consumption of the subway into a first-level load, namely a double-power supply with the highest reliability level; in addition, the subway is also provided with a valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage battery as an emergency UPS of the energy storage device, and when the double power supplies power and has a small probability of failure, the power is continuously supplied to important loads. For example, in Guangzhou subway, UPS ensures that the power is supplied for 4h by a communication professional transmission system, a public service telephone system, a dispatching telephone system, an in-station and trackside telephone system and a wireless communication system when the commercial power fails, the power is supplied for 1h by a video monitoring system, a ticketing system and a broadcasting system, and the like. Subway operation practices show that: the reliable availability of a UPS is unsatisfactory and the energy storage battery is a short board in the UPS.
In 1859, the Gaston platform invented lead-acid batteries, which had a history of 160 years to date. The 1 st generation open lead-acid storage battery has the phenomenon that water is decomposed to generate hydrogen and oxygen which are separated out, and needs to be maintained by adding water; the gas carrying acid mist overflows, the environment is polluted, equipment is corroded, and acid maintenance is needed. In the last 70 th century, the 2 nd generation of flooded lead-acid batteries went on the ground, and the lead-calcium alloy polar plate slows down the water decomposition speed, so that the workload of water addition maintenance is reduced, but gas and acid mist still overflow during charging. In 1971, the liquid-absorbing ultra-fine glass wool clapboard, namely a Valve-regulated lead Acid (VRLA), was invented by GATES corporation in America, and the difficulty of oxygen compound cycle of the lead Acid battery was solved; the problems of unsealing, acid mist overflow and the like caused by the opening of the lead-acid storage battery are solved, and the VRLA has the characteristics of long service life, less maintenance and low pollution.
the electrochemical mechanism of the third-generation lead-acid storage battery is supported in one pulse:With the progress of technology, the 1 st and 2 nd generation lead-acid batteries are irreversibly eliminated. China is the first producing, consuming and exporting countries of lead-acid storage batteries, and the yield of the lead-acid storage batteries accounts for 1/3 of the total world yield. In the last 90 s, China started the development of VRLA; the technology matured beyond the century of alternation. In 2015, the domestic lead-acid storage battery 21014.83 ten thousand kVAh has a production value of 1700 hundred million. The new storage batteries of nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen, lithium ion, etc. are in the future, and lead-acid storage batteries generally have the right in the fields of traffic, electric power, communication, etc. due to the advantages of price superiority, stable performance, etc. The No. 1 line of the Hangzhou subway is provided with 31 stations (13 stations and 18 non-centralized stations), 1 parking lot and 1 vehicle section; shortest station spacing: west lake culture station-wulin square station 856.234m, farthest station spacing: passenger transport central station-shaxi station 3242.121 m. The designed capacity 49180VAh of the VRLA # 1 is allocated to each station, parking lot and vehicle section as required. Similar confusion is encountered with hang state subways and other domestic VRLA users: the actual life of the VRLA is less than the nominal value of the manufacturer.
The VRLA deviation from actual life is believed to be due to imbalances in the cells of the battery, inadequate ambient temperature, overcharging, overdischarging, and long term float charging. With the continuous improvement of VRLA materials, structures and manufacturing processes, the problem of unbalance of single batteries is eliminated from the problem list. The environmental temperature is not a problem for Hangzhou subways, the statistical environmental temperature value in 5-year operation is 23.7 +/-3 ℃, and the requirement of the environmental temperature for VRLA use is met. VRLA charging is subjected to constant voltage, constant current, two-stage and three-stage charging methods (a small constant voltage charging stage is added at the final charging stage for supplementary charging, namely a floating charging stage), and pulse charging with adjustable positive and negative amplitudes; the charging technology meets the operation and maintenance requirements of the VRLA. The current, voltage and temperature detection and control technology is mature and reliable when VRLA is charged and discharged. The targeted solution improves the actual life of the VRLA, but there is still a large gap from the manufacturer's nominal value.
Currently, research in the industry is focused on the internal resistance of VRLA, and the state of health (SOH) and state of charge (SOC) of VRLA are estimated according to the internal resistance. The internal resistance measuring method comprises the following steps: density, open circuit voltage, instantaneous dc discharge and ac injection methods; when the VRLA performance is degraded, the internal resistance value is reduced, and the SOH of the VRLA can be estimated semi-quantitatively based on the change of the internal resistance value. Although no SOC sensor is provided, the SOC can be calculated through other physical parameters and mathematical models; such as open circuit voltage, electrolyte density, ampere-hour meter; unfortunately, the SOC mathematical model has limitations and needs to be improved. The technology for monitoring the VRLA in real time comprises a checking discharge method, an incomplete discharge test method, an impedance measurement method and an ampere-hour capacity method, wherein the checking discharge method has the highest precision and reliability; real-time monitoring VRLA, BCT-2000 tester was released by Alber corporation of America, and domestic professional manufacturers and products had the following: a CR-AC24/05 tester of the Siancoku blue company and a SMITB915 tester of the Shanghai Union company. The research on the internal resistance of the VRLA further improves the actual service life of the VRLA, but the difference from the nominal value of a manufacturer is still quite large.
theoretical research and engineering technicians note that water loss, electrolyte density, electrolyte level are closely related to VRLA actual life. For example, the literature: [1]Water loss reason and prevention method for Zhao Zhi Rong, shallow talk valve-controlled lead-acid accumulator]Digital communications world, 2018, (6): 92-94; [2]Design of Chenyong self-powered lead-acid battery liquid level sensor [ J]Sensor and microsystem 2018, 37 (2): 92-94; [3]cao teach lead-acid battery density measurement sensor research [ J ]]avionics 2018, 38 (1): 92-94. The above document states that chargingthe water is electrolyzed to generate O at the anode of the storage battery2，O2Diffusing the lead to the negative electrode through the pores in the separator, and reacting with the spongy lead of the negative electrode to generate PbO; to accelerate O2The diffusion speed of the electrolyte is designed by adopting a lean solution; PbO and electrolyte H2SO4Reaction to form H2O and PbSO4，PbSO4Conversion of recharge to spongy Pb and H2O, due to O2The recombination avoids water loss; dehydration leads to increased electrolyte density, grid plate corrosion, reduced active species, reduced battery capacity: 5.5% of water loss, 75% of capacity reduction, 25% of water loss and basically disappearance of capacity; thus, literature studies conclude that: the primary reason for VRLA aging is loss of water from the electrolyte. It must be noted that there is no idealized 100% oxygen recombination, and that VRLA in the sealed state cannot be used with distilled water; water loss from VRLA is virtually inevitable. The necessity of real-time monitoring of the VRLA liquid level holds! A summary of representative intellectual property achievements in VRLA operation and maintenance is as follows:
The invention discloses a valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery for starting with a pure water chamber (ZL2010105004119), and provides the valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery for starting with the pure water chamber, wherein the pure water chamber is filled with pure water or electrolyte, and a communicating conduit and a communicating capillary hole are arranged between a pole group and the pure water chamber; the VRLA does not lack water in the life cycle and is free from maintenance.
The invention discloses a lead-acid storage battery with an automatic water replenishing function and a method for installing a lead-acid storage battery water replenishing reservoir (ZL201510498022X), and provides a storage battery water replenishing reservoir which comprises a bag made of a porous acid-resistant flexible material, wherein a gel-like resin is arranged in the bag after water absorption, so that the water loss of the storage battery is replenished.
The invention discloses an equalizing charge method of a valve-controlled lead-acid storage battery (ZL2011100408214), and provides an equalizing charge method of a valve-controlled lead-acid storage battery for avoiding a large amount of water loss in a charging process, wherein the storage battery is charged in a constant-current charging mode at the initial charging stage; when the voltage of the storage battery reaches the theoretical oxygen analysis voltage, after stopping charging for a plurality of minutes and cooling, constant-voltage charging is carried out, and charging current is controlled to charge in a manner of charging for 5 seconds and stopping charging for 2 seconds.
Related research and the exploration of intellectual property achievements have reference value, the improvement of the VRLA sealing structure is the premise of implementing the achievements, and the effectiveness of the method has limitation; therefore, it is necessary to make a further innovative design based on the existing results in combination with the subway working conditions. The subway is used as a first-level load of a power grid, and the VRLA float charging time MAX is adopted, so that a check discharge test is added; aiming at the harm of VRLA water loss, the VRLA water loss state is detected by non-contact liquid level measurement; in view of the fact that the VRLA of the subway is distributed in a large range, the LORA communication technology of the Internet of things is introduced to exchange information; also, it is necessary to integrate the mature technologies of the industry.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an operation and maintenance system and method of a valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage battery.
The operation and maintenance system of the valve control type sealed lead-acid storage battery comprises a voltage detection module, a current detection module, a temperature detection module, a non-contact liquid level measurement module, a LoRa wireless communication module, a charge and discharge control module and a main control data processing module, wherein the voltage detection module, the current detection module, the temperature detection module, the non-contact liquid level measurement module, the LoRa wireless communication module and the charge and discharge control module are respectively connected with the main control data processing module;
The main control data processing module inputs VRLA voltage, current and temperature data collected by the voltage detection module, the current detection module, the temperature detection module and the non-contact liquid level measurement module, and liquid level data of VRLA electrolyte, and controls charging and discharging of VRLA through the charging and discharging control module; the master control data processing module evaluates SOH and SOC of VRLA and the water loss state of electrolyte, and uploads the state to a subway monitoring center through the LoRa wireless communication module and the LoRa gateway.
Each module in the above technical solution can be implemented in the following specific manner.
The voltage detection module comprises an operational amplifier LM324, a linear optocoupler HCNR201, a positive pole of a VRLA and a voltage detection module Vinthe terminals are connected, and the "-" pole of the VRLA is grounded; resistance R112One end of (V)inThe terminal is connected with the pin 2 of the operational amplifier LM324 and is poweredResistance R112The other end of the operational amplifier LM324 is grounded, and a pin 4 of the operational amplifier LM324 is connected with + 15V; resistance R111And a capacitor C111one end of the resistor (R), a pin 3 of the operational amplifier LM324 and a pin 4 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201 are connected, and the resistor R111The other end of the linear optocoupler is grounded, and a pin 3 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201 is connected with + 18V; capacitor C111another terminal of (1), a resistor R113Is connected with pin 1 of the operational amplifier LM324, and a resistor R113The other end of the linear optocoupler is connected with a pin 2 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201, and a pin 1 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201 is grounded; resistance R121One end of (V)outThe terminal is connected with a pin 5 of a linear optocoupler HCNR201, and a resistor R121The other end of the linear optocoupler is grounded, and a pin 6 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201 is connected with + 15V; vout＝R121/R111×Vin，VoutThe terminal is connected with the STM32F103 pin 15 of the main control data processing module.
the current detection module comprises a Hall effect based linear current sensor ACS712 and a voltage follower AD 861; the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the linear current sensor ACS712 are connected with the "+" pole of the VRLA, the "-" pole of the VRLA is connected with one end of the load and the "-" pole of the VRLA charging source, the other end of the load and the "+" pole of the VRLA charging source are respectively connected to the two fixed ends of the single-pole double-throw switch, and the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the pin 1 and the pin 2 of the linear current sensor ACS 712;
Pin 8 of ACS712 of linear current sensor is connected to VCC and capacitor C211and a resistance R212Is connected to ground at pin 5 of ACS712, and a capacitor C211and the other terminal of which is connected to pin 6 of the linear current sensor ACS712, the resistor R212Another terminal of (1), a resistor R211One end of the resistor is connected with a pin 3 of a voltage follower AD861 and a resistor R211And to pin 7 of linear current sensor ACS 712; pin 2 of the voltage follower AD861 is grounded, pin 5 is connected with 5V, and the resistor R221Is connected between the pin 4 and the pin 1 of the voltage follower AD861 in parallel; pin 1 and U of voltage follower AD8610Terminal connection, U0the terminal is connected with an STM32F103 pin 16 of the main control data processing module; the charging and discharging currents of VRLA pass through the linear current sensor ACS712, and the voltage output from the pin 7 of the linear current sensor ACS712 passes through the resistor R211and a resistance R212After the voltage division and voltage follower AD861 is conditioned, the voltage division and voltage follower AD861 is used for sampling by the main control data processing module.
The temperature detection module takes a temperature sensor DS18B20 as a core, a pin 1 of the DS18B20 is grounded, and a pin 3 is connected with a VCCResistance R301are connected in parallel between the legs 2 and 3 of the DS18B 20; legs 2 and V of DS18B200Terminal connection, V0The terminal is connected with an STM32F103 pin 14 of the main control data processing module; the temperature detection module is stuck and fixed on the wall of the VRLA box.
The non-contact liquid level measurement module comprises a 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe, a 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe, a signal processing RS485 unit and an RS 232-to-485 unit, the non-contact liquid level measurement module detects the liquid level of the electrolyte based on the electrolyte induction capacitor, the type of the non-contact liquid level measurement module is XKC-Y25-RS485, and the type of the RS 232-to-485 is Dite RS 232-to-485; the 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe and the 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe are positioned at the highest liquid level and the lowest liquid level of the VRLA electrolyte and are fixed on the outer wall of the VRLA container by gluing;
The 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe, the 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe link to each other with signal processing RS485 unit respectively, and signal processing RS485 unit changes 485 units through RS232 and links to each other with main control data processing module: vcc and GND ports of the signal processing RS485 unit are respectively connected with Vcc and ground, an RS485-B, RS485-A port of the signal processing RS485 unit is respectively connected with an RS485-B, RS485-A port of the RS 232-485 unit, and RS232-RX and RS232-TX ports of the RS 232-485 unit are respectively connected with an RX1 terminal and a TX1 terminal; the RX1 terminal and the TX1 terminal are respectively connected with pins 30 and 31 of the STM32F103 of the master data processing module.
The LoRa wireless communication module is E32-TTL-100, and E32-TTL-100 is a wireless module based on an SX1278 radio frequency chip; pins 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the E32-TTL-100 are respectively connected into an M0 terminal, an M1 terminal, an RX2 terminal, a TX2 terminal and an AUX terminal, and an M0 terminal, an M1 terminal, an RX2 terminal, a TX2 terminal and an AUX terminal are respectively connected with an STM32F103 pin 9, a pin 10, a pin 12, a pin 13 and a pin 11 of a main control data processing module; the pin 6 and the pin 7 of the E32-TTL-100 are respectively connected with VCC and ground; the LoRa wireless communication module exchanges information with the subway monitoring center through a LoRa gateway;
the E32-TTL-100 follows a LoRa wireless communication protocol, a MAC frame of the LoRa consists of a MAC header field (MHDR), a MAC load field (MAC Payload) and an information integrity coding field (MIC), the MHDR comprises a data frame type (MType), a Reserved Field (RFU) and a terminal version number (Major), and the MAC Payload comprises a Frame Header (FHDR), a configurable port number (Fport) and a configurable load field (FRM Payload).
The main control data processing module takes an STM32F103 chip as a core, and a pin 15, a pin 16 and a pin 14 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with a Voutterminal, Uoterminal, Vothe pins 30 and 31 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with an RX1 terminal and a TX1 terminal; the pins 9, 10, 12, 13 and 11 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with the M0 terminal, the M1 terminal, the RX2 terminal, the TX2 terminal and the AUX terminal.
The VRLA operation and maintenance method flow comprises an offline flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method and an online flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method;
The offline flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method is as follows:
Firstly, inputting a table of VRLA electrolyte density corresponding to different temperatures within a temperature range of 25 +/-7 ℃;
Inspecting VRLA, observing expansion and cracking of the shell and signs of electrohydraulic leakage of the pole;
③ one check discharge test every quarter: discharge 40 minutes to evaluate the voltage drop; once a year dummy capacity test: the discharge depth is 80%, the voltage/current and the internal resistance value are recorded, and the VRLA performance is judged;
the online process of the VRLA operation and maintenance method is as follows:
Collecting voltage, current, temperature and liquid level data of VRLA;
Estimating SOH of VRLA;
Evaluating the SOC of the VRLA;
VRLA floating filling stage, taking 1 hour as the recording period of liquid level;
converting the liquid level data into a standard liquid level at 25 ℃;
Calculating an hourly liquid level change value delta h;
Statistically recording the liquid level change value delta h of 24 hours, weeks and months24、Δhw、Δhm；
Adjusting the float charging voltage:
According to manufacturer's manual, VRLA float voltage of 12V at 25 ℃ is 13.5V;
Actually measuring the temperature t;
float voltage V is 13.5+ [ 25-INT (t +0.5) ] × (6 × 0.005).
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the VRLA float charging time MAX of the power grid first-level load subway is increased to once per season, and the reliability of the VRLA is improved; because the installation site of the VRLA of the subway is easy to reach, the test is increased in operation and maintenance. On the basis of a VRLA sealing structure, non-contact liquid level measurement is implemented, and the harmfulness of water loss is prevented and eliminated. The VRLA operation and maintenance system adopts the LORA Internet of things communication technology, meets the real-time monitoring requirement under the condition of large-range distribution of the VRLA of the subway, eliminates the interference on CBTC (communication Based Train control), and reduces TCO.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a VRLA operation and maintenance system;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a voltage detection module;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a current sensing module;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a temperature sensing module;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a non-contact level measurement module;
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a LoRa wireless communication module;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a master control and data processing module;
FIG. 8(a) is a flow chart of a VRLA operation and maintenance method;
FIG. 8(b) is an offline flowchart of the VRLA operation and maintenance method;
Fig. 8(c) is an online flow chart of the VRLA operation and maintenance method.
Detailed Description
as shown in fig. 1, the operation and maintenance system of the valve-controlled sealed lead-acid battery is composed of a voltage detection module 100, a current detection module 200, a temperature detection module 300, a non-contact liquid level measurement module 400, a LoRa wireless communication module 500, a charge and discharge control module 600, and a master control data processing module 900, wherein the voltage detection module 100, the current detection module 200, the temperature detection module 300, the non-contact liquid level measurement module 400, the LoRa wireless communication module 500, and the charge and discharge control module 600 are respectively connected with the master control data processing module 900;
The master control data processing module 900 inputs the VRLA voltage, current and temperature data collected by the voltage detection module 100, the current detection module 200, the temperature detection module 300 and the non-contact liquid level measurement module 400, and the liquid level data of the VRLA electrolyte, and controls charging and discharging of the VRLA through the charging and discharging control module 600; the master control data processing module 900 evaluates SOH, SOC of the VRLA and a water loss state of the electrolyte, and uploads the state to the subway monitoring center through the LoRa wireless communication module 500 and the LoRa gateway.
Description 1: in view of the known charging and discharging technology of VRLA, there are different academic points for SOH and SOC estimation of VRLA, so only the discussion is mentioned herein.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage detection module 100 includes an operational amplifier LM324110, a linear optocoupler HCNR201120, a "+" pole of VRLA, and a voltage V of the voltage detection module 100inThe terminals are connected, and the "-" pole of the VRLA is grounded; resistance R112One end of (V)inThe terminal is connected with a pin 2 of the operational amplifier LM324110, and the resistor R112The other end of the operational amplifier LM324110 is grounded, and a pin 4 of the operational amplifier LM324110 is connected with + 15V; resistance R111and a capacitor C111One end of the resistor R, a pin 3 of the operational amplifier LM324110 and a pin 4 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201120 are connected, and the resistor R111the other end of the linear optocoupler is grounded, and a pin 3 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201120 is connected with + 18V; capacitor C111Another terminal of (1), a resistor R113Is connected with a pin 1 of the operational amplifier LM324110, and a resistor R113the other end of the linear optical coupler is connected with a pin 2 of the linear optical coupler HCNR201120, and a pin 1 of the linear optical coupler HCNR201120 is grounded; resistance R121One end of (V)outThe terminal is connected with a pin 5 of a linear optocoupler HCNR201120, and a resistor R121The other end of the linear optocoupler is grounded, and a pin 6 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201120 is connected with + 15V; vout＝R121/R111×Vin，Voutthe terminal is connected to pin 15 of STM32F103 of master data processing module 900.
As shown in fig. 3, the current detection module 200 includes a hall effect based linear current sensor ACS712210, a voltage follower AD 861220; the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the linear current sensor ACS712210 are connected with a "+" pole of VRLA, a "-" pole of VRLA is connected with one end of a load and a "-" pole of a VRLA charging power supply, the other end of the load and the "+" pole of the VRLA charging power supply are respectively connected with two fixed ends of a single-pole double-throw switch, and the movable end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the pin 1 and the pin 2 of the linear current sensor ACS 712210;
Pin 8 of ACS712210 of linear current sensor is connected with VCC and capacitor C211and a resistance R212Is connected to ground at pin 5 of ACS712, and a capacitor C211and the other end of the resistor R is connected with a pin 6 of the linear current sensor ACS712210212Another terminal of (1), a resistor R211One end of the resistor is connected with a pin 3 of a voltage follower AD861220 and a resistor R211and to pin 7 of linear current sensor ACS 712210; pin 2 of the voltage follower AD861220 is grounded, pin 5 is connected with 5V, and the resistor R221is connected between the pin 4 and the pin 1 of the voltage follower AD861220 in parallel; pin 1 and U of voltage follower AD8612200terminal connection, U0the terminal is connected with the STM32F103 pin 16 of the main control data processing module 900; the charging and discharging current of VRLA passes through the linear current sensor ACS712210, and the voltage output by the pin 7 of the linear current sensor ACS712210 passes through the resistor R211and a resistance R212After the voltage division and the voltage follower AD861220 are conditioned, the voltage division and the voltage follower are used for sampling by the main control data processing module 900.
As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature detecting module 300 uses the temperature sensor DS18B20 as a core, and the pin 1 of the DS18B20 is grounded and the pin 3 is connected to the VCCResistance R301Are connected in parallel between the legs 2 and 3 of the DS18B 20; legs 2 and V of DS18B200Terminal connection, V0The terminal is connected with an STM32F103 pin 14 of the main control data processing module 900; the temperature detection module 300 is fixedly adhered to the wall of the VRLA box.
As shown in fig. 5, the non-contact liquid level measurement module 400 includes a 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe 410, a 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe 420, a signal processing RS485 unit 430, and an RS232 to 485 unit 440, the non-contact liquid level measurement module 400 detects the liquid level of the electrolyte based on the electrolyte sensing capacitance, the model of which is XKC-Y25-RS485, and the model of RS232 to 485 is dite RS232 to 485; the 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe 410 and the 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe 420 are positioned at the highest liquid level and the lowest liquid level of the VRLA electrolyte and are fixed on the outer wall of the VRLA container by glue;
The 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe 410 and the 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe 420 are respectively connected with the signal processing RS485 unit 430, and the signal processing RS485 unit 430 is connected with the main control data processing module 900 through the RS232 to 485 unit 440: vcc and GND ports of the signal processing RS485 unit 430 are respectively connected with Vcc and ground, an RS485-B, RS485-A port of the signal processing RS485 unit 430 is respectively connected with an RS485-B, RS485-A port of the RS 232-485 conversion unit 440, and RS232-RX and RS232-TX ports of the RS 232-485 conversion unit 440 are respectively connected with an RX1 terminal and a TX1 terminal; the RX1 terminal and the TX1 terminal are connected to the STM32F103 pin 30 and the STM32F pin 31 of the master data processing module 900, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 6, the LoRa wireless communication module 500 has a model number of E32-TTL-100, and E32-TTL-100 is a wireless module based on an SX1278 radio frequency chip; pins 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the E32-TTL-100 are respectively connected to an M0 terminal, an M1 terminal, an RX2 terminal, a TX2 terminal and an AUX terminal, and an M0 terminal, an M1 terminal, an RX2 terminal, a TX2 terminal and an AUX terminal are respectively connected with an STM32F103 pin 9, a pin 10, a pin 12, a pin 13 and a pin 11 of the main control data processing module 900; the pin 6 and the pin 7 of the E32-TTL-100 are respectively connected with VCC and ground; the LoRa wireless communication module 500 exchanges information with the subway monitoring center through the LoRa gateway;
the E32-TTL-100 follows a LoRa wireless communication protocol, a MAC frame of the LoRa consists of a MAC header field (MHDR), a MAC load field (MAC Payload) and an information integrity coding field (MIC), the MHDR comprises a data frame type (MType), a Reserved Field (RFU) and a terminal version number (Major), and the MAC Payload comprises a Frame Header (FHDR), a configurable port number (Fport) and a configurable load field (FRM Payload).
Description 2: from the hierarchical structure of the information system, the LoRa gateway belongs to the receiving end of the subway monitoring center, and the VRLA operation and maintenance system is only a lower subsystem of the subway monitoring center, so that only the LoRa gateway is mentioned herein, and the discussion is not expanded.
As shown in fig. 7, the main control data processing module 900 takes an STM32F103 chip as a core, and a pin 15, a pin 16, a pin 14 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with VoutTerminal, UoTerminal, VoThe pins 30 and 31 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with an RX1 terminal and a TX1 terminal; the pins 9, 10, 12, 13 and 11 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with the M0 terminal, the M1 terminal, the RX2 terminal, the TX2 terminal and the AUX terminal.
As shown in fig. 8(a), 8(b), and 8(c), the flow of the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery VRLA operation and maintenance method based on the operation and maintenance system includes an offline flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method and an online flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method;
the offline flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method is as follows:
Inputting a table of (25 +/-7 ℃) to VRLA electrolyte densities, wherein each temperature corresponds to the corresponding VRLA electrolyte density, and the table form in the embodiment is as follows:
| Temperature of | 18 | …… | 24 | 25 | 26 | …… | 32 |
| density g/cm3 | X18 | …… | X24 | 1.26 | X26 | …… | X32 |
Inspecting VRLA, observing expansion and cracking of the shell and signs of electrohydraulic leakage of the pole;
③ one check discharge test every quarter: discharge 40 minutes to evaluate the voltage drop; once a year dummy capacity test: the discharge depth is 80%, the voltage/current and the internal resistance value are recorded, and the VRLA performance is judged;
The online process of the VRLA operation and maintenance method is as follows:
Collecting voltage, current, temperature and liquid level data of VRLA;
Estimating SOH of VRLA;
Evaluating the SOC of the VRLA;
VRLA floating filling stage, taking 1 hour as the recording period of liquid level;
converting the liquid level data into a standard liquid level at 25 ℃;
calculating an hourly liquid level change value delta h;
Statistically recording the liquid level change value delta h of 24 hours, weeks and months24、Δhw、Δhm；
Adjusting the float charging voltage:
VRLA float voltage of 13.5V at 25 deg.C according to manufacturer's manual
actually measuring the temperature t;
the float voltage was adjusted to 13.5+ [ 25-INT (t +0.5) ] × (6 × 0.005).
Description 3: the liquid level data is converted into 25 ℃ by adopting a linear interpolation methodThe standard liquid level of (c). For example, the density at 19 ℃ is X19, the density at 18 ℃ is X18, and the density at 25 ℃ is 1.26g/cm3(ii) a The measured temperature t is 18.2 ℃, and the liquid level value is recorded as h18.2；h18.2Converted into a standard liquid level h at 25 DEG C25.0--18.2，h25.0--18.2＝h18.2×{(X18/1.26)－[(X18－X19)/1.26]X (18.2-18) }; when the liquid level is measured in the VRLA float filling stage, I is adjustedFloating charger≈I0，I0the influence of the float current on the liquid level is eliminated for the float current value recommended by the manufacturer. For commercial reasons, manufacturers require that electrolyte density values other than 25 ℃ are not disclosed.
At 25 ℃, the 12V VRLA manufacturer directs the float voltage to be 13.5V; the float voltage decreases or increases by 6 x 0.005V every 1 ℃ of rising or falling; the temperature sensitivity of the float voltage is adjusted to be 1 ℃, so that the temperature change is tracked, and the adjustment is not too frequent. Although various methods for monitoring the VRLA exist in the float charging time MAX of the subway VRLA under the primary load of the power grid, the highest precision and reliability are still a checking discharge method and a load capacity test; because the installation place of the VRLA of the subway is easy to reach, the consistency discharge test is increased from once a year to once every quarter, the reliability of the VRLA is improved, and the increase of operation and maintenance is limited.
Claims (8)
1. an operation and maintenance system of a valve-controlled sealed lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising a voltage detection module (100), a current detection module (200), a temperature detection module (300), a non-contact liquid level measurement module (400), a LoRa wireless communication module (500), a charge and discharge control module (600) and a master control data processing module (900), wherein the voltage detection module (100), the current detection module (200), the temperature detection module (300), the non-contact liquid level measurement module (400), the LoRa wireless communication module (500) and the charge and discharge control module (600) are respectively connected with the master control data processing module (900);
The master control data processing module (900) inputs VRLA voltage, current and temperature data acquired by the voltage detection module (100), the current detection module (200), the temperature detection module (300) and the non-contact liquid level measurement module (400) and liquid level data of VRLA electrolyte, and controls charging and discharging of VRLA through the charging and discharging control module (600); the master control data processing module (900) evaluates SOH and SOC of the VRLA and the water loss state of the electrolyte, and uploads the SOH and SOC to a subway monitoring center through the LoRa wireless communication module (500) and the LoRa gateway.
2. The operation and maintenance system of the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the voltage detection module (100) comprises an operational amplifier LM324(110), a linear optical coupler HCNR201(120), a "+" pole of a VRLA and a V of the voltage detection module (100)inthe terminals are connected, and the "-" pole of the VRLA is grounded; resistance R112One end of (V)inThe terminal is connected with the pin 2 of the operational amplifier LM324(110), and the resistor R112The other end of the operational amplifier LM324(110) is grounded, and a pin 4 of the operational amplifier LM324(110) is connected with + 15V; resistance R111and a capacitor C111one end of the resistor (3) is connected with a pin 3 of the operational amplifier LM324(110) and a pin 4 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120), and the resistor R111The other end of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120) is grounded, and a pin 3 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120) is connected with + 18V; capacitor C111Another terminal of (1), a resistor R113is connected with the pin 1 of the operational amplifier LM324(110), and a resistor R113The other end of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120) is connected with a pin 2 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120), and a pin 1 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120) is grounded; resistance R121one end of (V)outThe terminal is connected with a pin 5 of a linear optocoupler HCNR201(120), and a resistor R121The other end of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120) is grounded, and a pin 6 of the linear optocoupler HCNR201(120) is connected with + 15V; vout＝R121/R111×Vin，VoutThe terminal is connected with the STM32F103 pin 15 of the main control data processing module (900).
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the current detection module (200) comprises a Hall-effect based linear current sensor ACS712(210), a voltage follower AD861 (220); the pins 3 and 4 of the linear current sensor ACS712(210) are connected to the "+" pole of the VRLA, the "-" pole of the VRLA is connected to one end of the load and the "-" pole of the VRLA charging source, the other end of the load and the "+" pole of the VRLA charging source are respectively connected to the two stationary ends of the single-pole double-throw switch, and the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the pins 1 and 2 of the linear current sensor ACS712 (210);
pin 8 of ACS712(210) is connected to VCC, and capacitor C211And a resistance R212Is connected to ground at pin 5 of ACS712, and a capacitor C211And the other terminal of which is connected to pin 6 of the linear current sensor ACS712(210), resistor R212another terminal of (1), a resistor R211One end of the resistor is connected with a pin 3 of a voltage follower AD861(220) and a resistor R211and to pin 7 of the linear current sensor ACS712 (210); pin 2 of voltage follower AD861(220) is grounded, pin 5 is connected with 5V, and resistor R221Is connected between the pin 4 and the pin 1 of the voltage follower AD861 (220); pin 1 and U of voltage follower AD861(220)0terminal connection, U0The terminal is connected with an STM32F103 pin 16 of the main control data processing module (900); the charging and discharging currents of VRLA pass through the linear current sensor ACS712(210), and the voltage output from the pin 7 of the linear current sensor ACS712(210) passes through the resistor R211And a resistance R212after being conditioned by the voltage division and voltage follower AD861(220), the voltage division and voltage follower is used for sampling by the main control data processing module (900).
4. the system of claim 1, wherein the temperature detection module (300) is centered on a temperature sensor DS18B20, and the pin 1 of the DS18B20 is grounded and the pin 3 is connected to VCCResistance R301Are connected in parallel between the legs 2 and 3 of the DS18B 20; legs 2 and V of DS18B200Terminal connection, V0the terminal is connected with an STM32F103 pin 14 of a main control data processing module (900); the temperature detection module (300) is stuck and fixed on the wall of the VRLA box.
5. The operation and maintenance system of the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the non-contact liquid level measurement module (400) comprises a 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe (410), a 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe (420), a signal processing RS485 unit (430) and an RS232 to 485 unit (440), the non-contact liquid level measurement module (400) detects the liquid level of the electrolyte based on the electrolyte induction capacitance, and the model of the non-contact liquid level measurement module is XKC-Y25-RS485, and the model of RS232 to 485 is Dite RS232 to 485; the 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe (410) and the 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe (420) are positioned at the highest liquid level and the lowest liquid level of the VRLA electrolyte and are fixed on the outer wall of the VRLA container by gluing;
The 1 st non-contact liquid level sensor probe (410), the 2 nd non-contact liquid level sensor probe (420) link to each other with signal processing RS485 unit (430) respectively, and signal processing RS485 unit (430) are changeed 485 unit (440) and are linked to each other with master control data processing module (900) through RS 232: vcc and GND ports of the signal processing RS485 unit (430) are respectively connected with Vcc and ground, an RS485-B, RS485-A port of the signal processing RS485 unit (430) is respectively connected with an RS485-B, RS485-A port of the RS 232-485 unit (440), and RS232-RX and RS232-TX ports of the RS 232-485 unit (440) are respectively connected with an RX1 terminal and a TX1 terminal; the RX1 terminal and the TX1 terminal are respectively connected with pins 30 and 31 of an STM32F103 of the master data processing module (900).
6. the operation and maintenance system of the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the LoRa wireless communication module (500) is a wireless module based on an SX1278 radio frequency chip, and the model is E32-TTL-100, and E32-TTL-100; pins 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the E32-TTL-100 are respectively connected into an M0 terminal, an M1 terminal, an RX2 terminal, a TX2 terminal and an AUX terminal, and an M0 terminal, an M1 terminal, an RX2 terminal, a TX2 terminal and an AUX terminal are respectively connected with an STM32F103 pin 9, a pin 10, a pin 12, a pin 13 and a pin 11 of a main control data processing module (900); the pin 6 and the pin 7 of the E32-TTL-100 are respectively connected with VCC and ground; the LoRa wireless communication module (500) exchanges information with the subway monitoring center through a LoRa gateway;
The E32-TTL-100 follows a LoRa wireless communication protocol, a MAC frame of the LoRa consists of a MAC header field (MHDR), a MAC load field (MAC Payload) and an information integrity coding field (MIC), the MHDR comprises a data frame type (MType), a Reserved Field (RFU) and a terminal version number (Major), and the MAC Payload comprises a Frame Header (FHDR), a configurable port number (Fport) and a configurable load field (FRM Payload).
7. The valve control of claim 1The operation and maintenance system of the sealed lead-acid storage battery is characterized in that the main control data processing module (900) takes an STM32F103 chip as a core, and a pin 15, a pin 16 and a pin 14 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with a VoutTerminal, UoTerminal, VoThe pins 30 and 31 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with an RX1 terminal and a TX1 terminal; the pins 9, 10, 12, 13 and 11 of the STM32F103 chip are respectively connected with the M0 terminal, the M1 terminal, the RX2 terminal, the TX2 terminal and the AUX terminal.
8. An operation and maintenance method using the operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, wherein the flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method comprises an offline flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method and an online flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method;
The offline flow of the VRLA operation and maintenance method is as follows:
Firstly, inputting a table of VRLA electrolyte density corresponding to different temperatures within a temperature range of 25 +/-7 ℃;
Inspecting VRLA, observing expansion and cracking of the shell and signs of electrohydraulic leakage of the pole;
③ one check discharge test every quarter: discharge 40 minutes to evaluate the voltage drop; once a year dummy capacity test: the discharge depth is 80%, the voltage/current and the internal resistance value are recorded, and the VRLA performance is judged;
The online process of the VRLA operation and maintenance method is as follows:
Collecting voltage, current, temperature and liquid level data of VRLA;
Estimating SOH of VRLA;
evaluating the SOC of the VRLA;
VRLA floating filling stage, taking 1 hour as the recording period of liquid level;
converting the liquid level data into a standard liquid level at 25 ℃;
Calculating an hourly liquid level change value delta h;
statistically recording the liquid level change value delta h of 24 hours, weeks and months24、Δhw、Δhm；
adjusting the float charging voltage:
According to manufacturer's manual, VRLA float voltage of 12V at 25 ℃ is 13.5V;
Actually measuring the temperature t;
Float voltage V is 13.5+ [ 25-INT (t +0.5) ] × (6 × 0.005).
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| CN110556597B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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